1
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Zhang J, Ye ZW, Townsend DM, Tew KD. Redox pathways in melanoma. Adv Cancer Res 2024; 162:125-143. [PMID: 39069367 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Cases of melanoma are doubling every 12 years, and in stages III and IV, the disease is associated with high mortality rates concomitant with unresectable metastases and therapeutic drug resistance. Despite some advances in treatment success, there is a marked need to understand more about the pathology of the disease. The present review provides an overview of how melanoma cells use and modulate redox pathways to facilitate thiol homeostasis and melanin biosynthesis and describes plausible redox targets that may improve therapeutic approaches in managing malignant disease and metastasis. Melanotic melanoma has some unique characteristics. Making melanin requires a considerable dedication of cellular energy resources and utilizes glutathione and glutathione transferases in certain steps in the biosynthetic pathway. Melanin is an antioxidant but is also functionally important in hematopoiesis and influential in various aspects of host immune responses, giving it unique characteristics. Together with other redox traits that are specific to melanoma, a discussion of possible therapeutic approaches is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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2
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Thompson GB, Gilchrist AE, Lam VM, Nunes AC, Payan BA, Mora-Boza A, Serrano JF, García AJ, Harley BAC. Gelatin maleimide microgels for hematopoietic progenitor cell encapsulation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 38894666 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the apical cells of the hematopoietic system, giving rise to cells of the blood and lymph lineages. HSCs reside primarily within bone marrow niches that contain matrix and cell-derived signals that help inform stem cell fate. Aspects of the bone marrow microenvironment have been captured in vitro by encapsulating cells within hydrogel matrices that mimic native mechanical and biochemical properties. Hydrogel microparticles, or microgels, are increasingly being used to assemble granular biomaterials for cell culture and noninvasive delivery applications. Here, we report the optimization of a gelatin maleimide hydrogel system to create monodisperse gelatin microgels via a flow-focusing microfluidic process. We report characteristic hydrogel stiffness, stability, and swelling characteristics as well as encapsulation of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and mesenchymal stem cells within microgels. Microgels support cell viability, confirming compatibility of the microfluidic encapsulation process with these sensitive bone marrow cell populations. Overall, this work presents a microgel-based gelatin maleimide hydrogel as a foundation for future development of a multicellular artificial bone marrow culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar B Thompson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Aidan E Gilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Vincent M Lam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Alison C Nunes
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Brittany A Payan
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ana Mora-Boza
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering & Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julio F Serrano
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering & Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- George Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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3
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Anderson G, Borooah S, Megaw R, Bagnaninchi P, Weller R, McLeod A, Dhillon B. UVR and RPE - The Good, the Bad and the degenerate Macula. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 100:101233. [PMID: 38135244 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2023.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) has a well-established causative influence within the aetiology of conditions of the skin and the anterior segment of the eye. However, a grounded assessment of the role of UVR within conditions of the retina has been hampered by a historical lack of quantitative, and spectrally resolved, assessment of how UVR impacts upon the retina in terms congruent with contemporary theories of ageing. In this review, we sought to summarise the key findings of research investigating the connection between UVR exposure in retinal cytopathology while identifying necessary avenues for future research which can deliver a deeper understanding of UVR's place within the retinal risk landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Anderson
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Shyamanga Borooah
- Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, UC San Diego, CA, 92093-0946, USA
| | - Roly Megaw
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, EH4 2XU, UK; Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, National Health Service Scotland, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA, UK
| | - Pierre Bagnaninchi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, EH16 4UU, UK; Robert O Curle Eyelab, Instute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Richard Weller
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew McLeod
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, King's Buildings, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Baljean Dhillon
- Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, National Health Service Scotland, Edinburgh, EH3 9HA, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, EH16 4SB, UK; Robert O Curle Eyelab, Instute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 4-5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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4
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Babu S, Chen J, Robitschek E, Baron CS, McConnell A, Wu C, Dedeilia A, Sade-Feldman M, Modhurima R, Manos MP, Chen KY, Cox AM, Ludwig CG, Yang J, Kellis M, Buchbinder EI, Hacohen N, Boland GM, Abraham BJ, Liu D, Zon LI, Insco ML. Specific oncogene activation of the cell of origin in mucosal melanoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.22.590595. [PMID: 38712250 PMCID: PMC11071392 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.22.590595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a deadly cancer derived from mucosal melanocytes. To test the consequences of MM genetics, we developed a zebrafish model in which all melanocytes experienced CCND1 expression and loss of PTEN and TP53. Surprisingly, melanoma only developed from melanocytes lining internal organs, analogous to the location of patient MM. We found that zebrafish MMs had a unique chromatin landscape from cutaneous melanoma. Internal melanocytes could be labeled using a MM-specific transcriptional enhancer. Normal zebrafish internal melanocytes shared a gene expression signature with MMs. Patient and zebrafish MMs have increased migratory neural crest gene and decreased antigen presentation gene expression, consistent with the increased metastatic behavior and decreased immunotherapy sensitivity of MM. Our work suggests the cell state of the originating melanocyte influences the behavior of derived melanomas. Our animal model phenotypically and transcriptionally mimics patient tumors, allowing this model to be used for MM therapeutic discovery.
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5
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Yang Z, Dong R, Mao X, He XC, Li L. Stress-protecting harbors for hematopoietic stem cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 86:102284. [PMID: 37995509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on specialized microenvironments known as niches to maintain their self-renewal and multilineage potential to generate diverse types of blood cells continuously. Over the last two decades, substantial advancements have been made in unraveling the niche cell components and HSC localizations under homeostatic and stressed circumstances. Advances in imaging, combined with the discovery of phenotypic surface markers combinations and single cell sequencing, have greatly facilitated the systematic examination of HSC localizations. This review aims to present a summary of HSC localizations, highlighting potential distinctions between phenotypically and functionally defined HSCs, and explore the functionality of niches in ensuring the integrity and long-term maintenance of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th St., Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Ruochen Dong
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th St., Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Xinjian Mao
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th St., Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Xi C He
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th St., Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Linheng Li
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th St., Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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6
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Zhang N, Lin Z, Wang Z, Zhu S, Chen D, Qi H, Zheng W. Under-Seawater Immersion β-Ga 2O 3 Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Imaging Photodetector with High Photo-to-Dark Current Ratio and Fast Response. ACS NANO 2024; 18:652-661. [PMID: 38100077 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This work displays a photovoltaic solar-blind UV photodetector based on a β-Ga2O3 photoelectrode/simulated seawater (NaCl). The photodetector exhibits extremely high photocurrent (6.70 μA); the responsivity can reach 23.47 mA W-1, and the fastest response rise time is 40 ms under 213 nm illumination at zero bias, the responsivity is 25.10 mA W-1 at 0.8 V, and the photo-to-dark current ratio reaches a maximum of 4663, whose responsivity can be effectively adjusted by changing electrolyte concentration, ensuring a good working stability of this device. In addition, with original seawater as the electrolyte, the detector still achieves a high switching ratio (754) and stable detection under zero bias, demonstrating its capability for practical uses. What's more, we present the capability of the photodetector in seawater imaging. This work provides a method for solar-blind UV detection in seawater, which compensates for the limited detection of most current seawater detectors in the visible band, and can provide certain guidance in the field of seawater detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhuogeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Duanyang Chen
- Research Center of Laser Crystal, Shanghai Institute of Optics and fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Hongji Qi
- Research Center of Laser Crystal, Shanghai Institute of Optics and fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hangzhou 311421, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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7
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Ma L, Zhu Z, Zhang S, Yang R, Liu C, Yu Y, Yang X. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Skin and the Peritoneal Wall Layer of Triplophysa stenura Distributed in High Elevations. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:5. [PMID: 38275726 PMCID: PMC10812932 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
A total of 81,868 All-Unigenes were sequenced and assembled by the transcriptome in the dorsal skin, the lateral skin, and the peritoneal wall layer of Triplophysa stenura with a total assembly length of 123,827,585 bp, and 68,750 unigenes were annotated to seven functional databases. A total of 588 DEGs were screened between the dorsal and lateral skin, 17,097 DEGs were screened between the dorsal skin and the peritoneal wall layer, and 16,598 DEGs were screened between the lateral skin and the peritoneal wall layer. Most of DEGs in three tissues were annotated to GO terms related to cellular structures, binding, cellular processes, and catalytic activity. They were also annotated to KEGG pathways such as the MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, melanogenesis, tyrosine metabolism, and cell cycle. A total of twenty-three DEGs were found to be enriched in the melanin synthesis pathway by a local Blast comparison, of which nine DEGs were significantly upregulated in the peritoneal wall layer and six DEGs were significantly upregulated in the dorsal and lateral skin. The results suggest that these genes may be associated with the molecular mechanism of melanin synthesis in T. stenura, and the differential regulation of genes may be related to the differences in UVR intensity and tissue sites of melanin synthesis. Further investigation is needed on how these genes specifically regulate melanin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (R.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Zhen Zhu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (R.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.)
- Hubei Vocational College of Bio-Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shanzhong Zhang
- Hechuan Campus, Sichuan Fisheries School, Hechuan, Chongqing 401520, China;
| | - Ruibin Yang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (R.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Chen Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (R.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yongyao Yu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (R.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xuefen Yang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.M.); (Z.Z.); (R.Y.); (C.L.); (Y.Y.)
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8
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Wiener SV. Effects of the environment on the evolution of the vertebrate urinary tract. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:719-738. [PMID: 37443264 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Evolution of the vertebrate urinary system occurs in response to numerous selective pressures, which have been incompletely characterized. Developing research into urinary evolution led to the occurrence of clinical applications and insights in paediatric urology, reproductive medicine, urolithiasis and other domains. Each nephron segment and urinary organ has functions that can be contextualized within an evolutionary framework. For example, the structure and function of the glomerulus and proximal tubule are highly conserved, enabling blood cells and proteins to be retained, and facilitating the elimination of oceanic Ca+ and Mg+. Urea emerged as an osmotic mediator during evolution, as cells of large organisms required increased precision in the internal regulation of salinity and solutes. As the first vertebrates moved from water to land, acid-base regulation was shifted from gills to skin and kidneys in amphibians. In reptiles and birds, solute regulation no longer occurred through the skin but through nasal salt glands and post-renally, within the cloaca and the rectum. In placental mammals, nasal salt glands are absent and the rectum and urinary tracts became separate, which limited post-renal urine concentration and led to the necessity of a kidney capable of high urine concentration. Considering the evolutionary and environmental selective pressures that have contributed to renal evolution can help to gain an increased understanding of renal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott V Wiener
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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9
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Gale RP, Welsh J, Karam PA. Why are haematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow: ontology recapitulates phylogeny. Leukemia 2023; 37:1779-1781. [PMID: 37516786 PMCID: PMC10457178 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Peter Gale
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK.
| | - James Welsh
- Loyola University School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - P Andrew Karam
- US Department of Homeland Security, National Urban Security Technology Laboratory, New York City, NY, USA
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10
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Rice MC, Little JH, Forrister DL, Machado J, Clark NL, Gagnon JA. Gadusol is a maternally provided sunscreen that protects fish embryos from DNA damage. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3229-3237.e4. [PMID: 37369210 PMCID: PMC10528378 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is harmful to living cells, leading organisms to evolve protective mechanisms against UVR-induced cellular damage and stress.1,2 UVR, particularly UVB (280-320 nm), can damage proteins and DNA, leading to errors during DNA repair and replication. Excessive UVR can induce cellular death. Aquatic organisms face risk of UV exposure as biologically harmful levels of UVB can penetrate >10 m in clear water.3 While melanin is the only known sunscreen in vertebrates, it often emerges late in embryonic development, rendering embryos of many species vulnerable during the earlier stages. Algae and microbes produce a class of sunscreening compounds known as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs).4 Fish eggs contain a similar compound called gadusol, whose role as a sunscreen has yet to be tested despite its discovery over 40 years ago.5 The recent finding that many vertebrate genomes contain a biosynthetic pathway for gadusol suggests that many fish may produce and use this molecule as a sunscreen.6 We generated a gadusol-deficient mutant zebrafish to investigate the role of gadusol in protecting fish embryos and larvae from UVR. Our results demonstrate that maternally provided gadusol is the primary sunscreen in embryonic and larval development, while melanin provides modest secondary protection. The gadusol biosynthetic pathway is retained in the vast majority of teleost genomes but is repeatedly lost in species whose young are no longer exposed to UVR. Our data demonstrate that gadusol is a maternally provided sunscreen that is critical for early-life survival in the most species-rich branch of the vertebrate phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen C Rice
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jordan H Little
- Department of Human Genetics, 15 N 2030 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Dale L Forrister
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Julane Machado
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Nathan L Clark
- Department of Human Genetics, 15 N 2030 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - James A Gagnon
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 1400 E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, 1390 Presidents Circle, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Wang W, Li F, Wang J, Liu Z, Tian M, Wang Z, Li H, Qu J, Chen Y, Hou L. Disrupting Hedgehog signaling in melanocytes by SUFU knockout leads to ocular melanocytosis and anterior segment malformation. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050210. [PMID: 37577930 PMCID: PMC10481947 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is well known for its crucial role during development, but its specific role in individual cell lineages is less well characterized. Here, we disrupted Hh signaling specifically in melanocytes by using Cre-mediated cell-type-specific knockout of the Hh regulator suppressor of fused (Sufu). Interestingly, corresponding mice were fully pigmented and showed no developmental alterations in melanocyte numbers or distribution in skin and hair follicles. However, there were ectopic melanoblasts visible in the anterior chamber of the eye that eventually displayed severe malformation. Choroidal melanocytes remained unaltered. Surprisingly, the abnormal accumulation of anterior uveal melanoblasts was not the result of increased cell proliferation but of increased migration to ectopic locations such as the cornea. In melanoblasts in vitro, Sufu knockdown replicated the increase in cell migration without affecting proliferation and was mediated by an increased level of phosphorylated-ERK brought about by a reduction in the levels of the repressor form of GLI3. These results highlight the developmental divergence of distinct melanocyte subpopulations and may shed light on the pathogenesis of human ocular melanocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Feiyang Li
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zuimeng Liu
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Meiyu Tian
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhenhang Wang
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Huirong Li
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jia Qu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ling Hou
- Laboratory of Developmental Cell Biology and Disease, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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12
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Zhang J, Ye ZW, Bräutigam L, Chakraborty P, Luo Z, Culpepper J, Aslam M, Zhang L, Johansson K, Haeggström JZ, Xu J, Olsson M, Townsend DM, Mehrotra S, Morgenstern R, Tew KD. A role for microsomal glutathione transferase 1 in melanin biosynthesis and melanoma progression. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104920. [PMID: 37321450 PMCID: PMC10372821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in the treatment of melanoma are encouraging, but there remains a need to identify additional therapeutic targets. We identify a role for microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) in biosynthetic pathways for melanin and as a determinant of tumor progression. Knockdown (KD) of MGST1 depleted midline-localized, pigmented melanocytes in zebrafish embryos, while in both mouse and human melanoma cells, loss of MGST1 resulted in a catalytically dependent, quantitative, and linear depigmentation, associated with diminished conversion of L-dopa to dopachrome (eumelanin precursor). Melanin, especially eumelanin, has antioxidant properties, and MGST1 KD melanoma cells are under higher oxidative stress, with increased reactive oxygen species, decreased antioxidant capacities, reduced energy metabolism and ATP production, and lower proliferation rates in 3D culture. In mice, when compared to nontarget control, Mgst1 KD B16 cells had less melanin, more active CD8+ T cell infiltration, slower growing tumors, and enhanced animal survival. Thus, MGST1 is an integral enzyme in melanin synthesis and its inhibition adversely influences tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States.
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Lars Bräutigam
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Zhenwu Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - John Culpepper
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | | | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Divisions of Biochemistry and Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences (LPS) & Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology (PIIT), Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Magnus Olsson
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Ralf Morgenstern
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States.
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13
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Tirado HA, Balasundaram N, Laaouimir L, Erdem A, van Gastel N. Metabolic crosstalk between stromal and malignant cells in the bone marrow niche. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101669. [PMID: 36909665 PMCID: PMC9996235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is the primary site of blood cell production in adults and serves as the source of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that maintain bone homeostasis. The medullary microenvironment is also involved in malignancy, providing a fertile soil for the growth of blood cancers or solid tumors metastasizing to bone. The cellular composition of the bone marrow is highly complex, consisting of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, maturing blood cells, skeletal stem cells, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular cells, and nerve cells. Intercellular communication at different levels is essential to ensure proper skeletal and hematopoietic tissue function, but it is altered when malignant cells colonize the bone marrow niche. While communication often involves soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their respective cell-surface receptors, cells can also communicate by exchanging metabolic information. In this review, we discuss the importance of metabolic crosstalk between different cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, particularly concerning the malignant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán A Tirado
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nithya Balasundaram
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lotfi Laaouimir
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ayşegül Erdem
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Cellular Metabolism and Microenvironment Laboratory, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
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14
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Cocchetto A, Seymour C, Mothersill C. A Proposed New Model to Explain the Role of Low Dose Non-DNA Targeted Radiation Exposure in Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076022. [PMID: 37046994 PMCID: PMC10094351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Fatigue and Immune Dysfunction Syndrome (CFIDS) is considered to be a multidimensional illness whose etiology is unknown. However, reports from Chernobyl, as well as those from the United States, have revealed an association between radiation exposure and the development of CFIDS. As such, we present an expanded model using a systems biology approach to explain the etiology of CFIDS as it relates to this cohort of patients. This paper proposes an integrated model with ionizing radiation as a suggested trigger for CFIDS mediated through UVA induction and biophoton generation inside the body resulting from radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE). Evidence in support of this approach has been organized into a systems view linking CFIDS illness markers with the initiating events, in this case, low-dose radiation exposure. This results in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as important immunologic and other downstream effects. Furthermore, the model implicates melanoma and subsequent hematopoietic dysregulation in this underlying process. Through the identification of this association with melanoma, clinical medicine, including dermatology, hematology, and oncology, can now begin to apply its expansive knowledge base to provide new treatment options for an illness that has had few effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Cocchetto
- National CFIDS Foundation Inc., Hull, MA 02045-1602, USA
| | - Colin Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Carmel Mothersill
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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15
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Rice MC, Little JH, Forrister DL, Machado J, Clark NL, Gagnon JA. Gadusol is a maternally provided sunscreen that protects fish embryos from DNA damage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526370. [PMID: 36778296 PMCID: PMC9915660 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and its deleterious effects on living cells selects for UVR-protective mechanisms. Organisms across the tree of life evolved a variety of natural sunscreens to prevent UVR-induced cellular damage and stress. However, in vertebrates, only melanin is known to act as a sunscreen. Here we demonstrate that gadusol, a transparent compound discovered over 40 years ago in fish eggs, is a maternally provided sunscreen required for survival of embryonic and larval zebrafish exposed to UVR. Mutating an enzyme involved in gadusol biosynthesis increases the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, a hallmark of UVB-induced DNA damage. Compared to the contributions of melanin and the chorion, gadusol is the primary sunscreening mechanism in embryonic and larval fish. The gadusol biosynthetic pathway is retained in the vast majority of teleost genomes but is repeatedly lost in species whose young are no longer exposed to UVR. Our data demonstrate that gadusol is a maternally provided sunscreen that is critical for early-life survival in the most species-rich branch of the vertebrate phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen C Rice
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, SLC, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jordan H Little
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, SLC, UT 84112, USA
| | - Dale L Forrister
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, SLC, UT 84112, USA
| | - Julane Machado
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, SLC, UT 84112, USA
| | - Nathan L Clark
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, SLC, UT 84112, USA
| | - James A Gagnon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, SLC, UT 84112, USA
- Henry Eyring Center for Cell & Genome Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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16
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Bray SR, Wyss LS, Chai C, Lozada ME, Wang B. Adaptive robustness through incoherent signaling mechanisms in a regenerative brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.20.523817. [PMID: 36711454 PMCID: PMC9882340 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.20.523817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Animal behavior emerges from collective dynamics of interconnected neurons, making it vulnerable to connectome damage. Paradoxically, many organisms maintain significant behavioral output after large-scale neural injury. Molecular underpinnings of this extreme robustness remain largely unknown. Here, we develop a quantitative behavioral analysis pipeline to measure previously uncharacterized long-lasting latent memory states in planarian flatworms during whole-brain regeneration. By combining >20,000 animal trials with neural population dynamic modeling, we show that long-range volumetric peptidergic signals allow the planarian to rapidly reestablish latent states and restore coarse behavior after large structural perturbations to the nervous system, while small-molecule neuromodulators gradually refine the precision. The different time and length scales of neuropeptide and small-molecule transmission generate incoherent patterns of neural activity which competitively regulate behavior and memory. Controlling behavior through opposing communication mechanisms creates a more robust system than either alone and may serve as a generic approach to construct robust neural networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R. Bray
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Livia S. Wyss
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chew Chai
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maria E. Lozada
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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17
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Yuan M, Lian J, Han X, Wen J, Gao J, Wang L, Zhang F. Real-time fluorescence dynamics in one-step synthesis of gold nanoclusters coupling with peptide motifs. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 219:112820. [PMID: 36087475 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The molecule-like electronic structure endows gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) a most intriguing property, fluorescence, thereby AuNCs offer a great potential for biomedical applications. Recent efforts to improve the fluorescence of AuNCs mainly focus on tailoring size, structure and chemical environments. Herein, with the help of molecular dynamics simulation, we designed tyrosine-containing peptide motifs as the reducing agents, protecting ligands to synthesis P (peptide)-AuNCs in one-step reaction, which was developed to real-time monitor the fluorescence evolution of P-AuNCs. P-AuNCs with a quantum yield of ∼ 18 % were synthesized and further demonstrated for multiple biomedical applications, such as sensing of temperature (10-55 ℃) and metal ions (with a limit of detection of 5 nM for Hg2+), as well as cell labeling and imaging. With the excellent biocompatibility, wide spectral range and potential capacity for bio-recognition, this study provides a useful one-step synthesis strategy for screening out peptide motifs to real-time modulate the optical properties of peptide-containing hybrid nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chifeng University, 1 Yingbin Road, Hongshan District, Chifeng, 024000, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Lian
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China; Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Han
- Chifeng Drug Inspection Institute, Tianyi Road, New District, Chifeng, 024000, PR China
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chifeng University, 1 Yingbin Road, Hongshan District, Chifeng, 024000, PR China
| | - Jingyu Gao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China; Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China; Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, PR China; Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China.
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18
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Kim MJ, Valderrábano RJ, Wu JY. Osteoblast Lineage Support of Hematopoiesis in Health and Disease. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1823-1842. [PMID: 35983701 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, hematopoiesis migrates to the bone marrow during embryogenesis coincident with the appearance of mineralized bone, where hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their progeny are maintained by the surrounding microenvironment or niche, and sustain the entirety of the hematopoietic system. Genetic manipulation of niche factors and advances in cell lineage tracing techniques have implicated cells of both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic origin as important regulators of hematopoiesis in health and disease. Among them, cells of the osteoblast lineage, from stromal skeletal stem cells to matrix-embedded osteocytes, are vital niche residents with varying capacities for hematopoietic support depending on stage of differentiation. Here, we review populations of osteoblasts at differing stages of differentiation and summarize the current understanding of the role of the osteoblast lineage in supporting hematopoiesis. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo J Valderrábano
- Research Program in Men's Health: Aging and Metabolism, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joy Y Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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19
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Guo J, Zhao R, Gao F, Li X, Wang L, Zhang F. Sequence-Dependent Tyrosine-Containing Peptide Nanoassemblies for Sensing Tyrosinase and Melanoma. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:875-881. [PMID: 35762904 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine-containing peptide nanoassemblies have received tremendous attention because of their potential applications in biomedicine and nanomaterial fields. However, a current outstanding challenge is to direct the equilibrium between oxidative polymerization of precursors and the noncovalent assembly to precisely tune their specific nanostructures and functionalities through the rational design of peptide sequences. With a simple library of tripeptides containing tyrosine, glycine, and lysine, here we demonstrate how amino acid sequence encodes the property of tripeptide nanoassemblies by modulating the enzymatic oxidation of tyrosinase with the accompanied self-assembly, and thus select the pathways toward fluorescent or melanin-like nanoassemblies. The fluorescence of tripeptide nanoassemblies has been demonstrated in sensing both tyrosinase and melanoma. Our findings will provide inspiration of peptide sequence design for generating the complex bioactive peptide nanomaterials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer-Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ruoyang Zhao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou 325001, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou 325001, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Pharmacy Laboratory, Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital, Hohhot 010065, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou 325001, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Quantum Biophotonic Lab, Key Laboratory of Optical Technology and Instrument for Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer-Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou 325001, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.,Pharmacy Laboratory, Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital, Hohhot 010065, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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20
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Dong Y, Sun Y, Liu J, Shi X, Li H, Zhang J, Li C, Yi Y, Mo S, Fan L, Jiang L. Thermally Stable Organic Field-Effect Transistors Based on Asymmetric BTBT Derivatives for High Performance Solar-Blind Photodetectors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2106085. [PMID: 35182036 PMCID: PMC9036011 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202106085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-performance solar-blind photodetectors are widely studied due to their unique significance in military and industrial applications. Yet the rational molecular design for materials to possess strong absorption in solar-blind region is rarely addressed. Here, an organic solar-blind photodetector is reported by designing a novel asymmetric molecule integrated strong solar-blind absorption with high charge transport property. Such alkyl substituted [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]-benzothiophene (BTBT) derivatives Cn-BTBTN (n = 6, 8, and 10) can be easily assembled into 2D molecular crystals and perform high mobility up to 3.28 cm2 V-1 s-1 , which is two orders of magnitude higher than the non-substituted core BTBTN. Cn-BTBTNs also exhibit dramatically higher thermal stability than the symmetric alkyl substituted C8-BTBT. Moreover, C10-BTBTN films with the highest mobility and strongest solar-blind absorption among the Cn-BTBTNs are applied for solar-blind photodetectors, which reveal record-high photosensitivity and detectivity up to 1.60 × 107 and 7.70 × 1014 Jones. Photodetector arrays and flexible devices are also successfully fabricated. The design strategy can provide guidelines for developing materials featuring high thermal stability and stimulating such materials in solar-blind photodetector application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicai Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Xiaosong Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Song Mo
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High‐tech Polymer MaterialsChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Lin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High‐tech Polymer MaterialsChinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
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21
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Zhang X, Li X, Lang Y, Wu P. Low-Cost Naked-Eye UVB and UVC Dosimetry Based on 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4373-4379. [PMID: 35244388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is both useful to human beings and can cause irreversible harm of varying degrees (UVA, UVB, and UVC). Especially, in areas with excessive sunlight, the appearance of UVB results in an increased risk of skin cancer. On the other hand, UV lamps (254 nm, UVC) are widely used in disinfection (air, water, and factory food) and hospital sterilization; the leakage of UVC is thus sometimes inevitable, which may cause fatal injuries to the related staff. Therefore, low-cost UV dosimetry-based personal protective equipment (PPE) and industrial monitoring devices are of great importance. Here, for the first time, we found that 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) could be rapidly oxidized upon UVB and UVC irradiation in a dose-dependent manner, in which TMB acts as a self-photosensitizer. Since TMB is a typical and widely used chromogenic substrate in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), it is well-commercialized with low cost and vast availability worldwide, which permitted the development of low-cost naked-eye UVB and UVC dosimetry. A wearable bracelet mounted with TMB-loaded paper was developed for successful indication of whether the UVB exposure in the sunlight exceeded the minimum erythema dose (MED). In addition, we also developed a clock dial equipped with a TMB solution for unattended detection of UVC leakage from UVC disinfection lamps. The UVB- and UVC-selective coloration and low cost of TMB offered remarkable potential in facile detection of UVR in our daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Analytical & Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610061, China
| | - Xianming Li
- Analytical & Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yunhe Lang
- Analytical & Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Analytical & Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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22
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Richardson DS, Guan W, Matsumoto K, Pan C, Chung K, Ertürk A, Ueda HR, Lichtman JW. TISSUE CLEARING. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2022; 1. [PMID: 35128463 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue clearing of gross anatomical samples was first described over a century ago and has only recently found widespread use in the field of microscopy. This renaissance has been driven by the application of modern knowledge of optical physics and chemical engineering to the development of robust and reproducible clearing techniques, the arrival of new microscopes that can image large samples at cellular resolution and computing infrastructure able to store and analyze large data volumes. Many biological relationships between structure and function require investigation in three dimensions and tissue clearing therefore has the potential to enable broad discoveries in the biological sciences. Unfortunately, the current literature is complex and could confuse researchers looking to begin a clearing project. The goal of this Primer is to outline a modular approach to tissue clearing that allows a novice researcher to develop a customized clearing pipeline tailored to their tissue of interest. Further, the Primer outlines the required imaging and computational infrastructure needed to perform tissue clearing at scale, gives an overview of current applications, discusses limitations and provides an outlook on future advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Richardson
- Harvard Center for Biological Imaging, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Webster Guan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Matsumoto
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chenchen Pan
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Kwanghun Chung
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Nano Biomedical Engineering (Nano BME) Graduate Program, Yonsei-IBS Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Ertürk
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Hiroki R Ueda
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jeff W Lichtman
- Harvard Center for Biological Imaging, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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23
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Niches that regulate stem cells and hematopoiesis in adult bone marrow. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1848-1860. [PMID: 34146467 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) engage in hematopoiesis throughout adult life within the bone marrow, where they produce the mature cells necessary to maintain blood cell counts and immune function. In the bone marrow and spleen, HSCs are sustained in perivascular niches (microenvironments) associated with sinusoidal blood vessels-specialized veins found only in hematopoietic tissues. Endothelial cells and perivascular leptin receptor+ stromal cells produce the known factors required to maintain HSCs and many restricted progenitors in the bone marrow. Various other cells synthesize factors that maintain other restricted progenitors or modulate HSC or niche function. Recent studies identified new markers that resolve some of the heterogeneity among stromal cells and refine the localization of restricted progenitor niches. Other recent studies identified ways in which niches regulate HSC function and hematopoiesis beyond growth factors. We summarize the current understanding of hematopoietic niches, review recent progress, and identify important unresolved questions.
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24
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Lampel A, McPhee SA, Kassem S, Sementa D, Massarano T, Aramini JM, He Y, Ulijn RV. Melanin-Inspired Chromophoric Microparticles Composed of Polymeric Peptide Pigments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7564-7569. [PMID: 33432673 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Melanin and related polyphenolic pigments are versatile functional polymers that serve diverse aesthetic and protective roles across the living world. These polymeric pigments continue to inspire the development of adhesive, photonic, electronic and radiation-protective materials and coatings. The properties of these structures are dictated by covalent and non-covalent interactions in ways that, despite progress, are not fully understood. It remains a major challenge to direct oxidative polymerization of their precursors (amino acids, (poly-)phenols, thiols) toward specific structures. By taking advantage of supramolecular pre-organization of tyrosine-tripeptides and reactive sequestering of selected amino acids during enzymatic oxidation, we demonstrate the spontaneous formation of distinct new chromophores with optical properties that are far beyond the range of those found in biological melanins, in terms of color, UV absorbance and fluorescent emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayala Lampel
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.,The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.,Sagol Center for Regenerative Biotechnology Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Scott A McPhee
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Salma Kassem
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Deborah Sementa
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Tlalit Massarano
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - James M Aramini
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Ye He
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Rein V Ulijn
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Ph.D. programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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25
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Lampel A, McPhee SA, Kassem S, Sementa D, Massarano T, Aramini JM, He Y, Ulijn RV. Melanin‐Inspired Chromophoric Microparticles Composed of Polymeric Peptide Pigments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayala Lampel
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
- Sagol Center for Regenerative Biotechnology Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Scott A. McPhee
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Salma Kassem
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Deborah Sementa
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Tlalit Massarano
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - James M. Aramini
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Ye He
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
| | - Rein V. Ulijn
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center City University of New York (CUNY) 85 St Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA
- Department of Chemistry Hunter College City University of New York 695 Park Avenue New York NY 10065 USA
- Ph.D. programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY 10016 USA
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26
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Liang Y, Grauvogl M, Meyer A, Kratochwil CF. Functional conservation and divergence of color‐pattern‐related agouti family genes in teleost fishes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2021; 336:443-450. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Liang
- Department of Biology, Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Maximilian Grauvogl
- Department of Biology, Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Axel Meyer
- Department of Biology, Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Claudius F. Kratochwil
- Department of Biology, Chair in Zoology and Evolutionary Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
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27
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Woodward HN. Unraveling the history of limb bones. eLife 2021; 10:e66506. [PMID: 33648629 PMCID: PMC7924942 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ancient fossils give clues as to when features of modern tetrapod bones emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Woodward
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Oklahoma State University Center for Health SciencesTulsaUnited States
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28
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Estefa J, Tafforeau P, Clement AM, Klembara J, Niedźwiedzki G, Berruyer C, Sanchez S. New light shed on the early evolution of limb-bone growth plate and bone marrow. eLife 2021; 10:e51581. [PMID: 33648627 PMCID: PMC7924947 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of blood cells (haematopoiesis) occurs in the limb bones of most tetrapods but is absent in the fin bones of ray-finned fish. When did long bones start producing blood cells? Recent hypotheses suggested that haematopoiesis migrated into long bones prior to the water-to-land transition and protected newly-produced blood cells from harsher environmental conditions. However, little fossil evidence to support these hypotheses has been provided so far. Observations of the humeral microarchitecture of stem-tetrapods, batrachians, and amniotes were performed using classical sectioning and three-dimensional synchrotron virtual histology. They show that Permian tetrapods seem to be among the first to exhibit a centralised marrow organisation, which allows haematopoiesis as in extant amniotes. Not only does our study demonstrate that long-bone haematopoiesis was probably not an exaptation to the water-to-land transition but it sheds light on the early evolution of limb-bone development and the sequence of bone-marrow functional acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Estefa
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolution and Development, Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Alice M Clement
- Flinders University, College of Science and EngineeringAdelaideAustralia
| | - Jozef Klembara
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of EcologyBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolution and Development, Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Sophie Sanchez
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolution and Development, Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityGrenobleFrance
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29
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Abstract
The age-dependent development of the bone marrow follows a constant pattern and has an impact on the localization and morphology of various bone marrow processes. Physiological, reactive and benign bone marrow alterations must be differentiated from inflammatory or malignant infiltrations. In many cases, a specific age distribution pattern and typical morphological characteristics in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enable a diagnostic classification. The only adequate imaging modality that can provide information about the bone marrow composition is MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Berg
- Kinderradiologie, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
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30
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Predicted the P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism is associated with cancer risk: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227679. [PMID: 33501930 PMCID: PMC7859319 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both meta-analyses and systematic reviews were used to assess the relationship between purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7) rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data used in this research were collected from Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang Data databases. The final retrieval ended on 22 February 2019. The strength of correlation was assessed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Based on the heterogeneity test results, fixed-effect (Mantel-Haenszel) or random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models were selected to summarise the collective effects. RESULTS Eight separate studies containing 1462 cancer cases and 3037 controls were enrolled. Overall, there was no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, or recessive models. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicates that there is no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive models.
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31
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Fazio M, van Rooijen E, Dang M, van de Hoek G, Ablain J, Mito JK, Yang S, Thomas A, Michael J, Fabo T, Modhurima R, Pessina P, Kaufman CK, Zhou Y, White RM, Zon LI. SATB2 induction of a neural crest mesenchyme-like program drives melanoma invasion and drug resistance. eLife 2021; 10:64370. [PMID: 33527896 PMCID: PMC7880683 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genomic and scRNA-seq analyses of melanoma demonstrated a lack of recurrent genetic drivers of metastasis, while identifying common transcriptional states correlating with invasion or drug resistance. To test whether transcriptional adaptation can drive melanoma progression, we made use of a zebrafish mitfa:BRAFV600E;tp53-/- model, in which malignant progression is characterized by minimal genetic evolution. We undertook an overexpression-screen of 80 epigenetic/transcriptional regulators and found neural crest-mesenchyme developmental regulator SATB2 to accelerate aggressive melanoma development. Its overexpression induces invadopodia formation and invasion in zebrafish tumors and human melanoma cell lines. SATB2 binds and activates neural crest-regulators, including pdgfab and snai2. The transcriptional program induced by SATB2 overlaps with known MITFlowAXLhigh and AQP1+NGFR1high drug-resistant states and functionally drives enhanced tumor propagation and resistance to Vemurafenib in vivo. In summary, we show that melanoma transcriptional rewiring by SATB2 to a neural crest mesenchyme-like program can drive invasion and drug resistance in autochthonous tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Fazio
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ellen van Rooijen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Michelle Dang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Glenn van de Hoek
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Julien Ablain
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Jeffrey K Mito
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Pathology, Boston, United States
| | - Song Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Andrew Thomas
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Jonathan Michael
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Tania Fabo
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Rodsy Modhurima
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Patrizia Pessina
- Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Charles K Kaufman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, United States.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, United States
| | - Yi Zhou
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
| | - Richard M White
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, United States
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stem Cell Program and the Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United States
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32
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Zhang L, Kim SH, Park KH, Zhi-Wei Y, Jie Z, Townsend DM, Tew KD. Glutathione S-Transferase P Influences Redox Homeostasis and Response to Drugs that Induce the Unfolded Protein Response in Zebrafish. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 377:121-132. [PMID: 33514607 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We have created a novel glutathione S-transferase π1 (gstp1) knockout (KO) zebrafish model and used it for comparative analyses of redox homeostasis and response to drugs that cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and induce the unfolded protein response (UPR). Under basal conditions, gstp1 KO larvae had higher expression of antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) accompanied by a more reduced larval environment and a status consistent with reductive stress. Compared with wild type, various UPR markers were decreased in KO larvae, but treatment with drugs that induce ER stress caused greater toxicities and increased expression of Nrf2 and UPR markers in KO. Tunicamycin and 02-{2,4-dinitro-5-[4-(N-methylamino)benzoyloxy]phenyl}1-(N,N-dimethylamino)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (PABA/nitric oxide) activated inositol-requiring protein-1/X-box binding protein 1 pathways, whereas thapsigargin caused greater activation of protein kinase-like ER kinase/activating transcription factor 4/CHOP pathways. These results suggest that this teleost model is useful for predicting how GSTP regulates organismal management of oxidative/reductive stress and is a determinant of response to drug-induced ER stress and the UPR. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: A new zebrafish model has been created to study the importance of glutathione S-transferase π1 in development, redox homeostasis, and response to drugs that enact cytotoxicity through endoplasmic reticulum stress and induction of the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Seok-Hyung Kim
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ki-Hoon Park
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ye Zhi-Wei
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zhang Jie
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Leilei Zhang, Seok-Hyung Kim, Ki-Hoon Park, Zhi-wei Ye, Jie Zhang, Danyelle M. Townsend, Kenneth D. Tew Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (L.Z., Z.Y., J.Z., K.D.T.), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (S.-H.K., K.-H.P.), and Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (D.M.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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33
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Olson OC, Kang YA, Passegué E. Normal Hematopoiesis Is a Balancing Act of Self-Renewal and Regeneration. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a035519. [PMID: 31988205 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system is highly organized to maintain its functional integrity and to meet lifelong organismal demands. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) must balance self-renewal with differentiation and the regeneration of the blood system. It is a complex balancing act between these competing HSC functions. Although highly quiescent at steady state, HSCs become activated in response to inflammatory cytokines and regenerative challenges. This activation phase leads to many intrinsic stresses such as replicative, metabolic, and oxidative stress, which can cause functional decline, impaired self-renewal, and exhaustion of HSCs. To cope with these insults, HSCs use both built-in and emergency-triggered stress-response mechanisms to maintain homeostasis and to defend against disease development. In this review, we discuss how the hematopoietic system operates in steady state and stress conditions, what strategies are used to maintain functional integrity, and how deregulation in the balance between self-renewal and regeneration can drive malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oakley C Olson
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Yoon-A Kang
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
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34
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Hamied A, Alnedawy Q, Correia A, Hacker C, Ramsdale M, Hashimoto H, Kudoh T. Identification and Characterization of Highly Fluorescent Pigment Cells in Embryos of the Arabian Killifish ( Aphanius Dispar). iScience 2020; 23:101674. [PMID: 33145484 PMCID: PMC7593555 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arabian killifish, Aphanius dispar, is a small tropical teleost fish living in wide range of habitats in sea water and fresh water in the Middle East. Here, we report extraordinary fluorescent pigment cells in the Arabian killifish embryo. These cells appear brown in transmitted light, yellowish white in reflected light, and as strong fluorescence in GFP and RFP filters. TEM and confocal microscopy analyses show the fluorescence emanates from leucosome-like pigment organelles. The cells express the gene encoding GTP cyclohydrolase (gch), a marker for leucophores and xanthophore. Gene knockdown and knockout of gch using morpholino or CRISPR-Cas9 induced loss of fluorescence in these embryos, indicating a crucial role of the enzyme and the associated pterine biosynthesis pathway in the generation of the fluorescence. We concluded that these cells are a highly fluorescent subtype of leucophores and have named them as fluoroleucophores. Arabian killifish embryos possess extremely fluorescent pigment cells The fluorescent pigment cells show characteristics in common with leucophores Gene knockout of GTP cyclohydrolase removes fluorescence from the pigment cells The novel pigment cells are termed fluoroleucophores
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Affiliation(s)
- Atyaf Hamied
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | | | - Ana Correia
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | | | - Mark Ramsdale
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Hisashi Hashimoto
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
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35
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Reddy SMM, Raßlenberg E, Sloan-Dennison S, Hesketh T, Silberbush O, Tuttle T, Smith E, Graham D, Faulds K, Ulijn RV, Ashkenasy N, Lampel A. Proton-Conductive Melanin-Like Fibers through Enzymatic Oxidation of a Self-Assembling Peptide. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003511. [PMID: 33058283 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Melanin pigments have various properties that are of technological interest including photo- and radiation protection, rich coloration, and electronic functions. Nevertheless, laboratory-based synthesis of melanin and melanin-like materials with morphologies and chemical structures that are specifically optimized for these applications, is currently not possible. Here, melanin-like materials that are produced by enzymatic oxidation of a supramolecular tripeptide structures that are rich in tyrosine and have a 1D morphology are demonstrated, that are retained during the oxidation process while conducting tracks form through oxidative tyrosine crosslinking. Specifically, a minimalistic self-assembling peptide, Lys-Tyr-Tyr (KYY) with strong propensity to form supramolecular fibers, is utilized. Analysis by Raman spectroscopy shows that the tyrosines are pre-organized inside these fibers and, upon enzymatic oxidation, result in connected catechols. These form 1D conducting tracks along the length of the fiber, which gives rise to a level of internal disorder, but retention of the fiber morphology. This results in highly conductive structures demonstrated to be dominated by proton conduction. This work demonstrates the ability to control oxidation but retain a well-defined fibrous morphology that does not have a known equivalent in biology, and demonstrate exceptional conductivity that is enhanced by enzymatic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samala Murali Mohan Reddy
- Department of Materials Engineering and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Eileen Raßlenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 40, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Sian Sloan-Dennison
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Travis Hesketh
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Ohad Silberbush
- Department of Materials Engineering and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Tell Tuttle
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Ewen Smith
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Rein V Ulijn
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Ph.D. programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City, University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Nurit Ashkenasy
- Department of Materials Engineering and Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Ayala Lampel
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Sagol Center for Regenerative Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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Lv P, Ma D, Gao S, Zhang Y, Bae YK, Liang G, Gao S, Choi JH, Kim CH, Wang L, Liu F. Generation of foxn1/Casper Mutant Zebrafish for Allograft and Xenograft of Normal and Malignant Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 15:749-760. [PMID: 32822590 PMCID: PMC7486299 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell transplantation into immunodeficient recipients is a widely used approach to study stem cell and cancer biology; however, studying cell states post transplantation in vivo is inconvenient in mammals. Here, we generated a foxn1/Casper mutant zebrafish that is transparent and exhibits T cell deficiency. By employing the line for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation (HSCT), we could achieve nonconditioned transplantation. Meanwhile, we found that fetal HSCs from 3 days post fertilization zebrafish embryos produce a better transplant outcome in foxn1/Casper mutants, compared with adult HSCs. In addition to HSCT, the foxn1/Casper mutant is feasible for allografts of myelodysplastic syndrome-like and muscle cells, as well as xenografts of medaka muscle cells. In summary, foxn1/Casper mutants permit the nonconditioned engraftment of multiple cell types and visualized characterization of transplanted cells in vivo. foxn1/Casper mutant zebrafish permit unconditioned and visualized cell transplantation Zebrafish fetal HSCs possess more robust engraftment ability than adult HSCs foxn1/Casper mutant zebrafish permit allogeneic MDS-like cell transplantation Allograft and xenograft of muscle cells can be monitored in foxn1/Casper mutant zebrafish
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Young-Ki Bae
- Comparative Biomedical Research Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Guixian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Suwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
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A biomimetic approach to shielding from ionizing radiation: The case of melanized fungi. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229921. [PMID: 32330147 PMCID: PMC7182175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanized fungi have been shown to thrive in environments with high radionuclide concentrations, which led to the association of the pigment melanin with the protection against ionizing radiation. Several hypotheses regarding the function of melanin have been proposed. Yet, the exact mechanism behind the protective property of melanin is unclear and poorly explored. A better understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in increasing the tolerance of the organisms to ionizing radiation could lead to technology transfer to human-related applications. Effective protection from radiation is essential for human space flight in general and human missions beyond Low Earth Orbit specifically. In this paper, we follow a biomimetic approach: we test two of current hypotheses and discuss how they could be applied to radiation shield designs. First we focus on the interaction of melanin with high energy electrons, which has been suspected to reduce the kinetic energy of the electrons through a cascade of collisions, thus providing physical shielding. Second, we investigate if the spatial arrangement of melanin, organized as a thin film or a collection of hollow micro-spheres, affects its shielding properties. To this end, we measured experimentally and by numerical simulations the attenuation of β-radiation as pass through solutions and suspensions of melanin and contrasted the values to the ones of cellulose, a substance with similar elemental composition. Further, we investigate the spatial arrangement hypothesis using Monte Carlo simulations. In agreement with the simulations, our experiments indicated that melanin does not provide improved shielding in comparison to cellulose from β-radiation. However, our simulations suggest a substantial effect of the spatial arrangement on the shielding performance of melanin, a pathway that could be transferred to the design of composite radiation shields.
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Qiu LZ, Wei SY, Xu HS, Zhang ZX, Guo ZY, Chen XG, Liu SY, Wu D, Luo LB. Ultrathin Polymer Nanofibrils for Solar-Blind Deep Ultraviolet Light Photodetectors Application. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:644-651. [PMID: 31790260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Solar-blind deep ultraviolet photodetectors (DUVPDs) based on conventional inorganic ultrawide bandgap semiconductors (UWBS) have shown promising application in various civil and military fields and yet they can hardly be used in wearable optoelectronic devices and systems for lack of mechanical flexibility. In this study, we report a non-UWBS solar-blind DUVPD by designing ultrathin polymer nanofibrils with a virtual ultrawide bandgap, which was obtained by grafting P3HT with PHA via a polymerization process. Optoelectronic analysis reveals that the P3HT-b-PHA nanofibrils are sensitive to DUV light with a wavelength of 254 nm but are virtually blind to both 365 nm and other visible light illuminations. The responsivity is 120 A/W with an external quantum efficiency of up to 49700%, implying a large photoconductive gain in the photoresponse process. The observed solar-blind DUV photoresponse is associated with the resonant mode due to the leakage mode of the ultrathin polymer nanofibrils. Moreover, a flexible image sensor composed of 10 × 10 pixels can also be fabricated to illustrate their capability for image sensing application. These results signify that the present ultrathin P3HT-b-PHA nanofibrils are promising building blocks for assembly of low-cost, flexible, and high-performance solar-blind DUVPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiu-Guo Chen
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Shi-Yuan Liu
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Di Wu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
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Scheffold A, Baig AH, Chen Z, von Löhneysen SE, Becker F, Morita Y, Avila AI, Groth M, Lechel A, Schmid F, Kraus JM, Kestler HA, Stilgenbauer S, Philipp M, Burkhalter MD. Elevated Hedgehog activity contributes to attenuated DNA damage responses in aged hematopoietic cells. Leukemia 2019; 34:1125-1134. [PMID: 31728056 PMCID: PMC7214262 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of DNA damage and myeloid-skewed differentiation characterize aging of the hematopoietic system, yet underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that aging hematopoietic progenitor cells particularly of the myeloid branch exhibit enhanced resistance to bulky DNA lesions—a relevant type of DNA damage induced by toxins such as cancer drugs or endogenous aldehydes. We identified aging-associated activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway to be connected to this phenotype. Inhibition of Hh signaling reverts DNA damage tolerance and DNA damage-resistant proliferation in aged hematopoietic progenitors. Vice versa, elevating Hh activity in young hematopoietic progenitors is sufficient to impair DNA damage responses. Altogether, these findings provide experimental evidence for aging-associated increases in Hh activity driving DNA damage tolerance in myeloid progenitors and myeloid-skewed differentiation. Modulation of Hh activity could thus be explored as a therapeutic strategy to prevent DNA damage tolerance, myeloid skewing, and disease development in the aging hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Scheffold
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ali H Baig
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Friedrich Becker
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Yohei Morita
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Alush I Avila
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - André Lechel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Florian Schmid
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johann M Kraus
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hans A Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephan Stilgenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Philipp
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Tübingen, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin D Burkhalter
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany. .,Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Division of Pharmacogenomics, University of Tübingen, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
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Kobayashi I, Kondo M, Yamamori S, Kobayashi-Sun J, Taniguchi M, Kanemaru K, Katakura F, Traver D. Enrichment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in the zebrafish kidney. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14205. [PMID: 31578390 PMCID: PMC6775131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain the entire blood system throughout life and are utilized in therapeutic approaches for blood diseases. Prospective isolation of highly purified HSCs is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of HSCs. The zebrafish is an elegant genetic model for the study of hematopoiesis due to its many unique advantages. It has not yet been possible, however, to purify HSCs in adult zebrafish due to a lack of specific HSC markers. Here we show the enrichment of zebrafish HSCs by a combination of two HSC-related transgenes, gata2a:GFP and runx1:mCherry. The double-positive fraction of gata2a:GFP and runx1:mCherry (gata2a+runx1+) was detected at approximately 0.16% in the kidney, the main hematopoietic organ in teleosts. Transcriptome analysis revealed that gata2a+runx1+ cells showed typical molecular signatures of HSCs, including upregulation of gata2b, gfi1aa, runx1t1, pbx1b, and meis1b. Transplantation assays demonstrated that long-term repopulating HSCs were highly enriched within the gata2a+runx1+ fraction. In contrast, colony-forming assays showed that gata2a−runx1+ cells abundantly contain erythroid- and/or myeloid-primed progenitors. Thus, our purification method of HSCs in the zebrafish kidney is useful to identify molecular cues needed to regulate self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Mao Kondo
- Division of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shiori Yamamori
- Division of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Jingjing Kobayashi-Sun
- Division of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Taniguchi
- Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Kanemaru
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Katakura
- Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - David Traver
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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41
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Manca R, Glomski C, Pica A. Hematopoietic stem cells debut in embryonic lymphomyeloid tissues of elasmobranchs. Eur J Histochem 2019; 63:3060. [PMID: 31577110 PMCID: PMC6778817 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2019.3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary initiation of the appearance in lymphomyeloid tissue of the hemopoietic stem cell in the earliest (most primitive) vertebrate model, i.e. the elasmobranch (chondroichthyan) Torpedo marmorata Risso, has been studied. The three consecutive developmental stages of torpedo embryos were obtained by cesarean section from a total of six pregnant torpedoes. Lymphomyeloid tissue was identified in the Leydig organ and epigonal tissue. The sections were treated with monoclonal anti-CD34 and anti-CD38 antibodies to detect hematopoietic stem cells. At stage I (2-cm-long embryos with external gills) and at stage II (3-4 cm-long embryos with a discoidal shape and internal gills), some lymphoid-like cells that do not demonstrate any immunolabeling for these antibodies are present. Neither CD34+ nor CD38+ cells are identifiable in lymphomyeloid tissue of stage I and stage II embryos, while a CD34+CD38- cell was identified in the external yolk sac of stage II embryo. The stage III (10-11-cm-long embryos), the lymphomyeloid tissue contained four cell populations, respectively CD34+CD38-, CD34+CD38+, CD34-CD38+, and CD34-CD38- cells. The spleen and lymphomyeloid tissue are the principal sites for the development of hematopoietic progenitors in embryonic Torpedo marmorata Risso. The results demonstrated that the CD34 expression on hematopoietic progenitor cells and its extraembryonic origin is conserved throughout the vertebrate evolutionary scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Manca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II.
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42
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Stem cell safe harbor: the hematopoietic stem cell niche in zebrafish. Blood Adv 2019; 2:3063-3069. [PMID: 30425071 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018021725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Each stem cell resides in a highly specialized anatomic location known as the niche that protects and regulates stem cell function. The importance of the niche in hematopoiesis has long been appreciated in transplantation, but without methods to observe activity in vivo, the components and mechanisms of the hematopoietic niche have remained incompletely understood. Zebrafish have emerged over the past few decades as an answer to this. Use of zebrafish to study the hematopoietic niche has enabled discovery of novel cell-cell interactions, as well as chemical and genetic regulators of hematopoietic stem cells. Mastery of niche components may improve therapeutic efforts to direct differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent cells, sustain stem cells in culture, or improve stem cell transplant.
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Konantz M, Schürch C, Hanns P, Müller JS, Sauteur L, Lengerke C. Modeling hematopoietic disorders in zebrafish. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/9/dmm040360. [PMID: 31519693 PMCID: PMC6765189 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.040360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish offer a powerful vertebrate model for studies of development and disease. The major advantages of this model include the possibilities of conducting reverse and forward genetic screens and of observing cellular processes by in vivo imaging of single cells. Moreover, pathways regulating blood development are highly conserved between zebrafish and mammals, and several discoveries made in fish were later translated to murine and human models. This review and accompanying poster provide an overview of zebrafish hematopoiesis and discuss the existing zebrafish models of blood disorders, such as myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, bone marrow failure syndromes and immunodeficiencies, with a focus on how these models were generated and how they can be applied for translational research. Summary: This At A Glance article and poster summarize the last 20 years of research in zebrafish models for hematopoietic disorders, highlighting how these models were created and are being applied for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Konantz
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Schürch
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Hanns
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle S Müller
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Sauteur
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Lengerke
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland.,Division of Hematology, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
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44
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Irion U, Nüsslein-Volhard C. The identification of genes involved in the evolution of color patterns in fish. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2019; 57:31-38. [PMID: 31421397 PMCID: PMC6838669 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The genetic basis of morphological variation, both within and between species, provides a major topic in evolutionary biology. Teleost fish produce most elaborate color patterns, and among the more than 20000 species a number have been chosen for more detailed analyses because they are suitable to study particular aspects of color pattern evolution. In several fish species, color variants and pattern variants have been collected, transcriptome analyses have been carried out, and the recent advent of gene editing tools, such as CRISPR/Cas9, has allowed the production of mutants. Covering mostly the literature from the last three years, we discuss the cellular basis of coloration and the identification of loci involved in color pattern differences between sister species in cichlids and Danio species, in which cis-regulatory changes seem to prevail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Irion
- Max-Planck-Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
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45
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Rybtsov SA, Lagarkova MA. Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in the Early Mammalian Embryo. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:190-204. [PMID: 31221058 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were the first stem cells discovered in humans. A. A. Maximov proposed an idea of blood stem cells that was confirmed later by McCulloch and Till experimentally. HSCs were the first type of stem cells to be used in clinics and ever since are being continually used. Indeed, a single HSC transplanted intravenously is capable of giving rise to all types of blood cells. In recent decades, human and animal HSC origin, development, hierarchy, and gene signature have been extensively investigated. Due to the constant need for donor blood and HSCs suitable for therapeutic transplants, the experimental possibility of obtaining HSCs in vitro by directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has been considered in recent years. However, despite all efforts, it is not yet possible to reproduce in vitro the ontogenesis of HSCs and obtain cells capable of long-term maintenance of hematopoiesis. The study of hematopoiesis in embryonic development facilitates the establishment and improvement of protocols for deriving blood cells from PCSs and allows a better understanding of the pathogenesis of various types of proliferative blood diseases, anemia, and immunodeficiency. This review focuses on the development of hematopoiesis in mammalian ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Rybtsov
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4U, United Kingdom.
| | - M A Lagarkova
- Federal Research and Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow, 119435, Russia.
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46
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Crittenden SL, Lee C, Mohanty I, Battula S, Knobel K, Kimble J. Sexual dimorphism of niche architecture and regulation of the Caenorhabditis elegans germline stem cell pool. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1757-1769. [PMID: 31067147 PMCID: PMC6727753 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-03-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell maintenance by niche signaling is a common theme across phylogeny. In the Caenorhabditis elegans gonad, the broad outlines of germline stem cell (GSC) regulation are the same for both sexes: GLP-1/Notch signaling from the mesenchymal distal tip cell niche maintains GSCs in the distal gonad of both sexes and does so via two key stem cell regulators, SYGL-1 and LST-1. Yet most recent analyses of niche signaling and GSC regulation have focused on XX hermaphrodites, an essentially female sex making sperm in larvae and oocytes in adults. Here we focus on GSC regulation in XO males. Sexual dimorphism of niche architecture, reported previously, suggested that the molecular responses to niche signaling or numbers of GSCs might also be sexually distinct. Remarkably, this is not the case. This work extends our understanding of the sexually dimorphic niche architecture, but also demonstrates that the dimorphic niches drive a similar molecular response and maintain a similar number of GSCs in their stem cell pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Crittenden
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - ChangHwan Lee
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Ipsita Mohanty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Sindhu Battula
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Karla Knobel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Judith Kimble
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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47
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Echeverri M, Patil A, Xiao M, Li W, Shawkey MD, Dhinojwala A. Developing Noniridescent Structural Color on Flexible Substrates with High Bending Resistance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21159-21165. [PMID: 31094502 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials producing structural colors have great potential in replacing toxic metals or organic pigments. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a promising method for producing these materials on a large scale, but it requires improvements in brightness, saturation, and mechanical stability. Herein, we use EPD assembly to codeposit silica (SiO2) particles with precursors of synthetic melanin, polydopamine (PDA), to produce mechanically robust, wide-angle structurally colored coatings. We use spectrophotometry to show that PDA precursors enhance the saturation of structural colors and nanoscratch testing to demonstrate that they stabilize particles within the EPD coatings. Stabilization by PDA precursors allows us to coat flexible substrates that can sustain bending stresses, opening an avenue for electroprinting on flexible materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Echeverri
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Anvay Patil
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Ming Xiao
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - Weiyao Li
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
| | - Matthew D Shawkey
- Evolution and Optics of Nanostructures Group, Biology Department , University of Ghent , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Ali Dhinojwala
- Department of Polymer Science , The University of Akron , Akron , Ohio 44325 , United States
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48
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Osteoimmunology: evolving concepts in bone-immune interactions in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2019; 19:626-642. [PMID: 31186549 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-019-0178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In terrestrial vertebrates, bone tissue constitutes the 'osteoimmune' system, which functions as a locomotor organ and a mineral reservoir as well as a primary lymphoid organ where haematopoietic stem cells are maintained. Bone and mineral metabolism is maintained by the balanced action of bone cells such as osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes, yet subverted by aberrant and/or prolonged immune responses under pathological conditions. However, osteoimmune interactions are not restricted to the unidirectional effect of the immune system on bone metabolism. In recent years, we have witnessed the discovery of effects of bone cells on immune regulation, including the function of osteoprogenitor cells in haematopoietic stem cell regulation and osteoblast-mediated suppression of haematopoietic malignancies. Moreover, the dynamic reciprocal interactions between bone and malignancies in remote organs have attracted attention, extending the horizon of osteoimmunology. Here, we discuss emerging concepts in the osteoimmune dialogue in health and disease.
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49
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