1
|
Ma Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Factors affecting neutrophil functions during sepsis: human microbiome and epigenetics. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:672-688. [PMID: 38734968 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe disease that occurs when the body's immune system reacts excessively to infection. The body's response, which includes an intense antibacterial reaction, can damage its tissues and organs. Neutrophils are the major components of white blood cells in circulation, play a vital role in innate immunity while fighting against infections, and are considered a feature determining sepsis classification. There is a plethora of basic research detailing neutrophil functioning, among which, the study of neutrophil extracellular traps is providing novel insights into mechanisms and treatments of sepsis. This review explores their functions, dysfunctions, and influences in the context of sepsis. The interplay between neutrophils and the human microbiome and the impact of DNA methylation on neutrophil function in sepsis are crucial areas of study. The interaction between neutrophils and the human microbiome is complex, particularly in the context of sepsis, where dysbiosis may occur. We highlight the importance of deciphering neutrophils' functional alterations and their epigenetic features in sepsis because it is critical for defining sepsis endotypes and opening up the possibility for novel diagnostic methods and therapy. Specifically, epigenetic signatures are pivotal since they will provide a novel implication for a sepsis diagnostic method when used in combination with the cell-free DNA. Research is exploring how specific patterns of DNA methylation in neutrophils, detectable in cell-free DNA, could serve as biomarkers for the early detection of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yina Ma
- Department of Urology Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Urology Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Timm MR, Russell SK, Hultgren SJ. Urinary tract infections: pathogenesis, host susceptibility and emerging therapeutics. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01092-4. [PMID: 39251839 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which include any infection of the urethra, bladder or kidneys, account for an estimated 400 million infections and billions of dollars in health-care spending per year. The most common bacterium implicated in UTI is uropathogenic Escherichia coli, but diverse pathogens including Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and even yeast such as Candida species can also cause UTIs. UTIs occur in both women and men and in both healthy and immunocompromised patients. However, certain patient factors predispose to disease: for example, female sex, history of prior UTI, or the presence of a urinary catheter or other urinary tract abnormality. The current clinical paradigm for the treatment of UTIs involves the use of antibiotics. Unfortunately, the efficacy of this approach is dwindling as the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance rises among UTI isolates, and the immense quantity of antibiotics prescribed annually for these infections contributes to the emergence of resistant pathogens. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antibiotics and non-antibiotic treatment and prevention strategies. In this Review, we discuss how recent studies of bacterial pathogenesis, recurrence, persistence, host-pathogen interactions and host susceptibility factors have elucidated new and promising targets for the treatment and prevention of UTIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan R Timm
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Seongmi K Russell
- Department of Paediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott J Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pardo-Rendón AG, Mejía-Méndez JL, López-Mena ER, Bernal-Chávez SA. Development and Evaluation of the Biological Activities of a Plain Mucoadhesive Hydrogel as a Potential Vehicle for Oral Mucosal Drug Delivery. Gels 2024; 10:574. [PMID: 39330176 PMCID: PMC11431386 DOI: 10.3390/gels10090574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop HGs based on cationic guar gum (CGG), polyethylene glycol (PEG), propylene glycol (PG), and citric acid (CA) using a 2k factorial experimental design to optimize their properties. HGs were characterized through FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The biological activities of HGs were determined by evaluating their mucoadhesive capacity and antibacterial activity in vitro, whereas their toxicity was analyzed using Artemia salina nauplii as an in vivo model. Results revealed that HGs were successfully optimized for their viscosity, pH, and sensory properties, and it was observed that varying concentrations of PEG-75 did not influence them. Through SEM analyses, it was noted that increased levels of PEG-75 resulted in HGs with distinct porosity and textures, whereas FTIR and Raman spectroscopy exhibited representative peaks of the raw materials used during the synthesis process. TGA studies indicated the thermal stability of HGs, as they presented degradation patterns at 100 and 300 °C. The synthesized HGs exhibited similar mucoadhesion kinetic profiles, demonstrating a displacement factor at an equilibrium of 0.57 mm/mg at 5 min. The antibacterial activity of HGs was appraised as poor against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria due to their MIC90 values (>500 μg/mL). Regarding A. salina, treatment with HGs neither decreased their viability nor induced morphological changes. The obtained results suggest the suitability of CGG/PEG HGs for oral mucosa drug delivery and expand the knowledge about their mucoadhesive capacity, antibacterial potential, and in vivo biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana G Pardo-Rendón
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jorge L Mejía-Méndez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Puebla, Mexico
- Programa de Edafología, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carr. México Texcoco km 36.4, Montecillo 56230, Mexico
| | - Edgar R López-Mena
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Av. Gral. Ramón Corona No. 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45121, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sergio A Bernal-Chávez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula 72810, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Borrego-Ruiz A, Borrego JJ. Influence of human gut microbiome on the healthy and the neurodegenerative aging. Exp Gerontol 2024; 194:112497. [PMID: 38909763 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health throughout the lifespan by influencing brain function during aging. The microbial diversity of the human gut microbiome decreases during the aging process and, as a consequence, several mechanisms increase, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response, and microbial gut dysbiosis. Moreover, evidence indicates that aging and neurodegeneration are closely related; consequently, the gut microbiome may serve as a novel marker of lifespan in the elderly. In this narrative study, we investigated how the changes in the composition of the gut microbiome that occur in aging influence to various neuropathological disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD); and which are the possible mechanisms that govern the relationship between the gut microbiome and cognitive impairment. In addition, several studies suggest that the gut microbiome may be a potential novel target to improve hallmarks of brain aging and to promote healthy cognition; therefore, current and future therapeutic interventions have been also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA, Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Peng X, Li H. Escherichia coli Activate Extraintestinal Antibody Response and Provide Anti-Infective Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7450. [PMID: 39000557 PMCID: PMC11242715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of intestinal microflora on extraintestinal immune response by intestinal cytokines and metabolites have been documented, but whether intestinal microbes stimulate serum antibody generation is unknown. Here, serum antibodies against 69 outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli, a dominant bacterium in the human intestine, are detected in 141 healthy individuals of varying ages. Antibodies against E. coli outer membrane proteins are determined in all serum samples tested, and frequencies of antibodies to five outer membrane proteins (OmpA, OmpX, TsX, HlpA, and FepA) are close to 100%. Serum antibodies against E. coli outer membrane proteins are further validated by Western blot and bacterial pull-down. Moreover, the present study shows that OstA, HlpA, Tsx, NlpB, OmpC, YfcU, and OmpA provide specific immune protection against pathogenic E. coli, while HlpA and OmpA also exhibit cross-protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection. These finding indicate that intestinal E. coli activate extraintestinal antibody responses and provide anti-infective immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuanxian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Control, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, Liu Y, Hu J, You X, Yang J, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Yang D. Tissue-resident trained immunity in hepatocytes protects against septic liver injury in zebrafish. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114324. [PMID: 38850536 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Trained immunity is classically characterized by long-term functional reprogramming of innate immune cells to combat infectious diseases. Infection-induced organ injury is a common clinical severity phenotype of sepsis. However, whether the induction of trained immunity plays a role in protecting septic organ injury remains largely unknown. Here, through establishing an in vivo β-glucan training and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge model in zebrafish larvae, we observe that induction of trained immunity could inhibit pyroptosis of hepatocytes to alleviate septic liver injury, with an elevated trimethyl-histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) modification that targets mitophagy-related genes. Moreover, we identify a C-type lectin domain receptor in zebrafish, named DrDectin-1, which is revealed as the orchestrator in gating H3K4me3 rewiring-mediated mitophagy activation and alleviating pyroptosis-engaged septic liver injury in vivo. Taken together, our results uncover tissue-resident trained immunity in maintaining liver homeostasis at the whole-animal level and offer an in vivo model to efficiently integrate trained immunity for immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinwei You
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dahai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Diseases, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aitken KJ, Schröder A, Haddad A, Sidler M, Penna F, Fernandez N, Ahmed T, Marino V, Bechbache M, Jiang JX, Tolg C, Bägli DJ. Epigenetic insights to pediatric uropathology: Celebrating the fundamental biology vision of Tony Khoury. J Pediatr Urol 2024; 20 Suppl 1:S43-S57. [PMID: 38944627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many pediatric urology conditions affect putatively normal tissues or appear too commonly to be based solely on specific DNA mutations. Understanding epigenetic mechanisms in pediatric urology, therefore, has many implications that can impact cell and tissue responses to settings, such as environmental and hormonal influences on urethral development, uropathogenic infections, obstructive stimuli, all of which originate externally or extracellularly. Indeed, the cell's response to external stimuli is often mediated epigenetically. In this commentary, we highlight work on the critical role that epigenetic machinery, such as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), Enhancer of Zeste Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit (EZH2), and others play in regulating gene expression and cellular functions in three urological contexts. DESIGN Animal and cellular constructs were used to model clinical pediatric uropathology. The hypertrophy, trabeculation, and fibrosis of the chronically obstructed bladder was explored using smooth muscle cell models employing disorganised vs. normal extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as a new animal model of chronic obstructive bladder disease (COBD) which retains its pathologic features even after bladder de-obstruction. Cell models from human and murine hypospadias or genital tubercles (GT) were used to illustrate developmental responses and epigenetic dependency of key developmental genes. Finally, using bladder urothelial and organoid culture systems, we examined activity of epigenetic machinery in response to non uropathogenic vs. uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC). DNMT and EZH2 expression and function were interrogated in these model systems. RESULTS Disordered ECM exerted a principal mitogenic and epigenetic role for on bladder smooth muscle both in vitro and in CODB in vivo. Key genes, e.g., BDNF and KCNB2 were under epigenetic regulation in actively evolving obstruction and COBD, though each condition showed distinct epigenetic responses. In models of hypospadias, estrogen strongly dysregulated WNT and Hox expression, which was normalized by epigenetic inhibition. Finally, DNA methylation machinery in the urothelium showed specific activation when challenged by uropathogenic E.coli. Similarly, UPEC induces hypermethylation and downregulation of the growth suppressor p16INK4A. Moreover, host cells exposed to UPEC produced secreted factors inducing epigenetic responses transmissible from one affected cell to another without ongoing bacterial presence. DISCUSSION Microenvironmental influences altered epigenetic activity in the three described urologic contexts. Considering that many obstructed bladders continue to display abnormal architecture and dysfunction despite relief of obstruction similar to after resection of posterior valves or BPH, the epigenetic mechanisms described highlight novel approaches for understanding the underlying smooth muscle myopathy of this crucial clinical problem. Similarly, there is evidence for an epigenetic basis of xenoestrogen on development of hypospadias, and UTI-induced pan-urothelial alteration of epigenetic marks and propensity for subsequent (recurrent) UTI. The impact of mechanical, hormonal, infectious triggers on genitourinary epigenetic machinery activity invite novel avenues for targeting epigenetic modifications associated with these non-cancer diseases in urology. This includes the use of deactivated CRISPR-based technologies for precise epigenome targeting and editing. Overall, we underscore the importance of understanding epigenetic regulation in pediatric urology for the development of innovative therapeutic and management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K J Aitken
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; DIYbio Toronto, 1677 St. Clair West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Annette Schröder
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology of the University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
| | - Ahmed Haddad
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Sidler
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Penna
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Fernandez
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tabina Ahmed
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Human Biology Programme, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Marino
- DIYbio Toronto, 1677 St. Clair West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Bechbache
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jia-Xin Jiang
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Human Biology Programme, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cornelia Tolg
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darius J Bägli
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cao R, Thatavarty A, King KY. Forged in the fire: Lasting impacts of inflammation on hematopoietic progenitors. Exp Hematol 2024; 134:104215. [PMID: 38580008 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Quiescence and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) can be modified by systemic inflammatory cues. Such cues can not only yield short-term changes in HSPCs such as in supporting emergency granulopoiesis but can also promote lasting influences on the HSPC compartment. First, inflammation can be a driver for clonal expansion, promoting clonal hematopoiesis for certain mutant clones, reducing overall clonal diversity, and reshaping the composition of the HSPC pool with significant health consequences. Second, inflammation can generate lasting cell-autonomous changes in HSPCs themselves, leading to changes in the epigenetic state, metabolism, and function of downstream innate immune cells. This concept, termed "trained immunity," suggests that inflammatory stimuli can alter subsequent immune responses leading to improved innate immunity or, conversely, autoimmunity. Both of these concepts have major implications in human health. Here we reviewed current literature about the lasting effects of inflammation on the HSPC compartment and opportunities for future advancement in this fast-developing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqiong Cao
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Apoorva Thatavarty
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherine Y King
- Department of Pediatrics - Division of Infectious Disease, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Zhan P, Zhang Q, Li R, Fan H. Staphylococcus aureus acquires resistance to glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin via CXCL10. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111780. [PMID: 38603853 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic available for the infection to Staphylococcus aureus (SA), however, SA has a strong adaptive capacity and thereby acquires resistance to vancomycin. This study aims to illuminate the possible molecular mechanism of vancomycin resistance of SA based on the 16S rRNA sequencing data and microarray profiling data. METHODS 16S rRNA sequencing data of control samples and urinary tract infection samples were retrieved from the EMBL-EBI (European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute) database. Correlation of gut flora and clinical indicators was evaluated. The possible targets regulated by SA were predicted by microarray profiling and subjected to KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis. CXCL10 gene knockout and overexpression were introduced to evaluate the effect of CXCL10 on the virulence of SA and the resistance to vancomycin. SA strains were co-cultured with urethral epithelial cells in vitro. The presence of SA virulence factors was detected using PCR. Biofilm formation of SA strains was assessed using the microtiter plate method. Furthermore, the antibiotic sensitivity of SA strains was evaluated through vancomycin testing. RESULTS Gut flora and its species abundance had significant difference between urinary tract infection and control samples. SA was significantly differentially expressed in urinary tract infection samples. Resistance of SA to vancomycin mainly linked to the D-alanine metabolism pathway. SA may participate in the occurrence of urinary tract infection by upregulating CXCL10. In addition, CXCL10 mainly affected the SA resistance to vancomycin through the TLR signaling pathway. In vitro experimental results further confirmed that the overexpression of CXCL10 in SA increased SA virulence and decreased its susceptibility to vancomycin. In vitro experimental validation demonstrated that the knockout of CXCL10 in urethral epithelial cells enhanced the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) to vancomycin. CONCLUSION SA upregulates the expression of CXCL10 in urethral epithelial cells, thereby activating the TLR signaling pathway and promoting resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics in SA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Ranwei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Haitao Fan
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xing Y, Clark JR, Chang JD, Zulk JJ, Chirman DM, Piedra FA, Vaughan EE, Hernandez Santos HJ, Patras KA, Maresso AW. Progress toward a vaccine for extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) II: efficacy of a toxin-autotransporter dual antigen approach. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0044023. [PMID: 38591882 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00440-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a leading cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality, the top cause of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections, and the most frequent cause of life-threatening sepsis and urinary tract infections (UTI) in adults. The development of an effective and universal vaccine is complicated by this pathogen's pan-genome, its ability to mix and match virulence factors and AMR genes via horizontal gene transfer, an inability to decipher commensal from pathogens, and its intimate association and co-evolution with mammals. Using a pan virulome analysis of >20,000 sequenced E. coli strains, we identified the secreted cytolysin α-hemolysin (HlyA) as a high priority target for vaccine exploration studies. We demonstrate that a catalytically inactive pure form of HlyA, expressed in an autologous host using its own secretion system, is highly immunogenic in a murine host, protects against several forms of ExPEC infection (including lethal bacteremia), and significantly lowers bacterial burdens in multiple organ systems. Interestingly, the combination of a previously reported autotransporter (SinH) with HlyA was notably effective, inducing near complete protection against lethal challenge, including commonly used infection strains ST73 (CFT073) and ST95 (UTI89), as well as a mixture of 10 of the most highly virulent sequence types and strains from our clinical collection. Both HlyA and HlyA-SinH combinations also afforded some protection against UTI89 colonization in a murine UTI model. These findings suggest recombinant, inactive hemolysin and/or its combination with SinH warrant investigation in the development of an E. coli vaccine against invasive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Xing
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Justin R Clark
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James D Chang
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob J Zulk
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dylan M Chirman
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Felipe-Andres Piedra
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ellen E Vaughan
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Haroldo J Hernandez Santos
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kathryn A Patras
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony W Maresso
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- TAILOR Labs, Vaccine Development Group, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang J, Li G, Chen S, Su X, Xu D, Zhai Y, Liu Y, Hu G, Guo C, Yang HB, Occhipinti LG, Hu FX. Machine Learning-Assistant Colorimetric Sensor Arrays for Intelligent and Rapid Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1945-1956. [PMID: 38530950 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which can lead to pyelonephritis, urosepsis, and even death, are among the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide, with a notable increase in treatment costs due to the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens. Current diagnostic strategies for UTIs, such as urine culture and flow cytometry, require time-consuming protocols and expensive equipment. We present here a machine learning-assisted colorimetric sensor array based on recognition of ligand-functionalized Fe single-atom nanozymes (SANs) for the identification of microorganisms at the order, genus, and species levels. Colorimetric sensor arrays are built from the SAN Fe1-NC functionalized with four types of recognition ligands, generating unique microbial identification fingerprints. By integrating the colorimetric sensor arrays with a trained computational classification model, the platform can identify more than 10 microorganisms in UTI urine samples within 1 h. Diagnostic accuracy of up to 97% was achieved in 60 UTI clinical samples, holding great potential for translation into clinical practice applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Ge Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Shihong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaozhi Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging & Interventional Therapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Wenling Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Institute in Medicine, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317502, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Taizhou Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy & Artificial Intelligence, Taizhou Campus of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317502, China
| | - Yueming Zhai
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Guangxuan Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chunxian Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Hong Bin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Luigi G Occhipinti
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, U.K
| | - Fang Xin Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tyagi P, Tyagi S, Stewart L, Glickman S. SWOT and Root Cause Analyses of Antimicrobial Resistance to Oral Antimicrobial Treatment of Cystitis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:328. [PMID: 38667004 PMCID: PMC11047466 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nearly 150 million cases of urinary tract infections (UTIs) are reported each year, of which uncomplicated cystitis triggers > 25% of outpatient prescriptions of oral antimicrobial treatment (OAT). OAT aids immune cells infiltrating the urothelium in eliminating uropathogens capable of invading the urothelium and surviving hyperosmotic urine. This self-evident adaptability of uropathogens and the short interval between the introduction of Penicillin and the first report of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) implicate AMR as an evolutionary conserved heritable trait of mutant strains selected by the Darwinian principle to survive environmental threats through exponential proliferation. Therefore, AMR can only be countered by antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) following the principle of the five Ds-drug, dose, duration, drug route, and de-escalation. While convenient to administer, the onset of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for OAT in urine leaves a window of opportunity for uropathogens to survive the first contact with an antimicrobial and arm their descendant colonies with AMR for surviving subsequent higher urine antimicrobial levels. Meanwhile, the initial dose of intravesical antimicrobial treatment (IAT) may be well above the MIC. Therefore, the widespread clinical use of OAT for cystitis warrants an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity, and threats (SWOTs) and a root cause analysis of the AMR associated with OAT and IAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Tyagi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shachi Tyagi
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shinnick J, Josephs I, Suskin JA, Kurchena K, Pileika L, Darveau S, Scarpaci MM, Carberry C. Antibiotic Duration and UTI Outcomes in Recurrent UTI Patients. UROGYNECOLOGY (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2024:02273501-990000000-00202. [PMID: 38621416 DOI: 10.1097/spv.0000000000001497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Little evidence is available to inform management of acute urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women with recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the proportion of acute UTIs with persistence/relapse or recurrence based on duration of treatment antibiotics (acute UTI guideline-consistent versus extended). STUDY DESIGN A retrospective noninferiority study of women with rUTI was performed at an academic tertiary referral center from January 2016 to December 2020. Exposure was UTI treatment with acute UTI guideline-consistent versus extended antibiotics. Outcomes were persistent/relapsed UTI (subsequent culture with the same pathogen requiring additional antibiotics within 4 weeks), recurrent UTI (culture with different pathogen), or resolution. Sample size was calculated under the null hypothesis that the proportion of acute UTIs with persistence/relapse or recurrence after acute UTI guideline-consistent antibiotics would be within a 10% noninferiority margin of extended duration (α = 0.05, β = 0.20, 2-sided tests, P < 0.05 significant). RESULTS We included 219 patients with 553 acute UTIs. The mean ± SD number of UTIs per patient was 2.53 ± 1.88, the mean ± SD age was 68.60 ± 16.29 years, and the mean ± SD body mass index was 29.73 ± 7 (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared). There were no differences in prior surgical procedures postvoid residual volume, pelvic floor disorders, or preventive treatments between groups. Two-hundred sixty UTIs (260 of 553 [47%]) were treated with acute UTI guideline-consistent antibiotics. Overall, 86 of 553 UTIs (15.6%) persisted/relapsed, and 29 of 553 (5.2%) recurred. The difference in the proportions of UTIs with persistence/relapse or recurrence excluded the noninferiority margin (4.4%; 95% confidence interval, -0.04 to 6.80%). In total, 115 of 553 UTIs (20.8%) had persistence/relapse or recurrence. CONCLUSION In this cohort of patients with rUTI experiencing acute UTIs, acute UTI guideline-consistent duration of antibiotics was noninferior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Shinnick
- From the Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital/Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Isabel Josephs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Hospital System, Durham, NC
| | - Johanna A Suskin
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai-West/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Kathryn Kurchena
- From the Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital/Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Lindsey Pileika
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Spencer Darveau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Matthew M Scarpaci
- Hassenfeld Child Health Innovation Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Cassandra Carberry
- From the Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital/Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Molina JJ, Kohler KN, Gager C, Andersen MJ, Wongso E, Lucas ER, Paik A, Xu W, Donahue DL, Bergeron K, Klim A, Caparon MG, Hultgren SJ, Desai A, Ploplis VA, Flick MJ, Castellino FJ, Flores-Mireles AL. Fibrinolytic-deficiencies predispose hosts to septicemia from a catheter-associated UTI. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2704. [PMID: 38538626 PMCID: PMC10973455 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are amongst the most common nosocomial infections worldwide and are difficult to treat partly due to development of multidrug-resistance from CAUTI-related pathogens. Importantly, CAUTI often leads to secondary bloodstream infections and death. A major challenge is to predict when patients will develop CAUTIs and which populations are at-risk for bloodstream infections. Catheter-induced inflammation promotes fibrinogen (Fg) and fibrin accumulation in the bladder which are exploited as a biofilm formation platform by CAUTI pathogens. Using our established mouse model of CAUTI, here we identified that host populations exhibiting either genetic or acquired fibrinolytic-deficiencies, inducing fibrin deposition in the catheterized bladder, are predisposed to severe CAUTI and septicemia by diverse uropathogens in mono- and poly-microbial infections. Furthermore, here we found that Enterococcus faecalis, a prevalent CAUTI pathogen, uses the secreted protease, SprE, to induce fibrin accumulation and create a niche ideal for growth, biofilm formation, and persistence during CAUTI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Molina
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Kurt N Kohler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Christopher Gager
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Marissa J Andersen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Ellsa Wongso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Lucas
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Andrew Paik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deborah L Donahue
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Karla Bergeron
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Aleksandra Klim
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael G Caparon
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Scott J Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alana Desai
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, 98133-9733, USA
| | - Victoria A Ploplis
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Matthew J Flick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Francis J Castellino
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Ana L Flores-Mireles
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin XQ, Liu ZZ, Zhou CK, Zhang L, Gao Y, Luo XY, Zhang JG, Chen W, Yang YJ. Trained immunity in recurrent Staphylococcus aureus infection promotes bacterial persistence. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011918. [PMID: 38241414 PMCID: PMC10798626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial persister cells, a sub-population of dormant phenotypic variants highly tolerant to antibiotics, present a significant challenge for infection control. Investigating the mechanisms of antibiotic persistence is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. Here, we found a significant association between tolerance frequency and previous infection history in bovine mastitis. Previous S. aureus infection led to S. aureus tolerance to killing by rifampicin in subsequent infection in vivo and in vitro. Actually, the activation of trained immunity contributed to rifampicin persistence of S. aureus in secondary infection, where it reduced the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment and increased disease severity. Mechanically, we found that S. aureus persistence was mediated by the accumulation of fumarate provoked by trained immunity. Combination therapy with metformin and rifampicin promoted eradication of persisters and improved the severity of recurrent S. aureus infection. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the relationship between trained immunity and S. aureus persistence, while providing proof of concept that trained immunity is a therapeutic target in recurrent bacterial infections involving persistent pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qi Lin
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Kai Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yue Luo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Gang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jun Yang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Aghagoli G, Fedulov AV, Shinnick JK. Epigenetics and recurrent urinary tract infections: an update on current research and potential clinical application. Epigenomics 2023; 15:961-964. [PMID: 37905413 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tweetable abstract Exploring uropathogenic E. coli-induced epigenetic changes in uroepithelial cells contributing to recurrent UTIs and potential therapeutic strategies. Understanding these mechanisms could inform novel UTI interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Aghagoli
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Urogynecology & Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Alexey V Fedulov
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Julia K Shinnick
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Urogynecology & Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Women & Infants Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nguyen TTH, Starkey MR. Shining the spotlight on urinary tract immunology. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:563-566. [PMID: 37597761 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa T H Nguyen
- Bladder and Kidney Health Discovery Program, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Malcolm R Starkey
- Bladder and Kidney Health Discovery Program, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kuhn HW, Hreha TN, Hunstad DA. Immune defenses in the urinary tract. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:701-711. [PMID: 37591712 PMCID: PMC10528756 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in preclinical modeling of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have enabled the identification of key facets of the host response that influence pathogen clearance and tissue damage. Here, we review new insights into the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and antimicrobial peptides in innate control of uropathogens and in mammalian infection-related tissue injury and repair. We also discuss novel functions for renal epithelial cells in innate antimicrobial defense. In addition, epigenetic modifications during bacterial cystitis have been implicated in bladder remodeling, conveying susceptibility to recurrent UTI. In total, contemporary work in this arena has better defined host processes that shape UTI susceptibility and severity and might inform the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for acute and recurrent UTI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hunter W Kuhn
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Teri N Hreha
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Hunstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mohanty S, White JK, Brauner A. Epigenetic modifications influence urinary tract infection outcome. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:764-766. [PMID: 37069403 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Kerr White
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annelie Brauner
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
York A. Uropathogenic E. coli creates a memory. Nat Rev Microbiol 2023; 21:345. [PMID: 37059876 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
|