1
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Zhuang B, Zhang M, Li A, Zhang Q, Liu J, Zheng Z, Wang H. Dynamic multicolour tuning in π-conjugated polymers towards flexible electrochromic displays. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 676:670-679. [PMID: 39053414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Multicolour electrochromic materials have been considered as a promising alternative to achieve dynamic full-colour tuning towards next-generation electronic display technology. However, the development of electrochromics with wide colour gamut and subtle multicolour tunability still remains challenging due to inflexible energy level structures in intrinsic active materials. Herein, the electrochromic π-conjugated polymers with rich and subtle colour tunability were designed and developed based on a fine adjustment on the energy level structures. The chromatic transition covers almost full-colour gamut, and each colour scheme has a rich variety of categories stemming from versatile hues, chromas and lightnesses. Moreover, the multicolour π-conjugated polymers also demonstrate superior overall electrochromic performance, including fast switching (∼1.0 s), high colouration efficiency (160.4 cm2 C-1@550 nm) and good reversibility (over 90 % retention after 10,000 cycles). As a proof of concept, ultrathin and flexible prototype devices are developed by utilizing the multicolour π-conjugated polymers as electrochromic active layer, exhibiting a wide colour gamut and highly saturated multicolour tunability. The design principles proposed in this work may also be applicable to diverse optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Meiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Jingbing Liu
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Zilong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
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2
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Wang S, Yin H, Li Y, Du Z, Zhang YM, Zhang SXA. Spectrum Reconstruction Model Based on Multispectral Electrochromic Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400979. [PMID: 38994880 PMCID: PMC11425250 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Reconstructing the visible spectra of real objects is critical to the spectral camouflage from emerging spectral imaging. Electrochromic materials exhibit unique superiority for this goal due to their subtractive color-mixing model and structural diversity. Herein, a simulation model is proposed and a method is developed to fabricate electrochromic devices for dynamically reproducing the visible spectrum of the natural leaf. Over 20 kinds of pH-dependent leuco dyes have been synthesized/prepared through molecular engineering and offered available spectra/bands to reconstruct the spectrum of the natural leaf. More importantly, the spectral variance between the device and leaf is optimized from an initial 98.9 to an ideal 10.3 through the simulation model, which means, the similarity increased nearly nine-fold. As a promising spectrum reconstruction approach, it will promote the development of smart photoelectric materials in adaptive camouflage, spectral display, high-end encryption, and anti-counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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3
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Wang W, Bai Z, Wang B, Yang X, Liu J, Li H, Li Y, Zhang Q, Hou C, Li K, Wang H. Ultralong Bistable, Electrolytic MnO 2-Based, Electrochromic Battery Enabled by Porous, Low-Barrier, Hydroxylated TiO 2 Interface. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2405152. [PMID: 39175383 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202405152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Electrochromic (EC) battery technology shows great potential in future "zero-energy building" by controlling outdoor solar transmission to tune heat gain as well as storing the consumed energy to reuse across other building systems. However, challenges still exist in exploring an electrochemical system to satisfy requirements on both ultra-long optical memory (also called bistability) without continuous power supply and high energy density. Herein, an EC battery is proposed to demonstrate ultra-long bistability (>760 h) based on the reversible deposition and dissolution of manganese oxide (MnO2) without the addition of any mediators. A porous low-barrier hydroxylated titanium dioxide (TiO2) interface is incorporated to synergistically enrich Mn2+-affinity active sites for deposition and effectively reduce the electron transport barrier of MnO2 for dissolution, thereby significantly improving the reversibility, high optical modulation (60.2% at 400 nm), and energy density (352 mAh m-2). The modification strategy is also verified on the cathode-less button cells with a much higher average coulombic efficiency (99.9%) compared to the batteries without the porous hydroxylated TiO2 interface (74.6%). These achievements lay a foundation for advancements in both electrochromism and Zn-Mn aqueous batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Baojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST), Shanghai, 201109, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yaogang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Qinghong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Kerui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Lei C, Guan W, Wu K, Zhang B, Yu G. Bistable Electrochromic Ionogels via Supramolecular Interactions for Energy-Efficient Displays. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403499. [PMID: 38635452 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Bistable electrochromic (EC) materials and systems offer significant potential for building decarbonization through their optical modulation and energy efficiency. However, challenges such as limited design strategies and bottlenecks in cost, fabrication, and color have hindered the full commercialization of energy-saving EC windows and displays, with few materials achieving true bistability. Herein, a novel strategy for designing bistable electrochromic materials is proposed by leveraging supramolecular interactions. These interactions facilitate reversible color transitions, stabilize the colored structure, and enable spatial confinement to inhibit diffusion, thereby achieving bistable electrochromism. The mechanisms and materials underlying these unconventional electrochromic systems are substantiated through detailed characterization. This strategy enables the preparation of low-cost and sustainable transparent electrochromic displays with high performance. Notably, the display information remains clearly visible for more than 2 h without consuming energy. Involving biomass materials and removable device structures also enhances the sustainability and scalability of EC technology applications and development. These results demonstrate the crucial role of supramolecular chemistry in the development of cutting-edge materials for applications such as energy-saving smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Chuxin Lei
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Weixin Guan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kai Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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5
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Rico A, Le Poul P, Rodríguez-López J, Achelle S, Gauthier S. Exploring structural and optical properties of a new series of soft salts based on cyclometalated platinum complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11417-11425. [PMID: 38900145 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01188k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
A series of nine new soft salts based on two platinum(II) complexes, namely ([Pt(C^N)(CN)2]-[Pt(C^N)(en)]+) (en = ethane-1,2-diamine), has been developed and synthesized. Their photophysical properties in both solution and the solid state were described. All soft salt complexes exhibit phosphorescence emission with PLQY in the solid state up to 0.36. Most of these materials displayed aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in water/DMSO solutions as the water ratio increased. Structure-property relationships were analyzed in relation to emission properties. The presence of the free nitrogen atoms in soft salt complexes with a C^N pyrimidine-based ligand allowed for reversible sensitivity to acidic vapors, resulting in the quenching of phosphorescence emission. Additionally, for selected soft salts, we described reversible vapochromism behaviour, making these new materials interesting for multi-detection purposes in anti-counterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Rico
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Pascal Le Poul
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Julián Rodríguez-López
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Área de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sylvain Achelle
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Sébastien Gauthier
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Lv Y, Feng JF, Wang Z, Cai G. A Reversible MnO 2 Deposition-Enabled Multicolor Electrochromic Device with Efficient Tunability of Ultraviolet-Visible Light. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310229. [PMID: 38185752 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrochromic technology offers exciting opportunities for smart applications such as energy-saving and interactive systems. However, achieving dual-band regulation together with the multicolor function is still an unmet challenge for electrochromic devices. Herein, an ingenious electrochromic strategy based on reversible manganese oxide (MnO2) electrodeposition, different from traditional ion intercalation/deintercalation-type electrochromic materials is proposed. Such a deposition/dissolution-based MnO2 brings an intriguing electrochromic feature of dual-band regulation for the ultraviolet (UV) and visible lights with high optical modulation (93.2% and 93.6% at 400 and 550 nm, respectively) and remarkable optical memory. Moreover, a demonstrative smart window assembled by MnO2 and Cu electrodes delivers the electrochromic properties of effective dual-band regulation accompanied by multicolor changes (transparent, yellow, and brown). The robust redox deposition/dissolution process endows the MnO2-based electrochromic device with excellent rate capability and an areal capacity of 570 mAh m-2 at 0.1 mA cm-2. It is believed that the metal oxide-based reversible electrodeposition strategy would be an attractive and promising electrochromic technology and provide a train of thought for the development of multifunctional electrochromic devices and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yiping Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Ji-Fei Feng
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhuanpei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Guofa Cai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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7
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Wang Y, Lei C, Guan W, Shi W, Shen R, Zhang SXA, Yu G. Sustainable, low-cost, high-contrast electrochromic displays via host-guest interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2401060121. [PMID: 38648475 PMCID: PMC11067027 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2401060121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochromic (EC) displays with electronically regulating the transmittance of solar radiation offer the opportunity to increase the energy efficiency of the building and electronic products and improve the comfort and lifestyle of people. Despite the unique merit and vast application potential of EC technologies, long-awaited EC windows and related visual content displays have not been fully commercialized due to unsatisfactory production cost, durability, color, and complex fabrication processes. Here we develop a unique EC strategy and system based on the natural host and guest interactions to address the above issues. A completely reusable and sustainable EC device has been fabricated with potential advantages of extremely low cost, ideal user-/environment friendly property, and excellent optical modulation, which is benefited from the extracted biomass EC materials and reusable transparent electrodes involved in the system. The as-prepared EC window and nonemissive transparent display also show comprehensively excellent properties: high transmittance change (>85%), broad spectra modulation covering Ultraviolet (UV), Visible (Vis) to Infrared (IR) ranges, high durability (no attenuation under UV radiation for more than 1.5 mo), low open voltage (0.9 V), excellent reusability (>1,200 cycles) of the device's key components and reversibility (>4,000 cycles) with a large transmittance change, and pleasant multicolor. It is anticipated that unconventional exploration and design principles of dynamic host-guest interactions can provide unique insight into different energy-saving and sustainable optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Chuxin Lei
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Weixin Guan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Wen Shi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
| | - Ruipeng Shen
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun1130012, China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun1130012, China
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712
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8
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Luo H, Li W, Yuan R, Huang Y, Chen J, Yang L, Chang G. A Heat-Resistant Polymer Based on the Reversible Change in Polymer Skeleton Structure for Self-Anticounterfeiting. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300516. [PMID: 38105320 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Heat-resistant polymer materials have been widely used in many fields, but their anticounterfeit is still a significant challenge. This work has successfully constructed a heat-resistant polymer material that can achieve self-anticounterfeit. In response to changes in the external environment, the color of polymer changes from yellow-green to red reversibly, which is due to the fact that polymer material's backbone undergoes isomerization. Therefore, this high-performance polymer material can not only be used in a high-temperature environment for a long time but also achieve its anticounterfeit and be used in advanced security applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Engineering Technology Center for Insulation Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Wa Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, P. R. China
| | - Rui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Engineering Technology Center for Insulation Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Engineering Technology Center for Insulation Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Junze Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Engineering Technology Center for Insulation Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Guanjun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Engineering Technology Center for Insulation Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
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9
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Liu Q, Liu L, Zheng Y, Li M, Ding B, Diao X, Cheng HM, Tang Y. On-demand engineerable visible spectrum by fine control of electrochemical reactions. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad323. [PMID: 38312377 PMCID: PMC10833456 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tunability of optical performance is one of the key technologies for adaptive optoelectronic applications, such as camouflage clothing, displays, and infrared shielding. High-precision spectral tunability is of great importance for some special applications with on-demand adaptability but remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a galvanostatic control strategy to achieve this goal, relying on the finding of the quantitative correlation between optical properties and electrochemical reactions within materials. An electrochromic electro-optical efficiency index is established to optically fingerprint and precisely identify electrochemical redox reactions in the electrochromic device. Consequently, the charge-transfer process during galvanostatic electrochemical reaction can be quantitatively regulated, permitting precise control over the final optical performance and on-demand adaptability of electrochromic devices as evidenced by an ultralow deviation of <3.0%. These findings not only provide opportunities for future adaptive optoelectronic applications with strict demand on precise spectral tunability but also will promote in situ quantitative research in a wide range of spectroelectrochemistry, electrochemical energy storage, electrocatalysis, and material chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Liu
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yongping Zheng
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Resource, Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Baofu Ding
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xungang Diao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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10
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Huang Y, Ning L, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Gong Q, Zhang Q. Stimuli-fluorochromic smart organic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1090-1166. [PMID: 38193263 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00976e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Smart materials based on stimuli-fluorochromic π-conjugated solids (SFCSs) have aroused significant interest due to their versatile and exciting properties, leading to advanced applications. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in SFCS-based smart materials, expanding beyond organometallic compounds and light-responsive organic luminescent materials, with a discussion on the design strategies, exciting properties and stimuli-fluorochromic mechanisms along with their potential applications in the exciting fields of encryption, sensors, data storage, display, green printing, etc. The review comprehensively covers single-component and multi-component SFCSs as well as their stimuli-fluorochromic behaviors under external stimuli. We also provide insights into current achievements, limitations, and major challenges as well as future opportunities, aiming to inspire further investigation in this field in the near future. We expect this review to inspire more innovative research on SFCSs and their advanced applications so as to promote further development of smart materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Lijian Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Qiuyu Gong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry & Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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11
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Huang Z, Feng L, Xia X, Zhao J, Qi P, Wang Y, Zhou J, Shen L, Zhang S, Zhang X. Advanced inorganic nanomaterials for high-performance electrochromic applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2078-2096. [PMID: 38226722 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05461f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Electrochromic materials and devices with the capability of dynamic optical regulation have attracted considerable attention recently and have shown a variety of potential applications including energy-efficient smart windows, multicolor displays, atuto-diming mirrors, military camouflage, and adaptive thermal management due to the advantages of active control, wide wavelength modulation, and low energy consumption. However, its development still experiences a number of issues such as long response time and inadequate durability. Nanostructuring has demonstrated that it is an effective strategy to improve the electrochromic performance of the materials due to the increased reaction active sites and the reduced ion diffusion distance. Various advanced inorganic nanomaterials with high electrochromic performance have been developed recently, significantly contributing to the development of electrochromic applications. In this review, we systematically introduce and discuss the recent advances in advanced inorganic nanomaterials including zero-, one-, and two-dimensional materials for high-performance electrochromic applications. Finally, we outline the current major challenges and our perspectives for the future development of nanostructured electrochromic materials and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Liping Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xianjie Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Penglu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Junhua Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Laifa Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Shengliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing 210016, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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12
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Liu H, Wang Y, Wang H, Xie H, Li Y, Zou P, Zeng J, Liang T, Qi X. Surface modification of rare earth Sm-doped WO 3 films through polydopamine for enhanced electrochromic energy storage performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 649:510-518. [PMID: 37356152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic materials (ECMs) could exhibit reversible color changes upon application of the external electric field, which exhibits huge application prospects in smart windows, energy storage devices, and displays. For the practical application of ECMs, the fast response speed and long cyclic stability are urgent. In this work, the nanoporous Sm-doped WO3 (WSm) films were constructed using hydrothermal technology, then polydopamine (PDA) was modified on the surface of WSm film to obtain the WSm/Px (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0) hybrid films. WSm/Px hybrid films displayed high optical contrast and large areal capacitance. In addition, in comparison with WSm film, the WSm/Px hybrid films exhibited faster response speed and better cyclic stability because PDA film enhanced the interface ion transport ability and electrochemical structural stability of the nanoporous WSm film. Notably, the WSm/P1.0 hybrid film displayed the colored/bleached times of 7.4/2.9 s, retained 90.2% of the primitive optical contrast (68.5%) after 5000 electrochromic cycles. Furthermore, the areal capacitance of WSm film could be increased by 224% through the modification of the PDA. Therefore, WSm/Px hybrid films are great prospects for electrochromic energy-saving and storage windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China; Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Hengyu Wang
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Haolin Xie
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Yinghan Li
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Peng Zou
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Jinming Zeng
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Tongxiang Liang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Qi
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
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13
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Chen J, Song G, Cong S, Zhao Z. Resonant-Cavity-Enhanced Electrochromic Materials and Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300179. [PMID: 36929668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With rapid advances in optoelectronics, electrochromic materials and devices have received tremendous attentions from both industry and academia for their strong potentials in wearable and portable electronics, displays/billboards, adaptive camouflage, tunable optics, and intelligent devices, etc. However, conventional electrochromic materials and devices typically present some serious limitations such as undesirable dull colors, and long switching time, hindering their deeper development. Optical resonators have been proven to be the most powerful platform for providing strong optical confinement and controllable lightmatter interactions. They generate locally enhanced electromagnetic near-fields that can convert small refractive index changes in electrochromic materials into high-contrast color variations, enabling multicolor or even panchromatic tuning of electrochromic materials. Here, resonant-cavity-enhanced electrochromic materials and devices, an advanced and emerging trend in electrochromics, are reviewed. In this review, w e will focus on the progress in multicolor electrochromic materials and devices based on different types of optical resonators and their advanced and emerging applications, including multichromatic displays, adaptive visible camouflage, visualized energy storage, and applications of multispectral tunability. Among these topics, principles of optical resonators, related materials/devices and multicolor electrochromic properties are comprehensively discussed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects for resonant-cavity-enhanced electrochromic materials and devices are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ge Song
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shan Cong
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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14
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Jiang C, Ge R, Bian C, Chen L, Wang X, Zheng Y, Xu G, Cai G, Xiao X. Multicolored inorganic electrochromic materials: status, challenge, and prospects. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15450-15471. [PMID: 37721398 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03192f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Against the backdrop of advocacy for green and low-carbon development, electrochromism has attracted academic and industrial attention as an intelligent and energy-saving applied technology due to its optical switching behavior and its special principles of operation. Inorganic electrochromic materials, represented by transition metal oxides, are considered candidates for the next generation of large-scale electrochromic applied technologies due to their excellent stability. However, the limited color diversity and low color purity of these materials greatly restrict their development. Starting from the multicolor properties of inorganic electrochromic materials, this review systematically elaborates on recent progress in the aspects of the intrinsic multicolor of electrochromic materials, and structural multicolor based on the interaction between light and microstructure. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of inorganic electrochromic technology in the field of multicolor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Jiang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rui Ge
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chenchen Bian
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lirong Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xingru Wang
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guofa Cai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xiudi Xiao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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15
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Hamo Y, Neudert A, Bendikov T, Lahav M, van der Boom ME. Compositionally Controlled Electron Transfer in Metallo-Organics. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18075-18083. [PMID: 37529898 PMCID: PMC10436274 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate here the assembly of a nanolayer of electrochromic iron complexes on the top of composite layers of cobalt and ruthenium complexes. Depending on the ratio of the latter two complexes, we can tailor materials that show different electron transport pathways, redox activities, and color transitions. No redox activity of the top layer, consisting of iron complexes, is observable when the relative amount of the ruthenium complexes is low in the underlying composite layer because of the insulating properties of the isostructural cobalt complexes. Increasing the amount of ruthenium complexes opens an electron transport channel, resulting in charge storage in both the cobalt and iron complexes. The trapped charges can be chemically released by redox-active ferrocyanide complexes at the film-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Hamo
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alena Neudert
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tatyana Bendikov
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, The Weizmann
Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Lahav
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Milko E. van der Boom
- Department
of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
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16
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Li Y, Sun P, Chen J, Zha X, Tang X, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Cong S, Geng F, Zhao Z. Colorful Electrochromic Displays with High Visual Quality Based on Porous Metamaterials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300116. [PMID: 36921294 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of metamaterials into electrochromic (EC) displays has recently inspired a great breakthrough in the EC field, as this can offer a variety of new attractive features, from a very wide gamut of colors to very fast switching times. However, such metamaterial-based EC displays still face significant constraints when developing from single electrodes to full devices, because other supportive components in devices, such as counter electrodes and electrolytes, significantly affect light propagation and the subsequent perceived color quality in metamaterial-based EC devices. Herein, a new, cost-effective device design structured around a new type of porous metamaterial is reported to circumvent the critical problem in metamaterial-based EC displays. Owing to its unique design, the metamaterial-based EC device achieves good color quality with no drop in brightness or shift in color chromaticity when compared with a single electrode. Moreover, the porous-metamaterial-based EC device can exhibit non-iridescence and be viewed from a wide range of angles (5°-85°) and has fast switching response (2.4 and 2.5 s for coloration and bleaching, respectively), excellent cycling performance (at least 2000 cycles), and extremely low power consumption (4.0 mW cm-2 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowu Li
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Peiyan Sun
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiuling Zha
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Tang
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Shan Cong
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Jiangxi Institute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang, 330200, P. R. China
| | - Fengxia Geng
- College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Key Lab of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
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17
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Tang D, Wang J, Liu XA, Tong Z, Ji H, Qu HY. Low-Spin Fe Redox-Based Prussian Blue with excellent selective dual-band electrochromic modulation and energy-saving applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 636:351-362. [PMID: 36638574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dual-band electrochromic materials (DBEMs) are of utmost importance for smart windows to realize independent control of the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) light. However, very few single-component DBEMs are capable of independently and effectively controlling both VIS and NIR light. Here, we present Prussian blue (PB) with remarkable performance to replace the composite DBEMs that require deliberate design and complicated preparation. Excellent durability and capacity were achieved simultaneously due to the activated low-spin Fe in PB. A dual-band electrochromic device (DBED) by using PB thin films as electrochromic layers was constructed, exhibiting superior dual-band electrochromic performance, energy storage performance and memory effect. We show that the energy-saving DBED can be bleached without applying any external bias potential, and can be colored by using a commercial photovoltaic solar panel under ambient solar irradiation. The stored energy during coloration can be further used to light up the lights. Finally, the coloration mechanism of the DBED was studied by the density functional theory calculations, to shed light on the large optical transmittance modulation in both VIS and NIR regions. The new insights will advance the design of efficient and durable DBEMs and the development of bi-functional smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajiang Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Junxin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Xue-An Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhangfa Tong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hui-Ying Qu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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18
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Lei P, Wang J, Gao Y, Hu C, Zhang S, Tong X, Wang Z, Gao Y, Cai G. An Electrochromic Nickel Phosphate Film for Large-Area Smart Window with Ultra-Large Optical Modulation. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:34. [PMID: 36630017 PMCID: PMC9834494 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-01002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exploring materials with high electrochemical activity is of keen interest for electrochemistry-controlled optical and energy storage devices. However, it remains a great challenge for transition metal oxides to meet this feature due to their low electron conductivity and insufficient reaction sites. Here, we propose a type of transition metal phosphate (NiHPO4·3H2O, NHP) by a facile and scalable electrodeposition method, which can achieve the capability of efficient ion accommodation and injection/extraction for electrochromic energy storage applications. Specifically, the NHP film with an ultra-high transmittance (approach to 100%) achieves a large optical modulation (90.8% at 500 nm), high coloration efficiency (75.4 cm2 C-1 at 500 nm), and a high specific capacity of 47.8 mAh g-1 at 0.4 A g-1. Furthermore, the transformation mechanism of NHP upon electrochemical reaction is systematically elucidated using in situ and ex situ techniques. Ultimately, a large-area electrochromic smart window with 100 cm2 is constructed based on the NHP electrode, displaying superior electrochromic energy storage performance in regulating natural light and storing electrical charges. Our findings may open up new strategies for developing advanced electrochromic energy storage materials and smart windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyang Lei
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingrui Tong
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanpei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guofa Cai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Yang G, Yao Z, Yang X, Xie Y, Duan P, Zhang Y, Zhang SX. A Flexible Circularly Polarized Luminescence Switching Device Based on Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202636. [PMID: 35861377 PMCID: PMC9475559 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) switching devices have been long-awaited due to their promising potential application in wearable optoelectronic devices. However, on account of the few materials and complicated design of manufacturing systems, how to fabricate a flexible electric-field-driven CPL-switching device is still a serious challenge. Herein, a flexible device with multiple optical switching properties (CPL, circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, color) is designed and prepared efficiently based on proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism by optimizing the chiral structure of switching molecule. More importantly, this device can maintain the switching performance even after 300 bending-unbending cycles. It has a remarkable comprehensive performance containing bistable property, low open voltage, and good cycling stability. Then, prototype devices with designed patterns have been fabricated, which opens a new application pattern of CPL-switching materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojian Yang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yao
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceCAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Yigui Xie
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceCAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST)Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
| | - Sean Xiao‐An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012P. R. China
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20
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Spontaneous and field-induced evolutions of 2D patterns in fingerprint chiral textures. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Abstract
![]()
With the rapid development of optoelectronic fields,
electrochromic
(EC) materials and devices have received remarkable attention and
have shown attractive potential for use in emerging wearable and portable
electronics, electronic papers/billboards, see-through displays, and
other new-generation displays, due to the advantages of low power
consumption, easy viewing, flexibility, stretchability, etc. Despite
continuous progress in related fields, determining how to make electrochromics
truly meet the requirements of mature displays (e.g., ideal overall
performance) has been a long-term problem. Therefore, the commercialization
of relevant high-quality products is still in its infancy. In this
review, we will focus on the progress in emerging EC materials and
devices for potential displays, including two mainstream EC display
prototypes (segmented displays and pixel displays) and their commercial
applications. Among these topics, the related materials/devices, EC
performance, construction approaches, and processing techniques are
comprehensively disscussed and reviewed. We also outline the current
barriers with possible solutions and discuss the future of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gu
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-Bo Jia
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhao W, Wang J, Tam B, Pei P, Li F, Xie A, Cheng W. Macroporous Vanadium Oxide Ion Storage Films Enable Fast Switching Speed and High Cycling Stability of Electrochromic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30021-30028. [PMID: 35735221 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compared to the significant effort dedicated toward developing efficient electrochromic materials for the working electrodes of electrochromic (EC) devices, the attention paid to developing ion storage counter electrode materials for EC devices has been trivial. Herein, we report that a macroporous crystalline V2O5 film as an ion storage layer paired with a WO3 working electrode results in an EC device with high performance. The macroporous vanadium oxide films are prepared by a simple template-free photodeposition method that allows us to tune the thickness and crystallinity of the film, thus giving access to a full EC device with optimal EC performance: short response time of about 2 s, high electrochromic cycling stability up to 10,000 times, long memory effect over 24 h, and an exceedingly high coloration efficiency of 189 cm2/C that are superior to the state-of-the-art performance of solution-processed vanadium oxide based EC devices. The extraordinary EC performance can be attributed to the macroporous structure, high crystallinity, and optimized thickness of the vanadium oxide films that boost the charge-balancing capability of the films. The easy and controllable preparation and the efficient charge-balancing capability of the macroporous vanadium oxide film make it a promising ion storage material for developing high-performance EC devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxi Zhao
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Brian Tam
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Peng Pei
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fuzhong Li
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - An Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Applications of Fujian Province, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Xiamen 361005, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Engineering for High Performance Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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23
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Wang B, Huang Y, Han Y, Zhang W, Zhou C, Jiang Q, Chen F, Wu X, Li R, Lyu P, Zhao S, Wang F, Zhang R. A Facile Strategy To Construct Au@V xO 2x+1 Nanoflowers as a Multicolor Electrochromic Material for Adaptive Camouflage. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3713-3720. [PMID: 35471846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are promising inorganic electrochromic materials (ECMs) that can be widely used in electronic displays and adaptive camouflage. However, there are still huge challenges for TMOs to simultaneously achieve multicolor transformation capability and good cycling stability. Herein, we assemble Au-modified (0.01 wt %) VxO2x+1 (x > 2) nanoflowers (Au@VxO2x+1 NFs) composed of two-dimensional porous nanosheets containing two valences states of vanadium (V4+ and V5+). The Au@VxO2x+1 NFs exhibits outstanding electrochromic performance with five reversible color transformations (orange, yellow, green, gray, and blue) at a voltage less than 1.5 V and excellent cycling stability (2000 cycles without significant decay). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a single vanadium oxide ECM, rather than a device, realizes five color changes. This work provides a feasible way for the efficient preparation of multicolor electrochromic TMOs. The newly developed Au@VxO2x+1 NFs demonstrate the potential application in adaptive camouflage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ya Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ying Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wenshuo Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Fengxiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xueke Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Pei Lyu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Siming Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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24
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Yu GH, Yang CL, Zhao HL, Yu AX, Zhang G, Du DY, Su ZM. Mixed-Linker Strategy for the Construction of Metal-Organic Framework Combined with Dyes toward Alcohol Detection. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5318-5325. [PMID: 35302364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a N-rich metal-organic framework (MOF) with four kinds of cages, Zn4(ade)2(TCA)2(H2O) (NENU-1000, Hade = adenine, H3TCA = 4,4',4″-tricarboxytriphenylamine, NENU = Northeast Normal University), was prepared by the mixed-ligand strategy. Cationic dyes can be selectively absorbed by NENU-1000 at proper concentrations, but not neutral and anionic dyes, which perhaps can be assigned to the N-rich neutral framework of NENU-1000. When NENU-1000 was introduced to a relatively lower concentration of cationic dye solutions (e.g., rhodamine B or basic red 2), the colors of these systems faded quickly. Furthermore, the faded solutions can be used for the detection of methanol and other small alcohol molecules with either the naked eye or common UV-vis spectra. The effect of the length of carbon chain, the position of the -OH group, and the number of the hydroxyl group of the alcohols was explored for the color development rate. In addition, the performance of NENU-1000 in iodine sorption and release was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Yu
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Lei Yang
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhao
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Xuan Yu
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Gen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ying Du
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China.,Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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25
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Wang Y, Shen R, Wang S, Zhang YM, Zhang SXA. Dynamic Metal-Ligand Interaction of Synergistic Polymers for Bistable See-Through Electrochromic Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104413. [PMID: 34894163 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bistable electrochromic materials are a promising alternative solution to reduce energy consumption in displays. Limited by the mechanism and lack of a design strategy, only a few electrochromic materials have truly been able achieve bistability. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to design bistable electrochromic materials based on polymer-assisted dynamic metal-ligand coordination. The mechanism and materials of such unconventional electrochromic systems are proved by sufficient characterization. Synergistic stabilization of polymerized switchable dyes and the ionic ligand polymer are attracted to each other by supramolecular forces. The color states of the dye molecules are controlled and stabilized by valence changes of the metal ions. Meanwhile, through the polymerization of the electrochromic material and the nearby metal-ligand material, the metal ions of the electroinduced valence change are tightly fixed, and the related diffusion problem of the active EC component is also almost completely suppressed. This strategy successfully enables preparation of the corresponding transparent electrochromic displays with good performances, such as, the display information is clearly visible for more than 1.5 h without consuming energy. Furthermore, the new way of dynamic coordination or dissociation bistable displays could likely prosper the development of the electrochromic area and inspire other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 1130012, China
| | - Ruipeng Shen
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 1130012, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 1130012, China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 1130012, China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 1130012, China
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26
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Wang Y, Shen G, Tang T, Zeng J, Sagar RUR, Qi X, Liang T. Construction of doped-rare earth (Ce, Eu, Sm, Gd) WO3 porous nanofilm for superior electrochromic and energy storage windows. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Zhou Z. Bistability of a helical filament confined on a cylinder. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:024502. [PMID: 35291070 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.024502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The natural configuration of an intrinsically curved and twisted filament is uniquely a helix so that it can be referred to as a helical filament. We find that confining a helical filament on a cylinder can create a bistable state. When c_{0}R=0.5, where c_{0} is the intrinsic curvature of filament and R is the radius of cylinder, the phase diagram for the stability of a helix contains three regimes. Regime I has a small intrinsic twisting rate (ITR) and exhibits a bistable state which consists of two isoenergic helices. In regime II, the filament has a moderate ITR and the bistable state consists of a metastable low-pitch helix and a stable nonhelix. In regime III, the helix is unstable, owing to a large ITR. A similar phenomenon occurs when c_{0}R∼0.5. Monte Carlo simulation confirms these conclusions and indicates further that there are bistable nonhelices in regime III. This bistable system offers a prospective green material since the wide range of parameters and distinctive configurations for bistable states favor its realization and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Zhou
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, 151 Ying-chuan, Tamsui 25137, Taiwan, ROC
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28
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Murray PD, Cox JH, Chiappini ND, Roos CB, McLoughlin EA, Hejna BG, Nguyen ST, Ripberger HH, Ganley JM, Tsui E, Shin NY, Koronkiewicz B, Qiu G, Knowles RR. Photochemical and Electrochemical Applications of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2017-2291. [PMID: 34813277 PMCID: PMC8796287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present here a review of the photochemical and electrochemical applications of multi-site proton-coupled electron transfer (MS-PCET) in organic synthesis. MS-PCETs are redox mechanisms in which both an electron and a proton are exchanged together, often in a concerted elementary step. As such, MS-PCET can function as a non-classical mechanism for homolytic bond activation, providing opportunities to generate synthetically useful free radical intermediates directly from a wide variety of common organic functional groups. We present an introduction to MS-PCET and a practitioner's guide to reaction design, with an emphasis on the unique energetic and selectivity features that are characteristic of this reaction class. We then present chapters on oxidative N-H, O-H, S-H, and C-H bond homolysis methods, for the generation of the corresponding neutral radical species. Then, chapters for reductive PCET activations involving carbonyl, imine, other X═Y π-systems, and heteroarenes, where neutral ketyl, α-amino, and heteroarene-derived radicals can be generated. Finally, we present chapters on the applications of MS-PCET in asymmetric catalysis and in materials and device applications. Within each chapter, we subdivide by the functional group undergoing homolysis, and thereafter by the type of transformation being promoted. Methods published prior to the end of December 2020 are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip
R. D. Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - James H. Cox
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Chiappini
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Casey B. Roos
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | | | - Benjamin G. Hejna
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Suong T. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Hunter H. Ripberger
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jacob M. Ganley
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Elaine Tsui
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Nick Y. Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Brian Koronkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Guanqi Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Robert R. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton
University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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29
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Du Z, Zhang T, Gai H, Sheng L, Guan Y, Wang X, Qin T, Li M, Wang S, Zhang Y, Nie H, Zhang SX. Multi-Component Collaborative Step-by-Step Coloring Strategy to Achieve High-Performance Light-Responsive Color-Switching. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103309. [PMID: 34802199 PMCID: PMC8805571 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Light-responsive color-switching materials (LCMs) are long-lasting hot fields. However, non-ideal comprehensive performance (such as color contrast and retention time cannot be combined, unsatisfactory repeatability, and non-automated coloring mode) significantly hinder their development toward high-end products. Herein, the development of LCMs that exhibit long retention time, good color contrast, repeatability, and the property of automatic coloring is reported. The realization of this goal stems from the adoption of a bio-inspired multi-component collaborative step-by-step coloring strategy. Under this strategy, a conventional one-step photochromic process is divided into a "light+heat" controlled multi-step process for the fabrication of the desired LCMs. The obtained LCMs can effectively resist the long-troubled ambient-light interference and avoid its inherent yellow background, thereby achieving the longest retention time and good repeatability. Multiple colors are generated and ultra-fast imaging compatible with the laser-printing technology is also realized. The application potential of the materials in short-term reusable identity cards, absorptive readers, billboards, and shelf labels is demonstrated. The results reported herein can potentially help in developing and designing various high-performance, switchable materials that can be used for the production of high-end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Du
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringDongguan University of TechnologyGuangdong523710China
| | - Hanqi Gai
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Lan Sheng
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Yu Guan
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Tianyou Qin
- College of Basic MedicineJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Minjie Li
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Yu‐Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Hui Nie
- College of ChemistryHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China
| | - Sean Xiao‐An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
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30
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He S, Huang F, Wu Q, Zhang P, Xiong Y, Yang J, Zhang R, Wang F, Chen L, Liu TL, Li F. Multiple‐Site Concerted Proton–Electron Transfer in a Manganese‐Based Complete Functional Model for [FeFe]‐Hydrogenase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin He
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - Ying Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University College of Chemistry Logan Utah 84318 USA
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - T. Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University College of Chemistry Logan Utah 84318 USA
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 P. R. China
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31
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He S, Huang F, Wu Q, Zhang P, Xiong Y, Yang J, Zhang R, Wang F, Chen L, Liu TL, Li F. Multiple-Site Concerted Proton-Electron Transfer in a Manganese-Based Complete Functional Model for [FeFe]-Hydrogenase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25839-25845. [PMID: 34595813 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The active site of [FeFe]-hydrogenase (H2 ase) is preorganized with an amine (azadithiolate) as a proton relay and a [4Fe4S] subunit as an electron reservoir, which together lower the overpotential for proton reduction and hydrogen oxidation by multiple-site concerted proton-electron transfer (MS-CPET). Herein, we report a mononuclear manganese complex, fac-[Mn(CO)3 (6-(2-hydroxyphenol)-2-pyridine-2-quinoline) Br] (1), as a rare model to fully mimic the functions of the H2 ase. In 1, a redox-active bidentate ligand with a pendent phenol replicates the roles of the electron reservoir and the proton relay in the enzyme. Experimental and theoretical studies revealed two consecutive MS-CPET processes in the catalytic cycle, in each of which an electron stored in the reductive ligand and a proton at the proximal phenol moiety are transferred to the Mn center in a concerted way. By virtue of this mechanism, complex 1 exhibited a low overpotential comparable to that of natural enzyme in electrochemical hydrogen production using phenol as a proton source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglin He
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University College of Chemistry, Logan, Utah, 84318, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, P. R. China
| | - T Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University College of Chemistry, Logan, Utah, 84318, USA
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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32
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Sheng M, Wang W, Li L, Zhang L, Fu S. All-in-one wearable electronics design: Smart electrochromic liquid-crystal-clad fibers without external electrodes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhang
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
| | - Haizeng Li
- Institute of Frontier & Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - William W. Yu
- Institute of Frontier & Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China
| | - Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi
- Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada
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34
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Li X, Fu S, Miao J, Zhang M, Zhang X. Adjustable color response during plasmon resonance by monochromatic light irradiation. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:4296-4299. [PMID: 34469998 DOI: 10.1364/ol.435405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A combination of plasmonic nanoparticles with a semiconductor is a feasible approach to realize multiple color exhibitions. The phenomenon is based on plasmon-driven charge separation between electrons and metal ions, but suitable only for light excitation with different wavelengths. Here, we introduce a color-adjustable method under monochromatic light irradiation. A smart strategy is proposed to construct sandwich structures of a hydrogel coating layer, thermally deposited Ag nanoparticles, and mesoporous TiO2 matrices. The contacting mode of TiO2 and nano-Ag at the Schottky interface is strongly dependent on the pore morphology of the oxide. Surface and interface plasmon resonances result in sample color switching from cyan to green and from brown to purple, respectively. The color response ability is further controlled by hydrogel coating, besides the exciting light wavelength. This Letter paves a bright way for colorful displays and information encryption.
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35
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Laschuk NO, Ebralidze II, Easton EB, Zenkina OV. Post-Synthetic Color Tuning of the Ultra-Effective and Highly Stable Surface-Confined Electrochromic Monolayer: Shades of Green for Camouflage Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39573-39583. [PMID: 34378920 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report here on the strategy for the preparation of a series of electrochromic (EC) materials in green shades designed for camouflage purposes. This top-down post-synthetic modification provides access to new EC materials by fine modulation of the color of the surface-confined metalorganic monolayer pre-deposited on indium tin oxide screen-printed supports. Selective on-surface N-quaternization of the outer pyridine unit of the EC metal complex covalently embedded onto an enhanced surface area electrode results in a bathochromic shift of the absorbance signal as well as visual color change from blue to different shades of green. When assembled into solid-state EC devices (ECDs), the materials demonstrate high color differences between colored and bleached states and significant differences in optical density. Upon electrochemical switching, the ECDs initially featuring different shades of green become yellowish or clay. The accessible gamut of colors, fulfilling the requirements for chameleon-like camouflage materials, is able to mimic conditions of various natural environments including forests and sands. Notably, ECDs demonstrate high long-term durability (95% retention of the performance after 3300 cycles), fast coloration (0.6-1.1 s), and bleaching (1.2-3.3 s) times and outstanding coloration efficiencies of 1018-1513 cm2/C. Importantly, post-synthetic N-quaternization/color tuning does not deteriorate the performance of the resulting EC materials and devices as judged by cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This work adds to the limited number of reports that explore color tuning of EC molecular layers via on-surface modification with the aim to access new non-symmetric materials. Notably, the facile and straightforward technology presented here allows the creation of green-colored EC materials that are difficult to prepare in other ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia O Laschuk
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech. University, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - Iraklii I Ebralidze
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech. University, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - E Bradley Easton
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech. University, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa L1G 0C5, Canada
| | - Olena V Zenkina
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech. University, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa L1G 0C5, Canada
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Hou X, Wang Z, Pan J, Yan F. Ionic Liquid Electrolyte-Based Switchable Mirror with Fast Response and Improved Durability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:37339-37349. [PMID: 34328716 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically tunable devices based on reversible metal electrodeposition have attracted extensive attention for energy-saving smart windows, information displays, digital signage, and variable reflectance mirrors, owing to their excellent optical modulation characteristics, low operation voltage, and superb electrochemical stability. Here, we study the effects of ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolytes on electrodeposition of the reversible electrochemical mirrors (REMs) by changing the organic cations of the ILs to obtain devices with the desired spectroelectrochemical and electrodeposited properties. Spectroelectrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscopy images show that organic cations drastically affect the switching speed and cycling durability, which we proposed on the basis of the difference in the absorption energies between cations and Ag(111) surfaces. Higher adsorption energy indicates strong adhesion between organic cations and Ag(111) surfaces, and this strong adsorption would prevent aggregation and agglomeration during the nucleation of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs), leading to a denser and more compact electrodeposited Ag film and faster switching speeds (3.3 s for coloring and 14.3 s for bleaching). These findings allow us to fabricate dynamic devices that exhibit reversibly switchable light modulation at fast switching speeds and excellent cycling stability over thousands of cycles without attenuation. The combination of rapid switching and durable cycling stability enables tunable windows, which are based on reversible electrodeposition of metal Ag and IL-based electrolytes, make REM devices a competitive and promising alternative to traditional intelligent response materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhenyong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ji Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Yan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Fu JH, Cui YT, Qin P, Gao J, Ye J, Liu J. Hydrochromic Visualization of a Keggin-Type Structure Triggered by Metallic Fluids for Liquid Displays, Reversible Writing, and Acidic Environment Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36445-36454. [PMID: 34309380 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochromic visualization of a liquid interface shows vital potential applications in liquid displays, reversible writing, and acidic environmental detection, which offers a platform for detection and forewarning due to its intuitive and visual characteristics. Herein, we report a hydrochromic display due to the interfacial effect of liquid metal (LM)-triggered ammonium metatungstate (AMT) with instant dual-mode color switching. The double-electron-transfer reaction of the AMT on the surface of gallium-based LM caused the formation of heteropoly blue in the presence of acidic surroundings, resulting in a reversible color switching from being colorless to blue or blue to colorless. This visual interfacial discoloration phenomenon can be applied to the liquid display on diverse patterns of the LM surface. Furthermore, papers with a functional display were prepared, which can be used for writing up to eight times with dual-mode color switching. In addition, the reactive activity of acid triggering make it a potential candidate for use in visualizing an acidic environment with a detection range of pH = 1 to 0 (0.1-1.5 M). Briefly, this interfacial discoloration phenomenon enriches the interfacial engineering of LM and provides a unique prospective and wide-range platform for the application of LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Heng Fu
- Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun-Tao Cui
- Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianye Gao
- Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiao Ye
- Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of CryoBiomedical Engineering and Key Lab of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Gao Z, Qiu S, Yan F, Zhang S, Wang F, Tian W. Time-encoded bio-fluorochromic supramolecular co-assembly for rewritable security printing. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10041-10047. [PMID: 34377397 PMCID: PMC8317669 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovative fluorescence security technologies for paper-based information are still highly pursued nowadays because data leakage and indelibility have become serious economic and social problems. Herein, we report a novel transient bio-fluorochromic supramolecular co-assembly mediated by a hydrolytic enzyme (ALP: alkaline phosphatase) towards rewritable security printing. A co-assembly based on the designed tetrabranched cationic diethynylanthracene monomer tends to be formed by adding adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the biofuel. The resulting co-assembly possesses a time-encoded bio-fluorochromic feature, upon successively hydrolyzing ATP with ALP and re-adding new batches of ATP. On this basis, the dynamic fluorescent properties of this time-encoded co-assembly system have been successfully enabled in rewritable security patterns via an inkjet printing technique, providing fascinating potential for fluorescence security materials with a biomimetic mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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Sheng M, Li J, Jiang X, Wang C, Li J, Zhang L, Fu S. Biomimetic Solid-Liquid Transition Structural Dye-Doped Liquid Crystal/Phase-Change-Material Microcapsules Designed for Wearable Bistable Electrochromic Fabric. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33282-33290. [PMID: 34227793 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel polymer microcapsule-filled dye-doped liquid crystal (DDLC) and phase-change material (PCM) system inspired by biological materials was first proposed, which was further encapsulated into a calcium alginate substrate by wet spinning for making an electrochromic fiber with both bistable electric-optical capability and knitting characteristics. Results show that the optical appearance of the optimized microcapsules and fiber can be reversibly changed between colored and colorless states according to the electric field by switching the DDLCs between isotropic (I) and anisotropic (A) states. Moreover, both I and A states can remain stable for more than 1 week after removing the electric field, due to the synergy of the greatly increased spatial hindrance of the PCM with core loading of 22.58% and the confinement effect from the polymer microcapsule shell material. Aside from the long-term optical stability, the high content of the densely packed DDLCs also endows the electrochromic fiber with a satisfactory driving voltage of 9.7 V, which is below the human safe voltage, showing great potential in a wide range of applications, such as flexible displays, energy-saving smart windows, and wearable advanced textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaojun Jiang
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jiashuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shaohai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Li J, Li J, Li H, Wang C, Sheng M, Zhang L, Fu S. Bistable Elastic Electrochromic Ionic Gels for Energy-Saving Displays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:27200-27208. [PMID: 34061499 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The diversification of electrochromic materials greatly expands the application fields of electrochromic devices. However, highly flexible electrochromic materials remain challenging due to the inherent limitations associated with the existing electrochromic processes. Inspired by the hydrogen bonding effect in the hydrogel structure, a highly elastic and bistable electrochromic ionic gel based on a hydrogen bonding cross-linking network is prepared by solution polymerization having excellent tensile resilience, uniform coloring, reversible switching (≤24.3 s), maximum transmittance change (≥80%), bistability (54 h), reversibility (>500 cycles), and coloration efficiency (≥85.3 cm2·C-1). This method has been used to develop bistable electrochromic displays. The unconventional exploration of the bistable design principle may provide a new idea for the realization of bistable electrochromic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mingfei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shaohai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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A Self-Bleaching Electrochromic Mirror Based on Metal Organic Frameworks. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112771. [PMID: 34073658 PMCID: PMC8197070 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered to be the most promising positive anode materials to store charge for electrochromic devices. Nevertheless, a detailed mechanism of the electrochemical and ions storage process has not yet been revealed. Herein, the electrochemical mechanism of the highly porous ZIF-67 films and the electrochromic performance of electrochromic mirrors constructed from ZIF-67 and WO3 electrodes were investigated. The mechanism of the charge storage was revealed in the kinetic analysis of the Li-ion behavior based on the cyclic voltammetry curves and electrochemical impedance spectra. Impressively, the electrochromic mirrors with the self-bleaching effect and self-discharge behavior showed a unique electrochromic performance, such as a high coloration efficiency of 16.47 cm2 C−1 and a maximum reflectance modulation of 30.10% at 650 nm. This work provides a fundamental understanding of MOFs for applications in electrochromic devices and can also promote the exploration of novel electrode materials for high-performance reflective electrochromic devices.
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Ma Y, Chen K, Lu J, Shen J, Ma C, Liu S, Zhao Q, Wong WY. Phosphorescent Soft Salt Based on Platinum(II) Complexes: Photophysics, Self-Assembly, Thermochromism, and Anti-counterfeiting Application. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7510-7518. [PMID: 33896189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A new platinum(II) complex-based soft salt S1, ([Pt(tpp)(ed)]+[Pt(pba) (CN)2]-) (tpp = 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridine, ed = ethane-1,2-diamine, pba = 4-(2-pyridyl)benzaldehyde), was designed and synthesized. UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra were studied to elucidate the nature of ground and excited states. The soft salt complex was found to show self-assembly properties with the assistance of electrostatic, π-π stacking, and Pt···Pt interactions, resulting in the remarkable emergence of low-energy absorption and PL bands. Morphological transformation of S1 from undefined nanosized aggregates to nanofibers with different solvent compositions has been demonstrated. Interestingly, a luminescent polymer film was prepared by doping S1 into a polyethylene glycol matrix. The film displayed distinctive emission color change from yellow to red upon heating. Eventually, a high-level anti-counterfeiting application was accomplished using a time-resolved imaging technique based on the thermochromic luminescence property and long emission decay time displayed by S1. It is anticipated that this work can provide deep insights into the control of intermolecular interactions between cationic and anionic complexes of soft salt upon exposure to different external stimuli, resulting in the development of smart luminescent materials for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jiandong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Chenxi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
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Wu W, Fang H, Ma H, Wu L, Wang Q, Wang H. Self-Powered Rewritable Electrochromic Display based on WO 3-x Film with Mechanochemically Synthesized MoO 3-y Nanosheets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20326-20335. [PMID: 33881294 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic displays with bistable color states provide a promising means toward transparent human-machine interfaces. However, the need for external power and the weak optical modulation in the visible light region of most electrochromic devices hinder their practical applications in displays. Here we prepare the MoO3-y/WO3-x films based on MoO3-y nanosheets, which show a dark blue color that matches the response of the eye and meets visual comfort standards compared to pure WO3-x film. By introducing the highly transparent Al3+ ion hydrogel layer, a convenient electrochromic device driven by the internal chemical potential has been designed. The device based on the MoO3-y /WO3-x film exhibits a high optical modulation in the whole visible light range and can operate at self-powered mode with fast response speed and excellent cycle stability. Moreover, we develop an ionic writing board based on the MoO3-y/WO3-x film to surmount the fixed display information issue in conventional electrochromic displays. The ionic writing board exhibits excellent visual display quality and realizes arbitrary writing with a self-powered characteristic. This work provides a simple mechanochemical synthesis procedure of MoO3-y nanosheets and an ingenious design of self-powered electrochromic devices, which will enable the development of next-generation high-performance electrochromic displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Huajing Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Zhang YM, Zhang SXA. Stimuli-Induced Reversible Proton Transfer for Stimuli-Responsive Materials and Devices. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2216-2226. [PMID: 33881840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusStimuli-responsive materials have a great potential in various novel photoelectric devices, such as self-adaptive adjustment devices, intelligent detection, molecular computers with information storage capability, camouflage and anticounterfeiting display, various energy-saving displays, and others. However, progress in related areas has been relatively slow because of the lack of high-performance smart materials and the limitations of available reaction mechanisms currently. To address these problems fundamentally, new mechanisms need to be designed and developed, and learning from nature is an effective and intelligent method to achieve this long-awaited target, such as mimicking of proton transfer processes in nature at the molecular/supramolecular level. The stimuli-induced reversible proton transfer system is composed of materials that release or capture protons in response to stimuli and switch molecules that control color and/or fluorescence modulation by protons, and it is applied in stimuli-responsive materials and devices, including bistable electronic/electrochromic devices, electrofluorochromic devices, water-jet rewritable paper, visible-light-responsive rewritable paper, and mechanochromic materials.To help researchers gain deep insight into stimuli-induced reversible proton transfer, we attempted to summarize its reaction mechanism and design principle, and discuss strategies to design and prepare various related stimuli-responsive materials and devices. This Account discusses the different systems in which a color/fluorescence change is induced by the proton transfer process under various stimuli, including electric field, water, light, heat, and stress. Relative very promising applications as well as their performance especially for energy-saving and environmentally friendly devices are then summarized, such as energy-saving bistable electrochromic devices, water-jet rewritable paper, and visible-light-responsive rewritable paper. Meanwhile, we focus on the key influence factors and useful additives for improving the device's performance. At last, challenges and bottlenecks faced by stimuli-responsive materials and devices based on the mechanism of reversible proton transfer are proposed. Moreover, we put forward some suggestions on solving these limitations.These exciting results reveal that smart materials based on the mechanism of proton transfer are extremely attractive and possess great potential in the next generation of energy and resource saving and environmental protection display. We hope that this Account further prospers the field of intelligent stimuli-responsive discoloration materials and next-generation green displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Bera MK, Ninomiya Y, Higuchi M. Stepwise introduction of three different transition metals in metallo-supramolecular polymer for quad-color electrochromism. Commun Chem 2021; 4:56. [PMID: 36697515 PMCID: PMC9814570 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallo-supramolecular polymers (MSPs) show unique electrochemical and optical properties, that are different to organic polymers, caused by electronic interactions between metals and ligands. For the development of quad-color electrochromic materials, here we report the stepwise introduction of three different transition metal ions into an MSP, utilizing the different complexation abilities of the transition metals. An MSP with Os(II), Ru(II), and Fe(II) (polyOsRuFe) was synthesized via a stepwise synthetic route through the formation of an Os(II) complex first, followed by the introduction of Ru(II) to the Os(II) complex, and finally the attachment of Fe(II) to the Os(II)-Ru(II) complex to produce the polymer. This synthetic procedure was extended to fabricate MSPs that comprised Co(II)/Ru(II)/Os(II) and Zn(II)/Ru(II)/Os(II). The synthesized MSPs showed a broad optical and electrochemical window due to the coupling of three heterometallic segments into the polymer. Introducing acetate anion as the counter anion greatly enhanced the solubility of polyOsRuFe in methanol. A thin film of polyOsRuFe was prepared on ITO/glass by spin-coating the methanol solution, and its reversible quad-color electrochromism was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kumar Bera
- grid.21941.3f0000 0001 0789 6880Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Ninomiya
- grid.21941.3f0000 0001 0789 6880Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Higuchi
- grid.21941.3f0000 0001 0789 6880Electronic Functional Macromolecules Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba Ibaraki, Japan
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Lu L, Wang K, Wu H, Qin A, Tang BZ. Simultaneously achieving high capacity storage and multilevel anti-counterfeiting using electrochromic and electrofluorochromic dual-functional AIE polymers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7058-7065. [PMID: 34123333 PMCID: PMC8153231 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00722j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of the big data era, information storage and security are becoming increasingly important. However, high capacity information storage and multilevel anti-counterfeiting are typically difficult to achieve simultaneously. To address this challenge, herein, two electrochromic and electrofluorochromic dual-functional polymers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics were rationally designed and facilely prepared. Upon applying voltages, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the AIE polymers can undergo reversible changes, accompanied by variation of their color and emission. By utilizing the controllable characteristics of the polymers, dual-mode display devices were fabricated via a simple spraying technique. More interestingly, a four-dimensional color code device was constructed by adding color change multiplexing to the two-dimensional space, thereby achieving high capacity information storage. Moreover, the color code device can also be applied in the multilevel anti-counterfeiting area. The encrypted information can be dynamically converted under different voltages. Thus, the AIE polymers show great promise for applications in multidimensional information storage and dynamic anti-counterfeiting, and the design strategy may provide a new avenue for advanced information storage and high security technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Kaojin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Haozhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, AIE Institute, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong 518172 China
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48
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Wu Y, Xu J, Qin X, Xu J, Liu X. Dynamic upconversion multicolour editing enabled by molecule-assisted opto-electrochemical modulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2022. [PMID: 33795669 PMCID: PMC8016979 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling nonlinear optical signals electrically offers many opportunities for technological developments. Lanthanide-activated nanoparticles have recently emerged as leading platforms for nonlinear upconversion of infra-red excitation within nanometric volumes. However, manipulation of upconversion emission is restricted to varying percentages of component materials, nanocrystal structure, and optical pumping conditions. Here, we report temporal modulation of anti-Stokes luminescence by coupling upconversion nanoparticles with an electrochemically responsive molecule. By electrically tailoring orbital energy levels of the molecules anchored on nanoparticle surfaces, we demonstrate reversible control of molecular absorption, resulting in dynamic colour editing of anti-Stokes luminescence at single-particle resolution. Moreover, we show that a programmable logic gate array based on opto-electrochemical modulation can be constructed to convert information-encrypted electrical signals into visible patterns with millisecond photonic readout. These findings offer insights into precise control of anti-Stokes luminescence, while enabling a host of applications from low-threshold infrared logic switches to multichannel, high-fidelity photonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.
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Zhang Q, Yuan L, Guan F, Li X, Wang R, Xu J, Qin Y, Chen G. Substituent-Adjusted Electrochromic Behavior of Symmetric Viologens. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071702. [PMID: 33808365 PMCID: PMC8036286 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a promising electrochromic material, viologens have attracted increasing attention due to their high redox activity and adjustable electrochromic capability. In order to investigate the effect of alkyl substituents on electrochromic behavior, four alkyl-substituted viologens and a benzyl-substituted viologen were synthesized, namely 1,1′-dioctyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (OV), 1,1′-didekyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (DeV), 1,1′-didodecyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (DoV), 1,1′-dihexadecyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (HV), and 1,1′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dibromide (BV). The different photophysical and electrochemical properties of these viologens were attributed to their deviation in spatial structure caused by different substituents. Compared with benzyl-substituted BV, a slight blueshift occurred for the absorption peaks of alkyl-substituted viologens from 262 to 257 nm with the increase in alkyl chain length. Moreover, the first redox couple increased positively, and the dimerization of the compound decreased gradually, accompanied by the decrease in optical contrast and distinct chromatic difference. A comparison of chromatic and optical contrasts indicated that OV had the longest coloring response time (RTc), while it was shortest for HV. The bleaching response time (RTb) of viologen films gradually decreased with the alkyl chain length, and the OV film had the shortest RTb. Furthermore, when increasing the length of the alkyl chain, the cycling stabilities of alkyl viologens increased gradually. In addition, the OV film exhibited the best contrast after 200 continuous cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (Q.Z.); (L.Y.); (F.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Li Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (Q.Z.); (L.Y.); (F.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Fanglan Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (Q.Z.); (L.Y.); (F.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (Q.Z.); (L.Y.); (F.G.); (R.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (G.C.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (Q.Z.); (L.Y.); (F.G.); (R.W.)
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Yanyan Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Guangming Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (G.C.)
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Wang C, Jiang X, Cui P, Sheng M, Gong X, Zhang L, Fu S. Multicolor and Multistage Response Electrochromic Color-Memory Wearable Smart Textile and Flexible Display. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12313-12321. [PMID: 33655753 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrochromic materials have great application in soft displays and devices, but the application of ideal electrochromic textiles still faces challenges owing to the inconvenience of a continuous power supply. Here, electrochromic color-memory microcapsules (ECM-Ms-red, -yellow, and -blue) with a low drive voltage (2.0 V), coloration efficiency (921.6 cm2 C-1), a practical response rate (34.4 s-1), multistage response discoloration, and good color-memory performance (>72 h) and reversibility (≥1000 cycles) are developed. The color-memory performance is controlled by the energy difference of oxidation-reduction reactions. A multicolor and multistage response electrochromic color-memory wearable smart textile and flexible display are developed that are convenient and energy-efficient for application. The design philosophy of color-memory based on controllable energy difference of reactions has great potential application in sensors and smart textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaojun Jiang
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Mingfei Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaodan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Shaohai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Jiangnan University, Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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