1
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Lossy mode resonance fiber-optic sensor based on ZnO particles fabricated by chemical bath deposition. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:203-211. [PMID: 36441475 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensor fabricated by chemical bath deposition (CBD) using a U-shaped optical fiber with an exposed core. The ZnO particles that generate LMR were prepared by a very costly method in three steps via permanganate activation and the deposition of ZnO on the fiber core using CBD. The process of deposition was monitored in real time through the optical fiber, and a clear absorption spectrum with an LMR peak was obtained. The surface of the sensor with absorbance reaching 1.0 was covered with nano- to submicron particles of ZnO. The refractive index (RI) sensitivity of the sensor was measured using sucrose solution and was found to increase as the amounts of ZnO on the sensor increased, reaching 23 Abs/RI unit (RIU). The RI resolutions of the sensors with absorbance reaching 0.40, 0.65, and 1.0 during CBD were determined as ΔRI = 0.000060, 0.00017, and 0.00018, respectively, with a 99.7% confidence interval for the RI. Pretreatment during CBD was found to dramatically affect the fabrication of LMR sensors owing to their size and occupancy of deposited ZnO particles, the effects of which can be observed in real time using fiber optics.
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2
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Okazaki T, Kamio H, Yoshioka M, Ueda A, Kuramitz H, Watanabe T. U-shaped plastic optical fiber sensor for scale deposition in hot spring water. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1549-1554. [PMID: 36152169 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fiber optic sensors for monitoring scale deposition in geothermal brine and hot spring water should be safe, easily fabricated, and readily disposable. These desired features already have been enhanced in plastic optical fibers (POFs) and U-shaped sensors for other applications. The present work reports a U-shaped POF sensor for CaCO3 scale deposition. The sensors were easily fabricated by thermally bending the bulk POF without removing the cladding. At the bend, the percentage of total internal reflection between the water and the POF surface is affected by the high refractive index of the CaCO3 deposit. The optical responses of the U-shaped sensor to CaCO3 formation were investigated in a mixture of calcium chloride dehydrate and sodium hydrogen carbonate using a white-light source and a spectroscopic detector. The sensor was responsive to CaCO3 formation on the sensor surface and was especially sensitive at small bending radii. The sensitivity was further enhanced by increasing the number of bends. Finally, the U-shaped POF sensor was applied to the monitoring of CaCO3 scale deposition in hot spring water sampled at Matsushiro, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Kamio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoshioka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Akira Ueda
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
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3
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Bedell E, Harmon O, Fankhauser K, Shivers Z, Thomas E. A continuous, in-situ, near-time fluorescence sensor coupled with a machine learning model for detection of fecal contamination risk in drinking water: Design, characterization and field validation. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118644. [PMID: 35667167 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We designed and validated a sensitive, continuous, in-situ, remotely reporting tryptophan-like fluorescence sensor and coupled it with a machine learning model to predict high-risk fecal contamination in water (>10 colony forming units (CFU)/100mL E. coli). We characterized the sensor's response to multiple fluorescence interferents with benchtop analysis. The sensor's minimum detection limit (MDL) of tryptophan dissolved in deionized water was 0.05 ppb (p <0.01) and its MDL of the correlation to E. coli present in wastewater effluent was 10 CFU/100 mL (p <0.01). Fluorescence response declined exponentially with increased water temperature and a correction factor was calculated. Inner filter effects, which cause signal attenuation at high concentrations, were shown to have negligible impact in an operational context. Biofouling was demonstrated to increase the fluorescence signal by approximately 82% in a certain context, while mineral scaling reduced the sensitivity of the sensor by approximately 5% after 24 hours with a scaling solution containing 8 times the mineral concentration of the Colorado River. A machine learning model was developed, with TLF measurements as the primary feature, to output fecal contamination risk levels established by the World Health Organization. A training and validation data set for the model was built by installing four sensors on Boulder Creek, Colorado for 88 days and enumerating 298 grab samples for E. coli with membrane filtration. The machine learning model incorporated a proxy feature for fouling (time since last cleaning) which improved model performance. A binary classification model was able to predict high risk fecal contamination with 83% accuracy (95% CI: 78% - 87%), sensitivity of 80%, and specificity of 86%. A model distinguishing between all World Health Organization established risk categories performed with an overall accuracy of 64%. Integrating TLF measurements into an ML model allows for anomaly detection and noise reduction, permitting contamination prediction despite biofilm or mineral scaling formation on the sensor's lenses. Real-time detection of high risk fecal contamination could contribute to a major step forward in terms of microbial water quality monitoring for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bedell
- Mortenson Center in Global Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, 80303, Colorado, United States of America; SweetSense Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Olivia Harmon
- Mortenson Center in Global Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, 80303, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Katie Fankhauser
- Mortenson Center in Global Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, 80303, Colorado, United States of America; SweetSense Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Evan Thomas
- Mortenson Center in Global Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, 80303, Colorado, United States of America; SweetSense Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA.
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4
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Zhao H, Huang Y, Deng S, Wang L, Peng H, Shen X, Ling D, Liu L, Liu Y. Research progress on scaling mechanism and anti-scaling technology of geothermal well system. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2033625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhao
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yahong Huang
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Song Deng
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Sinopec Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Haoping Peng
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xin Shen
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dingkun Ling
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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5
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Bai H, Wang G, Hu X, Kumar S, Min R. Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymer Optical Fiber for Biomedical Application: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:472. [PMID: 34940229 PMCID: PMC8699361 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses recent advances in biocompatible and biodegradable polymer optical fiber (POF) for medical applications. First, the POF material and its optical properties are summarized. Then, several common optical fiber fabrication methods are thoroughly discussed. Following that, clinical applications of biocompatible and biodegradable POFs are discussed, including optogenetics, biosensing, drug delivery, and neural recording. Following that, biomedical applications expanded the specific functionalization of the material or fiber design. Different research or clinical applications necessitate the use of different equipment to achieve the desired results. Finally, the difficulty of implanting flexible fiber varies with its flexibility. We present our article in a clear and logical manner that will be useful to researchers seeking a broad perspective on the proposed topic. Overall, the content provides a comprehensive overview of biocompatible and biodegradable POFs, including previous breakthroughs, as well as recent advancements. Biodegradable optical fibers have numerous applications, opening up new avenues in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yu Huang
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Hongyi Bai
- College of Electronic Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China;
| | - Guoqing Wang
- College of Microelectronics, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Xuehao Hu
- Research Center for Advanced Optics and Photoelectronics, Department of Physics, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China;
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China;
| | - Rui Min
- Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; (Y.W.); (Y.H.)
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6
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Low-coherence photonic method of electrochemical processes monitoring. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12600. [PMID: 34131215 PMCID: PMC8206142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an advanced multimodality characterization platform for simultaneous optical and electrochemical measurements of ferrocyanides. Specifically, we combined a fiber-optic Fabry–Perot interferometer with a three-electrode electrochemical setup to demonstrate a proof-of-principle of this hybrid characterization approach, and obtained feasibility data in its monitoring of electrochemical reactions in a boron-doped diamond film deposited on a silica substrate. The film plays the dual role of being the working electrode in the electrochemical reaction, as well as affording the reflectivity to enable the optical interferometry measurements. Optical responses during the redox reactions of the electrochemical process are presented. This work proves that simultaneous opto-electrochemical measurements of liquids are possible.
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7
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Okazaki T, Seto R, Watanabe T, Ueda A, Kuramitz H. U-Shaped Polymer Cladding and Hetero-Core Fiber Optic Sensors for Monitoring Scale Formation in Geothermal Brine. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1732400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Seto
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Ueda
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama, Japan
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8
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Okazaki T, Watanabe T, Kuramitz H. Evanescent-Wave Fiber Optic Sensing of the Anionic Dye Uranine Based on Ion Association Extraction. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2796. [PMID: 32423008 PMCID: PMC7287843 DOI: 10.3390/s20102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we propose an evanescent-wave fiber optic sensing technique for the anionic dye uranine based on ion association extraction. The sensor was prepared by removing a section of the cladding from a multimode fiber and hydrophobization of the exposed core surface. Uranine was extracted in association along with hexadecyltrimethylammonium (CTA) ion onto the fiber surface and detected via absorption of the evanescent wave generated on the surface of the exposed fiber core. The effect of CTA+ concentration added for ion association was investigated, revealing that the absorbance of uranine increased with increasing CTA+ concentration. A change in the sensor response as a function of the added uranine concentration was clearly observed. The extraction data were analyzed using a distribution equilibrium model and a Freundlich isotherm. The uranine concentration in the evanescent field of the fiber optic was up to 54 times higher than that in the bulk solution, and the limit of detection (3σ) for uranine was found to be 1.3 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okazaki
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan;
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan;
| | - Tomoaki Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan;
| | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan;
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9
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Okazaki T, Umeki S, Orii T, Ikeya R, Sakaguchi A, Yamamoto T, Watanabe T, Ueda A, Kuramitz H. Investigation of the effects of electromagnetic field treatment of hot spring water for scale inhibition using a fibre optic sensor. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10719. [PMID: 31341197 PMCID: PMC6656762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment with an electromagnetic field, one of the potential techniques to inhibit scale deposition from water, has the advantage of not requiring the addition of any chemicals. Field tests using a fibre optic sensor were conducted to evaluate the effect that the treatment of hot spring water in Matsushiro, Japan with an electromagnetic field had on calcium carbonate scale formation. The optical response to scale deposition recorded by the fibre optic sensor decreased as a consequence of the application of an electromagnetic field, and the effectiveness of scale formation inhibition depended on the frequency of the electromagnetic field. This evidence was compared with results from changes in scale mass measured using the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method. Mass increases of the scale formed on the quartz crystal surface in hot spring water were inhibited by electromagnetic field treatment. These results were verified performing a column flow test, whereby the flow rate of hot spring water through a column was measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan.
| | - Senshin Umeki
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Orii
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Ikeya
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Aya Sakaguchi
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Takamichi Yamamoto
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Akira Ueda
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
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10
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Negishi N, Sugasawa M, Miyazaki Y, Hirami Y, Koura S. Effect of dissolved silica on photocatalytic water purification with a TiO 2 ceramic catalyst. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 150:40-46. [PMID: 30503873 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
If photocatalytic water purification technologies will find practical applications, the impact of total dissolved solids in the source water on the activity of the photocatalyst must be evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of SiO32- in water on a TiO2 ceramic photocatalyst; specifically, we determined the effects of SiO32- on the rate of photocatalytic degradation of formic acid (as a model contaminant) and on the rate of photocatalytic inactivation of Escherichia coli in an aqueous solution. Both the rate of formic acid degradation and the sterilization rate decreased with increasing SiO32- concentration. On the other hand, at a given SiO32- concentration, the activity of the photocatalyst did not decrease over the course of 120 h, and the surface structure of the photocatalyst did not change (i.e., no precipitate formed on the surface). The decreases in photocatalytic activity due to the presence of SiO32- could be recovered by flushing the experimental apparatus with distilled water. These results show that the reason for the lower photocatalytic activity in the presence of SiO32- than in its absence was due to adsorption of SiO32- onto the surface of the TiO2 photocatalyst and that SiO32- adsorption was an equilibrium process in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Negishi
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Masami Sugasawa
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Yukari Miyazaki
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, 275-0016, Japan
| | - Setsuko Koura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, 275-0016, Japan
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11
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Okazaki T, Shiokawa E, Orii T, Yamamoto T, Hata N, Taguchi A, Sugawara K, Kuramitz H. Simultaneous Multiselective Spectroelectrochemical Fiber-Optic Sensor: Sensing with an Optically Transparent Electrode. Anal Chem 2018; 90:2440-2445. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okazaki
- Department
of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Eri Shiokawa
- Department
of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Orii
- Department
of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Takamichi Yamamoto
- Department
of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Noriko Hata
- Department
of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Akira Taguchi
- Hydrogen
Isotope Research Center, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department
of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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