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Jochems PGM, Heming B, Lapin D, Moonen NEL, Van den Ackerveken G, Masereeuw R. Bioengineered intestinal tubules as a tool to test intestinal biological efficacy of lettuce species. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:58. [PMID: 36513685 PMCID: PMC9747904 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most consumed and cultivated vegetables globally. Its breeding is focused on the improvement of yield and disease resistance. However, potential detrimental or beneficial health effects for the consumer are often not targeted in the breeding programs. Here, a bioengineered intestinal tubule was used to assess the intestinal efficacy of extracts from five plant accessions belonging to four Lactuca species. These four species include the domesticated L. sativa, closely related wild species L. serriola, and phylogenetically more distant wild relatives L. saligna and L. virosa. We assessed the epithelial barrier integrity, cell viability, cell attachment, brush border enzyme activity, and immune markers. Extracts from L. sativa cv. Salinas decreased cell attachment and brush border enzyme activity. However, extracts from the non-edible wild species L. saligna and L. virosa reduced the epithelial barrier functions, cell attachment, cell viability, and brush border enzyme activity. Since wild species represent a valuable germplasm pool, the bioengineered intestinal tubules could open ways to evaluate the safety and nutritional properties of the lettuce breeding material originating from crosses with wild Lactuca species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulus G. M. Jochems
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bo Heming
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Lapin
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Translational Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Guido Van den Ackerveken
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Translational Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde Masereeuw
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Dave LA, Hodgkinson SM, Roy NC, Smith NW, McNabb WC. The role of holistic nutritional properties of diets in the assessment of food system and dietary sustainability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-21. [PMID: 34933622 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2012753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Advancing sustainable diets for nutrition security and sustainable development necessitates clear nutrition metrics for measuring nutritional quality of diets. Food composition, nutrient requirements, and dietary intake are among the most common nutrition metrics used in the current assessment of sustainable diets. Broadly, most studies in the area classify animal-source foods (ASF) as having a substantially higher environmental footprint in comparison to plant-source foods (PSF). As a result, much of the current dietary advice promulgates diets containing higher proportions of PSF. However, this generalization is misleading since most of these studies do not distinguish between the gross and bioavailable nutrient fractions in mixed human diets. The bioavailability of essential nutrients including β-carotene, vitamin B-12, iron, zinc, calcium, and indispensable amino acids varies greatly across different diets. The failure to consider bioavailability in sustainability measurements undermines the complementary role that ASF play in achieving nutrition security in vulnerable populations. This article critically reviews the scientific evidence on the holistic nutritional quality of diets and identifies methodological problems that exist in the way the nutritional quality of diets is measured. Finally, we discuss the importance of developing nutrient bioavailability as a requisite nutrition metric to contextualize the environmental impacts of different diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi A Dave
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Nicole C Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nick W Smith
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Warren C McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Sustainable Nutrition Initiative, Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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