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Wei N, Xiong J, Ma J, Ye J, Si Y, Cao S. Development of efficient, sensitive, and specific detection method for Encephalomyocarditis virus based on CRISPR/Cas13a. J Virol Methods 2022; 309:114592. [PMID: 35905814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is one of the major zoonosis pathogens, and it can cause acute myocarditis in young pigs or reproductive failure in sows. EMCV has been recognized as a pathogen infecting many species and causes substantial economic losses worldwide. Therefore, the development of a rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection of this virus is essential for the diagnosis and control of the EMCV-induced disease. The RNA-guiding, RNA-targeting CRISPR effector CRISPR/Cas13a (Cas13a, previously known as C2c2) exhibits a "collateral effect" of promiscuous RNase activity upon the target recognition. When the crRNA of LwCas13a binds to the target RNA, the collateral cleavage activity of LwCas13a is activated to degrade the non-targeted RNA. In this study, we developed an efficient, sensitive, and specific EMCV detection method based on the collateral cleavage activity of LwCas13a by combining recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and a lateral flow strip. This method was an isothermal detection at 37 °C, which allowed visual observation by the naked eyes. We also optimized the reaction conditions of this method, and the detection result could be obtained within 60 min. The sensitivity of our method reached up to 101 copies/µL. Furthermore, no cross-reactions with other 8 major swine viruses were observed, indicating the excellent specificity of this method. At the same time, the assay had a 100 % coincidence rate with qPCR detection of the EMCV in 37 clinical samples. In addition, our developed method requires only 2-step operations and basic equipment, and thus it is simple and inexpensive. Overall, CRISPR/Cas13a-based detection has a great application potential for the EMCV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junyao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Youhui Si
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Shengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Rapid detection of porcine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) by isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assays. J Virol Methods 2022; 306:114544. [PMID: 35595156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we combined reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assay with the fluorescence detection platform (qRT-RPA) and lateral flow biosensor (LFB RT-RPA) to allow for rapid detection of porcine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). Primers and probes were designed to target the highly conserved region of 3D gene of porcine EMCV. The optimal reaction condition of qRT-RPA and LFB RT-RPA was set as 42 °C for 20 min. The assays were highly specific to EMCV and no cross-reactions were observed with seven other porcine viruses. With a 10-fold serially diluted EMCV genomic RNA as template, the limit of detection was 1.0 × 102 and 1.0 × 101 copies for qRT-RPA assay and LFB RT-RPA assay, respectively. A total of 92 samples from different sources were examined using qRT-RPA, LFB RT-RPA and qRT-PCR. We found 100% diagnostic agreement between qRT-RPA (23/92) and qRT-PCR (23/92), and 97.83% diagnostic agreement between LFB RT-RPA (25/92) and qRT-PCR (23/92). There was no significant difference in performance between the RT-RPA assays developed in this study and a previously described qRT-PCR. However, RT-RPA assays were rapid and easy to perform while LFB RT-RPA exhibited higher sensitivity for EMCV than qRT-PCR. Therefore, the developed EMCV RT-RPA assays provide an attractive and promising tool for effective detection of EMCV in low-resource settings.
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Kishimoto M, Hang'ombe BM, Hall WW, Orba Y, Sawa H, Sasaki M. Mastomys natalensis is a possible natural rodent reservoir for encephalomyocarditis virus. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33533710 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infects a wide range of hosts and can cause encephalitis, myocarditis, reproductive disorders and diabetes mellitus in selected mammalian species. As for humans, EMCV infection seems to occur by the contact with animals and can cause febrile illnesses in some infected patients. Here we isolated EMCV strain ZM12/14 from a natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis: M. natalensis) in Zambia. Pairwise sequence similarity of the ZM12/14 P1 region consisting of antigenic capsid proteins showed the highest similarity of nucleotide (80.7 %) and amino acid (96.2%) sequence with EMCV serotype 1 (EMCV-1). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZM12/14 clustered into EMCV-1 at the P1 and P3 regions but segregated from known EMCV strains at the P2 region, suggesting a unique evolutionary history. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) screening and neutralizing antibody assays for EMCV were performed using collected tissues and serum from various rodents (n=179) captured in different areas in Zambia. We detected the EMCV genome in 19 M. natalensis (19/179=10.6 %) and neutralizing antibody for EMCV in 33 M. natalensis (33/179=18.4 %). However, we did not detect either the genome or neutralizing antibody in other rodent species. High neutralizing antibody litres (≧320) were observed in both RT-PCR-negative and -positive animals. Inoculation of ZM12/14 caused asymptomatic persistent infection in BALB/c mice with high antibody titres and high viral loads in some organs, consistent with the above epidemiological results. This study is the first report of the isolation of EMCV in Zambia, suggesting that M. natalensis may play a role as a natural reservoir of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Kishimoto
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Bernard M Hang'ombe
- Africa Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
- Department of Para-clinical Studies, School of Veterinary and Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - William W Hall
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yasuko Orba
- International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michihito Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Genomic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a new canine picornavirus variant in the mainland of China. Virus Res 2021; 296:198351. [PMID: 33639222 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new canine picornavirus (CanPV) variant, designated as dog/SH1901/CHN/2019, was detected in a pool of various canine fecal samples in the mainland of China using a viral metagenomic analysis, and its nearly complete genome sequence was determined and analyzed. Sequence analyses revealed that it had a standard picornavirus genome organization, a type I internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the 5'UTR. However, dog/SH1901/CHN/2019 has generated a serial of unique aa mutations and 7aa insertion when compared with the closely related CanPVs. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise sequence comparisons based on the P1, 2C, 3C, and 3D protein sequences showed that dog/SH1901/ CHN/2019 was closely related to CanPV strains 244 F, 325 F and 6D, which clustered into an independent evolutionary clade and distantly related to CanPV strain A128thr of the genus Mischivirus, which indicated the unclassified CanPV strains may belong to a novel species or genus in the family Picornaviridae. This study extends our knowledge on the evolution and genetic diversity of CanPVs.
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Zheng J, Xu Y, Khan A, Wang S, Li H, Sun N. In vitro Screening of Traditional Chinese Medicines Compounds Derived with Anti-encephalomyocarditis Virus Activities. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Li X, Ma R, Li Q, Li S, Zhang H, Xie J, Bai J, Idris A, Feng R. Transmembrane Protein 39A Promotes the Replication of Encephalomyocarditis Virus via Autophagy Pathway. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2680. [PMID: 31849860 PMCID: PMC6901969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) causes encephalitis, myocarditis, neuropathy, reproductive disorders, and diabetes in animals. EMCV is known to induce cell autophagy; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Here, we show that the type III-transmembrane protein, transmembrane protein 39A (TMEM39A), plays a critical role in EMCV replication. We showed that EMCV GS01 strain infection upregulated TMEM39A expression. Importantly, EMCV induced autophagy in a range of host cells. The autophagy chemical inhibitor, 3-MA, inhibited EMCV replication and reduced TMEM39A expression. This is the first study demonstrating TMEM39A promoting the replication of EMCV via autophagy. Overall, we show that TMEM39A plays a positive regulatory role in EMCV proliferation and that TMEM39A expression is dependent on the autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruixian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingying Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Adi Idris
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ruofei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou, China
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Doysabas KCC, Oba M, Furuta M, Iida K, Omatsu T, Furuya T, Okada T, Sutummaporn K, Shimoda H, Wong ML, Wu CH, Ohmori Y, Kobayashi R, Hengjan Y, Yonemitsu K, Kuwata R, Kim YK, Han SH, Sohn JH, Han SH, Suzuki K, Kimura J, Maeda K, Oh HS, Endoh D, Mizutani T, Hondo E. Encephalomyocarditis virus is potentially derived from eastern bent-wing bats living in East Asian countries. Virus Res 2018; 259:62-67. [PMID: 30391400 PMCID: PMC7114854 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
EMCV genome was widely found in fecal guanos in Taiwanese, Korean, and Japanese caves. Miniopterus fuliginosus is the main source of the fecal guano. It is possible that Miniopterus fuliginosus is one of the natural hosts of EMCV in East Asia.
Bats are reservoir hosts of many zoonotic viruses and identification of viruses that they carry is important. This study aimed to use high throughput screening to identify the viruses in fecal guano of Taiwanese insectivorous bats caves in order to obtain more information on bat-derived pathogenic viruses in East Asia. Guano samples were collected from two caves in Taiwan, pooled, and then subjected to Multiplex PCR-based next generation sequencing for viral identification. Subsequently, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) sequence was detected and confirmed by reverse transcription PCR. EMCV is considered as rodent virus and thus, animal species identification through cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcoding was further done to identify the viral source. Finally, determination of distribution and verification of the presence of EMCV in guano obtained from Japanese and South Korean caves was also done. We concluded that the guano collected was not contaminated with the excrement of rodents which were reported and presumed to live in Taiwan. Also, EMCV genome fragments were found in guanos of Japanese and South Korean caves. It is possible that the eastern bent-wing bat (Miniopterus fuliginosus) is one of the natural hosts of EMCV in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Cristine C Doysabas
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mami Oba
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Masaya Furuta
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keisuke Iida
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Omatsu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Furuya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kripitch Sutummaporn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yasushige Ohmori
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yupadee Hengjan
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoo-Kyung Kim
- Institute of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Han
- Institute of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Joon-Hyuk Sohn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Han
- Natural Institute of Biological Resources, South Korea
| | | | - Junpei Kimura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy and Cell Biology and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ken Maeda
- Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hong-Shik Oh
- Institute of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Daiji Endoh
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hondo
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
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Liu H, Li Y, Zhang G, Sang S, Wang C, Chang H. Complete genome sequences and phylogenetic analysis of encephalomyocarditis virus strains isolated from pigs and rats origin. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 55:277-280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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