1
|
Alipour B, Veisi Malekshahi Z, Pourjafar F, Faridi-Majidi R, Negahdari B. Anticancer effects of simvastatin-loaded albumin nanoparticles on monolayer and spheroid models of breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 734:150591. [PMID: 39255745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prominent cause of death among women and is distinguished by a high occurrence of metastasis. From this perspective, apart from conventional therapies, several alternative approaches have been researched and explored in recent years, including the utilization of nano-albumin and statin medications like simvastatin. The objective of this study was to prepare albumin nanoparticles incorporating simvastatin by the self-assembly method and evaluate their impact on breast cancer metastasis and apoptosis. The data showed the prepared nanoparticles have a diameter of 185 ± 24nm and a drug loading capacity of 8.85 %. The findings exhibit improved release in a lysosomal-like environment and under acidic pH conditions. MTT data showed that nanoparticles do not exhibit a dose-dependent effect on cells. Additionally, the results from MTT, flow cytometry, and qPCR analyses demonstrated that nanoparticles have a greater inhibitory and lethal effect on MDA-MB-231 cells compared to normal simvastatin. And cause cells to accumulate in the G0/G1 phase, initiating apoptotic pathways by inhibiting cell cycle progression. Nanoparticles containing simvastatin can prevent cell invasion and migration in both monolayer and spheroid models, as compared to simvastatin alone, at microscopic levels and in gene expression. The obtained data clearly showed that, compared to simvastatin, nanoparticles containing simvastatin demonstrated significant efficacy in suppressing the growth, proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells in monolayer (2D) and spheroid (3D) models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behruz Alipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ziba Veisi Malekshahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Pourjafar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi-Majidi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Becceneri AB, Martin MT, Graminha AE, Cominetti MR, Ford PC, Santana da Silva R. The effect of light irradiation on a nitro-ruthenium porphyrin complex in the induced death of lung cancer cells in two- and three-dimensional cultures: Insights into the effect of nitric oxide. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11264-11275. [PMID: 38695514 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00381k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Efforts to find compounds selectively affecting cancer cells while sparing normal ones have continued to grow. Nitric oxide (NO) is critical in physiology and pathology, including cancer. It influences cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The intricate interaction of NO with cancer cells offers innovative treatment possibilities, but its effects can vary by concentration and site. Ruthenium complexes capable of releasing NO upon stimulation show for this purpose. These versatile compounds can also enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT), a light-activated approach, which induces cellular damage. Ruthenium-based photosensitizers (PSs), delivering NO and producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), offer a novel strategy for improved cancer treatments. In this study, a nitro-ruthenium porphyrin conjugate: {TPyP[Ru(NO2)(bpy)2]4}(PF6)4, designated RuNO2TPyP, which releases NO upon irradiation, was investigated for its effects on lung cells (non-tumor MRC-5 and tumor A549) in 2D and 3D cell cultures. The findings suggest that this complex has potential for PDT treatment in lung cancer, as it exhibits photocytotoxicity at low concentrations without causing cytotoxicity to normal lung cells. Moreover, treatment of cells with RuNO2TPyP followed by light irradiation (4 J cm-2) can induce apoptosis, generate ROS, promote intracellular NO formation, and has anti-migratory effects. Additionally, the complex can modify tumor cell structures and induce photocytotoxicity and apoptosis in a 3D culture. These outcomes are attributed to the internalization of the complex and its subsequent activation upon light irradiation, resulting in NO release and singlet oxygen production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Blanque Becceneri
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Torelli Martin
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Angelica Ellen Graminha
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Peter C Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110-9510, USA
| | - Roberto Santana da Silva
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Bioinorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110-9510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Naik R, Gupte S. Optimization of media components for enhanced carotenoid production by Paracoccus marcusii RSPO1 and assessment of their cytotoxicity against A549 and vero cells. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:764-778. [PMID: 38165781 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2282533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we tried to explore the influence of various tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates on carotenoid production and with a focus on enhancing pigment biosynthesis, we conducted two statistical analysis. In case of TCA intermediates influence on pigment production by Paracoccus marcusii RSPO1; fumaric acid, and malic acid were observed as potent enhancers of pigment biosynthesis. Further, to optimize key media components for enhanced carotenoid production, the Plackett-Burman design was employed encompassing carbon, nitrogen sources, TCA cycle intermediates, and metal salts. The selected factors after Plackett Burman were fine-tuned through Response Surface Methodology and the optimal concentrations that have remarkably elevated carotenoid production were starch-2.24 g/l, MgSO4-0.416 g/l, ZnSO4-0.0157 g/l, and fumaric Acid-16 mM. Further, evaluation of pigment cytotoxicity against normal (Vero) and Non-Small Cell Carcinoma (A549) cells was performed. The resultant IC50 values were quantified as 161.3 µg/ml and 7.623 µg/ml for Vero and A549 cells, respectively. Moreover, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination study in A549 cells was done which have shown a noteworthy threefold ROS production in A549 cells through fluorescence spectroscopic observation. This implies that the bacterial carotenoids can act as potent pro-oxidants against cancerous cells while being nontoxic toward normal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Naik
- Department of Microbiology, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Science (ARIBAS), CVM University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Shilpa Gupte
- Department of Microbiology, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Science (ARIBAS), CVM University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tan WN, Samling BA, Tong WY, Chear NJY, Yusof SR, Lim JW, Tchamgoue J, Leong CR, Ramanathan S. Chitosan-Based Nanoencapsulated Essential Oils: Potential Leads against Breast Cancer Cells in Preclinical Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:478. [PMID: 38399856 PMCID: PMC10891598 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, essential oils (EOs) derived from aromatic plants have played a significant role in promoting human health. EOs are widely used in biomedical applications due to their medicinal properties. EOs and their constituents have been extensively studied for treating various health-related disorders, including cancer. Nonetheless, their biomedical applications are limited due to several drawbacks. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer the potential for utilising EO-loaded nanoparticles in the treatment of various diseases. In this aspect, chitosan (CS) appears as an exceptional encapsulating agent owing to its beneficial attributes. This review highlights the use of bioactive EOs and their constituents against breast cancer cells. Challenges associated with the use of EOs in biomedical applications are addressed. Essential information on the benefits of CS as an encapsulant, the advantages of nanoencapsulated EOs, and the cytotoxic actions of CS-based nanoencapsulated EOs against breast cancer cells is emphasised. Overall, the nanodelivery of bioactive EOs employing polymeric CS represents a promising avenue against breast cancer cells in preclinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Nee Tan
- Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Benedict Anak Samling
- Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia;
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Woei-Yenn Tong
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nelson Jeng-Yeou Chear
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia; (N.J.-Y.C.); (S.R.Y.); (S.R.)
| | - Siti R. Yusof
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia; (N.J.-Y.C.); (S.R.Y.); (S.R.)
| | - Jun-Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia;
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Joseph Tchamgoue
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé P.O. Box 812, Cameroon;
| | - Chean-Ring Leong
- Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Alor Gajah 78000, Melaka, Malaysia;
| | - Surash Ramanathan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia; (N.J.-Y.C.); (S.R.Y.); (S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thalappil MA, Singh P, Carcereri de Prati A, Sahoo SK, Mariotto S, Butturini E. Essential oils and their nanoformulations for breast cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:556-591. [PMID: 37919622 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer in the world. Current treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy but often are associated with high toxicity to normal tissues, chemoresistance, and relapse. Thus, developing novel therapies which could combat these limitations is essential for effective treatment. In this context, phytochemicals are increasingly getting popular due to their safety profile, ability to efficiently target tumors, and circumvent limitations of existing treatments. Essential Oils (EOs) are mixtures of various phytochemicals which have shown potential anticancer activity in preclinical BC models. However, their clinical translation is limited by factors such as high volatility, low stability, and poor solubility. Nanotechnology has facilitated their encapsulation in a variety of nanostructures and proven to overcome these limitations. In this review, we have efficiently summarized the current knowledge on the anticancer effect of EOs and constituents in both in in vitro and in in vivo BC models. Further, we also provide a descriptive account on the potential of nanotechnology in enhancing the anti-BC activity of EOs and their constituents. The papers discussed in this review were selected using the keywords "antiproliferative Essential Oils in breast cancer," "anticancer activity of Essential Oil in breast cancer," and "cytotoxicity of Essential Oils in breast cancer" performed in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Ashiq Thalappil
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Priya Singh
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Alessandra Carcereri de Prati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Mariotto
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Butturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nkune NW, Abrahamse H. The Efficacy of Zinc Phthalocyanine Nanoconjugate on Melanoma Cells Grown as Three-Dimensional Multicellular Tumour Spheroids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2264. [PMID: 37765232 PMCID: PMC10535874 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma remains a major public health concern that is highly resistant to standard therapeutic approaches. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an underutilised cancer therapy with an increased potency and negligible side effects, and it is non-invasive compared to traditional treatment modalities. Three-dimensional multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) closely resemble in vivo avascular tumour features, allowing for the more efficient and precise screening of novel anticancer agents with various treatment combinations. In this study, we utilised A375 human melanoma spheroids to screen the phototoxic effect of zinc phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (ZnPcS4) conjugated to gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The nanoconjugate was synthesised and characterised using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential (ZP). The phototoxicity of the nanoconjugate was tested on the A375 MCTS using PDT at a fluency of 10 J/cm2. After 24 h, the cellular responses were evaluated via microscopy, an MTT viability assay, an ATP luminescence assay, and cell death induction using annexin propidium iodide. The MTT viability assay demonstrated that the photoactivated ZnPcS4, at a concentration of 12.73 µM, caused an approximately 50% reduction in the cell viability of the spheroids. When conjugated to AuNPs, the latter significantly increased the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in the melanoma spheroids via the induction of apoptosis. This novel Zinc Phthalocyanine Nanoconjugate shows promise as a more effective PDT treatment modality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zingales V, Esposito MR, Torriero N, Taroncher M, Cimetta E, Ruiz MJ. The Growing Importance of Three-Dimensional Models and Microphysiological Systems in the Assessment of Mycotoxin Toxicity. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:422. [PMID: 37505691 PMCID: PMC10467068 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Current investigations in the field of toxicology mostly rely on 2D cell cultures and animal models. Although well-accepted, the traditional 2D cell-culture approach has evident drawbacks and is distant from the in vivo microenvironment. To overcome these limitations, increasing efforts have been made in the development of alternative models that can better recapitulate the in vivo architecture of tissues and organs. Even though the use of 3D cultures is gaining popularity, there are still open questions on their robustness and standardization. In this review, we discuss the current spheroid culture and organ-on-a-chip techniques as well as the main conceptual and technical considerations for the correct establishment of such models. For each system, the toxicological functional assays are then discussed, highlighting their major advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Finally, a focus on the applications of 3D cell culture for mycotoxin toxicity assessments is provided. Given the known difficulties in defining the safety ranges of exposure for regulatory agency policies, we are confident that the application of alternative methods may greatly improve the overall risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Zingales
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.R.E.); (N.T.); (E.C.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Cittá Della Speranza (IRP)—Lab BIAMET, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Esposito
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.R.E.); (N.T.); (E.C.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Cittá Della Speranza (IRP)—Lab BIAMET, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Noemi Torriero
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.R.E.); (N.T.); (E.C.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Cittá Della Speranza (IRP)—Lab BIAMET, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Mercedes Taroncher
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Elisa Cimetta
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (M.R.E.); (N.T.); (E.C.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Cittá Della Speranza (IRP)—Lab BIAMET, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - María-José Ruiz
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salehi F, Behboudi H, Salehi E, Ardestani SK, Piroozmand F, Kavoosi G. Apple pectin-based Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) nanoemulsion: An approach to enhance ZEO DNA damage induction in breast cancer cells as in vitro and in silico studies reveal. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946161. [PMID: 36133807 PMCID: PMC9483017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) is a natural complex of compounds with a high apoptotic potential against breast cancer cells and minor toxicity toward normal cells; however, similar to many essential oils, ZEO utilization in pharmaceutical industries has limitations due to its labile and sensitive ingredients. Nanoemulsification based on natural polymers is one approach to overcome this issue. In this study, an apple pectin-ZEO nanoemulsion (AP-ZEONE) was prepared and its morphology, FTIR spectra, and physical properties were characterized. Furthermore, it was shown that AP-ZEONE substantially suppresses the viability of MDA-MB-231, T47D, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. AP-ZEONE significantly induced apoptotic morphological alterations and DNA fragmentation as confirmed by fluorescent staining and TUNEL assay. Moreover, AP-ZEONE induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) associated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), G2/M cell cycle arrest, and DNA strand breakage as flow cytometry, DNA oxidation, and comet assay analysis revealed, respectively. Spectroscopic and computational studies also confirmed that AP-ZEONE interacts with genomic DNA in a minor groove/partial intercalation binding mode. This study demonstrated the successful inhibitory effect of AP-ZEONE on metastatic breast cancer cells, which may be beneficial in the therapy process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Salehi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Behboudi
- Faculty of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Salehi
- Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sussan K. Ardestani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Piroozmand
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Kavoosi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Gholamreza Kavoosi,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu S, Ma W, Wang J, Ma Y, Zhou Z, Zhang R, Du K, Zhang H, Sun M, Jiang X, Tu H, Tang X, Yao X, Chen P. Synthesis and anticancer evaluations of novel 1H-imidazole [4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline derivative for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175120. [PMID: 35753402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
1H-imidazole [4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline is a promising chemical structure for cancer treatment. Herein, we synthesized a novel 1H-imidazole [4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline derivative named IPM714 and found it exhibited selectively colorectal cancer (CRC) cells inhibitory activities, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.74 μM and 2 μM in HCT116 cells and SW480 cells, respectively. The present study is intended to explore the cytotoxicity of IPM714 in cancer cells of various types and its anticancer mechanism in vitro. Cellular functional analyses indicated IPM714 can arrest HCT116 cell cycle in S phase and induce apoptosis in both HCT116 and SW480 cells. Western blot and molecular docking showed that IPM714 may suppress PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to inhibit cell proliferation and regulate cell cycle and apoptosis. This study proved IPM714 to be a promising drug in CRC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Wantong Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Junyi Wang
- College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Wenzhou, 325060, PR China
| | - Yunhao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Zhongkun Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Rentao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Kangjia Du
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Mengze Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Xinrong Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Tu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Salinas-Vera YM, Valdés J, Pérez-Navarro Y, Mandujano-Lazaro G, Marchat LA, Ramos-Payán R, Nuñez-Olvera SI, Pérez-Plascencia C, López-Camarillo C. Three-Dimensional 3D Culture Models in Gynecological and Breast Cancer Research. Front Oncol 2022; 12:826113. [PMID: 35692756 PMCID: PMC9177953 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.826113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell cultures have long been the gold standard for cancer biology research. However, their ability to accurately reflect the molecular mechanisms of tumors occurring in vivo is limited. Recent development of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models facilitate the possibility to better recapitulate several of the biological and molecular characteristics of tumors in vivo, such as cancer cells heterogeneity, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, development of a hypoxic microenvironment, signaling pathway activities depending on contacts with extracellular matrix, differential growth kinetics, more accurate drugs response, and specific gene expression and epigenetic patterns. In this review, we discuss the utilization of different types of 3D culture models including spheroids, organotypic models and patient-derived organoids in gynecologic cancers research, as well as its potential applications in oncological research mainly for screening drugs with major physiological and clinical relevance. Moreover, microRNAs regulation of cancer hallmarks in 3D cell cultures from different types of cancers is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yarely M. Salinas-Vera
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jesús Valdés
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Yussel Pérez-Navarro
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Mandujano-Lazaro
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Laurence A. Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rosalio Ramos-Payán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Stephanie I. Nuñez-Olvera
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- *Correspondence: César López-Camarillo, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-9417-2609
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu L, Wang X, Lai Y, He G, Wen S, He H, Li Z, Zhang B, Zhang D. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the significant effects of fertilization on the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes in Phoebe bournei. Genomics 2022; 114:110375. [PMID: 35490893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Phoebe bournei is a potential medicinal plant. Its essential oils (Eos) are mainly composed of sesquiterpenes that has potential activities of anti-bacteria and anti-tumors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of compost and compound fertilizer on the total amount and main components of Eos in P. bournei, we also studied the molecular mechanism undergoing this process by deep sequencing the genes involved in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes. Fertilization enhanced the total amount of main components in Eos from both leaves and twigs. Bicyclogermacrene, the primary sesquiterpene in the leaf EO, was significantly increased under compost treatment, while bicyclogermacrene and δ-cadinene (the second most abundant sesquiterpene) were decreased under compound fertilizer treatment. The two fertilizers had no significant effect on the abundance of the primary (+) - δ-cadinene in the twig EO, but had a positive effect on the second most abundant sesquiterpene copaene. Significant differences were observed in the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with the leaves showing greater number of DEGs as compared to the twigs after compost treatment. Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (TBB) is a key pathway of sesquiterpenes synthesis. The expression of genes regulating several important enzymes in TBB was altered after fertilization. After the compost treatment, the expression of the leaf DXS gene (ACQ66107.1), being closely related to the sesquiterpene biosynthesis in P. bournei leaves, was decreased. Compost and compound fertilizer altered the expression of the two important branch-point enzymes (FPPS and GGPPS) genes (ART33314.1 and ATT59265.1), which contributed to the changes of the total amount and components of P. bournei sesquiterpenes. This study provides a new insight into the future use of P. bournei for Eos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Yong Lai
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Gongxiu He
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Shizhi Wen
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hanjie He
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhenshan Li
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
| | - Dangquan Zhang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yap KM, Sekar M, Fuloria S, Wu YS, Gan SH, Mat Rani NNI, Subramaniyan V, Kokare C, Lum PT, Begum MY, Mani S, Meenakshi DU, Sathasivam KV, Fuloria NK. Drug Delivery of Natural Products Through Nanocarriers for Effective Breast Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7891-7941. [PMID: 34880614 PMCID: PMC8648329 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s328135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (BC), it remains a global health issue affecting millions of women annually. Poor prognosis in BC patients is often linked to drug resistance as well as the lack of effective therapeutic options for metastatic and triple-negative BC. In response to these unmet needs, extensive research efforts have been devoted to exploring the anti-BC potentials of natural products owing to their multi-target mechanisms of action and good safety profiles. Various medicinal plant extracts/essential oils and natural bioactive compounds have demonstrated anti-cancer activities in preclinical BC models. Despite the promising preclinical results, however, the clinical translation of natural products has often been hindered by their poor stability, aqueous solubility and bioavailability. There have been attempts to overcome these limitations, particularly via the use of nano-based drug delivery systems (NDDSs). This review highlights the tumour targeting mechanisms of NDDSs, the advantages and disadvantages of the major classes of NDDSs and their current clinical status in BC treatment. Besides, it also discusses the proposed anti-BC mechanisms and nanoformulations of nine medicinal plants' extracts/essential oils and nine natural bioactive compounds; selected via the screening of various scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, based on the following keywords: "Natural Product AND Nanoparticle AND Breast Cancer". Overall, these nanoformulations exhibit improved anti-cancer efficacy against preclinical BC models, with some demonstrating biocompatibility with normal cell lines and mouse models. Further clinical studies are, however, warranted to ascertain their efficacy and biocompatibility in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kah Min Yap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Chandrakant Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy, Narhe, Pune, 411041, India
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Asir-Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankar Mani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, Karnataka, 571418, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zingales V, Torriero N, Zanella L, Fernández-Franzón M, Ruiz MJ, Esposito MR, Cimetta E. Development of an in vitro neuroblastoma 3D model and its application for sterigmatocystin-induced cytotoxicity testing. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112605. [PMID: 34634377 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Given the increasing importance of establishing better risk assessments for mycotoxins, novel in vitro tools for the evaluation of their toxicity are mandatory. In this study, an in vitro 3D spheroid model from SH-SY5Y cells, a human neuroblastoma cell line, was developed, optimized and characterized to test the cytotoxic effects caused by the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (STE). STE induced a concentration- and time-dependent cell viability decrease in spheroids. Spheroids displayed cell disaggregation after STE exposure, increasing in a dose-dependent manner and over time. STE also induced apoptosis as confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. Following the decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis, STE cytostasis effects were observed by migration assays both in 2D and 3D cell culture. Increased ROS generation, as well as DNA damage were also observed. Taken together, these data highlight the cytotoxic properties of STE and suggest that cell culture models play a pivotal role in the toxicological risk assessment of mycotoxins. The evaluation of cytotoxicity in spheroids (3D) rather than monolayer cultures (2D) is expected to more accurately reflect in vivo-like cell behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Zingales
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Noemi Torriero
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città Della Speranza (IRP) - Lab NBTECH, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Zanella
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mónica Fernández-Franzón
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria-José Ruiz
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Rosaria Esposito
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città Della Speranza (IRP) - Lab NBTECH, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Cimetta
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padova, Italy; Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città Della Speranza (IRP) - Lab NBTECH, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padova, Italy; Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale per le Biotecnologie Innovative (CRIBI) - Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Anticancer Activity of Ipomoea purpurea Leaves Extracts in Monolayer and Three-Dimensional Cell Culture. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6666567. [PMID: 34211573 PMCID: PMC8205580 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6666567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death and a vital health care challenge in the world. Hence, this work was conducted to determine the in vitro anticancer property and also the molecular mechanism of aqueous and organic extracts of Ipomoea purpurea leaves in three human cancer cell lines, including A-549 (human lung cancer), HepG-2 (human liver cancer), MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer), and MCF-10A (breast normal cell line). In vitro cytotoxic potential of organic extracts, such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, methanol, and aqueous extract was examined using a standard (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT method in both monolayer two-dimensional (2D) and spheroids multicellular three-dimensional (3D) cultures. The MTT assay data showed that methanol and chloroform extracts of I. purpurea leaves had the antiproliferative effect on lung and breast cancer cells with IC50 of 53.62 ± 0.07 and 124.5 ± 0.01 µg/mL, respectively. The results of further examinations, such as dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide, Annexin V-FITC/PI, and caspase-3 colorimetric assay, confirmed that methanol and chloroform extracts of I. purpurea as the most potent cytotoxic extracts might contain a variety of phytochemicals, promoting apoptosis in lung and breast cancer cells. The present research findings suggested that methanolic extract of I. purpurea leaves induced S-phase cell cycle arrest and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A-549 lung cancer cells. The study further showed that I. purpurea could be a helpful candidate for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
15
|
A Critical Review on the Synthesis of Natural Sodium Alginate Based Composite Materials: An Innovative Biological Polymer for Biomedical Delivery Applications. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium alginate (Na-Alg) is water-soluble, neutral, and linear polysaccharide. It is the derivative of alginic acid which comprises 1,4-β-d-mannuronic (M) and α-l-guluronic (G) acids and has the chemical formula (NaC6H7O6). It shows water-soluble, non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-immunogenic properties. It had been used for various biomedical applications, among which the most promising are drug delivery, gene delivery, wound dressing, and wound healing. For different biomedical applications, it is used in different forms with the help of new techniques. That is the reason it had been blended with different polymers. In this review article, we present a comprehensive overview of the combinations of sodium alginate with natural and synthetic polymers and their biomedical applications involving delivery systems. All the scientific/technical issues have been addressed, and we have highlighted the recent advancements.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zare E, Jamali T, Ardestani SK, Kavoosi G. Synergistic effect of Zataria Multiflora essential oil on doxorubicin-induced growth inhibition of PC3 cancer cells and apoptosis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 42:101286. [PMID: 33340989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Today, herbs are used as adjuncts to reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs. Here, Zataria-Multiflora Essential Oil (ZEO) was concomitantly employed with doxorubicin, as an anti-cancer drug, to reduce the doxorubicin dosage. The growth inhibition was determined using MTT assay in treated cells. The morphological alteration was observed by fluorescent staining. To verify and compare the apoptosis, AnnexinV-PI flowcytometry and DNA fragmentation assay were performed, and the influence of the compounds on ROS generation was assessed. Changes in MMP and protein expression were analyzed by flowcytometry and western blot, respectively. The results showed that ZEO can act as an amplifier to sensitize PC3 prostate cancer cells to undergo ROS generation and apoptosis. This amplification can heighten the doxorubicin efficacy in lower doses. Consequently, our results indicated that doxorubicin-ZEO combinatory treatment of PC3 cells can reduce the nonspecific toxicity of doxorubicin and can be considered as a candidate in combinatory therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Zare
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Jamali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sussan K Ardestani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Three-Dimensional Spheroids as In Vitro Preclinical Models for Cancer Research. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121186. [PMID: 33291351 PMCID: PMC7762220 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most cancer biologists still rely on conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture techniques to test in vitro anti-tumor drugs prior to in vivo testing. However, the vast majority of promising preclinical drugs have no or weak efficacy in real patients with tumors, thereby delaying the discovery of successful therapeutics. This is because 2D culture lacks cell–cell contacts and natural tumor microenvironment, important in tumor signaling and drug response, thereby resulting in a reduced malignant phenotype compared to the real tumor. In this sense, three-dimensional (3D) cultures of cancer cells that better recapitulate in vivo cell environments emerged as scientifically accurate and low cost cancer models for preclinical screening and testing of new drug candidates before moving to expensive and time-consuming animal models. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of 3D tumor systems and highlight the strategies for spheroid construction and evaluation tools of targeted therapies, focusing on their applicability in cancer research. Examples of the applicability of 3D culture for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicines are discussed.
Collapse
|
18
|
Salehi F, Jamali T, Kavoosi G, Ardestani SK, Vahdati SN. Stabilization of Zataria essential oil with pectin-based nanoemulsion for enhanced cytotoxicity in monolayer and spheroid drug-resistant breast cancer cell cultures and deciphering its binding mode with gDNA. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3645-3655. [PMID: 32795576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Efficacy of chemotherapy is limited by the resistance of cancer cells. Phytochemicals especially Essential Oils (EOs) provide an alternative mode of cancer therapy. However, EOs utilization is restricted because of low bioavailability, and high degradation. Nanoemulsification is a method developed to overcome these obstacles. Accordingly, Citrus-Pectin nanoemulsion of Zataria Essential Oil (CP/ZEONE) was prepared to evaluate the anticancer activity and the mechanisms responsible for the caused cytotoxicity. Physical properties and FTIR spectra of CP/ZEONE were characterized. CP/ZEONE progressively improves the suppression of viability of drug-resistant MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, and spheroids. It triggers apoptosis by increasing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss, DNA damage, G2 and S-phase arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells and spheroids respectively. Additionally, spectroscopy techniques revealed the interaction of CP/ZEONE with DNA via the formation of a groove binding/partial intercalative complex. Thus, ZEO-loaded CP Nano-particles can be further explored as a promising antiproliferative and therapeutic candidate against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Salehi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Jamali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sussan K Ardestani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Niazi Vahdati
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Azadi M, Jamali T, Kianmehr Z, Kavoosi G, Ardestani SK. In-vitro (2D and 3D cultures) and in-vivo cytotoxic properties of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO) emulsion in breast and cervical cancer cells along with the investigation of immunomodulatory potential. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112865. [PMID: 32298750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zataria multiflora is an iranian valuable traditional plants, called Avishan Shirazi in Persian language used to reduce inflammation, spasm, pain, and cancer symptoms. Zataria essential oil (ZEO) is one of the essential oils possessing broad biological activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim was to investigate the anticancer effects of ZEO both in-vitro and in-vivo using mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cell line and mouse cervical cancer TC1 cell line. MATERIAL AND METHODS The in-vitro effects of ZEO on the proliferation of these cell lines were considered in 2D and 3D culture by MTT assay. In the following, to indicate death mode, fluorescence staining, AnnexinV/PI flowcytometry and caspase-3 activity assay of monolayer cells treated with ZEO was done. In order to evaluate the antitumor activities of ZEO, tumor-bearing BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered with ZEO and the immunomodulatory effects of ZEO were considered through cytokine assay. Additionally, hematobiochemical factors including aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were investigated to confirm the harmless effects of ZEO. RESULTS The In-vitro results showed that treatment of cells with ZEO leads to significant inhibition of 4T1 and TC1 cell proliferation and apoptosis in monolayer cell culture (2D) and multicellular spheroids (3D). Based on In-vivo results, ZEO was effective in decreasing the tumor weight compared to the control. Furthermore, ZEO was effective in tilting the balance of cytokines in favor of T helper 1 through the increase in the secretion of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2 and decrease in IL-4. During the treatment with ZEO, hematobiochemical factors of mice did not significantly change. CONCLUSION the present study demonstrated that the ZEO has potent antiproliferative, apoptosis-inducing and immune system stimulant properties in breast and cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Azadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Jamali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Kavoosi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
A promising therapeutic combination for metastatic prostate cancer: Chloroquine as autophagy inhibitor and palladium(II) barbiturate complex. Biochimie 2020; 175:159-172. [PMID: 32497551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process for cells that can provide energy sources and allows cancer cells to evade cell death. Therefore, studies on the combination of autophagy inhibitors with drugs are increasing as a new treatment modality in cancer. Previously, we reported the anti-tumor activity of a Palladium (Pd)(II) complex against different types of cancer in vitro and in vivo. Chloroquine (CQ), the worldwide used anti-malarial drug, has recently been focused as a chemosensitizer in cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a combined treatment of these agents that work through different mechanisms to provide an effective treatment modality for metastatic prostate cancer that is certainly fatal. Metastatic prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) were treated with Pd (II) complex, CQ, and their combination. The combination enhanced apoptosis by increasing phosphatidylserine translocation and pro-apoptotic proteins. Apoptosis was confirmed by the use of apoptosis inhibitor. The formation of acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) was observed by acridine orange staining in fluorescence microscopy. The Pd (II) complex increased AVOs formation in prostate cancer cells and CQ-pretreatment has potentiated this effect. Importantly, treatment with CQ suppressed the pro-survival function of autophagy, which might have contributed to enhanced cytotoxicity. In addition, PI3K/AKT/mTOR-related protein expressions were altered after the combination of treatments. Our results suggest that combination treatment enhances apoptotic cell death possibly via the inhibition of autophagy, and may therefore be regarded as a novel and better approach for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
21
|
Leulmi Pichot S, Bentouati S, Ahmad SS, Sotiropoulos M, Jena R, Cowburn R. Versatile magnetic microdiscs for the radio enhancement and mechanical disruption of glioblastoma cancer cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:8161-8171. [PMID: 35558340 PMCID: PMC9092955 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00164c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the use of highly versatile, lithographically defined magnetic microdiscs. Gold covered magnetic microdiscs are used in both radiosensitizing cancer cells, acting as intracellular emitters of secondary electrons during radiotherapy, and as well as inducing mechanical damage by exerting a mechanical torque when exposed to a rotating magnetic field. This study reveals that lithographically defined microdiscs with a uniform size of 2 microns in diameter highly increase the DNA damage and reduce the glioblastoma colony formation potential compared to conventional radiation therapy. Furthermore, the addition of mechanical disruption mediated by the magnetic component of the discs increased the efficiency of brain cancer cell killing. First study demonstrating the use of physically engineered magnetic particles that display two functionalities for cancer treatment.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Leulmi Pichot
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Sabrina Bentouati
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Saif S Ahmad
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge CB2 0XZ UK
| | - Marios Sotiropoulos
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Raj Jena
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge CB2 0XZ UK
| | - Russell Cowburn
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Salehi F, Behboudi H, Kavoosi G, Ardestani SK. Incorporation of Zataria multiflora essential oil into chitosan biopolymer nanoparticles: A nanoemulsion based delivery system to improve the in-vitro efficacy, stability and anticancer activity of ZEO against breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 143:382-392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
23
|
Becceneri AB, Fuzer AM, Plutin AM, Batista AA, Lelièvre SA, Cominetti MR. Three-dimensional cell culture models for metallodrug testing: induction of apoptosis and phenotypic reversion of breast cancer cells by the trans-[Ru(PPh 3) 2( N, N-dimethyl- N-thiophenylthioureato-k 2O,S)(bipy)]PF 6 complex. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Effects of trans-[Ru(PPh3)2(N,N-dimethyl-N-thiophenylthioureato-k2O,S)(bipy)]PF6 complex on cytotoxicity, on the induction of apoptosis and on the phenotypic reversion of tumor cells in different 3D culture techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelina M. Fuzer
- Department of Gerontology
- Federal University of São Carlos
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Ana M. Plutin
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de la Habana
- Habana
- Cuba
| | - Alzir A. Batista
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of São Carlos
- São Paulo
- Brazil
| | - Sophie A. Lelièvre
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Center for Cancer Research
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Becceneri AB, Fuzer AM, Popolin CP, Cazal CDM, Domingues VDC, Fernandes JB, Vieira PC, Cominetti MR. Acetylation of cedrelone increases its cytotoxic activity and reverts the malignant phenotype of breast cancer cells in 3D culture. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 316:108920. [PMID: 31857088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cedrelone is a limonoid isolated from the plant Trichilia catigua (Meliaceae). Previous studies have demonstrated that cedrelone (1) has several damaging effects on triple negative breast tumor (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231. In this work we investigated two new derivatives of cedrelone, the acetate (1a) and the mesylate (1b), to examine whether their effects are improved in comparison to the lead molecule. Cedrelone acetate (1a) was the most cytotoxic compound on TNBC cells and was chosen for additional analyses in traditional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures and three-dimensional (3D) assays. In 2D, 1a induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibited essential steps of the metastasis process of the MDA-MB-231 cells, in vitro. Moreover, 1a was able to revert the malignant phenotype of the T4-2 cells in 3D. These effects were concomitant with the downregulation of EGFR, β1-integrin and phospho-Akt, which could have resulted in a decrease of NFκB levels and MMP9 activity. These results suggest that 1a could be used as an important model for the design of a new drug to be applied in cancer treatment and be further studied in vivo for its antitumor and antimetastatic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Blanque Becceneri
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235 - São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Angelina Maria Fuzer
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235 - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cecília Patrícia Popolin
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235 - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa de Cássia Domingues
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235 - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235 - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar Vieira
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, Km 235 - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shahrokh Z, Kavoosi G, Shakeri R. Physical, thermal, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of starches from corn, oat, and wheat enriched with Zataria essential oil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2019.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
26
|
Ranjbaran A, Kavoosi G, Mojallal-Tabatabaei Z, Ardestani SK. The antioxidant activity of Trachyspermum ammi essential oil and thymol in murine macrophages. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
27
|
Jamali T, Kavoosi G, Safavi M, Ardestani SK. In-vitro evaluation of apoptotic effect of OEO and thymol in 2D and 3D cell cultures and the study of their interaction mode with DNA. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15787. [PMID: 30361692 PMCID: PMC6202332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oliveria decumbens is an Iranian endemic plant used extensively in traditional medicine. Recently, some studies have been performed on biological effects of Oliveria essential oil (OEO). However, to our knowledge, the anticancer activity of OEO has not been reported. Based on our GC/MS analysis, the basic ingredients of OEO are thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene. Therefore, we used OEO and its main component, thymol, to explore their effects on cell growth inhibition and anticancer activity. Despite having a limited effect on L929 normal cells, OEO/thymol induced cytotoxicity in MDA-MB231 breast cancer monolayers (2D) and to a lesser extent in MDA-MB231 spheroids (3D). Flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity assay in treated monolayers/spheroids and also fluorescence staining and DNA fragmentation in treated monolayers demonstrated apoptotic death mode. Indeed, OEO/thymol increased the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level leading to mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm) loss, caspase-3 activation and DNA damage caused S-phase cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, immunoblotting studies revealed the activation of intrinsic and maybe extrinsic apoptosis pathways by OEO/thymol. Additionally, in-vitro experiments, indicated that OEO/thymol interacts with DNA via minor grooves confirmed by docking method. Altogether, our reports underlined the potential of OEO to be considered as a new candidate for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Jamali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan K Ardestani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Salehi F, Behboudi H, Kavoosi G, Ardestani SK. Oxidative DNA damage induced by ROS-modulating agents with the ability to target DNA: A comparison of the biological characteristics of citrus pectin and apple pectin. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13902. [PMID: 30224635 PMCID: PMC6141541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA targeting anticancer agents have been very successful in clinic, especially, when used in combinatorial therapy. But unfortunately, they often exhibit high levels of toxicity towards normal cells. Hence, much effort has been put into finding agents with more selectivity, and less toxicity. Pectins are natural polysaccharides, and beneficial nutritional fibers that have attracted attentions due to their antitumor properties. However, their molecular targets, and mechanism of action are widely unknown. Here, we have reported that citrus pectin (CP) and apple pectin (AP) selectively suppress viability in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and T47D human Breast cancer cells, while non-toxic to L929 normal cells. Upon CP, and AP treatments, cancer cells’ ROS content increased rapidly, and led to the collapse of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential which functions upstream of the caspase-dependent apoptosis. CP and AP treated cancer cells were also arrested at the S and G1 or G2/M phases of the cell cycle, respectively. Furthermore, mRNA expression of Galectin-3 (a multi-functional lectin involved in cell adhesion, cell cycle, and apoptosis) reduced in both CP and AP treated cells. Growth inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cells by CP, and AP was concomitant with DNA damage (oxidation, and strand breaks). In this context, in an effort to clarify the mechanism of action, we showed that CP, and AP are able to interact with DNA. The strength and mode of DNA binding were established by spectroscopy techniques. We demonstrated that CP, and AP bind to dsDNA by intercalation, and groove binding/partial intercalation, respectively. In conclusion, our findings suggest that CP, and AP induce apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by increasing the release of ROS, which may be related to the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and direct interactions with DNA. Our data indicate that these compounds may be potentially useful in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Salehi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Behboudi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sussan K Ardestani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
|