1
|
Baykal S, Bozkurt A, Çobanoğlu Osmanlı C, Önal BS, Şahin B, Karadoğan ZN, Karadağ M, Hangül Z, Kılıçaslan F, Ayaydın H, Uzun N, Demirdöğen EY, Akıncı MA, Bilaç Ö, Büber A, Tufan AE, Aksu GG, Taner HA, Sarı BA, Kütük MÖ, Kaba D, Karaçizmeli M, Kavcıoğlu R, Görker I, Karabekiroğlu K. A comparison of clinical characteristics and course predictors in early- and childhood-onset schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38992332 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) and early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) during the first- episode psychosis and the stable period, to examine psychopharmacological treatment approaches, and to investigate potential predictive factors for prognosis. METHODS Demographic, clinical, and psychopharmacological therapy data for 31 patients diagnosed with COS and 66 with EOS were retrieved from the file records in this multicenter study. Symptom distribution and disease severity and course were evaluated twice, in the acute psychotic stage and in the latest stable phase, during follow-up using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and clinical global impression (CGI) scales. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups' CGI improvement rates and median last stable stage PANSS positive, negative, and general psychopathology symptom scores (p = .005, p = .031, p = .005, and p = .012, respectively). Premorbid neurodevelopmental disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder and comorbidities were more common in the COS group (p = .025 and p = .030, respectively), and treatment required greater multiple antipsychotic use in that group (p = .013). When the independent variables affecting the difference between pre- and post-treatment PANSS scores were examined using linear regression analysis, the model established was found to be statistically significant (F = 5.393; p = .001), and the group variable (p = .024), initial disease severity (p = .001), and socioeconomic level (p = .022; p = .007) emerged as predictive factors for the disease course. CONCLUSION Although early diagnosis and treatment is an important factor in improving prognosis in schizophrenia, more specific predictors for schizophrenia need to be identified. Additionally, preventive programs and pharmacological methods need to be developed in children with neurodevelopmental problems, particularly those from low socioeconomic status families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saliha Baykal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Bozkurt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cansu Çobanoğlu Osmanlı
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Bedia Sultan Önal
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Berkan Şahin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Nur Karadoğan
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Karadağ
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Zehra Hangül
- Zehra HANGÜL, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fethiye Kılıçaslan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Hamza Ayaydın
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Yeniyüzyıl University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Necati Uzun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Esen Yıldırım Demirdöğen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Akıncı
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Öznur Bilaç
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Manisa Celal University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Büber
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ali Evren Tufan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Gülen Güler Aksu
- Associate Professor Doctor, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Hande Ayraler Taner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Akın Sarı
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meryem Özlem Kütük
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana Dr. Turgut Noyan Medical and Research Center, Adana, Turkey
| | - Duygu Kaba
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müge Karaçizmeli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Rabia Kavcıoğlu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Işık Görker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Koray Karabekiroğlu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Finotti G, Menicagli D, Migliorati D, Costantini M, Ferri F. Beyond peripersonal boundaries: insights from crossmodal interactions. Cogn Process 2024; 25:121-132. [PMID: 37656270 PMCID: PMC10827818 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-023-01154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
We experience our self as a body located in space. However, how information about self-location is integrated into multisensory processes underlying the representation of the peripersonal space (PPS), is still unclear. Prior studies showed that the presence of visual information related to oneself modulates the multisensory processes underlying PPS. Here, we used the crossmodal congruency effect (CCE) to test whether this top-down modulation depends on the spatial location of the body-related visual information. Participants responded to tactile events on their bodies while trying to ignore a visual distractor presented on the mirror reflection of their body (Self) either in the peripersonal space (Near) or in the extrapersonal space (Far). We found larger CCE when visual events were presented on the mirror reflection in the peripersonal space, as compared to the extrapersonal space. These results suggest that top-down modulation of the multisensory bodily self is only possible within the PPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Finotti
- Centre for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Via Rasi e Spinelli 176, 47521, Cesena (FC), Italy.
| | - Dario Menicagli
- MOMILab, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy
| | - Daniele Migliorati
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, Associazione di Psicologia Cognitiva, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Costantini
- TEAM Lab, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies - ITAB, Foundation University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferri
- TEAM Lab, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies - ITAB, Foundation University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lavenne-Collot N, Tersiguel M, Dissaux N, Degrez C, Bronsard G, Botbol M, Berthoz A. Self/other distinction in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessed with a double mirror paradigm. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0275018. [PMID: 36928493 PMCID: PMC10019668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self/other distinction (SOD), which refers to the ability to distinguish one's own body, actions, and mental representations from those of others, is an essential skill for effective social interaction. A large body of clinical evidence suggests that disruptions in SOD may be key to social communication deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In particular, egocentric biases have been found in cognitive, affective, behavioural, and motor domains. However, research in this area is scarce and consists of recognition paradigms that have used only static images; these methods may be insufficient for assessing SOD, given the increasing role of embodiment in our understanding of the pathophysiology of ASD. METHOD A single-centre, prospective pilot study was carried out to investigate, for the first time, self-recognition and SOD in seven adolescents with ASD compared with matched, typically developing controls (TDCs) using the "Alter Ego"TM double mirror paradigm. The participants viewed a double mirror in which their own face was gradually morphed into the face of an unfamiliar other (self-to-other sequence) or vice versa (other-to-self sequence); participants were instructed to indicate at which point the morph looked more like their own face than the other's face. Two judgement criteria were used: 1) M1: the threshold at which subjects started to recognize their own face during the other-to-self morphing sequence; 2) M2: the threshold at which subjects started to recognize the other's face during the self-to-other morphing sequence. RESULTS Consistent with the predictions, the results showed that the participants with ASD exhibited earlier self-recognition in the other-to-self sequence and delayed other-recognition in the self-to-other sequence, suggesting an egocentric bias. SOD impairments were also marginally correlated with ASD severity, indicating earlier face recognition in more severely affected individuals. Furthermore, in contrast with that of TDCs, the critical threshold for switching between self and other varied with the direction of morphing in ASD participants. Finally, these differences in face recognition and SOD using mirrors, unlike previous research using static images, support the central place of bodily self-consciousness in SOD impairments. CONCLUSIONS Although additional research is needed to replicate the results of this preliminary study, it revealed the first behavioural evidence of altered SOD in ASD individuals on an embodied, semiecological face-recognition paradigm. Implications for understanding ASD are discussed from a developmental perspective, and new research and therapeutic perspectives are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Lavenne-Collot
- Service de Psychiatrie de L’Enfant et de l ‘Adolescent, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- Laboratoire du traitement de l’information médicale, Inserm U1101, Brest, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Marie Tersiguel
- Service de Psychiatrie de L’Enfant et de l ‘Adolescent, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Nolwenn Dissaux
- Service de Psychiatrie de L’Enfant et de l ‘Adolescent, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Céline Degrez
- Service de Psychiatrie de L’Enfant et de l ‘Adolescent, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Guillaume Bronsard
- Service de Psychiatrie de L’Enfant et de l ‘Adolescent, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- Département de Sciences Humaines et Sociales, EA 7479, EA 3279 (CEReSS, AMU), Brest, France
| | - Michel Botbol
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
- Professeur Emérite de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Alain Berthoz
- Professeur Honoraire au Collège de France, Paris, France
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Biologie (CIRB), Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barbato M, Arora T, Al Hemeiri S, AlJassmi MA. Looking within: Interoceptive sensibility in young adults with psychotic-like experiences. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:1705-1712. [PMID: 33442933 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Interoception is the ability to sense internal bodily changes and research indicates that it may play a role in the development of mental illness. In recent years, preliminary evidence has shown that interoception is impaired in people with psychosis. Interoceptive sensibility, a meta-cognitive aspect of interoception, has never been studied across the psychosis continuum. The present study aimed at assessing interoceptive sensibility in youth with psychotic-like experiences. METHOD We invited a sample of young adults (N = 609; age 19-21 years) to complete an online survey that included a measure of interoceptive sensibility (the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2) and the Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences-Positive Scale -15 (CAPE-P15). Using the recommended cutoff for the CAPE-P15, the overall sample was divided into two groups (high/low risk for psychosis). RESULTS Significant group differences were observed in several dimensions of interoceptive sensibility. A logistic regression analysis indicated that scores in the subscales of Not-Distracting, Not-Worrying, Attention-Regulation, Emotional Awareness, Body Listening, and Trusting significantly predicted increased risk for psychosis. CONCLUSION Abnormal interoceptive sensibility may be a vulnerability marker for psychosis. These results, however, await further validation from additional comprehensive, longitudinal studies. Enhanced interoceptive sensibility has been reported following contemplative training, thus creating opportunities for future interventions to delay or prevent psychotic illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariapaola Barbato
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Teresa Arora
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Maryam A AlJassmi
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Uhlmann L, Pazen M, van Kemenade BM, Kircher T, Straube B. Neural Correlates of Self-other Distinction in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: The Roles of Agency and Hand Identity. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1399-1408. [PMID: 33433625 PMCID: PMC8379550 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are characterized by disturbed self-other distinction. While previous studies associate abnormalities in the sense of agency (ie, the feeling that an action and the resulting sensory consequences are produced by oneself) with disturbed processing in the angular gyrus, passive movement conditions to isolate contributions of motor predictions are lacking. Furthermore, the role of body identity (ie, visual features determining whether a seen body part belongs to oneself) in self-other distinction is unclear. In the current study, fMRI was used to assess the roles of agency and hand identity in self-other distinction. Patients with SSD and healthy controls (HC) performed active and passive hand movements (agency manipulation) while seeing their own or someone else's hand moving in accordance with their action (hand identity manipulation). Variable delays (0-417 ms) between movement and feedback had to be detected. Our results showed overall lower delay detection performances during active than passive conditions; however, these differences were reduced in patients when the own hand was displayed. On a neural level, we found that in HC, activation in the right angular gyrus was modulated by agency and hand identity. In contrast, agency and hand identity revealed no overlapping activation in patients, due to reduced effects of agency. Importantly, HC and SSD patients shared similar effects of hand identity in the angular gyrus. Our results suggest that disturbances of self-other distinction in SSD are particularly driven by agency, while self-other distinction based on hand identity might be spared.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Rudolf-Bultmann-Strasse 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany; tel: +49-6421-58-66883; e-mail:
| | - Mareike Pazen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Bianca M van Kemenade
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany,Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cebolla AM, Cheron G. Understanding Neural Oscillations in the Human Brain: From Movement to Consciousness and Vice Versa. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1930. [PMID: 31507490 PMCID: PMC6718699 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Cebolla
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Cheron
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology and Movement Biomechanics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Université de Mons-Hainaut, Mons, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Keromnes G, Chokron S, Celume MP, Berthoz A, Botbol M, Canitano R, Du Boisgueheneuc F, Jaafari N, Lavenne-Collot N, Martin B, Motillon T, Thirioux B, Scandurra V, Wehrmann M, Ghanizadeh A, Tordjman S. Exploring Self-Consciousness From Self- and Other-Image Recognition in the Mirror: Concepts and Evaluation. Front Psychol 2019; 10:719. [PMID: 31133909 PMCID: PMC6524719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A historical review of the concepts of self-consciousness is presented, highlighting the important role of the body (particularly, body perception but also body action), and the social other in the construction of self-consciousness. More precisely, body perception, especially intermodal sensory perception including kinesthetic perception, is involved in the construction of a sense of self allowing self-other differentiation. Furthermore, the social other, through very early social and emotional interactions, provides meaning to the infant's perception and contributes to the development of his/her symbolization capacities. This is a necessary condition for body image representation and awareness of a permanent self in a time-space continuum (invariant over time and space). Self-image recognition impairments in the mirror are also discussed regarding a comprehensive developmental theory of self-consciousness. Then, a neuropsychological and neurophysiological approach to self-consciousness reviews the role of complex brain activation/integration pathways and the mirror neuron system in self-consciousness. Finally, this article offers new perspectives on self-consciousness evaluation using a double mirror paradigm to study self- and other- image and body recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Keromnes
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Chokron
- Laboratoire de Psychologie de la Perception (LPP), Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8242, Paris, France
| | - Macarena-Paz Celume
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et d’Ergonomie Appliquées (LaPEA), Université Paris Descartes, UMR T7708, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Alain Berthoz
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l’Action, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7152, Paris, France
| | - Michel Botbol
- CHU de Brest – Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Roberto Canitano
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Foucaud Du Boisgueheneuc
- Département de Neurologie, Centre de Mémoire de Ressource et de Recherche, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nemat Jaafari
- Université de Poitiers, Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie à Vocation Régionale Pierre-Deniker du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France
- INSERM U 1084, Experimental and Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Groupement de Recherche, CNRS 3557, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Lavenne-Collot
- CHU de Brest – Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU de Brest, Hôpital de Bohars, Bohars, France
| | - Brice Martin
- Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, Hôpital du Vinatier, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France
| | - Tom Motillon
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Bérangère Thirioux
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l’Action, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7152, Paris, France
- Université de Poitiers, Unité de Recherche Clinique Intersectorielle en Psychiatrie à Vocation Régionale Pierre-Deniker du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France
| | - Valeria Scandurra
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Moritz Wehrmann
- International Research Institute for Cultural Techniques and Media Philosophy, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Weimar, Germany
| | - Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sylvie Tordjman
- Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent (PHUPEA), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie de la Perception (LPP), Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8242, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Poletti M, Raballo A. Uncanny Mirroring: A Developmental Perspective on the Neurocognitive Origins of Self-Disorders in Schizophrenia. Psychopathology 2019; 52:316-325. [PMID: 31822008 DOI: 10.1159/000504676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Varieties of anomalous subjective experiences, i.e. "basic self-disorders" (SDs), have been empirically demonstrated as core clinical features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, predating full-blown psychotic symptoms. However, the clinical stage in which SDs emerge and their putative neurocognitive origins remain unsolved issues. Focusing on a prototypical anomalous mirror experience (i.e., a stable, trait-like subjective feeling of nonexisting while looking at oneself in the mirror) reported by an 11-year-old boy at familial high risk for schizophrenia and diagnosed as attenuated psychosis syndrome, we outline some possible developmental pathways leading to SDs. Such pathways are hypothesized in accordance with the documented early impairments in perceptual integration across distinct modalities in children at risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and to the specific features of mirror experience as provided by phenomenological and developmental psychology perspectives. We conclude that SDs could presumably have an early developmental origin, although children become progressively more aware of them. Although further hypothesis testing in clinical samples and longitudinal empirical investigation of at-risk children is badly needed, we propose that age-appropriate, phenomenologically oriented assessment of SDs could be useful for the early identification of psychotic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCSS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy,
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|