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Richter I, Roberts BR, Sailley SF, Sullivan E, Cheung VV, Eales J, Fortnam M, Jontila JB, Maharja C, Nguyen TH, Pahl S, Praptiwi RA, Sugardjito J, Sumeldan JDC, Syazwan WM, Then AY, Austen MC. Building bridges between natural and social science disciplines: a standardized methodology to combine data on ecosystem quality trends. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210487. [PMID: 35574850 PMCID: PMC9108946 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a growing interest in interdisciplinary research, systematic ways of how to integrate data from different disciplines are still scarce. We argue that successful resource management relies on two key data sources: natural science data, which represents ecosystem structure and processes, and social science data, which describes people's perceptions and understanding. Both are vital, mutually complementing information sources that can underpin the development of feasible and effective policies and management interventions. To harvest the added value of combined knowledge, a uniform scaling system is needed. In this paper, we propose a standardized methodology to connect and explore different types of quantitative data from the natural and social sciences reflecting temporal trends in ecosystem quality. We demonstrate this methodology with different types of data such as fisheries stocks and mangrove cover on the one hand and community's perceptions on the other. The example data are collected from three United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Biosphere reserves and one marine park in Southeast Asia. To easily identify patterns of convergence or divergence among the datasets, we propose heat maps using colour codes and icons for language- and education-independent understandability. Finally, we discuss the limitations as well as potential implications for resource management and the accompanying communication strategies. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nurturing resilient marine ecosystems’.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Richter
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK.,Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Trøndelag, Norway
| | - B R Roberts
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - S F Sailley
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - E Sullivan
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - V V Cheung
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - J Eales
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - M Fortnam
- Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - J B Jontila
- College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, the Philippines
| | - C Maharja
- Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Management, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - T Ha Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Work, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - S Pahl
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK.,Urban and Environmental Psychology Group, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - R A Praptiwi
- Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Management, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Biotechnology, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - J Sugardjito
- Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Management, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - J D C Sumeldan
- College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, the Philippines
| | - W M Syazwan
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Built Environment, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Y Then
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M C Austen
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
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Belhabib D, Le Billon P. Fish crimes in the global oceans. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj1927. [PMID: 35319979 PMCID: PMC8942372 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj1927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a global assessment of the linkages between observed fisheries-related offenses across the world's oceans between 2000 and 2020. We analyze data from the largest existing repository with 6853 events reporting offenses across 18 fishing-related categories, including illegal fishing, human rights abuses, and smuggling. We find that at least 33% of all recorded offenses are associated with 450 industrial vessels and 20 companies originating from China, the EU, and tax haven jurisdictions. We observe links between various types of offenses for 779 vessels, with such "transversal criminality" involving 2000 offenses and crimes globally. This study demonstrates the ability to identify offenders and patterns of behaviors threatening fisheries sustainability at a global level and countries most vulnerable to transversal criminality. In light of concerns for widespread underreporting and impunity, we call for greater information sharing, interagency cooperation, and stringent enforcement to bring to account major offenders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyhia Belhabib
- Ecotrust Canada, 312 Main St., Vancouver, BC V6A 2T2, Canada
- Nautical Crime Investigation Services, 777, Queens Rd. West, North Vancouver, BC V7N2L4, Canada
| | - Philippe Le Billon
- Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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