1
|
Lipińska W, Wolff S, Dehm KE, Hager SP, Gumieniak J, Kramek A, Crisp RW, Coy E, Grochowska K, Siuzdak K. Transparent TiO 2 nanotubes supporting silver sulfide for photoelectrochemical water splitting. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:15265-15279. [PMID: 39077802 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01440e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Differences between photoelectrochemical and electrochemical activity were thoroughly investigated for the oxygen evolution reaction mediated by Ag2S deposited on two types of ordered titania substrates. Titanium dioxide nanotubes were fabricated by anodization of magnetron sputtered Ti films on ITO-coated glass substrates or directly from Ti foil. Further, Ag2S deposition on the nanotubes was carried out using successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction, known as SILAR, with 5, 25, and 45 cycles performed. Two types of nanotubes, one on transparent the other on non-transparent substrates were compared regarding their geometry, structure, optical, and electrochemical properties. It was demonstrated that the composite of Ag2S grown on transparent nanotubes exhibits higher catalytic activity compared to Ag2S grown on the nanotubes formed on Ti foil. The results showed that transparent nanotubes after modification with Ag2S by 25 SILAR cycles exhibit ca. 3 times higher photocurrent under visible light illumination than non-transparent ones treated with the same number of cycles. Furthermore, transparent nanotubes after 45 SILAR cycles of Ag2S exhibit enhanced activity towards oxygen evolution reaction with 9.3 mA cm-2 at 1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl/0.1 M KCl which is six times higher than titania alone on Ti foil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Lipińska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 Street, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Stefania Wolff
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 Street, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katharina E Dehm
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon P Hager
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Justyna Gumieniak
- The Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszów University of Technology, Kwiatkowskiego 4 Street, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kramek
- The Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszów University of Technology, Kwiatkowskiego 4 Street, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Ryan W Crisp
- Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3 St, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grochowska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 Street, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 Street, 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yue Y, Chai N, Li M, Zeng Z, Li S, Chen X, Zhou J, Wang H, Wang X. Ultrafast Photoexcitation Induced Passivation for Quasi-2D Perovskite Photodetectors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2407347. [PMID: 38857569 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Quasi-2D perovskites exhibit great potential in photodetectors due to their exceptional optoelectronic responsivity and stability, compared to their 3D counterparts. However, the defects are detrimental to the responsivity, response speed, and stability of perovskite photodetectors. Herein, an ultrafast photoexcitation-induced passivation technique is proposed to synergistically reduce the dimensionality at the surface and induce oxygen doping in the bulk, via tuning the photoexcitation intensity. At the optimal photoexcitation level, the excited electrons and holes generate stretching force on the Pb─I bonds at the interlayered [PbI6]-, resulting in low dimensional perovskite formation, and the absorptive oxygen is combined with I vacancies at the same time. These two induced processes synergistically boost the carrier transport and interface contact performance. The most outstanding device exhibits a fast response speed with rise/decay time of 201/627 ns, with a peak responsivity/detectivity of 163 mA W-1/4.52 × 1010 Jones at 325 nm and the enhanced cycling stability. This work suggests the possibility of a new passivation technique for high performance 2D perovskite optoelectronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Yue
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, 528216, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - NianYao Chai
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Li
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Zhongle Zeng
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiakang Zhou
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Center of Femtosecond Laser Manufacturing for Advanced Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan, 528216, P. R. China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kurtz F, Dauwe TN, Yalunin SV, Storeck G, Horstmann JG, Böckmann H, Ropers C. Non-thermal phonon dynamics and a quenched exciton condensate probed by surface-sensitive electron diffraction. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:890-897. [PMID: 38688990 PMCID: PMC11230895 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Interactions among and between electrons and phonons steer the energy flow in photo-excited materials and govern the emergence of correlated phases. The strength of electron-phonon interactions, decay channels of strongly coupled modes and the evolution of three-dimensional order are revealed by electron or X-ray pulses tracking non-equilibrium structural dynamics. Despite such capabilities, the growing relevance of inherently anisotropic two-dimensional materials and functional heterostructures still calls for techniques with monolayer sensitivity and, specifically, access to out-of-plane phonon polarizations. Here, we resolve non-equilibrium phonon dynamics and quantify the excitonic contribution to the structural order parameter in 1T-TiSe2. To this end, we introduce ultrafast low-energy electron diffuse scattering and trace strongly momentum- and fluence-dependent phonon populations. Mediated by phonon-phonon scattering, a few-picosecond build-up near the zone boundary precedes a far slower generation of zone-centre acoustic modes. These weakly coupled phonons are shown to substantially delay overall equilibration in layered materials. Moreover, we record the surface structural response to a quench of the material's widely investigated exciton condensate, identifying an approximate 30:70 ratio of excitonic versus Peierls contributions to the total lattice distortion in the charge density wave phase. The surface-sensitive approach complements the ultrafast structural toolbox and may further elucidate the impact of phonon scattering in numerous other phenomena within two-dimensional materials, such as the formation of interlayer excitons in twisted bilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kurtz
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute, Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim N Dauwe
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute, Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergey V Yalunin
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute, Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gero Storeck
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute, Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Gerrit Horstmann
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hannes Böckmann
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- 4th Physical Institute, Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claus Ropers
- Department of Ultrafast Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- 4th Physical Institute, Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li J, Qi Y, Yang Q, Yue L, Yao C, Chen Z, Meng S, Xiang D, Cao J. Femtosecond Electron Diffraction Reveals Local Disorder and Local Anharmonicity in Thermoelectric SnSe. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313742. [PMID: 38444186 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In addition to long-range periodicity, local disorder, with local structures deviating from the average lattice structure, dominates the physical properties of phonons, electrons, and spin subsystems in crystalline functional materials. Experimentally characterizing the 3D atomic configuration of such a local disorder and correlating it with advanced functions remains challenging. Using a combination of femtosecond electron diffraction, structure factor calculations, and time-dependent density functional theory molecular dynamics simulations, the static local disorder and its local anharmonicity in thermoelectric SnSe are identified exclusively. The ultrafast structural dynamics reveal that the crystalline SnSe is composed of multiple locally correlated configurations dominated by the static off-symmetry displacements of Sn (≈0.4 Å) and such a set of locally correlated structures is termed local disorder. Moreover, the anharmonicity of this local disorder induces an ultrafast atomic displacement within 100 fs, indicating the signature of probable THz Einstein oscillators. The identified local disorder and local anharmonicity suggest a glass-like thermal transport channel, which updates the fundamental insight into the long-debated ultralow thermal conductivity of SnSe. The method of revealing the 3D local disorder and the locally correlated interactions by ultrafast structural dynamics will inspire broad interest in the construction of structure-property relationships in material science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjun Li
- Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yingpeng Qi
- Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Luye Yue
- Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Changyuan Yao
- Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianming Cao
- Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Physics Department and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Epp D, Schröder B, Möller M, Ropers C. Gigahertz streaking and compression of low-energy electron pulses. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2024; 11:024306. [PMID: 38566809 PMCID: PMC10987198 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Although radio frequency (RF) technology is routinely employed for controlling high-energy pulses of electrons, corresponding technology has not been developed at beam energies below several kiloelectronvolts. In this work, we demonstrate transverse and longitudinal phase-space manipulation of low-energy electron pulses using RF fields. A millimeter-sized photoelectron gun is combined with synchronized streaking and compression cavities driven at frequencies of 0.5 and 2.5 GHz , respectively. The phase-controlled acceleration and deceleration of photoelectron pulses is characterized in the energy range of 50 -100 eV . Deflection from a transient space-charge cloud at a metal grid is used to measure a fourfold compression of 80 - eV electron pulses, from τ = 34 to τ = 8 ps pulse duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claus Ropers
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. URL:https://www.mpinat.mpg.de/de/ropers
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Horn-von Hoegen M. Structural dynamics at surfaces by ultrafast reflection high-energy electron diffraction. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2024; 11:021301. [PMID: 38495951 PMCID: PMC10942804 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Many fundamental processes of structural changes at surfaces occur on a pico- or femtosecond timescale. In order to study such ultrafast processes, we have combined modern surface science techniques with fs-laser pulses in a pump-probe scheme. Grazing incidence of the electrons ensures surface sensitivity in ultrafast reflection high-energy electron diffraction (URHEED). Utilizing the Debye-Waller effect, we studied the nanoscale heat transport from an ultrathin film through a hetero-interface or the damping of vibrational excitations in monolayer adsorbate systems on the lower ps-timescale. By means of spot profile analysis, the different cooling rates of epitaxial Ge nanostructures of different size and strain state were determined. The excitation and relaxation dynamics of a driven phase transition far away from thermal equilibrium is demonstrated using the In-induced (8 × 2) reconstruction on Si(111). This Peierls-distorted surface charge density wave system exhibits a discontinuous phase transition of first order at 130 K from a (8 × 2) insulating ground state to (4 × 1) metallic excited state. Upon excitation by a fs-laser pulse, this structural phase transition is non-thermally driven in only 700 fs into the excited state. A small barrier of 40 meV hinders the immediate recovery of the ground state, and the system is found in a metastable supercooled state for up to few nanoseconds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Horn-von Hoegen
- Department of Physics and Center for Nanointegration CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse. 1, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee C, Kassier GH, Miller RJD. High bunch charge low-energy electron streak diffraction. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2024; 11:024309. [PMID: 38595978 PMCID: PMC11003762 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
For time-resolved diffraction studies of irreversible structural dynamics upon photoexcitation, there are constraints on the number of perturbation cycles due to thermal effects and accumulated strain, which impact the degree of crystal order and spatial resolution. This problem is exasperated for surface studies that are more prone to disordering and defect formation. Ultrafast electron diffraction studies of these systems, with the conventional stroboscopic pump-probe protocol, require repetitive measurements on well-prepared diffraction samples to acquire and average signals above background in the dynamic range of interest from few tens to hundreds of picoseconds. Here, we present ultrafast streaked low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) that demands, in principle, only a single excitation per nominal data acquisition timeframe. By exploiting the space-time correlation characteristics of the streaking method and high-charge 2 keV electron bunches in the transmission geometry, we demonstrate about one order of magnitude reduction in the accumulated number of the excitation cycles and total electron dose, and 48% decrease in the root mean square error of the model fit residual compared to the conventional time-scanning measurement. We believe that our results demonstrate a viable alternative method with higher sensitivity to that of nanotip-based ultrafast LEED studies relying on a few electrons per a single excitation, to access to all classes of structural dynamics to provide an atomic level view of surface processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiwon Lee
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Günther H. Kassier
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. J. Dwayne Miller
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lynch P, Das A, Alam S, Rich CC, Frontiera RR. Mastering Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy: A Practical Guide. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2024; 4:1-18. [PMID: 38283786 PMCID: PMC10811773 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) is a powerful nonlinear spectroscopic technique that probes changes in molecular and material structure with high temporal and spectral resolution. With proper spectral interpretation, this is equivalent to mapping out reactive pathways on highly anharmonic excited-state potential energy surfaces with femtosecond to picosecond time resolution. FSRS has been used to examine structural dynamics in a wide range of samples, including photoactive proteins, photovoltaic materials, plasmonic nanostructures, polymers, and a range of others, with experiments performed in multiple groups around the world. As the FSRS technique grows in popularity and is increasingly implemented in user facilities, there is a need for a widespread understanding of the methodology and best practices. In this review, we present a practical guide to FSRS, including discussions of instrumentation, as well as data acquisition and analysis. First, we describe common methods of generating the three pulses required for FSRS: the probe, Raman pump, and actinic pump, including a discussion of the parameters to consider when selecting a beam generation method. We then outline approaches for effective and efficient FSRS data acquisition. We discuss common data analysis techniques for FSRS, as well as more advanced analyses aimed at extracting small signals on a large background. We conclude with a discussion of some of the new directions for FSRS research, including spectromicroscopy. Overall, this review provides researchers with a practical handbook for FSRS as a technique with the aim of encouraging many scientists and engineers to use it in their research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline
G. Lynch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aritra Das
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shahzad Alam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher C. Rich
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Renee R. Frontiera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nie Z, Guery L, Molinero EB, Juergens P, van den Hooven TJ, Wang Y, Jimenez Galan A, Planken PCM, Silva REF, Kraus PM. Following the Nonthermal Phase Transition in Niobium Dioxide by Time-Resolved Harmonic Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:243201. [PMID: 38181131 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.243201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Photoinduced phase transitions in correlated materials promise diverse applications from ultrafast switches to optoelectronics. Resolving those transitions and possible metastable phases temporally are key enablers for these applications, but challenge existing experimental approaches. Extreme nonlinear optics can help probe phase changes, as higher-order nonlinearities have higher sensitivity and temporal resolution to band structure and lattice deformations. Here the ultrafast transition from the semiconducting to the metallic phases in polycrystalline thin-film NbO_{2} is investigated by time-resolved harmonic spectroscopy. The emission strength of all harmonic orders shows a steplike suppression when the excitation fluence exceeds a threshold (∼11-12 mJ/cm^{2}), below the fluence required for the thermal transition-a signature of the nonthermal emergence of a metallic phase within 100±20 fs. This observation is backed by full ab initio simulations as well as a 1D chain model of high-harmonic generation from both phases. Our results demonstrate femtosecond harmonic probing of phase transitions and nonthermal dynamics in solids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Nie
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Guery
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E B Molinero
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMM-CSIC), E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Juergens
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T J van den Hooven
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Taishan University 525 Dongyue Street, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - A Jimenez Galan
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - P C M Planken
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R E F Silva
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMM-CSIC), E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - P M Kraus
- Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105,1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maklar J, Sarkar J, Dong S, Gerasimenko YA, Pincelli T, Beaulieu S, Kirchmann PS, Sobota JA, Yang S, Leuenberger D, Moore RG, Shen ZX, Wolf M, Mihailovic D, Ernstorfer R, Rettig L. Coherent light control of a metastable hidden state. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi4661. [PMID: 38000022 PMCID: PMC10672165 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi4661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Metastable phases present a promising route to expand the functionality of complex materials. Of particular interest are light-induced metastable phases that are inaccessible under equilibrium conditions, as they often host new, emergent properties switchable on ultrafast timescales. However, the processes governing the trajectories to such hidden phases remain largely unexplored. Here, using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we investigate the ultrafast dynamics of the formation of a hidden quantum state in the layered dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2 upon photoexcitation. Our results reveal the nonthermal character of the transition governed by a collective charge-density-wave excitation. Using a double-pulse excitation of the structural mode, we show vibrational coherent control of the phase-transition efficiency. Our demonstration of exceptional control, switching speed, and stability of the hidden state are key for device applications at the nexus of electronics and photonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Maklar
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jit Sarkar
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shuo Dong
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yaroslav A. Gerasimenko
- Department of Complex Matter, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology – Nanocenter (CENN Nanocenter), Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tommaso Pincelli
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Samuel Beaulieu
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick S. Kirchmann
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Sobota
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Shuolong Yang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dominik Leuenberger
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robert G. Moore
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Zhi-Xun Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martin Wolf
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dragan Mihailovic
- Department of Complex Matter, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Center of Excellence on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology – Nanocenter (CENN Nanocenter), Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ralph Ernstorfer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laurenz Rettig
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cook B, Reineck P, Shiell T, Bradby J, Esser BD, Etheridge J, Haberl B, Boehler R, McKenzie DR, McCulloch DG. Extensively Microtwinned Diamond with Nanolaminates of Lonsdaleite Formed by Flash Laser Heating of Glassy Carbon. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10311-10316. [PMID: 37917923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Diamond's unique properties on the nanoscale make it one of the most important materials for use in biosensors and quantum computing and for components that can withstand the harsh environments of space. We synthesize oriented, faceted diamond particles by flash laser heating of glassy carbon at 16 GPa and 2300 K. Detailed transmission electron microscopy shows them to consist of a mosaic of diamond nanocrystals frequently joined at twin boundaries forming microtwins. Striking 3-fold translational periodicity was observed in both imaging and diffraction. This periodicity was shown to originate from nanodimensional wedge-shaped overlapping regions of twinned diamond and not from a possible 9R polytype, which has also been reported in other group IVa elements and water ice. Extended bilayers of hexagonal layer stacking were observed, forming lonsdaleite nanolaminates. The particles exhibited optical fluorescence with a rapid quench time (<1 ns) attributed to their unique twinned microstructure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenton Cook
- Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia
| | - Thomas Shiell
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Jodie Bradby
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Bryan D Esser
- Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia
| | - Joanne Etheridge
- Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800, Australia
| | - Bianca Haberl
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Reinhard Boehler
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - David R McKenzie
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Neuhaus A, Dreher P, Schütz F, Marchetto H, Franz T, Meyer zu Heringdorf F. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy in a low-energy electron microscope. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2023; 10:064304. [PMID: 38162194 PMCID: PMC10757648 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Spectroscopic photoemission microscopy is a well-established method to investigate the electronic structure of surfaces. In modern photoemission microscopes, the electron optics allow imaging of the image plane, momentum plane, or dispersive plane, depending on the lens setting. Furthermore, apertures allow filtering of energy-, real-, and momentum space. Here, we describe how a standard spectroscopic and low-energy electron microscope can be equipped with an additional slit at the entrance of the already present hemispherical analyzer to enable an angle- and energy-resolved photoemission mode with micrometer spatial selectivity. We apply a photogrammetric calibration to correct for image distortions of the projective system behind the analyzer and present spectra recorded on Au(111) as a benchmark. Our approach makes data acquisition in energy-momentum space more efficient, which is a necessity for laser-based pump-probe photoemission microscopy with femtosecond time resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Neuhaus
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Dreher
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47048 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Florian Schütz
- ELMITEC Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Helder Marchetto
- ELMITEC Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Torsten Franz
- ELMITEC Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li C, Guan M, Hong H, Chen K, Wang X, Ma H, Wang A, Li Z, Hu H, Xiao J, Dai J, Wan X, Liu K, Meng S, Dai Q. Coherent ultrafast photoemission from a single quantized state of a one-dimensional emitter. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf4170. [PMID: 37824625 PMCID: PMC10569710 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf4170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser-driven photoemission source provides an unprecedented femtosecond-resolved electron probe not only for atomic-scale ultrafast characterization but also for free-electron radiation sources. However, for conventional metallic electron source, intense lasers may induce a considerable broadening of emitting energy level, which results in large energy spread (>600 milli-electron volts) and thus limits the spatiotemporal resolution of electron probe. Here, we demonstrate the coherent ultrafast photoemission from a single quantized energy level of a carbon nanotube. Its one-dimensional body can provide a sharp quantized electronic excited state, while its zero-dimensional tip can provide a quantized energy level act as a narrow photoemission channel. Coherent resonant tunneling electron emission is evidenced by a negative differential resistance effect and a field-driven Stark splitting effect. The estimated energy spread is ~57 milli-electron volts, which suggests that the proposed carbon nanotube electron source may promote electron probe simultaneously with subangstrom spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mengxue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Physics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - He Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Aiwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhenjun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hai Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianfeng Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiayu Dai
- Department of Physics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xiangang Wan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang HM, Liu XB, Hu SQ, Chen DQ, Chen Q, Zhang C, Guan MX, Meng S. Giant acceleration of polaron transport by ultrafast laser-induced coherent phonons. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg3833. [PMID: 37585535 PMCID: PMC10431702 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg3833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Polaron formation is ubiquitous in polarized materials, but severely hampers carrier transport for which effective controlling methods are urgently needed. Here, we show that laser-controlled coherent phonon excitation enables orders of magnitude enhancement of carrier mobility via accelerating polaron transport in a prototypical material, lithium peroxide (Li2O2). The selective excitation of specific phonon modes, whose vibrational pattern directly overlap with the polaronic lattice deformation, can remarkably reduce the energy barrier for polaron hopping. The strong nonadiabatic couplings between the electronic and ionic subsystem play a key role in triggering the migration of polaron, via promoting phonon-phonon scattering in q space within sub-picoseconds. These results extend our understanding of polaron transport dynamics to the nonequilibrium regime and allow for optoelectronic devices with ultrahigh on-off ratio and ultrafast responsibility, competitive with those of state-of-the-art devices fabricated based on free electron transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xin-Bao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shi-Qi Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Da-Qiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Meng-Xue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Centre for Quantum Physics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (Ministry of Education), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu W, Liu H, Wang Z, Li S, Wang L, Luo J. Inverse Design of Light Manipulating Structural Phase Transition in Solids. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6647-6657. [PMID: 37462525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective focuses on recent advances in understanding ultrafast processes involved in photoinduced structural phase transitions and proposes a strategy for precise manipulation of such transitions. It has been demonstrated that photoexcited carriers occupying empty antibonding or bonding states generate atomic driving forces that lead to either stretching or shortening of associated bonds, which in turn induce collective and coherent motions of atoms and yield structural transitions. For instance, phase transitions in IrTe2 and VO2, and nonthermal melting in Si, can be explained by the occupation of specific local bonding or antibonding states during laser excitation. These cases reveal the electronic-orbital-selective nature of laser-induced structural transitions. Based on this understanding, we propose an inverse design protocol for achieving or preventing a target structural transition by controlling the related electron occupations with orbital-selective photoexcitation. Overall, this Perspective provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in dynamical structural control in solid materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shushen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linwang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junwei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen L, Wang L, Jiang K, Zhang J, Li Y, Shang L, Zhu L, Gong S, Hu Z. Optically Induced Multistage Phase Transition in Coherent Phonon-Dominated a-GeTe. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5760-5767. [PMID: 37326517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast photoexcitation can decouple the multilevel nonequilibrium dynamics of electron-lattice interactions, providing an ideal probe for dissecting photoinduced phase transition in solids. Here, real-time time-dependent density functional theory simulations combined with occupation-constrained DFT methods are employed to explore the nonadiabatic paths of optically excited a-GeTe. Results show that the short-wavelength ultrafast laser is capable of generating full-domain carrier excitation and repopulation, whereas the long-wavelength ultrafast laser favors the excitation of lone pair electrons in the antibonded state. Photodoping makes the double-valley potential energy surface shallower and allows the insertion of A1g coherent forces in the atomic pairs, by which the phase reversal of Ge and Te atoms in the ⟨001⟩ direction is activated with ultrafast suppression of the Peierls distortion. These findings have far-reaching implications regarding nonequilibrium phase engineering strategies based on phase-change materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinzhong Zhang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liyan Shang
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liangqing Zhu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shijing Gong
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Zhigao Hu
- Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luo Y, Martin-Jimenez A, Pisarra M, Martin F, Garg M, Kern K. Imaging and controlling coherent phonon wave packets in single graphene nanoribbons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3484. [PMID: 37311753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The motion of atoms is at the heart of any chemical or structural transformation in molecules and materials. Upon activation of this motion by an external source, several (usually many) vibrational modes can be coherently coupled, thus facilitating the chemical or structural phase transformation. These coherent dynamics occur on the ultrafast timescale, as revealed, e.g., by nonlocal ultrafast vibrational spectroscopic measurements in bulk molecular ensembles and solids. Tracking and controlling vibrational coherences locally at the atomic and molecular scales is, however, much more challenging and in fact has remained elusive so far. Here, we demonstrate that the vibrational coherences induced by broadband laser pulses on a single graphene nanoribbon (GNR) can be probed by femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) when performed in a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). In addition to determining dephasing (~440 fs) and population decay times (~1.8 ps) of the generated phonon wave packets, we are able to track and control the corresponding quantum coherences, which we show to evolve on time scales as short as ~70 fs. We demonstrate that a two-dimensional frequency correlation spectrum unequivocally reveals the quantum couplings between different phonon modes in the GNR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alberto Martin-Jimenez
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michele Pisarra
- INFN-LNF, Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Via P. Bucci, cubo 31C, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Fernando Martin
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nano), Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manish Garg
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Klaus Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu WH, Gu YX, Wang Z, Li SS, Wang LW, Luo JW. Origin of Immediate Damping of Coherent Oscillations in Photoinduced Charge-Density-Wave Transition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:146901. [PMID: 37084436 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.146901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In stark contrast to the conventional charge density wave (CDW) materials, the one-dimensional CDW on the In/Si(111) surface exhibits immediate damping of the CDW oscillation during the photoinduced phase transition. Here, we successfully reproduce the experimental observation of the photoinduced CDW transition on the In/Si(111) surface by performing real-time time-dependent density functional theory (rt-TDDFT) simulations. We show that photoexcitation promotes valence electrons from the Si substrate to the empty surface bands composed primarily of the covalent p-p bonding states of the long In-In bonds. Such photoexcitation generates interatomic forces to shorten the long In-In bonds and thus drives the structural transition. After the structural transition, these surface bands undergo a switch among different In-In bonds, causing a rotation of the interatomic forces by about π/6 and thus quickly damping the oscillations in feature CDW modes. These findings provide a deeper understanding of photoinduced phase transitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shu-Shen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin-Wang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu C, Jin C, Chen Z, Lu Q, Cheng Y, Zhang B, Qi F, Chen J, Yin X, Wang G, Xiang D, Qian D. Transient dynamics of the phase transition in VO 2 revealed by mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1265. [PMID: 36882433 PMCID: PMC9992676 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37000-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) exhibits an insulator-to-metal transition accompanied by a structural transition near room temperature. This transition can be triggered by an ultrafast laser pulse. Exotic transient states, such as a metallic state without structural transition, were also proposed. These unique characteristics let VO2 have great potential in thermal switchable devices and photonic applications. Although great efforts have been made, the atomic pathway during the photoinduced phase transition is still not clear. Here, we synthesize freestanding quasi-single-crystal VO2 films and examine their photoinduced structural phase transition with mega-electron-volt ultrafast electron diffraction. Leveraging the high signal-to-noise ratio and high temporal resolution, we observe that the disappearance of vanadium dimers and zigzag chains does not coincide with the transformation of crystal symmetry. After photoexcitation, the initial structure is strongly modified within 200 femtoseconds, resulting in a transient monoclinic structure without vanadium dimers and zigzag chains. Then, it continues to evolve to the final tetragonal structure in approximately 5 picoseconds. In addition, only one laser fluence threshold instead of two thresholds suggested in polycrystalline samples is observed in our quasi-single-crystal samples. Our findings provide essential information for a comprehensive understanding of the photoinduced ultrafast phase transition in VO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenhang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fengfeng Qi
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xunqing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Song C, Yang Q, Liu X, Zhao H, Zhang C, Meng S. Electronic Origin of Laser-Induced Ferroelectricity in SrTiO 3. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:576-583. [PMID: 36633437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although ultrafast control of the nonthermally driven ferroelectric transition of paraelectric SrTiO3 was achieved under laser excitation, the underlying mechanism and dynamics of the photoinduced phase transition remain ambiguous. Here, the determinant formation mechanism of ultrafast ferroelectricity in SrTiO3 is traced by nonadiabatic dynamics simulations. That is, the selective excitation of multiple phonons, induced by photoexcited electrons through the strong correlation between electronic excitation and lattice distortion, results in the breaking of the crystal central symmetry and the onset of ferroelectricity. The accompanying population transition between 3dz2 and 3dx2-y2 orbitals excites multiple phonon branches, including the two high-energy longitudinal optical modes, so as to drive the titanium ion away from the center of the oxygen octahedron and generate a metastable ferroelectric phase. Our findings reveal a cooperative electronic and ionic driving mechanism for the laser-induced ferroelectricity that provides new schemes for the optical control of ultrafast quantum states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Xinbao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan523808, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Johnson AS, Moreno-Mencía D, Amuah EB, Menghini M, Locquet JP, Giannetti C, Pastor E, Wall SE. Ultrafast Loss of Lattice Coherence in the Light-Induced Structural Phase Transition of V_{2}O_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:255701. [PMID: 36608247 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.255701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In solids, the response of the lattice to photoexcitation is often described by the inertial evolution on an impulsively modified potential energy surface which leads to coherent motion. However, it remains unknown if vibrational coherence is sustained through a phase transition, during which coupling between modes can be strong and may lead to rapid loss of coherence. Here we use coherent phonon spectroscopy to track lattice coherence in the structural phase transition of V_{2}O_{3}. In both the low and high symmetry phases unique coherent phonon modes are generated at low fluence. However, coherence is lost when driving between the low and high symmetry phases. Our results suggest strongly damped noninertial dynamics dominate during the phase transition due to disorder and multimode coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Johnson
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Moreno-Mencía
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E B Amuah
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M Menghini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/ Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J-P Locquet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Giannetti
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Università Cattolica, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (I-LAMP), Università Cattolica, I-25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - E Pastor
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n 12006, Castelló, Spain
| | - S E Wall
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Controlling Floquet states on ultrashort time scales. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7103. [DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe advent of ultrafast laser science offers the unique opportunity to combine Floquet engineering with extreme time resolution, further pushing the optical control of matter into the petahertz domain. However, what is the shortest driving pulse for which Floquet states can be realised remains an unsolved matter, thus limiting the application of Floquet theory to pulses composed by many optical cycles. Here we ionized Ne atoms with few-femtosecond pulses of selected time duration and show that a Floquet state can be observed already with a driving field that lasts for only 10 cycles. For shorter pulses, down to 2 cycles, the finite lifetime of the driven state can still be explained using an analytical model based on Floquet theory. By demonstrating that the amplitude and number of Floquet-like sidebands in the photoelectron spectrum can be controlled not only with the driving laser pulse intensity and frequency, but also by its duration, our results add a new lever to the toolbox of Floquet engineering.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lin HW, Mead G, Blake GA. Mapping LiNbO_{3} Phonon-Polariton Nonlinearities with 2D THz-THz-Raman Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:207401. [PMID: 36461997 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.207401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional terahertz-terahertz-Raman spectroscopy can provide insight into the anharmonicities of low-energy phonon modes-knowledge of which can help develop strategies for coherent control of material properties. Measurements on LiNbO_{3} reveal THz and Raman nonlinear transitions between the E(TO_{1}) and E(TO_{3}) phonon polaritons. Distinct coherence pathways are observed with different THz polarizations. The observed pathways suggest that the origin of the third-order nonlinear responses is due to mechanical anharmonicities, as opposed to electronic anharmonicities. Further, we confirm that the E(TO_{1}) and E(TO_{3}) phonon polaritons are excited through resonant one-photon THz excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haw-Wei Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Griffin Mead
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Blake
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Division of Geology and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu S, Hammud A, Hamada I, Wolf M, Müller M, Kumagai T. Nanoscale coherent phonon spectroscopy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq5682. [PMID: 36269832 PMCID: PMC9586471 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq5682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Coherent phonon spectroscopy can provide microscopic insight into ultrafast lattice dynamics and its coupling to other degrees of freedom under nonequilibrium conditions. Ultrafast optical spectroscopy is a well-established method to study coherent phonons, but the diffraction limit has hampered observing their local dynamics directly. Here, we demonstrate nanoscale coherent phonon spectroscopy using ultrafast laser-induced scanning tunneling microscopy in a plasmonic junction. Coherent phonons are locally excited in ultrathin zinc oxide films by the tightly confined plasmonic field and are probed via the photoinduced tunneling current through an electronic resonance of the zinc oxide film. Concurrently performed tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy allows us to identify the involved phonon modes. In contrast to the Raman spectra, the phonon dynamics observed in coherent phonon spectroscopy exhibit strong nanoscale spatial variations that are correlated with the distribution of the electronic local density of states resolved by scanning tunneling spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Liu
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adnan Hammud
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ikutaro Hamada
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Martin Wolf
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Müller
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Takashi Kumagai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Center for Mesoscopic Sciences, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Quintela Rodriguez FE, Troiani F. Vibrational response functions for multidimensional electronic spectroscopy in the adiabatic regime: A coherent-state approach. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:034107. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0094512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-dimensional spectroscopy represents a particularly insightful tool for investigating the interplay of nuclear and electronic dynamics, which plays an important role in a number of photophysical processes and photochemical reactions. Here, we present a coherent state representation of the vibronic dynamics and of the resulting response functions for the widely used linearly displaced harmonic oscillator model. Analytical expressions are initially derived for the case of third-order response functions in an N-level system, with ground state initialization of the oscillator (zero-temperature limit). The results are then generalized to the case of Mth order response functions, with arbitrary M. The formal derivation is translated into a simple recipe, whereby the explicit analytical expressions of the response functions can be derived directly from the Feynman diagrams. We further generalize to the whole set of initial coherent states, which form an overcomplete basis. This allows one, in principle, to derive the dependence of the response functions on arbitrary initial states of the vibrational modes and is here applied to the case of thermal states. Finally, a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian approach is used to include in the above expressions the effect of vibrational relaxation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Filippo Troiani
- Centro S3, CNR-Istituto di Nanoscienze, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu WH, Luo JW, Li SS, Wang LW. The seeds and homogeneous nucleation of photoinduced nonthermal melting in semiconductors due to self-amplified local dynamic instability. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn4430. [PMID: 35857455 PMCID: PMC9258811 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced nonthermal melting in semiconductors has been studied over the past four decades, but the underlying mechanism is still under debate. Here, by using an advanced real-time time-dependent density functional theory simulation, we reveal that the photoexcitation-induced ultrafast nonthermal melting in silicon occurs via homogeneous nucleation with random seeds originating from a self-amplified local dynamic instability. Because of this local dynamic instability, any initial small random thermal displacements of atoms can be amplified by a charge transfer of photoexcited carriers, which, in turn, creates a local self-trapping center for the excited carriers and yields the random nucleation seeds. Because a sufficient amount of photoexcited hot carriers must be cooled down to band edges before participating in the self-amplification of local lattice distortions, the time needed for hot carrier cooling is the response for the longer melting time scales at shorter laser wavelengths. This finding provides fresh insights into photoinduced ultrafast nonthermal melting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding author. (J.-W.L.); (L.-W.W.)
| | - Shu-Shen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin-Wang Wang
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Corresponding author. (J.-W.L.); (L.-W.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Böckmann H, Horstmann JG, Razzaq AS, Wippermann S, Ropers C. Mode-selective ballistic pathway to a metastable electronic phase. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2022; 9:045102. [PMID: 35991705 PMCID: PMC9385219 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploiting vibrational excitation for the dynamic control of material properties is an attractive goal with wide-ranging technological potential. Most metal-to-insulator transitions are mediated by few structural modes and are, thus, ideal candidates for selective driving toward a desired electronic phase. Such targeted navigation within a generally multi-dimensional potential energy landscape requires microscopic insight into the non-equilibrium pathway. However, the exact role of coherent inertial motion across the transition state has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate mode-selective control over the metal-to-insulator phase transition of atomic indium wires on the Si(111) surface, monitored by ultrafast low-energy electron diffraction. We use tailored pulse sequences to individually enhance or suppress key phonon modes and thereby steer the collective atomic motion within the potential energy surface underlying the structural transformation. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the ballistic character of the structural transition along the deformation vectors of the Peierls amplitude modes. Our work illustrates that coherent excitation of collective modes via exciton-phonon interactions evades entropic barriers and enables the dynamic control of materials functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stefan Wippermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf 40237, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nanoscale self-organization and metastable non-thermal metallicity in Mott insulators. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3730. [PMID: 35764628 PMCID: PMC9240065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mott transitions in real materials are first order and almost always associated with lattice distortions, both features promoting the emergence of nanotextured phases. This nanoscale self-organization creates spatially inhomogeneous regions, which can host and protect transient non-thermal electronic and lattice states triggered by light excitation. Here, we combine time-resolved X-ray microscopy with a Landau-Ginzburg functional approach for calculating the strain and electronic real-space configurations. We investigate V2O3, the archetypal Mott insulator in which nanoscale self-organization already exists in the low-temperature monoclinic phase and strongly affects the transition towards the high-temperature corundum metallic phase. Our joint experimental-theoretical approach uncovers a remarkable out-of-equilibrium phenomenon: the photo-induced stabilisation of the long sought monoclinic metal phase, which is absent at equilibrium and in homogeneous materials, but emerges as a metastable state solely when light excitation is combined with the underlying nanotexture of the monoclinic lattice.
Collapse
|
29
|
Düvel M, Merboldt M, Bange JP, Strauch H, Stellbrink M, Pierz K, Schumacher HW, Momeni D, Steil D, Jansen GSM, Steil S, Novko D, Mathias S, Reutzel M. Far-from-Equilibrium Electron-Phonon Interactions in Optically Excited Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4897-4904. [PMID: 35649249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Comprehending far-from-equilibrium many-body interactions is one of the major goals of current ultrafast condensed matter physics research. Here, a particularly interesting but barely understood situation occurs during a strong optical excitation, where the electron and phonon systems can be significantly perturbed and the quasiparticle distributions cannot be described with equilibrium functions. In this work, we use time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to study such far-from-equilibrium many-body interactions for the prototypical material graphene. In accordance with theoretical simulations, we find remarkable transient renormalizations of the quasiparticle self-energy caused by the photoinduced nonequilibrium conditions. These observations can be understood by ultrafast scatterings between nonequilibrium electrons and strongly coupled optical phonons, which signify the crucial role of ultrafast nonequilibrium dynamics on many-body interactions. Our results advance the understanding of many-body physics in extreme conditions, which is important for any endeavor to optically manipulate or create non-equilibrium states of matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marten Düvel
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marco Merboldt
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Bange
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hannah Strauch
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Stellbrink
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Pierz
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Davood Momeni
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel Steil
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - G S Matthijs Jansen
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Steil
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dino Novko
- Institute of Physics, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stefan Mathias
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Reutzel
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ten Brink M, Gräber S, Hopjan M, Jansen D, Stolpp J, Heidrich-Meisner F, Blöchl PE. Real-time non-adiabatic dynamics in the one-dimensional Holstein model: Trajectory-based vs exact methods. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:234109. [PMID: 35732530 DOI: 10.1063/5.0092063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We benchmark a set of quantum-chemistry methods, including multitrajectory Ehrenfest, fewest-switches surface-hopping, and multiconfigurational-Ehrenfest dynamics, against exact quantum-many-body techniques by studying real-time dynamics in the Holstein model. This is a paradigmatic model in condensed matter theory incorporating a local coupling of electrons to Einstein phonons. For the two-site and three-site Holstein model, we discuss the exact and quantum-chemistry methods in terms of the Born-Huang formalism, covering different initial states, which either start on a single Born-Oppenheimer surface, or with the electron localized to a single site. For extended systems with up to 51 sites, we address both the physics of single Holstein polarons and the dynamics of charge-density waves at finite electron densities. For these extended systems, we compare the quantum-chemistry methods to exact dynamics obtained from time-dependent density matrix renormalization group calculations with local basis optimization (DMRG-LBO). We observe that the multitrajectory Ehrenfest method, in general, only captures the ultrashort time dynamics accurately. In contrast, the surface-hopping method with suitable corrections provides a much better description of the long-time behavior but struggles with the short-time description of coherences between different Born-Oppenheimer states. We show that the multiconfigurational Ehrenfest method yields a significant improvement over the multitrajectory Ehrenfest method and can be converged to the exact results in small systems with moderate computational efforts. We further observe that for extended systems, this convergence is slower with respect to the number of configurations. Our benchmark study demonstrates that DMRG-LBO is a useful tool for assessing the quality of the quantum-chemistry methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ten Brink
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Gräber
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Hopjan
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - D Jansen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Stolpp
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Heidrich-Meisner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - P E Blöchl
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Analysis of a q-deformed hyperbolic short laser pulse in a multi-level atomic system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9308. [PMID: 35661142 PMCID: PMC9166771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast laser pulse with a q-deformed hyperbolic function shape is investigated in a Multi-level atomic system. Therefore, we first derive the exact solution of the Bloch equations describing a two-level atom excited by a q-deformed laser pulse with dephasing and time-dependent detuning. Next, we analyze the dynamic of the atomic population inversion at resonance and off-resonance of a Rubidium 87 three-level atom driven by a classical weak field and a strong q-deformed control laser. Finally, in order to get a deeper insight of the probe field’s absorption and dispersion properties, we investigate the coherence’s dependence on the q-deformation. Our work demonstrates that, the dynamic of the atomic system can be fully controlled through the manipulation of the asymmetry scaling parameter q of the q-deformed hyperbolic laser wave-form.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu W, Wang Z, Chen Z, Luo J, Li S, Wang L. Algorithm advances and applications of time‐dependent first‐principles simulations for ultrafast dynamics. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhang‐Hui Chen
- Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | - Jun‐Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shu‐Shen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing China
| | - Lin‐Wang Wang
- Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cheng F, Li A, Wang S, Lin Y, Nan P, Wang S, Cheng N, Yue Y, Ge B. In Situ Investigation of the Phase Transition at the Surface of Thermoelectric PbTe with van der Waals Control. RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9762401. [PMID: 35425903 PMCID: PMC8978022 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9762401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The structure of thermoelectric materials largely determines the thermoelectric characteristics. Hence, a better understanding of the details of the structural transformation process/conditions can open doors for new applications. In this study, the structural transformation of PbTe (a typical thermoelectric material) is studied at the atomic scale, and both nucleation and growth are analyzed. We found that the phase transition mainly occurs at the surface of the material, and it is mainly determined by the surface energy and the degree of freedom the atoms have. After exposure to an electron beam and high temperature, high-density crystal-nuclei appear on the surface, which continue to grow into large particles. The particle formation is consistent with the known oriented-attachment growth mode. In addition, the geometric structure changes during the transformation process. The growth of nanoparticles is largely determined by the van der Waals force, due to which adjacent particles gradually move closer. During this movement, as the relative position of the particles changes, the direction of the interaction force changes too, which causes the particles to rotate by a certain angle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ao Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Siliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yangjian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Pengfei Nan
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ningyan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Binghui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim SW, Kim HJ, Cheon S, Kim TH. Circular Dichroism of Emergent Chiral Stacking Orders in Quasi-One-Dimensional Charge Density Waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:046401. [PMID: 35148124 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.046401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chirality-driven optical properties in charge density waves are of fundamental and practical importance. Here, we investigate the interaction between circularly polarized light and emergent chiral stacking orders in quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) charge-density waves (CDWs) with density-functional theory calculations. In our specific system, self-assembled In nanowires on a Si(111) surface, spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking leads to four symmetrically distinct degenerate quasi-1D CDW structures, which exhibit geometrical chirality. Such geometrical chirality may naturally induce optically active phenomena even when the quasi-1D CDW structures are stacked perpendicular to the CDW chain direction. Indeed, we find that left- and right-chiral stacking orders show distinct circular dichroism responses while a nonchiral stacking order has no circular dichroism. Such optical responses are attributed to the existence of glide mirror symmetry of the CDW stacking orders. Our findings suggest that the CDW chiral stacking orders can lead to diverse active optical phenomena such as chirality-dependent circular dichroism, which can be observed in scanning tunneling luminescence measurements with circularly polarized light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woo Kim
- Department of Physics and Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Peter Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich and JARA, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Sangmo Cheon
- Department of Physics and Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Institute for High Pressure, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- MPPHC-CPM, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang 37673, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guan MX, Liu XB, Chen DQ, Li XY, Qi YP, Yang Q, You PW, Meng S. Optical Control of Multistage Phase Transition via Phonon Coupling in MoTe_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:015702. [PMID: 35061482 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.015702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The temporal characters of laser-driven phase transition from 2H to 1T^{'} has been investigated in the prototype MoTe_{2} monolayer. This process is found to be induced by fundamental electron-phonon interactions, with an unexpected phonon excitation and coupling pathway closely related to the nonequilibrium relaxation of photoexcited electrons. The order-to-order phase transformation is dissected into three substages, involving energy and momentum scattering processes from optical (A_{1}^{'} and E^{'}) to acoustic phonon modes [LA(M)] in subpicosecond timescale. An intermediate metallic state along the nonadiabatic transition pathway is also identified. These results have profound implications on nonequilibrium phase engineering strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xin-Bao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Da-Qiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuan-Yi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ying-Peng Qi
- Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Pei-Wei You
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Park TG, Na HR, Chun SH, Cho WB, Lee S, Rotermund F. Coherent control of interlayer vibrations in Bi 2Se 3 van der Waals thin-films. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19264-19273. [PMID: 34787629 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05075c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Interlayer vibrations with discrete quantized modes in two-dimensional (2D) materials can be excited by ultrafast light due to the inherent low dimensionality and van der Waals force as a restoring force. Controlling such interlayer vibrations in layered materials, which are closely related to fundamental nanomechanical interactions and thermal transport, in spatial- and time-domain provides an in-depth understanding of condensed matters and potential applications for advanced phononic and photonics devices. The manipulation of interlayer vibrational modes has been implemented in a spatial domain through material design to develop novel optoelectronic and phononic devices with various 2D materials, but such control in a time domain is still lacking. We present an all-optical method for controlling the interlayer vibrations in a highly precise manner with Bi2Se3 as a promising optoelectronic and thermoelasticity material in layered structures using a coherently controlled pump and probe scheme. The observed thickness-dependent fast interlayer breathing modes and substrate-induced slow interfacial modes can be exactly explained by a modified linear chain model including coupling effect with substrate. In addition, the results of coherent control experiments also agree with the simulation results based on the interference of interlayer vibrations. This investigation is universally applicable for diverse 2D materials and provides insight into the interlayer vibration-related dynamics and novel device implementation based on an ultrafast timescale interlayer-spacing modulation scheme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gwan Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hong Ryeol Na
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyun Chun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - Won Bae Cho
- Welfare & Medical ICT Research Department, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Korea
| | - Sunghun Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - Fabian Rotermund
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Crippa G, Faccialà D, Prasannan Geetha P, Pusala A, Musheghyan M, Assion A, Bonanomi M, Cinquanta E, Ciriolo AG, Devetta M, Fazzi D, Gatto L, De Silvestri S, Vozzi C, Stagira S. Time-domain spectroscopy of methane excited by resonant high-energy mid-IR pulses. JPHYS PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ac0d0e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
We describe the implementation of nonlinear time-domain spectroscopy of rotovibrational IR-active modes in methane through broadband Four-Wave Mixing driven by resonant high-energy mid infrared laser pulses. At high driving pulse intensities we observe an efficient vibrational ladder climbing triggered in the molecules. This study opens the possibility to impulsively and selectively excite molecules of biological interest to high-lying vibrational states and to characterize their dynamics.
Collapse
|
38
|
Duan S, Cheng Y, Xia W, Yang Y, Xu C, Qi F, Huang C, Tang T, Guo Y, Luo W, Qian D, Xiang D, Zhang J, Zhang W. Optical manipulation of electronic dimensionality in a quantum material. Nature 2021; 595:239-244. [PMID: 34234338 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exotic phenomena can be achieved in quantum materials by confining electronic states into two dimensions. For example, relativistic fermions are realized in a single layer of carbon atoms1, the quantized Hall effect can result from two-dimensional (2D) systems2,3, and the superconducting transition temperature can be considerably increased in a one-atomic-layer material4,5. Ordinarily, a 2D electronic system can be obtained by exfoliating the layered materials, growing monolayer materials on substrates, or establishing interfaces between different materials. Here we use femtosecond infrared laser pulses to invert the periodic lattice distortion sectionally in a three-dimensional (3D) charge density wave material (1T-TiSe2), creating macroscopic domain walls of transient 2D ordered electronic states with unusual properties. The corresponding ultrafast electronic and lattice dynamics are captured by time-resolved and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy6 and ultrafast electron diffraction at energies of the order of megaelectronvolts7. Moreover, in the photoinduced 2D domain wall near the surface we identify a phase with enhanced density of states and signatures of potential opening of an energy gap near the Fermi energy. Such optical modulation of atomic motion is an alternative path towards realizing 2D electronic states and will be a useful platform upon which novel phases in quantum materials may be discovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengfeng Qi
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaozhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianwei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfeng Guo
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ling Y, Hu Y, Wang H, Niu B, Chen J, Liu R, Yuan Y, Wang G, Wu D, Xu M, Han Z, Du J, Xu Q. Strain Control of Phase Transition and Exchange Bias in Flexible Heusler Alloy Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24285-24294. [PMID: 33988027 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The practical applications for the distinctive functions of metamagnetic Heusler alloys, such as magnetic shape memory effect, various caloric effects, etc., strongly depend on the phase transition temperatures. Here, flexible Heusler alloy Ni-Mn-Sn films have been deposited on mica substrates by pulsed laser deposition with a Ti buffer layer. Clear ferromagnetic (FM) transition followed by the martensitic transformation at around room temperature and exchange bias (EB) with a blocking temperature of 70 K are observed. Under the application of both tensile and compressive strains by bending the mica substrates, all the characteristic temperatures of Ni-Mn-Sn films, including the FM transition temperature, martensitic transformation temperature, and blocking temperature of EB, are significantly increased by about 10 K. Furthermore, EB field and coercivity are both strongly strengthened, which is mainly caused by the simultaneous enhancement of FM and anti-FM Mn-Mn coupling because of their shortened separations by strain and verified by the Monte Carlo simulation results. The strain controlling for structural and magnetic properties provides efficient manipulation for Heusler alloy-based magnetic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yechao Ling
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Haobo Wang
- Department of Physics, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Ben Niu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Ruobai Liu
- Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Di Wu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Artificial Functional Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mingxiang Xu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhida Han
- Department of Physics, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qingyu Xu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing 210008, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Femtosecond control of phonon dynamics near a magnetic order critical point. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2865. [PMID: 34001880 PMCID: PMC8129429 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin-phonon interaction in spin density wave (SDW) systems often determines the free energy landscape that drives the evolution of the system. When a passing energy flux, such as photoexcitation, drives a crystalline system far from equilibrium, the resulting lattice displacement generates transient vibrational states. Manipulating intermediate vibrational states in the vicinity of the critical point, where the SDW order parameter changes dramatically, would then allow dynamical control over functional properties. Here we combine double photoexcitation with an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) probe to control and detect the lifetime and magnitude of the intermediate vibrational state near the critical point of the SDW in chromium. We apply Landau theory to identify the mechanism of control as a repeated partial quench and sub picosecond recovery of the SDW. Our results showcase the capabilities to influence and monitor quantum states by combining multiple optical photoexcitations with an XFEL probe. They open new avenues for manipulating and researching the behaviour of photoexcited states in charge and spin order systems near the critical point. Precise control of vibrational states coupled to electronic degrees of freedom could enable control over charge or magnetic order in a material. Here, the authors use a double-pulse photoexcitation combined with an X-ray probe to control vibrational states near the critical point of spin density wave in Cr films.
Collapse
|
41
|
Bach N, Schäfer S. Ultrafast strain propagation and acoustic resonances in nanoscale bilayer systems. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2021; 8:035101. [PMID: 34169119 PMCID: PMC8214470 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast structural probing has greatly enhanced our understanding of the coupling of atomic motion to electronic and phononic degrees-of-freedom in quasi-bulk materials. In bi- and multilayer model systems, additionally, spatially inhomogeneous relaxation channels are accessible, often governed by pronounced interfacial couplings and local excitations in confined geometries. Here, we systematically explore the key dependencies of the low-frequency acoustic phonon spectrum in an elastically mismatched metal/semiconductor bilayer system optically excited by femtosecond laser pulses. We track the spatiotemporal strain wave propagation in the heterostructure employing a discrete numerical linear chain simulation and access acoustic wave reflections and interfacial couplings with a phonon mode description based on a continuum mechanics model. Due to the interplay of elastic properties and mass densities of the two materials, acoustic resonance frequencies of the heterostructure significantly differ from breathing modes in monolayer films. For large acoustic mismatch, the spatial localization of phonon eigenmodes is derived from analytical approximations and can be interpreted as harmonic oscillations in decoupled mechanical resonators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Bach
- Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - S. Schäfer
- Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chavarría-Sibaja A, Marín-Sosa S, Bolaños-Jiménez E, Hernández-Calderón M, Herrera-Sancho OA. MgO surface lattice phonons observation during interstellar ice transition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6149. [PMID: 33731796 PMCID: PMC7969629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Relevant information on the origins of the solar system and the early evolution of life itself can be derive from systematic and controlled exploration of water ice here on Earth. Therefore, over the last decades, a huge effort on experimental methodologies has been made to study the multiple crystal ice phases, which are observed outside our home-gravitational-potential. By employing (100)-oriented MgO lattice surface as a microcantilever sensor, we conducted the first ever study on the dynamics of the Structural Phase Transition at 185 K in water ice by means of coherent elastic scattering of electron diffraction. We estimate the amount of phonons caused by this transition applying precise quantum computing key tools, and resulting in a maximum value of 1.23 ± 0.02. Further applications of our microcantilever sensor were assessed using unambiguous mapping of the surface stress induced by the c([Formula: see text]) → p([Formula: see text]) Structural Phase Transition of the interstellar ice formulated on the Williamsom-Hall model. This development paves the way and thus establishes an efficient characterization tool of the surface mechanical strains of materials with potential applications arising from interstellar ice inclusive glaciers to the wide spectrum of solid-state physics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chavarría-Sibaja
- Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | - S Marín-Sosa
- Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | - E Bolaños-Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica
| | - M Hernández-Calderón
- Escuela de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, 30101, Costa Rica
| | - O A Herrera-Sancho
- Escuela de Física, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica.
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica.
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Atómicas Nucleares y Moleculares, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica.
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Arte, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 2060, Costa Rica.
| |
Collapse
|