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Li T, Xing HM, Qian HD, Gao Q, Xu SL, Ma H, Chi ZL. Small extracellular vesicles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated neural progenitor cells mitigate retinal ganglion cell degeneration in a mouse model of optic nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:587-597. [PMID: 38819069 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00034/figure1/v/2024-05-28T214302Z/r/image-tiff Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) promotes the survival of injured neurons. However, a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limits their clinical application. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) contain bioactive molecules for neuronal protection and regeneration. Previous studies have shown that stem/progenitor cell-derived sEVs can promote neuronal survival and recovery of neurological function in neurodegenerative eye diseases and other eye diseases. In this study, we intravitreally transplanted sEVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and hiPSCs-differentiated NPCs (hiPSC-NPC) in a mouse model of optic nerve crush. Our results show that these intravitreally injected sEVs were ingested by retinal cells, especially those localized in the ganglion cell layer. Treatment with hiPSC-NPC-derived sEVs mitigated optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration, and regulated the retinal microenvironment by inhibiting excessive activation of microglia. Component analysis further revealed that hiPSC-NPC derived sEVs transported neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory miRNA cargos to target cells, which had protective effects on RGCs after optic nerve injury. These findings suggest that sEVs derived from hiPSC-NPC are a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for optic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hui-Min Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Dong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zai-Long Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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2
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Yang J, Lei W, Xiao Y, Tan S, Yang J, Lin Y, Yang Z, Zhao D, Zhang C, Shen Z, Hu S. Generation of human vascularized and chambered cardiac organoids for cardiac disease modelling and drug evaluation. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13631. [PMID: 38453465 PMCID: PMC11294415 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiac organoids (COs) have shown great potential in modelling human heart development and cardiovascular diseases, a leading cause of global death. However, several limitations such as low reproducibility, limited vascularization and difficulty in formation of cardiac chamber were yet to be overcome. We established a new method for robust generation of COs, via combination of methodologies of hiPSC-derived vascular spheres and directly differentiated cardiomyocytes from hiPSCs, and investigated the potential application of human COs in cardiac injury modelling and drug evaluation. The human COs we built displayed a vascularized and chamber-like structure, and hence were named vaschamcardioids (vcCOs). These vcCOs exhibited approximately 90% spontaneous beating ratio. Single-cell transcriptomics identified a total of six cell types in the vcCOs, including cardiomyocytes, cardiac precursor cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, etc. We successfully recaptured the processes of cardiac injury and fibrosis in vivo on vcCOs, and showed that the FDA-approved medication captopril significantly attenuated cardiac injury-induced fibrosis and functional disorders. In addition, the human vcCOs exhibited an obvious drug toxicity reaction to doxorubicin in a dose-dependent manner. We developed a three-step method for robust generation of chamber-like and vascularized complex vcCOs, and our data suggested that vcCOs might become a useful model for understanding pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases, developing intervention strategies and screening drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shuai Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jiani Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yingjiong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhuangzhuang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Affiliated HospitalSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSuzhou Medical College, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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3
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Zhang S, Xiao X, Yi Y, Wang X, Zhu L, Shen Y, Lin D, Wu C. Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and interventional targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:149. [PMID: 38890350 PMCID: PMC11189549 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process, with oncogenic mutations in a normal cell conferring clonal advantage as the initial event. However, despite pervasive somatic mutations and clonal expansion in normal tissues, their transformation into cancer remains a rare event, indicating the presence of additional driver events for progression to an irreversible, highly heterogeneous, and invasive lesion. Recently, researchers are emphasizing the mechanisms of environmental tumor risk factors and epigenetic alterations that are profoundly influencing early clonal expansion and malignant evolution, independently of inducing mutations. Additionally, clonal evolution in tumorigenesis reflects a multifaceted interplay between cell-intrinsic identities and various cell-extrinsic factors that exert selective pressures to either restrain uncontrolled proliferation or allow specific clones to progress into tumors. However, the mechanisms by which driver events induce both intrinsic cellular competency and remodel environmental stress to facilitate malignant transformation are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the genetic, epigenetic, and external driver events, and their effects on the co-evolution of the transformed cells and their ecosystem during tumor initiation and early malignant evolution. A deeper understanding of the earliest molecular events holds promise for translational applications, predicting individuals at high-risk of tumor and developing strategies to intercept malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaosen Zhang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglin Yi
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yanrong Shen
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Genomic Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Changping Laboratory, 100021, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- CAMS Oxford Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100006, Beijing, China.
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4
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Xiao Y, Jin W, Qian K, Ju L, Wang G, Wu K, Cao R, Chang L, Xu Z, Luo J, Shan L, Yu F, Chen X, Liu D, Cao H, Wang Y, Cao X, Zhou W, Cui D, Tian Y, Ji C, Luo Y, Hong X, Chen F, Peng M, Zhang Y, Wang X. Integrative Single Cell Atlas Revealed Intratumoral Heterogeneity Generation from an Adaptive Epigenetic Cell State in Human Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308438. [PMID: 38582099 PMCID: PMC11200000 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) of bladder cancer (BLCA) contributes to therapy resistance and immune evasion affecting clinical prognosis. The molecular and cellular mechanisms contributing to BLCA ITH generation remain elusive. It is found that a TM4SF1-positive cancer subpopulation (TPCS) can generate ITH in BLCA, evidenced by integrative single cell atlas analysis. Extensive profiling of the epigenome and transcriptome of all stages of BLCA revealed their evolutionary trajectories. Distinct ancestor cells gave rise to low-grade noninvasive and high-grade invasive BLCA. Epigenome reprograming led to transcriptional heterogeneity in BLCA. During early oncogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition generated TPCS. TPCS has stem-cell-like properties and exhibited transcriptional plasticity, priming the development of transcriptionally heterogeneous descendent cell lineages. Moreover, TPCS prevalence in tumor is associated with advanced stage cancer and poor prognosis. The results of this study suggested that bladder cancer interacts with its environment by acquiring a stem cell-like epigenomic landscape, which might generate ITH without additional genetic diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Wan Jin
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
- Euler TechnologyBeijing102206China
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Lingao Ju
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Kai Wu
- Euler TechnologyBeijing102206China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of UrologyBeijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100050China
| | | | - Zilin Xu
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of PathologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | | | - Fang Yu
- Department of PathologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | | | | | - Hong Cao
- Department of PathologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Yejinpeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Xinyue Cao
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
- Clinical Trial CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on TransplantationInstitute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Diansheng Cui
- Department of UrologyHubei Cancer HospitalWuhan430079China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of UrologyBeijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100050China
| | - Chundong Ji
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua UniversityPanzhihua617099China
| | - Yongwen Luo
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of UrologyPeking University International HospitalBeijing102206China
| | - Fangjin Chen
- Center for Quantitative BiologySchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100091China
| | - Minsheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and EvolutionKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life ScienceUniversity of Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Euler TechnologyBeijing102206China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Department of Biological Repositories, Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
- Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China
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5
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Huang T, Lu Z, Wang Z, Cheng L, Gao L, Gao J, Zhang N, Geng CA, Zhao X, Wang H, Wong CW, Yeung KWK, Pan H, Lu WW, Guan M. Targeting adipocyte ESRRA promotes osteogenesis and vascular formation in adipocyte-rich bone marrow. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3769. [PMID: 38704393 PMCID: PMC11069533 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) accumulation often occurs under diverse pathophysiological conditions associated with bone deterioration. Estrogen-related receptor α (ESRRA) is a key regulator responding to metabolic stress. Here, we show that adipocyte-specific ESRRA deficiency preserves osteogenesis and vascular formation in adipocyte-rich bone marrow upon estrogen deficiency or obesity. Mechanistically, adipocyte ESRRA interferes with E2/ESR1 signaling resulting in transcriptional repression of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1); yet positively modulates leptin expression by binding to its promoter. ESRRA abrogation results in enhanced SPP1 and decreased leptin secretion from both visceral adipocytes and BMAds, concertedly dictating bone marrow stromal stem cell fate commitment and restoring type H vessel formation, constituting a feed-forward loop for bone formation. Pharmacological inhibition of ESRRA protects obese mice against bone loss and high marrow adiposity. Thus, our findings highlight a therapeutic approach via targeting adipocyte ESRRA to preserve bone formation especially in detrimental adipocyte-rich bone milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongling Huang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhaocheng Lu
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zihui Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Neuroscience Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Kelvin W K Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haobo Pan
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - William Weijia Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Guan
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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6
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Loh JJ, Ma S. Hallmarks of cancer stemness. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:617-639. [PMID: 38701757 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stemness is recognized as a key component of tumor development. Previously coined "cancer stem cells" (CSCs) and believed to be a rare population with rigid hierarchical organization, there is good evidence to suggest that these cells exhibit a plastic cellular state influenced by dynamic CSC-niche interplay. This revelation underscores the need to reevaluate the hallmarks of cancer stemness. Herein, we summarize the techniques used to identify and characterize the state of these cells and discuss their defining and emerging hallmarks, along with their enabling and associated features. We also highlight potential future directions in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jian Loh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China; Centre for Translational and Stem Cell Biology, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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7
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Guo J, Zeng X, Zhu Y, Yang D, Zhao X. Mesothelin-based CAR-T cells exhibit potent antitumor activity against ovarian cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:367. [PMID: 38637885 PMCID: PMC11025286 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by its rapid growth and spread which, accompanied by a low 5-year survival rate, necessitates the development of improved treatments. In ovarian cancer, the selective overexpression of Mucin-16 (MUC16, CA125) in tumor cells highlights its potential as a promising target for developing anti-tumor therapies. However, the potential effectiveness of CAR-T cell therapy that targets MUC16 in ovarian cancer cells is unknown. METHODS The expression of MUC16 in viable OC cells was detected using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry techniques. A MSLN-CAR construct, comprising the MUC16-binding polypeptide region of mesothelin (MSLN), a CD8 hinge spacer and transmembrane domain, 4-1BB, and CD3ζ endo-domains; was synthesized and introduced into T cells using lentiviral particles. The cytotoxicity of the resultant CAR-T cells was evaluated in vitro using luciferase assays. Cytokine release by CAR-T cells was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The anti-tumor efficacy of the CAR-T cells was subsequently assessed in mice through both systemic and local administration protocols. RESULTS MSLN-CAR T cells exhibited potent cytotoxicity towards OVCAR3 cells and their stem-like cells that express high levels of MUC16. Also, MSLN-CAR T cells were inefficient at killing SKOV3 cells that express low levels of MUC16, but were potently cytotoxic to such cells overexpressing MUC16. Moreover, MSLN-CAR T cells delivered via tail vein or peritoneal injection could shrink OVCAR3 xenograft tumors in vivo, with sustained remission observed following peritoneal delivery of MSLN-CAR T cells. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggested that MSLN-CAR T cells could potently eliminate MUC16- positive ovarian cancer tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo, thereby providing a promising therapeutic intervention for MUC16-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaozhu Zeng
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Luo R, Liu J, Wen J, Zhou X. Single-cell Landscape of Malignant Transition: Unraveling Cancer Cell-of-Origin and Heterogeneous Tissue Microenvironment. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4085185. [PMID: 38645221 PMCID: PMC11030487 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4085185/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding disease progression and sophisticated tumor ecosystems is imperative for investigating tumorigenesis mechanisms and developing novel prevention strategies. Here, we dissected heterogeneous microenvironments during malignant transitions by leveraging data from 1396 samples spanning 13 major tissues. Within transitional stem-like subpopulations highly enriched in precancers and cancers, we identified 30 recurring cellular states strongly linked to malignancy, including hypoxia and epithelial senescence, revealing a high degree of plasticity in epithelial stem cells. By characterizing dynamics in stem-cell crosstalk with the microenvironment along the pseudotime axis, we found differential roles of ANXA1 at different stages of tumor development. In precancerous stages, reduced ANXA1 levels promoted monocyte differentiation toward M1 macrophages and inflammatory responses, whereas during malignant progression, upregulated ANXA1 fostered M2 macrophage polarization and cancer-associated fibroblast transformation by increasing TGF-β production. Our spatiotemporal analysis further provided insights into mechanisms responsible for immunosuppression and a potential target to control evolution of precancer and mitigate the risk for cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiajia Liu
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Jianguo Wen
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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9
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Yuan S, Almagro J, Fuchs E. Beyond genetics: driving cancer with the tumour microenvironment behind the wheel. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:274-286. [PMID: 38347101 PMCID: PMC11077468 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cancer has long been viewed as a genetic disease of cumulative mutations. This notion is fuelled by studies showing that ageing tissues are often riddled with clones of complex oncogenic backgrounds coexisting in seeming harmony with their normal tissue counterparts. Equally puzzling, however, is how cancer cells harbouring high mutational burden contribute to normal, tumour-free mice when allowed to develop within the confines of healthy embryos. Conversely, recent evidence suggests that adult tissue cells expressing only one or a few oncogenes can, in some contexts, generate tumours exhibiting many of the features of a malignant, invasive cancer. These disparate observations are difficult to reconcile without invoking environmental cues triggering epigenetic changes that can either dampen or drive malignant transformation. In this Review, we focus on how certain oncogenes can launch a two-way dialogue of miscommunication between a stem cell and its environment that can rewire downstream events non-genetically and skew the morphogenetic course of the tissue. We review the cells and molecules of and the physical forces acting in the resulting tumour microenvironments that can profoundly affect the behaviours of transformed cells. Finally, we discuss possible explanations for the remarkable diversity in the relative importance of mutational burden versus tumour microenvironment and its clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Yuan
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge Almagro
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Chauhan A, Gangopadhyay S, Koshta K, Singh S, Singh D, Srivastava V. Activated fibroblasts modify keratinocyte stem niche through TET1 and IL-6 to promote their rapid transformation in a mouse model of prenatal arsenic exposure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6904. [PMID: 38519574 PMCID: PMC10959921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Early life exposure to environmental pollutants such as arsenic (As) can increase the risk of cancers in the offspring. In an earlier study, we showed that only prenatal As exposure significantly increases epidermal stem cell proliferation and accelerates skin tumorigenesis in BALB/c mouse offspring. In the present work, we have examined the role of As-conditioned dermal fibroblasts (DFs) in creating pro-tumorigenic niches for Keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) in the offspring. DFs isolated from prenatally exposed animals showed increased levels of activation markers (α-SMA, Fibronectin, Collagen IV), induction of ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1(TET1), and secreted high levels of niche modifying IL-6. This led to enhanced proliferation, migration, and survival of KSCs. Increased IL-6 production in As-conditioned fibroblast was driven through TET1 mediated 5-mC to 5-hmC conversion at -698/-526 and -856/-679 region on its promoter. IL-6 further acted through downstream activation of JAK2-STAT3 signaling, promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in KSCs. Inhibition of pSTAT3 induced by IL-6 reduced the EMT process in KSCs resulting in a significant decrease in their proliferation, migration, and colony formation. Our results indicate that IL-6 produced by prenatally conditioned fibroblasts plays a major role in regulating the KSC niche and promoting skin tumor development in As-exposed offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Chauhan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Siddhartha Gangopadhyay
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kavita Koshta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sukhveer Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Srivastava
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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11
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Lin S, Li D, Yang Y, Yu M, Zhao R, Li J, Peng L. Single-cell RNA-Seq Elucidates the Crosstalk Between Cancer Stem Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2024; 15:1093-1109. [PMID: 38230205 PMCID: PMC10788724 DOI: 10.7150/jca.92185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The challenge of systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stems from the development of drug resistance, primarily driven by the interplay between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, there is a notable dearth of comprehensive research investigating the crosstalk between CSCs and stromal cells or immune cells within the TME of HCC. Methods: We procured single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data from 16 patients diagnosed with HCC. Employing meticulous data quality control and cell annotation procedures, we delineated distinct CSCs subtypes and performed multi-omics analyses encompassing metabolic activity, cell communication, and cell trajectory. These analyses shed light on the potential molecular mechanisms governing the interaction between CSCs and the TME, while also identifying CSCs' developmental genes. By combining these developmental genes, we employed machine learning algorithms and RT-qPCR to construct and validate a prognostic risk model for HCC. Results: We successfully identified CSCs subtypes residing within malignant cells. Through meticulous enrichment analysis and assessment of metabolic activity, we discovered anomalous metabolic patterns within the CSCs microenvironment, including hypoxia and glucose deprivation. Moreover, CSCs exhibited aberrant activity in signaling pathways associated with lipid metabolism. Furthermore, our investigations into cell communication unveiled that CSCs possess the capacity to modulate stromal cells and immune cells through the secretion of MIF or MDK, consequently exerting regulatory control over the TME. Finally, through cell trajectory analysis, we found developmental genes of CSCs. Leveraging these genes, we successfully developed and validated a prognostic risk model (APCS, ADH4, FTH1, and HSPB1) with machine learning and RT-qPCR. Conclusions: By means of single-cell multi-omics analysis, this study offers valuable insights into the potential molecular mechanisms governing the interaction between CSCs and the TME, elucidating the pivotal role CSCs play within the TME. Additionally, we have successfully established a comprehensive clinical prognostic model through bulk RNA-Seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danfei Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Yu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhao
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghao Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, South China University of Technology, Foshan, China
| | - Lisheng Peng
- Department of Hepatology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Suh SB, Suh JY, Cho SB. Analyzing secretory proteins in human dermal fibroblast-conditioned medium for angiogenesis: A bioinformatic approach. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13568. [PMID: 38200622 PMCID: PMC10781896 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conditioned medium from human dermal fibroblasts (dermal fibroblast-conditioned medium; DFCM) contains a diverse array of secretory proteins, including growth factors and wound repair-promoting proteins. Angiogenesis, a crucial process that facilitates the infiltration of inflammatory cells during wound repair, is induced by a hypoxic environment and inflammatory cytokines. METHODS In this study, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of 337 proteins identified through proteomics analysis of DFCM. We specifically focused on 64 DFCM proteins with potential involvement in angiogenesis. These proteins were further classified based on their characteristics, and we conducted a detailed analysis of their protein-protein interactions. RESULTS Gene Ontology protein classification categorized these 64 DFCM proteins into various classes, including metabolite interconversion enzymes (N = 11), protein modifying enzymes (N = 10), protein-binding activity modulators (N = 9), cell adhesion molecules (N = 6), extracellular matrix proteins (N = 6), transfer/carrier proteins (N = 3), calcium-binding proteins (N = 2), chaperones (N = 2), cytoskeletal proteins (N = 2), RNA metabolism proteins (N = 1), intercellular signal molecules (N = 1), transporters (N = 1), scaffold/adaptor proteins (N = 1), and unclassified proteins (N = 9). Furthermore, our protein-protein interaction network analysis of DFCM proteins revealed two distinct networks: one with medium confidence level interaction scores, consisting of 60 proteins with significant connections, and another at a high confidence level, comprising 52 proteins with significant interactions. CONCLUSIONS Our bioinformatic analysis highlights the presence of a multitude of secretory proteins in DFCM that form significant protein-protein interaction networks crucial for regulating angiogenesis. These findings underscore the critical roles played by DFCM proteins in various stages of angiogenesis during the wound repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sung Bin Cho
- Yonsei Seran Dermatology and Laser ClinicSeoulSouth Korea
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13
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Peng X, Zheng J, Liu T, Zhou Z, Song C, Geng Y, Wang Z, Huang Y. Tumor Microenvironment Heterogeneity, Potential Therapeutic Avenues, and Emerging Therapies. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:288-307. [PMID: 37537777 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230712095021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review describes the comprehensive portrait of tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, we provided a panoramic perspective on the transformation and functions of the diverse constituents in TME, and the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance, beginning with the immune cells and metabolic dynamics within TME. Lastly, we summarized the most auspicious potential therapeutic strategies. RESULTS TME is a unique realm crafted by malignant cells to withstand the onslaught of endogenous and exogenous therapies. Recent research has revealed many small-molecule immunotherapies exhibiting auspicious outcomes in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, some pro-immune mechanisms have emerged as a potential avenue. With the advent of nanosystems and precision targeting, targeted therapy has now transcended the "comfort zone" erected by cancer cells within TME. CONCLUSION The ceaseless metamorphosis of TME fosters the intransigent resilience and proliferation of tumors. However, existing therapies have yet to surmount the formidable obstacles posed by TME. Therefore, scientists should investigate potential avenues for therapeutic intervention and design innovative pharmacological and clinical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jingfan Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tianzi Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ziwen Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chen Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zichuan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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14
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Paas-Oliveros E, Hernández-Lemus E, de Anda-Jáuregui G. Computational single cell oncology: state of the art. Front Genet 2023; 14:1256991. [PMID: 38028624 PMCID: PMC10663273 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1256991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Single cell computational analysis has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of oncology, enabling researchers to decipher the complex cellular heterogeneity that characterizes cancer. By leveraging computational algorithms and bioinformatics approaches, this methodology provides insights into the underlying genetic, epigenetic and transcriptomic variations among individual cancer cells. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of single cell computational analysis in oncology, discussing the key computational techniques employed for data processing, analysis, and interpretation. We explore the challenges associated with single cell data, including data quality control, normalization, dimensionality reduction, clustering, and trajectory inference. Furthermore, we highlight the applications of single cell computational analysis, including the identification of novel cell states, the characterization of tumor subtypes, the discovery of biomarkers, and the prediction of therapy response. Finally, we address the future directions and potential advancements in the field, including the development of machine learning and deep learning approaches for single cell analysis. Overall, this paper aims to provide a roadmap for researchers interested in leveraging computational methods to unlock the full potential of single cell analysis in understanding cancer biology with the goal of advancing precision oncology. For this purpose, we also include a notebook that instructs on how to apply the recommended tools in the Preprocessing and Quality Control section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Paas-Oliveros
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Investigadores por Mexico, Conahcyt, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Ji ZZ, Chan MKK, Chan ASW, Leung KT, Jiang X, To KF, Wu Y, Tang PMK. Tumour-associated macrophages: versatile players in the tumour microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1261749. [PMID: 37965573 PMCID: PMC10641386 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1261749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) are one of the pivotal components of the tumour microenvironment. Their roles in the cancer immunity are complicated, both pro-tumour and anti-cancer activities are reported, including not only angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, immunosuppression, drug resistance but also phagocytosis and tumour regression. Interestingly, TAMs are highly dynamic and versatile in solid tumours. They show anti-cancer or pro-tumour activities, and interplay between the tumour microenvironment and cancer stem cells and under specific conditions. In addition to the classic M1/M2 phenotypes, a number of novel dedifferentiation phenomena of TAMs are discovered due to the advanced single-cell technology, e.g., macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) and macrophage-neuron transition (MNT). More importantly, emerging information demonstrated the potential of TAMs on cancer immunotherapy, suggesting by the therapeutic efficiency of the checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor engineered cells based on macrophages. Here, we summarized the latest discoveries of TAMs from basic and translational research and discussed their clinical relevance and therapeutic potential for solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoey Zeyuan Ji
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Max Kam-Kwan Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alex Siu-Wing Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Perturbation of 3D nuclear architecture, epigenomic dysregulation and aging, and cannabinoid synaptopathy reconfigures conceptualization of cannabinoid pathophysiology: part 1-aging and epigenomics. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1182535. [PMID: 37732074 PMCID: PMC10507876 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1182535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Much recent attention has been directed toward the spatial organization of the cell nucleus and the manner in which three-dimensional topologically associated domains and transcription factories are epigenetically coordinated to precisely bring enhancers into close proximity with promoters to control gene expression. Twenty lines of evidence robustly implicate cannabinoid exposure with accelerated organismal and cellular aging. Aging has recently been shown to be caused by increased DNA breaks. These breaks rearrange and maldistribute the epigenomic machinery to weaken and reverse cellular differentiation, cause genome-wide DNA demethylation, reduce gene transcription, and lead to the inhibition of developmental pathways, which contribute to the progressive loss of function and chronic immune stimulation that characterize cellular aging. Both cell lineage-defining superenhancers and the superanchors that control them are weakened. Cannabis exposure phenocopies the elements of this process and reproduces DNA and chromatin breakages, reduces the DNA, RNA protein and histone synthesis, interferes with the epigenomic machinery controlling both DNA and histone modifications, induces general DNA hypomethylation, and epigenomically disrupts both the critical boundary elements and the cohesin motors that create chromatin loops. This pattern of widespread interference with developmental programs and relative cellular dedifferentiation (which is pro-oncogenic) is reinforced by cannabinoid impairment of intermediate metabolism (which locks in the stem cell-like hyper-replicative state) and cannabinoid immune stimulation (which perpetuates and increases aging and senescence programs, DNA damage, DNA hypomethylation, genomic instability, and oncogenesis), which together account for the diverse pattern of teratologic and carcinogenic outcomes reported in recent large epidemiologic studies in Europe, the USA, and elsewhere. It also accounts for the prominent aging phenotype observed clinically in long-term cannabis use disorder and the 20 characteristics of aging that it manifests. Increasing daily cannabis use, increasing use in pregnancy, and exponential dose-response effects heighten the epidemiologic and clinical urgency of these findings. Together, these findings indicate that cannabinoid genotoxicity and epigenotoxicity are prominent features of cannabis dependence and strongly indicate coordinated multiomics investigations of cannabinoid genome-epigenome-transcriptome-metabolome, chromatin conformation, and 3D nuclear architecture. Considering the well-established exponential dose-response relationships, the diversity of cannabinoids, and the multigenerational nature of the implications, great caution is warranted in community cannabinoid penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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17
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Cazzola A, Calzón Lozano D, Menne DH, Dávila Pedrera R, Liu J, Peña-Jiménez D, Fontenete S, Halin C, Perez-Moreno M. Lymph Vessels Associate with Cancer Stem Cells from Initiation to Malignant Stages of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13615. [PMID: 37686421 PMCID: PMC10488284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated lymph vessels and lymph node involvement are critical staging criteria in several cancers. In skin squamous cell carcinoma, lymph vessels play a role in cancer development and metastatic spread. However, their relationship with the cancer stem cell niche at early tumor stages remains unclear. To address this gap, we studied the lymph vessel localization at the cancer stem cell niche and observed an association from benign skin lesions to malignant stages of skin squamous cell carcinoma. By co-culturing lymphatic endothelial cells with cancer cell lines representing the initiation and promotion stages, and conducting RNA profiling, we observed a reciprocal induction of cell adhesion, immunity regulation, and vessel remodeling genes, suggesting dynamic interactions between lymphatic and cancer cells. Additionally, imaging analyses of the cultured cells revealed the establishment of heterotypic contacts between cancer cells and lymph endothelial cells, potentially contributing to the observed distribution and maintenance at the cancer stem cell niche, inducing downstream cellular responses. Our data provide evidence for an association of lymph vessels from the early stages of skin squamous cell carcinoma development, opening new avenues for better comprehending their involvement in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cazzola
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Calzón Lozano
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis Hirsch Menne
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Raquel Dávila Pedrera
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jingcheng Liu
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Peña-Jiménez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UAX), Avenida de la Universidad 1, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Fontenete
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Mirna Perez-Moreno
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Xia L, Chen Y, Li J, Wang J, Shen K, Zhao A, Jin H, Zhang G, Xi Q, Xia S, Shi T, Li R. B7-H3 confers stemness characteristics to gastric cancer cells by promoting glutathione metabolism through AKT/pAKT/Nrf2 pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1977-1989. [PMID: 37488673 PMCID: PMC10431251 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cells in tumors that exhibit self-renewal and differentiation properties. CSCs play a vital role in tumor formation, progression, relapse, and therapeutic resistance. B7-H3, an immunoregulatory protein, has many protumor functions. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the role of B7-H3 in regulating gastric cancer (GC) stemness. Our study aimed to explore the impacts of B7-H3 on GC stemness and its underlying mechanism. METHODS GC stemness influenced by B7-H3 was detected both in vitro and in vivo . The expression of stemness-related markers was examined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. Sphere formation assay was used to detect the sphere-forming ability. The underlying regulatory mechanism of B7-H3 on the stemness of GC was investigated by mass spectrometry and subsequent validation experiments. The signaling pathway (Protein kinase B [Akt]/Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [Nrf2] pathway) of B7-H3 on the regulation of glutathione (GSH) metabolism was examined by Western blotting assay. Multi-color immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was used to detect the expression of B7-H3, cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), and Nrf2 on human GC tissues. Student's t -test was used to compare the difference between two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between two molecules. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. RESULTS B7-H3 knockdown suppressed the stemness of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo . Mass spectrometric analysis showed the downregulation of GSH metabolism in short hairpin B7-H3 GC cells, which was further confirmed by the experimental results. Meanwhile, stemness characteristics in B7-H3 overexpressing cells were suppressed after the inhibition of GSH metabolism. Furthermore, Western blotting suggested that B7-H3-induced activation of GSH metabolism occurred through the AKT/Nrf2 pathway, and inhibition of AKT signaling pathway could suppress not only GSH metabolism but also GC stemness. mIHC showed that B7-H3 was highly expressed in GC tissues and was positively correlated with the expression of CD44 and Nrf2. Importantly, GC patients with high expression of B7-H3, CD44, and Nrf2 had worse prognosis ( P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS B7-H3 has a regulatory effect on GC stemness and the regulatory effect is achieved through the AKT/Nrf2/GSH pathway. Inhibiting B7-H3 expression may be a new therapeutic strategy against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Juntao Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Kanger Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Anjing Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Qinhua Xi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Suhua Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
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19
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Li K, Ma Y, Xia X, Huang H, Li J, Wang X, Gao Y, Zhang S, Fu T, Tong Y. Possible correlated signaling pathways with chronic urate nephropathy: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34540. [PMID: 37565908 PMCID: PMC10419604 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia nephropathy, also known as gouty nephropathy, refers to renal damage induced by hyperuricemia caused by excessive production of serum uric acid or low excretion of uric acid. the persistence of symptoms will lead to changes in renal tubular phenotype and accelerate the progress of renal fibrosis. The existence and progressive aggravation of symptoms will bring a heavy burden to patients, their families and society, affect their quality of life and reduce their well-being. With the increase of reports on hyperuricemia nephropathy, the importance of related signal pathways in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia nephropathy is becoming more and more obvious, but most studies are limited to the upper and lower mediating relationship between 1 or 2 signal pathways. The research on the comprehensiveness of signal pathways and the breadth of crosstalk between signal pathways is limited. By synthesizing the research results of signal pathways related to hyperuricemia nephropathy in recent years, this paper will explore the specific mechanism of hyperuricemia nephropathy, and provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of hyperuricemia nephropathy based on a variety of signal pathway crosstalk and personal prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqing Li
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yanchun Ma
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Huili Huang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Shuxiang Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Fu
- Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
| | - Ying Tong
- First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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20
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Stewart KS, Gonzales KAU, Yuan S, Tierney MT, Bonny AR, Yang Y, Infarinato NR, Cowley CJ, Levorse JM, Pasolli HA, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV, Fuchs E. Stem cells tightly regulate dead cell clearance to maintain tissue fitness. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.22.541773. [PMID: 37293114 PMCID: PMC10245816 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.22.541773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages and dendritic cells have long been appreciated for their ability to migrate to and engulf dying cells and debris, including some of the billions of cells that are naturally eliminated from our body daily. However, a substantial number of these dying cells are cleared by 'non-professional phagocytes', local epithelial cells that are critical to organismal fitness. How non-professional phagocytes sense and digest nearby apoptotic corpses while still performing their normal tissue functions is unclear. Here, we explore the molecular mechanisms underlying their multifunctionality. Exploiting the cyclical bouts of tissue regeneration and degeneration during the hair cycle, we show that stem cells can transiently become non-professional phagocytes when confronted with dying cells. Adoption of this phagocytic state requires both local lipids produced by apoptotic corpses to activate RXRα, and tissue-specific retinoids for RARγ activation. This dual factor dependency enables tight regulation of the genes requisite to activate phagocytic apoptotic clearance. The tunable phagocytic program we describe here offers an effective mechanism to offset phagocytic duties against the primary stem cell function of replenishing differentiated cells to preserve tissue integrity during homeostasis. Our findings have broad implications for other non-motile stem or progenitor cells which experience cell death in an immune-privileged niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Stewart
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin AU Gonzales
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shaopeng Yuan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew T Tierney
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alain R Bonny
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yihao Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole R Infarinato
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J Cowley
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John M Levorse
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hilda Amalia Pasolli
- Electron Microscopy Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sourav Ghosh
- Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Departments of Immunobiology and Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Almagro J, Messal HA. Volume imaging to interrogate cancer cell-tumor microenvironment interactions in space and time. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176594. [PMID: 37261345 PMCID: PMC10228654 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Volume imaging visualizes the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of tumors to unravel the dynamic crosstalk between cancer cells and the heterogeneous landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tissue clearing and intravital microscopy (IVM) constitute rapidly progressing technologies to study the architectural context of such interactions. Tissue clearing enables high-resolution imaging of large samples, allowing for the characterization of entire tumors and even organs and organisms with tumors. With IVM, the dynamic engagement between cancer cells and the TME can be visualized in 3D over time, allowing for acquisition of 4D data. Together, tissue clearing and IVM have been critical in the examination of cancer-TME interactions and have drastically advanced our knowledge in fundamental cancer research and clinical oncology. This review provides an overview of the current technical repertoire of fluorescence volume imaging technologies to study cancer and the TME, and discusses how their recent applications have been utilized to advance our fundamental understanding of tumor architecture, stromal and immune infiltration, vascularization and innervation, and to explore avenues for immunotherapy and optimized chemotherapy delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Almagro
- Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hendrik A. Messal
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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22
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Senft D. Leptin fuels non-genetic skin tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:56. [PMID: 36631549 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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