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Goecke T, Ius F, Ruhparwar A, Martin U. Unlocking the Future: Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Lung Repair. Cells 2024; 13:635. [PMID: 38607074 PMCID: PMC11012168 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human respiratory system is susceptible to a variety of diseases, ranging from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary fibrosis to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Today, lung diseases represent one of the major challenges to the health care sector and represent one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Current treatment options often focus on managing symptoms rather than addressing the underlying cause of the disease. The limitations of conventional therapies highlight the urgent clinical need for innovative solutions capable of repairing damaged lung tissue at a fundamental level. Pluripotent stem cell technologies have now reached clinical maturity and hold immense potential to revolutionize the landscape of lung repair and regenerative medicine. Meanwhile, human embryonic (HESCs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be coaxed to differentiate into lung-specific cell types such as bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, or pulmonary endothelial cells. This holds the promise of regenerating damaged lung tissue and restoring normal respiratory function. While methods for targeted genetic engineering of hPSCs and lung cell differentiation have substantially advanced, the required GMP-grade clinical-scale production technologies as well as the development of suitable preclinical animal models and cell application strategies are less advanced. This review provides an overview of current perspectives on PSC-based therapies for lung repair, explores key advances, and envisions future directions in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Goecke
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabio Ius
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Arjang Ruhparwar
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Martin
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development /Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.I.); (A.R.)
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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2
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Hetzel M, Gensch I, Ackermann M, Lachmann N. Adaptation of Human iPSC-Derived Macrophages Toward an Alveolar Macrophage-Like Phenotype Post-Intra-Pulmonary Transfer into Murine Models. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2713:463-479. [PMID: 37639142 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3437-0_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) represent crucial immune cells in the bronchioalveolar space of the lung. Given the important role in the host defense machinery and lung tissue homeostasis, AMs have been linked to a variety of diseases and thus represent a promising target cell type for novel therapies. The emerging importance of AM underlines the necessity to isolate and/or generate proper cellular models, which facilitate basic biology and translational science. As of yet, most studies focus on the derivation of AM from the murine system. This chapter introduces the use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived primitive macrophages, which can be further matured towards an AM-like phenotype upon intra-pulmonary transfer into mice. We will give a brief overview on the generation of primitive iPSC-derived macrophages, which is followed by a detailed, step-by-step description of the intra-pulmonary transfer of cells and the follow-up procedures needed to isolate the iPSC-derived, AM-like cells from the lungs post-transfer. The chapter provides an alternative approach to derive human AM-like cells, which can be used to study human AM biology and to investigate novel therapeutic interventions using primitive macrophages from iPSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hetzel
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingrid Gensch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mania Ackermann
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Hannover, Germany.
- Hannover Medical School, Cluster of Excellence - Resolving Infection Susceptibility (RESIST, EXC 2155), Hannover, Germany.
- Hannover Medical School, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
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3
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Yang X, Chen D, Sun Q, Wang Y, Xia Y, Yang J, Lin C, Dang X, Cen Z, Liang D, Wei R, Xu Z, Xi G, Xue G, Ye C, Wang LP, Zou P, Wang SQ, Rivera-Fuentes P, Püntener S, Chen Z, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhao Y. A live-cell image-based machine learning strategy for reducing variability in PSC differentiation systems. Cell Discov 2023; 9:53. [PMID: 37280224 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into diverse functional cell types provides a promising solution to support drug discovery, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. However, functional cell differentiation is currently limited by the substantial line-to-line and batch-to-batch variabilities, which severely impede the progress of scientific research and the manufacturing of cell products. For instance, PSC-to-cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation is vulnerable to inappropriate doses of CHIR99021 (CHIR) that are applied in the initial stage of mesoderm differentiation. Here, by harnessing live-cell bright-field imaging and machine learning (ML), we realize real-time cell recognition in the entire differentiation process, e.g., CMs, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), PSC clones, and even misdifferentiated cells. This enables non-invasive prediction of differentiation efficiency, purification of ML-recognized CMs and CPCs for reducing cell contamination, early assessment of the CHIR dose for correcting the misdifferentiation trajectory, and evaluation of initial PSC colonies for controlling the start point of differentiation, all of which provide a more invulnerable differentiation method with resistance to variability. Moreover, with the established ML models as a readout for the chemical screen, we identify a CDK8 inhibitor that can further improve the cell resistance to the overdose of CHIR. Together, this study indicates that artificial intelligence is able to guide and iteratively optimize PSC differentiation to achieve consistently high efficiency across cell lines and batches, providing a better understanding and rational modulation of the differentiation process for functional cell manufacturing in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Daichao Chen
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushi Sun
- Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyu Yang
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zimu Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Liang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wei
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Can Ye
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Salome Püntener
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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von Schledorn L, Puertollano Martín D, Cleve N, Zöllner J, Roth D, Staar BO, Hegermann J, Ringshausen FC, Nawroth J, Martin U, Olmer R. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Patient-Specific hiPSC-Derived Airway Epithelium in Air-Liquid Interface Culture Recapitulates Disease Specific Phenotypes In Vitro. Cells 2023; 12:1467. [PMID: 37296588 PMCID: PMC10252476 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare heterogenic genetic disorder associated with perturbed biogenesis or function of motile cilia. Motile cilia dysfunction results in diminished mucociliary clearance (MCC) of pathogens in the respiratory tract and chronic airway inflammation and infections successively causing progressive lung damage. Current approaches to treat PCD are symptomatic, only, indicating an urgent need for curative therapeutic options. Here, we developed an in vitro model for PCD based on human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived airway epithelium in Air-Liquid-Interface cultures. Applying transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, ciliary beat frequency, and mucociliary transport measurements, we could demonstrate that ciliated respiratory epithelia cells derived from two PCD patient-specific hiPSC lines carrying mutations in DNAH5 and NME5, respectively, recapitulate the respective diseased phenotype on a molecular, structural and functional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura von Schledorn
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (U.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - David Puertollano Martín
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (U.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Cleve
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (U.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Janina Zöllner
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (U.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Doris Roth
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus and Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ben Ole Staar
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix C. Ringshausen
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Respiratory Diseases (ERN-LUNG), 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janna Nawroth
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus and Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Martin
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (U.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Olmer
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany (U.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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5
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Demchenko A, Kondrateva E, Tabakov V, Efremova A, Salikhova D, Bukharova T, Goldshtein D, Balyasin M, Bulatenko N, Amelina E, Lavrov A, Smirnikhina S. Airway and Lung Organoids from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Can Be Used to Assess CFTR Conductance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076293. [PMID: 37047264 PMCID: PMC10094586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway and lung organoids derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are current models for personalized drug screening, cell–cell interaction studies, and lung disease research. We analyzed the existing differentiation protocols and identified the optimal conditions for obtaining organoids. In this article, we describe a step-by-step protocol for differentiating hiPSCs into airway and lung organoids. We obtained airway and lung organoids from a healthy donor and from five donors with cystic fibrosis. Analysis of the cellular composition of airway and lung organoids showed that airway organoids contain proximal lung epithelial cells, while lung organoids contain both proximal and distal lung epithelial cells. Forskolin-induced swelling of organoids derived from a healthy donor showed that lung organoids, as well as airway organoids, contain functional epithelial cells and swell after 24 h exposure to forskolin, which makes it a suitable model for analyzing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel conductance in vitro. Thus, our results demonstrate the feasibility of generating and characterizing airway and lung organoids from hiPSCs, which can be used for a variety of future applications.
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Tsukamoto M, Kimura K, Yoshida T, Sugiura K, Hatoya S. Canine induced pluripotent stem cells efficiently differentiate into definitive endoderm in 3D cell culture conditions using high-dose activin A. Regen Ther 2022; 21:502-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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7
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Varghese B, Ling Z, Ren X. Reconstructing the pulmonary niche with stem cells: a lung story. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:161. [PMID: 35410254 PMCID: PMC8996210 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The global burden of pulmonary disease highlights an overwhelming need in improving our understanding of lung development, disease, and treatment. It also calls for further advances in our ability to engineer the pulmonary system at cellular and tissue levels. The discovery of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offsets the relative inaccessibility of human lungs for studying developmental programs and disease mechanisms, all the while offering a potential source of cells and tissue for regenerative interventions. This review offers a perspective on where the lung stem cell field stands in terms of accomplishing these ambitious goals. We will trace the known stages and pathways involved in in vivo lung development and how they inspire the directed differentiation of stem and progenitor cells in vitro. We will also recap the efforts made to date to recapitulate the lung stem cell niche in vitro via engineered cell–cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbie Varghese
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Scott Hall 4N111, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zihan Ling
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Scott Hall 4N111, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Scott Hall 4N111, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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8
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Pan T, Wang N, Zhang J, Yang F, Chen Y, Zhuang Y, Xu Y, Fang J, You K, Lin X, Li Y, Li S, Liang K, Li YX, Gao Y. Efficiently generate functional hepatic cells from human pluripotent stem cells by complete small-molecule strategy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:159. [PMID: 35410439 PMCID: PMC8996222 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various methods have been developed to generate hepatic cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that rely on the combined use of multiple expensive growth factors, limiting industrial-scale production and widespread applications. Small molecules offer an attractive alternative to growth factors for producing hepatic cells since they are more economical and relatively stable. METHODS We dissect small-molecule combinations and identify the ideal cocktails to achieve an optimally efficient and cost-effective strategy for hepatic cells differentiation, expansion, and maturation. RESULTS We demonstrated that small-molecule cocktail CIP (including CHIR99021, IDE1, and PD0332991) efficiently induced definitive endoderm (DE) formation via increased endogenous TGF-β/Nodal signaling. Furthermore, we identified that combining Vitamin C, Dihexa, and Forskolin (VDF) could substitute growth factors to induce hepatic specification. The obtained hepatoblasts (HBs) could subsequently expand and mature into functional hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) by the established chemical formulas. Thus, we established a stepwise strategy with complete small molecules for efficiently producing scalable HBs and functionally matured HLCs. The small-molecule-derived HLCs displayed typical functional characteristics as mature hepatocytes in vitro and repopulating injured liver in vivo. CONCLUSION Our current small-molecule-based hepatic generation protocol presents an efficient and cost-effective platform for the large-scale production of functional human hepatic cells for cell-based therapy and drug discovery using.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingcai Pan
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou , Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jiaye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yuanqi Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ji Fang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Kai You
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Xianhua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yang Li
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou , Guangdong, China
| | - Shao Li
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou , Guangdong, China
| | - Kangyan Liang
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou , Guangdong, China
| | - Yin-Xiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biocomputing, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yi Gao
- General Surgery Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou , Guangdong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Ackermann M, Rafiei Hashtchin A, Manstein F, Carvalho Oliveira M, Kempf H, Zweigerdt R, Lachmann N. Continuous human iPSC-macrophage mass production by suspension culture in stirred tank bioreactors. Nat Protoc 2022; 17:513-539. [PMID: 35039668 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the potential to enable the development of cell-based therapies for numerous disease conditions. We here provide a detailed protocol for the mass production of iPSC-derived macrophages (iPSC-Mac) in scalable suspension culture on an orbital shaker or in stirred-tank bioreactors (STBRs). This strategy is straightforward, robust and characterized by the differentiation of primed iPSC aggregates into 'myeloid-cell-forming-complex' intermediates by means of a minimal cytokine cocktail. In contrast to the 'batch-like differentiation approaches' established for other iPSC-derived lineages, myeloid-cell-forming-complex-intermediates are stably maintained in suspension culture and continuously generate functional and highly pure iPSC-Mac. Employing a culture volume of 120 ml in the STBR platform, ~1-4 × 107 iPSC-Mac can be harvested at weekly intervals for several months. The STBR technology allows for real-time monitoring of crucial process parameters such as biomass, pH, dissolved oxygen, and nutrition levels; the system also promotes systematic process development, optimization and linear upscaling. The process duration, from the expansion of iPSC until the first iPSC-Mac harvest, is 28 d. Successful application of the protocol requires expertise in pluripotent stem cell culture, differentiation and analytical methods, such as flow cytometry. Fundamental know-how in biotechnology is also advantageous to run the process in the STBR platform. The continuous, scalable production of well-defined iPSC-Mac populations is highly relevant to various fields, ranging from developmental biology, immunology and cell therapies to industrial applications for drug safety and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Rafiei Hashtchin
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Manstein
- REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marco Carvalho Oliveira
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Kempf
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH, Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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10
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Manstein F, Ullmann K, Triebert W, Zweigerdt R. Process control and in silico modeling strategies for enabling high density culture of human pluripotent stem cells in stirred tank bioreactors. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100988. [PMID: 34917976 PMCID: PMC8666714 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The routine therapeutic and industrial applications of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) require their constant mass supply by robust, efficient, and economically viable bioprocesses. Our protocol describes the fully controlled expansion of hPSCs in stirred tank bioreactors (STBRs) enabling cell densities of 35 × 106 cells/mL while reducing culture medium consumption by 75%. This is achieved by in silico process modeling and computable upscaling. We provide a detailed blueprint for systematic process development of hPSCs and their progenies. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Manstein et al. (2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Manstein
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Corresponding author
| | - Kevin Ullmann
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Wiebke Triebert
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Corresponding author
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11
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Iworima DG, Rieck S, Kieffer TJ. Process parameter development for the scaled generation of stem cell-derived pancreatic endocrine cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1459-1469. [PMID: 34387389 PMCID: PMC8550703 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.21-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a debilitating disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. The global prevalence of this disease has been projected to reach 700 million adults by the year 2045. Type 1 diabetes represents about 10% of the reported cases of diabetes. Although islet transplantation can be a highly effective method to treat type 1 diabetes, its widespread application is limited by the paucity of cadaveric donor islets. The use of pluripotent stem cells as an unlimited cell source to generate insulin‐producing cells for implant is a promising alternative for treating diabetes. However, to be clinically relevant, it is necessary to manufacture these stem cell‐derived cells at sufficient scales. Significant advances have been made in differentiation protocols used to generate stem cell‐derived cells capable of reversing diabetes in animal models and for testing in clinical trials. We discuss the potential of both stem cell‐derived pancreatic progenitors and more matured insulin‐producing cells to treat diabetes. We discuss the need for rigorous bioprocess parameter optimization and identify some critical process parameters and strategies that may influence the critical quality attributes of the cells with the goal of facilitating scalable manufacturing of human pluripotent stem cell‐derived pancreatic endocrine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diepiriye G Iworima
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Timothy J Kieffer
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Development of a Human Intestinal Organoid Model for In Vitro Studies on Gut Inflammation and Fibrosis. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9929461. [PMID: 34354753 PMCID: PMC8331310 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9929461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis, the latter being the predominant denominator for long-term complications. Epithelial and mesenchymal 2D cultures are highly utilized in vitro models for the preclinical evaluation of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic therapies. More recently, human intestinal organoids (HIOs), a new 3D in vitro model derived from pluripotent stem cells, have the advantage to closely resemble the architecture of the intestinal mucosa. However, the appropriate timing for the study of inflammatory and fibrotic responses, during HIO development, has not been adequately investigated. We developed HIOs from the human embryonic stem cell line, H1, and examined the expression of mesenchymal markers during their maturation process. We also investigated the effect of inflammatory stimuli on the expression of fibrotic and immunological mediators. Serial evaluation of the expression of mesenchymal and extracellular matrix (ECM) markers revealed that HIOs have an adequately developed mesenchymal component, which gradually declines through culture passages. Specifically, CD90, collagen type I, collagen type III, and fibronectin were highly expressed in early passages but gradually diminished in late passages. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and TNF-α induced the mRNA expression of fibronectin, collagen types I and III, tissue factor (TF), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) primarily in early passages. Similarly, HIOs elicited strong mRNA and protein mesenchymal (CXCL10) and epithelial (CXCL1, CCL2, CXCL8, and CCL20) chemokine responses in early but not late passages. In contrast, the epithelial tight junction components, CLDN1 and JAMA, responded to inflammatory stimulation independently of the culture passage. Our findings indicate that this HIO model contains a functional mesenchymal component, during early passages, and underline the significance of the mesenchymal cells' fitness in inflammatory and fibrotic responses. Therefore, we propose that this model is suitable for the study of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in early passages when the mesenchymal component is active.
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