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Richter I, Roberts BR, Sailley SF, Sullivan E, Cheung VV, Eales J, Fortnam M, Jontila JB, Maharja C, Nguyen TH, Pahl S, Praptiwi RA, Sugardjito J, Sumeldan JDC, Syazwan WM, Then AY, Austen MC. Building bridges between natural and social science disciplines: a standardized methodology to combine data on ecosystem quality trends. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210487. [PMID: 35574850 PMCID: PMC9108946 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a growing interest in interdisciplinary research, systematic ways of how to integrate data from different disciplines are still scarce. We argue that successful resource management relies on two key data sources: natural science data, which represents ecosystem structure and processes, and social science data, which describes people's perceptions and understanding. Both are vital, mutually complementing information sources that can underpin the development of feasible and effective policies and management interventions. To harvest the added value of combined knowledge, a uniform scaling system is needed. In this paper, we propose a standardized methodology to connect and explore different types of quantitative data from the natural and social sciences reflecting temporal trends in ecosystem quality. We demonstrate this methodology with different types of data such as fisheries stocks and mangrove cover on the one hand and community's perceptions on the other. The example data are collected from three United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Biosphere reserves and one marine park in Southeast Asia. To easily identify patterns of convergence or divergence among the datasets, we propose heat maps using colour codes and icons for language- and education-independent understandability. Finally, we discuss the limitations as well as potential implications for resource management and the accompanying communication strategies. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nurturing resilient marine ecosystems’.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Richter
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK.,Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Trøndelag, Norway
| | - B R Roberts
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - S F Sailley
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - E Sullivan
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - V V Cheung
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - J Eales
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - M Fortnam
- Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - J B Jontila
- College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, the Philippines
| | - C Maharja
- Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Management, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - T Ha Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Work, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - S Pahl
- School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK.,Urban and Environmental Psychology Group, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - R A Praptiwi
- Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Management, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Biotechnology, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - J Sugardjito
- Centre for Sustainable Energy and Resources Management, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - J D C Sumeldan
- College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa, Palawan, the Philippines
| | - W M Syazwan
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Built Environment, Universitas Esa Unggul, Jakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Y Then
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M C Austen
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
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Payne B, Simmen HP, Csuka E, Hintzpeter M, Pahl S, Brill FHH. Randomized controlled clinical trial on the antiseptic efficacy of polihexanide 0.04% on acute traumatic wounds. J Hosp Infect 2017; 98:429-432. [PMID: 29288775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of wound infections is a challenge in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB, polihexanide) 0.04% on acute traumatic wounds. It was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective trial which included 61 patients. The polihexanide group showed a significant decrease in log10 colony-forming units (cfu) (P < 0.001) after 60 min treatment in comparison to baseline cfu, whereas the Ringer solution group did not show a significant change in cfu during 60 min treatment. Treatment of polihexanide 0.04% resulted in a significant reduction of bacterial load in acute traumatic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Payne
- University Hospital Zürich, Department of Surgery, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - H-P Simmen
- University Hospital Zürich, Department of Surgery, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Csuka
- University Hospital Zürich, Department of Surgery, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Hintzpeter
- B. Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany; Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Pahl
- Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F H H Brill
- Dr. Brill + Partner GmbH, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany.
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Anderson AG, Grose J, Pahl S, Thompson RC, Wyles KJ. Microplastics in personal care products: Exploring perceptions of environmentalists, beauticians and students. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 113:454-460. [PMID: 27836135 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics enter the environment as a result of larger plastic items breaking down ('secondary') and from particles originally manufactured at that size ('primary'). Personal care products are an important contributor of secondary microplastics (typically referred to as 'microbeads'), for example in toothpaste, facial scrubs and soaps. Consumers play an important role in influencing the demand for these products and therefore any associated environmental consequences. Hence we need to understand public perceptions in order to help reduce emissions of microplastics. This study explored awareness of plastic microbeads in personal care products in three groups: environmental activists, trainee beauticians and university students in South West England. Focus groups were run, where participants were shown the quantity of microbeads found in individual high-street personal care products. Qualitative analysis showed that while the environmentalists were originally aware of the issue, it lacked visibility and immediacy for the beauticians and students. Yet when shown the amount of plastic in a range of familiar everyday personal care products, all participants expressed considerable surprise and concern at the quantities and potential impact. Regardless of any perceived level of harm in the environment, the consensus was that their use was unnatural and unnecessary. This research could inform future communications with the public and industry as well as policy initiatives to phase out the use of microbeads.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Anderson
- School of Law, Criminology & Government, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - J Grose
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - S Pahl
- School of Psychology, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
| | - R C Thompson
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre (MBERC), School of Marine Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - K J Wyles
- School of Psychology, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 3DH, United Kingdom; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, United Kingdom
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Droste M, Pahl S, Norkeweit J. Structured education and treatment program for patients with adrenal insufficiency – A pilot project. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Herzog. S, Oberender H, Pahl S. Notizen: Ein Additionsprodukt des Chrom(II)-acetats mit 2.2′-Dipyridyl: Di-acetato-bis-dipyridyl-Chrom(II), [CrDipy2(CH3COO)2]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1963-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Herzog.
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität. Greifswald
| | - H. Oberender
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität. Greifswald
| | - S. Pahl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität. Greifswald
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Pahl S, Pavlova A, Driesen J, Müller J, Pötzsch B, Oldenburg J. In vitrocharacterization of recombinant factor VIII concentrates reveals significant differences in protein content, activity and thrombin activation profile. Haemophilia 2012; 19:392-8. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Pahl
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; University Clinic Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - A. Pavlova
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; University Clinic Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - J. Driesen
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; University Clinic Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - J. Müller
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; University Clinic Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - B. Pötzsch
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; University Clinic Bonn; Bonn; Germany
| | - J. Oldenburg
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine; University Clinic Bonn; Bonn; Germany
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Schlosser B, Stein A, Neuhaus R, Pahl S, Ramez B, Krüger DH, Berg T, Hofmann J. Liver transplant from a donor with occult HEV infection induced chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in the recipient. J Hepatol 2012; 56:500-2. [PMID: 21798217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a self-limiting symptomatic or asymptomatic disease. However, as recently observed, it can manifest itself as chronic hepatitis in patients receiving solid organ transplants as well as in patients with HIV infection or severe hematologic disorders. Here, we describe the clinical course of a 73-year-old male patient in whom HEV transmission occurred after receiving a HEV-infected liver from a donor with occult HEV infection, whereby the patient had tested negative for HEV RNA and anti-HEV antibodies shortly before explantation. Anti-HEV IgG, IgM, and HEV RNA were detected in the first tested serum sample of the liver recipient obtained 150 days after liver transplantation and remained positive (earlier samples after OLT were not available). Liver cirrhosis developed within 15 months and the patient died of septic shock. Based on phylogenetic analyses of the donor and recipient's HEV strains, we were able to prove that the occult HEV infection was transmitted via the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schlosser
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
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Herzog S, Pahl S, Kalies W. Ein Additionsprodukt des Kupfer(II)-acetats mit 2,2′-Dipyridyl: Di-acetato-2,2′-Dipyridyl-Kupfer(II). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19630031016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Herzog S, Oberender H, Pahl S. Ein neues Additionsprodukt des Chrom (II)-acetats: Diacetato-dipyridyl-bis-isopropylamin-chrom (II) [CrDipy(IPA)2(CH3COO)2]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19630030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Delev D, Pahl S, Driesen J, Brondke H, Oldenburg J, Pavlova A. Molecular genetic background of haemophilia A patients with discrepancy between one-stage and two-stage factor VIII assays. Hamostaseologie 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Fritzsche FR, Dahl E, Dankof A, Burkhardt M, Pahl S, Petersen I, Dietel M, Kristiansen G. Expression of AGR2 in non small cell lung cancer. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22:703-8. [PMID: 17455144 DOI: 10.14670/hh-22.703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate immunohistochemically the expression of the human Anterior Gradient-2 (AGR2), a gene which has recently been proposed as an oncogene for lung carcinoma development, in non small cell lung cancer and to correlate the findings to clinico-pathological data including patient survival. 95 cases of NSCLC were immunostained using a polyclonal AGR2 antibody and statistical analyses were applied to test for prognostic and diagnostic associations. AGR2 was expressed in 66.3% of cases, preferentially adenocarcinomas. There were no relevant associations with clinico-pathological parameters. A prognostic value of AGR2 could not be demonstrated neither in multivariate nor in univariate analyses. Interestingly, this is the first study to demonstrate AGR2 expression in squamous cell carcinomas. Although a prognostic value of AGR2 seems unlikely further studies are warranted to investigate the biological role of AGR2 in NSCLC and its differential expression according to histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Fritzsche
- Institute of Pathology, Charité--Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Fritzsche F, Gansukh T, Borgoño CA, Burkhardt M, Pahl S, Mayordomo E, Winzer KJ, Weichert W, Denkert C, Jung K, Stephan C, Dietel M, Diamandis EP, Dahl E, Kristiansen G. Expression of human Kallikrein 14 (KLK14) in breast cancer is associated with higher tumour grades and positive nodal status. Br J Cancer 2006; 94:540-7. [PMID: 16434994 PMCID: PMC2361186 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human kallikrein 14 (KLK14) is a steroid hormone-regulated member of the tissue kallikrein family of serine proteases, for which a prognostic and diagnostic value in breast cancer has been suggested. To further characterise the value of KLK14 as a breast tumour marker, we have carefully analysed KLK14 expression in normal breast tissue and breast cancer both on the RNA level by real-time RT-PCR (n=39), and on the protein level (n=127) using a KLK14-specific antibody for immunohistochemistry. We correlated KLK14 protein expression data with available clinico-pathological parameters (mean follow-up time was 55 months) including patient prognosis. KLK14 RNA expression as quantified by real-time RT-PCR was significantly more abundant in breast tumours compared to normal breast tissue (P=0.027), an issue that had not been clarified recently. Concordantly with the RNA data, cytoplasmic KLK14 protein expression was significantly higher in invasive breast carcinomas compared to normal breast tissues (P=0.003). Furthermore, KLK14 protein expression was associated with higher tumour grade (P=0.041) and positive nodal status (P=0.045) but was not significantly associated with shortened disease-free or overall patient survival time in univariate analyses. We conclude that KLK14 is clearly overexpressed in breast cancer in comparison to normal breast tissues and is positively associated with conventional parameters of tumour aggressiveness, but due to a missing association with survival times, the use of KLK14 immunohistochemistry as a prognostic marker in breast cancer is questionable.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fritzsche
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Gansukh
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C A Borgoño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M Burkhardt
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Pahl
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - E Mayordomo
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K-J Winzer
- Breast Cancer Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Stephan
- Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Dietel
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - E P Diamandis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Dahl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - G Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Breast Cancer Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany. E-mail:
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Burkhardt M, Mayordomo E, Winzer KJ, Fritzsche F, Gansukh T, Pahl S, Weichert W, Denkert C, Guski H, Dietel M, Kristiansen G. Cytoplasmic overexpression of ALCAM is prognostic of disease progression in breast cancer. J Clin Pathol 2006; 59:403-9. [PMID: 16484444 PMCID: PMC1860378 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2005.028209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM, CD166) is a cell surface member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. ALCAM expression has prognostic relevance in prostate and colon cancer. OBJECTIVE To evaluate ALCAM protein expression in breast cancer by immunohistochemistry and to correlate expression levels with clinicopathological data. METHODS 162 primary breast carcinomas with a mean clinical follow up time of 53 months were immunostained using a monoclonal ALCAM antibody. The staining was evaluated as an immunoreactive score (IRS) and grouped into low v high for both membranous and cytoplasmic staining. RESULTS Intraductal and invasive carcinomas showed a higher ALCAM expression (median IRS 4 and 6 respectively) than normal breast tissue (IRS 2). In univariate survival analyses a significant association of high cytoplasmic ALCAM expression with shortened patient disease-free survival (mean (SD) five year non-progression rate, 69.4 (4.6)% v 49.4 (11.1)%, p = 0.0142) was found. In multivariate analyses of disease-free survival times, high cytoplasmic ALCAM expression (relative risk (RR) = 2.086, p = 0.026) and nodal status (RR = 2.246, p = 0.035) were significantly associated with earlier disease progression, whereas tumour grading (RR = 1.6, p = 0.052) was of borderline significance. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that strong cytoplasmic ALCAM expression in primary breast cancer, as detected by immunohistochemistry, might be a new marker for a more aggressive breast cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Burkhardt
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Träger V, Pahl S, Ernst A, Seidl RO. [Submandibular tumor]. HNO 2003; 51:326-7. [PMID: 12755105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Träger
- Klinik für Hals- Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Unfallkrankenhaus, Berlin.
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Seidl RO, Pahl S, Zamani F, Ernst A. [Dysphagia with vomiting. Highly differentiated liposarcoma of the larynx]. HNO 2003; 51:140-1. [PMID: 12625346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R O Seidl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin.
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Seidl RO, Pahl S, Zamani F, Ernst A. [Dysphagia with hoarseness. Acinar cell carcinoma of the larynx]. HNO 2002; 50:1084-5. [PMID: 12599355 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-002-0699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R O Seidl
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin.
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Lothschütz D, Jennewein M, Pahl S, Lausberg HF, Eichler A, Mutschler W, Hanselmann RG, Oberringer M. Polyploidization and centrosome hyperamplification in inflammatory bronchi. Inflamm Res 2002; 51:416-22. [PMID: 12234059 DOI: 10.1007/pl00000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Inflammatory and tumorous bronchi were screened in order to obtain new tumor relevant cytogenetic parameters. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS Bronchial cells of 32 patients were cultivated by standard cell culture procedures. METHODS Tetraploidy and aneuploidy was determined by enumeration of chromosome 7 and 8 versus the number of centrosomes. The resulting data were correlated with histopathological data. RESULTS Tetra- and aneuploidy of epithelial cells were detectable in 76% of tumor cell cultures, 75% of high grade inflammatory tissues and 40% of non- and low grade-inflammatory tissues. Additionally, we observed centrosome hyper-amplification and multipolar mitoses not only in the tumor but also in the early stages of inflammation. CONCLUSION Inflammatory bronchi already show tumor-specific features and may consequently represent the preliminary genetic stage of cancer development in bronchi.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lothschütz
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Ott CE, Skroch E, Steinhart H, Verdorfer I, Pahl S, Iro H, Gebhart E, Bohlender JE. Thin section arrays for I-FISH analysis of chromosome-specific imbalances in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Int J Oncol 2002; 20:623-30. [PMID: 11836579 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.20.3.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin section arrays of 20 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas were studied by I-FISH for gains (including amplification) and losses of specific genomic segments. These arrays allow the examination not only of a number of tumor sections but also of the surrounding margins and of inconspicuous control tissue in one experiment. All tumor sections examined significantly differed from the inconspicuous control tissues by containing more or less extensive cell populations with aberrant signal constitutions. In no case, however, did the aberrant population constitute the whole area of the section. Gains of signals were strikingly more frequent than were losses. All tumors showed significant gains of the segments examined, the highest differences between tumor and control sections were found for the segments 9q34 and 8q24, followed by 5p15.3 and 11q13. Amplifications were most frequently found of 11q13: 8 of the 20 tumors showed amplifications in more than 20% of the nuclei, while no nucleus with more than four signals was found in any of the control tissues (control: 0%). Amplifications of the target sequences on chromosomes 8 (14 tumors) and 9 (8 tumors) were observed in low but significant percentages of nuclei, no significant cell population was detected with an amplification of 5p15.3. Fourteen tumors exhibited a significant loss of 13q14, and only 8 tumors a significant loss at any other site. In the tumor margin sections, in most cases, the margins apparently were also affected by the one or the other of the genomic changes of the pertinent primary tumor. Nevertheless, there were, in some cases, also large differences depending on the way of analysis, but also on the specific signal constitution considered. Tumor stages T3 and T4 tended to have higher frequency of nuclei with gains of 5p15.3, 8q24, and 11q13 as compared to T2 tumors and less gains of 9q34 and loss of 13q14. With the exception of 8q24 and 13q14 alterations there was also a trend to higher percentages of aberrant nuclei in the margin of T3-4 tumors vs. T2 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Ott
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Steinhart H, Bohlender JE, Constantinidis J, Urbschat S, Fischer U, Iro H, Pahl S, Meese E. Genetic imbalances in preinvasive tissue of hypopharynx provide evidence for cytogenetic heterogeneity. Oncol Rep 2001; 8:1229-31. [PMID: 11605038 DOI: 10.3892/or.8.6.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple chromosomal aberrations have been reported in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). But less information is available on specific patterns of chromosomal amplifications which distinguish different areas of head and neck tumors. To elucidate genetic mechanisms causing the aggressive growth and high proliferation of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we performed reverse chromosome painting (RCP) on a total of eight hypopharyngeal SCC including invasive carcinoma and preinvasive tissue. Five hypopharyngeal invasive carcinomas showed amplifications on chromosome 3q. Furthermore, we detected gains on chromosomes 11q and 6p. Compared to the histologically classified preinvasive tissues, we found amplified alterations on chromosome 6p, 11q and 12q, but none of them showed gains on chromosome 3q. This observed heterogeneity in hypopharyngeal SCC might reflect a specific role of chromosome 3q as a late event in the highly invasive capacity of these SCC.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Chromosome Pairing
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
- DNA, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
- Gene Amplification
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/genetics
- Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- H Steinhart
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is a rare malignant tumor, which is generally regarded as low grade. However, rapidly fatal courses do occur. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighteen patients with acinic cell carcinoma were studied retrospectively who had undergone treatment between 1968 and 1997 at the University Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Hospital in Homburg (Saar), Germany and between 1994 and 1997 at the Marienhospital ENT Hospital in Stuttgart, Germany. RESULTS The distribution of the T category (UICC 1997) was as follows: T1 n = 8, T2 n = 7, T3 n = 1, and T4 n = 2). Treatment was exclusively surgical in 14 cases and a combination of surgery and postoperative radiotherapy in 4 cases. The recurrence rate according to Kaplan-Meier was 6% after 3 years and 19% after 5, 10, and 15 years. The survival rate was 87% after 3 years and 73% after 5, 10, and 15 years. None of the 12 patients with low-grade tumors according to Batsakis et al. (1979) died from the tumor, whereas survival at 5 years was only 33% for 6 high-grade tumors (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We recommend complete surgical removal of the tumor, in general by total parotidectomy. Postoperative radiotherapy may be useful in advanced high-grade tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Federspil
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg, Saar.
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Steinhart H, Bohlender J, Iro H, Jung V, Constantinidis J, Gebhart E, Pahl S, Urbschat S. DNA amplification on chromosome 7q in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Int J Oncol 2001; 19:851-5. [PMID: 11562766 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.19.4.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck exhibit a highly variable picture of chromosomal aberrations. In the present study the clearly defined anatomical region of the tongue was analyzed for potentially specific patterns of chromosomal alterations. Fresh tumor samples from 18 patients afflicted by squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue constituted the clinical basis of the present investigation. The tumor samples were analyzed on the basis of comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), a molecular cytogenetic FISH-approach. Gains in DNA copy numbers were detected as the predominant imbalance on chromosomes 7q (9/18), 3q (48/18), 16p (7/18) and 20q (7/18). The regions of minimal overlap on these chromosomes were mapped to 7q11.2q11.3 and 3q26. A conspicuous finding was the frequent detection of amplifications in the 7q11 region. Gains in the 7q region have been rarely reported in CGH studies of tumors derived from different regions of the head and neck. Amplifications on 7q could thus be specifically linked with the tongue region and could correlate with specific clinical factors of this tumor entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Steinhart
- ENT Department, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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24
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Sculean A, Berakdar M, Pahl S, Windisch P, Brecx M, Reich E, Donos N. Patterns of cytokeratin expression in monkey and human periodontium following regenerative and conventional periodontal surgery. J Periodontal Res 2001; 36:260-8. [PMID: 11519700 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.036004260.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The pattern of cytokeratin expression has been extensively described in the normal and inflamed periodontium. However, there is no information regarding the pattern of cytokeratin expression in the periodontium which has been reformed following regenerative periodontal surgery. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the pattern of cytokeratin expression in the reformed human and monkey periodontium following regenerative and conventional periodontal surgery. In 3 monkeys, acute fenestration-type and chronic intrabony defects were treated with guided tissue regeneration (GTR), enamel matrix proteins (EMD), or coronally repositioned flap surgery (control). After a healing period of 5 months, the animals were sacrificed and perfused with 10% buffered formalin for fixation. Specimens containing the defects and surrounding tissues were dissected free, decalcified in EDTA and embedded in paraffin. Histological sections were cut with the microtome set at 3 microm. The sections were alternatively stained either with hematoxylin and eosin, or immunohistochemically by using one of the broad range monoclonal antibodies 34betaE 12 (for cytokeratins 1, 5, 10 and 14) or KL 1 (for cytokeratins 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 16 and 19), or one of the individual monoclonal antibodies LL025 (for cytokeratin 16), DC 10 (for cytokeratin 18), A53-B/A2 (for cytokeratin 19). Twelve patients, each displaying one deep intrabony defect scheduled for extraction due to advanced periodontitis or prosthetic reasons, were treated as described above. Following a healing period of 6 months, the teeth were extracted together with some of their surrounding soft and hard tissues. The histological and immunohistochemical processing of the human biopsies was identical to that described in monkeys. The results revealed that both the normal non-treated (original) monkey and human junctional epithelium stained strongly with all of the monoclonal antibodies used. The reformed junctional epithelium displayed the same cytokeratin expression pattern as the non-treated junctional epithelium. No differences regarding the cytokeratin expression pattern of the junctional epithelium were found between the treatments and types of healing (i.e. regenerative, through a new periodontal ligament, or reparative through a long junctional epithelium). In the intact periodontal ligament, the epithelial rests of Malassez displayed a comparable cytokeratin expression pattern to that of the junctional epithelium. However, no expression of cytokeratins was seen in the newly formed periodontal ligament. In such specimens, cytokeratin expression was observed only until the borderline between the regenerated cementum and the epithelial downgrowth. It was concluded that: a) the reformed junctional epithelium, following any type of surgical procedure, displays a similar pattern of cytokeratin expression to the original junctional epithelium; b) in the newly formed periodontal ligament, no expression of cytokeratins is present; and c) the epithelial rests of Malassez do not seem to reform after regenerative periodontal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sculean
- Department of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.
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25
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Steinhart H, Bohlender J, Pahl S, Steudel WI, Iro H. A second primary intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the sinonasal tract induced by wood dust. Rhinology 2000; 38:204-5. [PMID: 11190758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal type adenocarcinoma of the sinonasal tract is associated with exposure to wood dust. We report the case of an adenocarcinoma tumor of the left sinonasal area diagnosed in 1998. Nineteen years earlier (1979), an intestinal type adenocarcinoma of the right nasal cavity was diagnosed. The first tumor was treated in 1979 surgically followed by postoperative radiotherapy. The second tumor showed the same histological features as an intestinal type adenocarcinoma (papillary type). The patient had a history of a 10 year exposure to wood dust (furniture worker), and the latency time of this patient was 48 years in 1998. We suppose that the tumor of the left side is a second primary intestinal type adenocarcinoma. This case indicates the usefulness of a lifelong follow up of patients with adenocarcinoma of the nose because of the wide range of latency times of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Steinhart
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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26
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Abstract
Orbital pseudotumor is a nonspecific inflammatory process of unknown etiology that can be divided histopathologically into three basic types: granulomatous, lymphoid, and sclerosing. Between 1995 and 1998, 12 patients with pseudotumor orbitae were treated in the ENT Department of the University of Saarland. Histopathological examination showed granulomatous type of pseudotumor in six, lymphoid in three, and sclerosing in three patients. In seven cases the pseudotumor orbitae were medially located and in four cases laterally. In one patient nearly all orbital structures were infiltrated. Diagnostic biopsy was taken endonasally in six cases, via medical orbitotomy in two cases, and via lateral orbitotomy in four cases. Due to their good delimitation lymphoid and sclerosing tumors were extracted completely during diagnostic biopsy and patients were free of complaints after a few weeks. The six patients with granulomatous pseudotumor were treated primarily with steroids after the diagnosis had been definitely confirmed by histology. In three of those six cases a second course of steroid therapy had to be given, with positive results in two cases. Follow-up was between 6 and 28 months (mean 16 months). There were no postoperative complications. The clinical and radiographic presentation of the pseudotumors can vary greatly. Therefore, the differential diagnosis of specific infections or neoplasms can only be established through diagnostic biopsy. Different rhinosurgical approaches provide clear biopsy results and in some cases the pseudotumor is even completely removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Constantinidis
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes, Homburg
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Wirbel
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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28
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Abstract
An odontogenic myxoma of the maxilla with an aggressive clinical course is presented. The tumour arose in a 53-year-old patient, recurred two times after extended maxillectomy and ultimately caused the patient's death by uncontrollable local disease with infiltration of the cranial cavity. Microscopically, the tumour showed histological features of a low grade malignant myxosarcoma with cellular areas, enhanced mitotic activity and nuclear pleomorphism. Cytogenetic analysis revealed an unexpectedly aberrant hypertetraploid chromosome complement, that was considered as incompatible with the usual karyotypic patterns of benign tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pahl
- Department of Pathology, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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29
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Pistorius GA, Hegenauer K, Pahl S, Feifel G. Intrathoracic diverticulum caused by a leiomyoma: a rare case of spontaneous oesophageal rupture. Eur J Surg 2000; 166:426-8. [PMID: 10881960 DOI: 10.1080/110241500750009041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G A Pistorius
- Department of General Surgery, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.
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30
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Abstract
We report the case of a 36-year-old women who was found to have a malignant tumor extending from the side of her right nasal cavity to the nasopharynx. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography were not able to define the primary site of the tumor. Histologic evaluation demonstrated an undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Because of the different treatment concepts for carcinomas of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, we tried to identify the primary site by diagnosing Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, which is associated with carcinoma of the nasopharynx. By using immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction EBV could be identified in the cells of the carcinoma. This showed that the primary site of the tumor was located in the nasopharynx and resulted in the patient being treated with simultaneous radiochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hamadi
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universität Homburg/Saar
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31
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Waldfahrer F, Pahl S, Federspil PA, Iro H. [Hyper-IgE syndrome with ENT manifestations. Overview and case report of successful therapy with high dosage i.v. immunoglobulin]. HNO 1999; 47:1063-8. [PMID: 10654184 DOI: 10.1007/s001060050492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (Hiob syndrome or Buckley syndrome) is a rare disorder of the immune system that can show characteristic manifestations in the head and neck. Typical symptoms are fever, recurrent urticarial rashes, lymphadenitis, and bacterial infections of the skin and various parenchymatous organs. Diagnosis is established by elevated serum IgE concentrations with the absence of any signs of allergy or parasitic disease. We present our clinical experiences in managing of a 29-year old woman whose hyper IgE syndrome was diagnosed initially during of the treatment of lymphatic hyperplasia of the base of the tongue although she had typical symptoms of hyper IgE syndrome for some years. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG) was found to be well-tolerated and effective. More than one year after a single course of immunoglobin therapy symptoms markedly improved. Current knowledge and therapeutic options in hyper IgE syndrome are discussed. We recommend that IVIG be considered as one of the first choices in the treatment of hyper IgE syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Waldfahrer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
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32
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Constantinidis J, Reinhard H, Waldfahrer F, Pahl S. [Interesting case no. 27. Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the petrous bone]. Laryngorhinootologie 1999; 78:470-2. [PMID: 10488470 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-996911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Constantinidis
- Klinik und Poliklinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes
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33
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Rácz A, Brass N, Heckel D, Pahl S, Remberger K, Meese E. Expression analysis of genes at 3q26-q27 involved in frequent amplification in squamous cell lung carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 1999; 35:641-6. [PMID: 10492640 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(98)00419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gene amplifications are known to occur frequently in lung cancer. Recently, we identified gene amplifications at 3q26 in squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC) using reverse chromosome painting. Here, our aim was to analyse the expression of genes which map within the amplified chromosomal region. The genes which were selected for their known function and their potential involvement in tumour development included the genes for ribosomal protein L22 (RPL22), butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE), glucose transporter 2 (SLC2A2), transferrin receptor (TFRC), thrombopoietin (THPO) and the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase catalytic alpha polypeptide (PIK3CA). While five genes were expressed in the majority of the 17 samples of SCC, the gene for the glucose transporter 2 (SLC2A2) was expressed in only three cases, excluding SLC2A2 as the target gene of the amplification unit. For a subset of tumours, we determined the amplification status of the six genes. The TFRC, PIK3CA, BCHE, THPO and SLC2A2 genes were amplified in several cases, whereas the RPL22 gene was amplified in only one case. The combined amplification and expression data of this and our previous studies indicate that the amplified region at 3q26 contains several genes that are transcribed in SCC, providing the possibility that several amplified and functionally important genes at 3q26 may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rácz
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical School, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kuhn
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
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35
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Abstract
Orbital pseudotumor can be divided histopathologically into three basic types: lymphoid, granulomatous and sclerosing. Chronic lymphoid and granulomatous types may eventually transform into the sclerosing type. The calcifying orbital pseudotumor is a very rare disorder due to a chronic, idiopathic inflammatory process of the orbit. The granulomatous type shows a good response to steroids while radiotherapy is the method of choice for lymphoid lesions. In general, calcifying pseudotumors can be treated only by operative exploration and tumor removal. We report a patient with a calcifying pseudotumor of the orbital apex that was removed through an endonasal approach. Preoperative diagnostic procedures and differential diagnosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Constantinidis
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar
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36
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Singer AR, Pahl S, Lang HM, Ruprecht KW. [A familial anterior corneal degeneration: clinical aspects, histopathology and differential diagnosis]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1998; 213:104-7. [PMID: 9782469 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1034955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report on three cases of a progressive anterior corneal degeneration with clinical characteristics of limbal insufficiency occurring in three persons in three consecutive generations of one family. The disease has not yet been described in literature. PATIENTS A woman aged 68, her 51 years old son and his 19 years old son are affected by the disease, which suggests autosomal dominant inheritance. None of the affected family members suffers from any form of collagenosis, endocrine insufficiency, chronic dermatosis, alteration of fat metabolism or other relevant systemic diseases. There is no accompanying disease of lids and conjunctiva except of a keratoconjunctivitis sicca with alteration of the mucin phase. The youngest affected member has a binocular anterior polar cataract. In the eldest affected member we performed penetrating keratoplasty. HISTOPATHOLOGY Revealed thinning of corneal epithelium, moderate intra- and subepithelial granulocytary infiltration, a marked hyaline thickening of Bowman's membrane. The adjacent stroma showed accumulation of granulocytes and an increased number of capillaries and fibroblasts. Posterior stroma, Descemet's membrane and endothelium were normal. There were no goblet cells in the central epithelium. CONCLUSIONS The appearance of the disease in three consecutive generations (strongly suggesting autosomal dominant inheritance) and the progressivity are characteristics of a dystrophical process. Development of a circular pannus and infiltration of epithelium and stroma with granulocytes however classify the disease as a degeneration, clinically and pathologically similar to Salzmann's nodular degeneration and to autosomal dominantly inherited keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Singer
- Universitäts-Augenklinik mit Poliklinik, Homburg/Saar
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37
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Abstract
A rare variant of the cystadenoma of salivary gland origin is presented, which occurred in the parotid of a 36-year-old, otherwise healthy female patient. The tumour showed a dense follicle-containing lymphoid stroma, resembling papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumour). In contrast to that, the epithelial lining gave a more irregular impression and oncocytic metaplasia were completely absent. Light microscopic and immunohistochemical features of the tumour are described and compared with those of classical cystadenoma and papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumour). Other relevant multicystic epithelial parotid lesions, which are commonly associated with a prominent lymphoid component are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pahl
- Department of Pathology, University of Homburg, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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38
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Menzner A, Kujat C, König J, Pahl S, Kramann B. [MRI in testicular diagnosis: differentiation of seminoma, teratoma and inflammation using a statistical score]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 1997; 166:514-21. [PMID: 9273004 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1015469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To differentiate scrotal pathology via MRI by means of a statistical score. METHODS Between 1989 and 1995 MR images of 105 patients with scrotal pathology were rated retrospectively. In 69 cases linear discriminant analysis was used to differentiate seminoma, teratoma and inflammation. Six MRI attributes were found to be necessary and were weighted with a factor according to their importance. These factors were used to build a score. RESULTS Criteria found to be important contained the distribution of the variate extensions of elements inside the pathological area and their maximal and minimal signal intensities. Furthermore, the contrast pattern of the pathological area and the visibility of healthy tissue in the pathological testicle was of importance. Seminoma was found to be homogeneous and well demarcated against healthy tissue. Teratoma was also well defined but characterised by inhomogeneous distribution of signal intensities. Inflammation showed diffuse signal increase of the pathological testicle, especially in T1-sequences. Using the score differentiation between tumors and inflammation succeeded in 94.2% between seminoma and teratoma in 89.7%. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other studies using visual MR image analysis differentiation of scrotal diseases was improved by using a statistical score.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Menzner
- Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kemspintomographie, Universitätskliniken Homburg/Saar
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39
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Abdelhamid S, Müller-Lobeck H, Pahl S, Remberger K, Bönhof JA, Walb D, Röckel A. Prevalence of adrenal and extra-adrenal Conn syndrome in hypertensive patients. Arch Intern Med 1996; 156:1190-5. [PMID: 8639013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism (PA) is caused by an adrenal aldosterone-producing tumor (A-APT) or adrenal hyperplasia. An extra-adrenal APT (E-APT) as a cause of PA has been reported in 5 cases. Autopsy studies show a high incidence of ectopic adrenocortical tissue. We did a prospective study of the prevalence of A-APTs and E-APTs and the biochemical features of E-APTs in patients with PA. METHODS Hypertensive patients (N = 3900) referred to our unit were screened for PA by measuring renin activity, urinary aldosterone-18-glucuronide, tetrahydroaldosterone, and 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OH-B). Primary aldosteronism was found in 257 cases. The differentiation between A-APTs and adrenal hyperplasia was based on the results of postural response of renin, plasma aldosterone, 18-OH-B, computed tomography, isotope scanning, or adrenal venous aldosterone. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen was used to screen for E-APT. RESULTS The cause of PA was bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in 101 cases, unilateral adrenal hyperplasia in 2, an A-APT in 146, and an E-APT in 1. The site of aldosterone production was uncertain in 7 patients who had normal adrenal glands on computed tomography but refused to undergo isotopic scanning and adrenal venous catheterization. Ultrasound examination disclosed normal retroperitoneum in 4 of the 7 cases but could not rule out E-APT in 3 cases. The biochemical features of the patient with the E-APT were similar to classic A-APT, with low renin, high aldosterone, and high 18-OH-B values without appropriate response to posture or to short-term volume expansion. The excision of the E-APT in the right kidney resulted in normalization of blood pressure and renin, aldosterone, and 18-OH-B levels. CONCLUSION Although E-APT is rare, it should be considered in the interests of specific therapy for PA because aldosterone-secreting malignant ovarian tumors also have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdelhamid
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Mainz, Germany
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40
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Abdelhamid S, Lewicka S, Vecsei P, Haack D, Pahl S, Remberger K, Müller-Lobeck H, Bönhof JA, Nensel U, Röckel A. A new subset of mineralocorticoid hypertension with excess of 21-deoxyaldosterone and Kelly's-M1 steroid: clinical and morphological findings. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:737-44. [PMID: 7883826 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.80.3.7883826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ten cases of adrenal adenomas, one case with unilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and another case with apparent bilateral are reported, in whom an alternative pathway of aldosterone via 21-deoxyaldosterone is operative. They all manifested hypertension, low renin activity, low normal potassium values, as well as high urinary excretion rates of 21-deoxyaldosterone and its related metabolite Kelly's-M1 steroid. In all cases, urinary aldosterone metabolites (aldosterone-18-glucuronide and tetrahydroaldosterone) and aldosterone precursor 18-hydroxycorticosterone levels were normal. Hence, the adrenal lesions give rise to hyper-21-deoxyaldosteronism. 21-Deoxyaldosterone is a weak mineralocorticoid, and its elevated production in the presence of normal aldosterone can induce a pathological state of hypermineralocorticoidism. Adrenalectomy resulted in normalization of hypertension in six of eight and amelioration in two of eight cases. Six of seven adenoma cases examined as well as the case of unilateral adrenal hyperplasia were sensitive to ACTH. One of the seven adenomas and, as expected, the case with apparent bilateral hyperplasia were angiotensin responsive. Histologically and electron microscopically, the operated adenomas consisted predominantly of clear cells, characterized by mitochondria with tubulo-vesicular internal structure similar to those of the zona fasciculata (in contrast, our classical Conn's adenoma with normal 21-deoxyaldosterone excretion exhibited a more heterogenous histological appearance and were, in terms of ultrastructure, more similar to cells of the zona glomerulosa). Ultrastructurally and immunocytochemically, the clear cells of 21-deoxyaldosterone adenomas showed features of both the zona glomerulosa and the zona fasciculata and are, hence, considered to be hybrid cells. We conclude that the determination of 21-deoxyaldosterone and Kelly's-M1 should be considered in the diagnosis of mineralocorticoid-induced forms of hypertension, especially when an adrenal adenoma has been detected with an imaging procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abdelhamid
- Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany
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41
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Pahl S, Schmidt HM. [Clinical anatomy of the interosseous arteries of the forearm]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 1994; 26:246-50. [PMID: 7988957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several local flaps have been developed, based on the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries and their anastomoses at the wrist (e.g. posterior interosseous flap, pronator quadratus flap etc.). The anatomy of the arterial network supplying the flap is well established in both clinical and anatomical literature. Most authors agree in the constancy of the anastomoses between the interosseous arteries at the wrist and the absence of major anatomical variations excluding the use of the flap. In the present study, which is based on cadaver dissections of 60 preserved specimens, several gross vascular variations of the interosseous arteries have been found. The most frequent types were an additional anastomosis between the posterior interosseous artery and a perforating branch of the anterior interosseous artery in the middle third of the forearm, which was found in 20%. Ring-formations of the palmar and the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery occurred in 5%. The point of perforation of the interosseous membrane by the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery was found to vary in a larger extent, as described previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pahl
- Anatomischen Institut der Universität Bonn
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