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Niu D, Yue SY, Wang X, Li WY, Zhang L, Du HX, Liang CZ. High glucose intake exacerbates experimental autoimmune prostatitis through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-dependent TGF-β activation-mediated Th17 differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111682. [PMID: 38394885 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common inflammatory immune disease of the urogenital system. High glucose intake is considered to be a potential promoter of autoimmune diseases. However, the influence of high glucose intake on CP/CPPS is unknown. This research aimed to explore the influences of high glucose intake on experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP), a valid animal model of CP/CPPS, and the underlying mechanism. NOD mice received 20% glucose water or normal water treatment during EAP induction. EAP severity and Th17 cell responses were evaluated. Then, we explored the effects of an IL-17A neutralizing antibody, an inhibitor of TGF-β, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor NAC, and the mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) antioxidant MitoQ on glucose-fed EAP mice. The results demonstrated that high glucose intake aggravated EAP severity and promoted Th17 cell generation, which could be ameliorated by the neutralization of IL-17A. In vitro experiments showed that high dextrose concentrations promoted Th17 cell differentiation through mtROS-dependent TGF-β activation. Treatment with TGF-β blockade, NAC, or MitoQ suppressed Th17 cell generation both in vivo and in vitro, resulting in the amelioration of EAP manifestations caused by high glucose intake. This study revealed that high glucose intake exacerbates EAP through mtROS-dependent TGF-β activation-mediated Th17 differentiation. Our results may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the detrimental effects of an environmental factor, such as high glucose intake, on CP/CPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Niu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Shao-Yu Yue
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wei-Yi Li
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - He-Xi Du
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Chao-Zhao Liang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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2
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Hu Y, Huang Y, Xie X, Li L, Zhang Y, Zhang X. ARF6 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation through activating STAT3 signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:205. [PMID: 37716993 PMCID: PMC10505330 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) possesses the high mortality in cancers worldwide. Nevertheless, the concrete mechanism underlying HCC proliferation remains obscure. In this study, we show that high expression of ARF6 is associated with a poor clinical prognosis, which could boost the proliferation of HCC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect the expression level of ARF6 in HCC tissues. We analyzed the clinical significance of ARF6 in primary HCC patients. We estimated the effect of ARF6 on tumor proliferation with in vitro CCK8, colony formation assay, and in vivo nude mouse xenograft models. Immunofluorescence was conducted to investigate the ARF6 localization. western blotting was used to detect the cell cycle-related proteins with. Additionally, we examined the correlation between ARF6 and STAT3 signaling in HCC with western blotting, immunohistochemistry and xenograft assay. RESULTS ARF6 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared to adjacent normal liver tissues. The increased expression of ARF6 correlated with poor tumor differentiation, incomplete tumor encapsulation, advanced tumor TNM stage and poor prognosis. ARF6 obviously promoted HCC cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle progression. In vivo nude mouse xenograft models showed that ARF6 enhanced tumor growth. Furthermore, ARF6 activated the STAT3 signaling and ARF6 expression was positively correlated with phosphorylated STAT3 level in HCC tissues. Furthermore, after intervening of STAT3, the effect of ARF6 on tumor-promoting was weakened, which demonstrated ARF6 functioned through STAT3 signaling in HCC. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that ARF6 promotes HCC proliferation through activating STAT3 signaling, suggesting that ARF6 may serve as potential prognostic and therapeutic targets for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongchu Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohang Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Longshan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Zahari S, Syafruddin SE, Mohtar MA. Impact of the Cancer Cell Secretome in Driving Breast Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092653. [PMID: 37174117 PMCID: PMC10177134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease resulting from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in breast epithelial cells. Despite remarkable progress in diagnosis and treatment, breast cancer continues to be the most prevalent cancer affecting women worldwide. Recent research has uncovered a compelling link between breast cancer onset and the extracellular environment enveloping tumor cells. The complex network of proteins secreted by cancer cells and other cellular components within the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a critical player in driving the disease's metastatic properties. Specifically, the proteins released by the tumor cells termed the secretome, can significantly influence the progression and metastasis of breast cancer. The breast cancer cell secretome promotes tumorigenesis through its ability to modulate growth-associated signaling pathways, reshaping the tumor microenvironment, supporting pre-metastatic niche formation, and facilitating immunosurveillance evasion. Additionally, the secretome has been shown to play a crucial role in drug resistance development, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. Understanding the intricate role of the cancer cell secretome in breast cancer progression will provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of this disease and aid in the development of more innovative therapeutic interventions. Hence, this review provides a nuanced analysis of the impact of the cancer cell secretome on breast cancer progression, elucidates the complex reciprocal interaction with the components of the tumor microenvironment and highlights emerging therapeutic opportunities for targeting the constituents of the secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syazalina Zahari
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Effendi Syafruddin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - M Aiman Mohtar
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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4
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The Tumor Microenvironment in Tumorigenesis and Therapy Resistance Revisited. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020376. [PMID: 36672326 PMCID: PMC9856874 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complex and dynamic process involving cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions that allow tumor cell growth, drug resistance and metastasis. This review provides an updated summary of the role played by the tumor microenvironment (TME) components and hypoxia in tumorigenesis, and highlight various ways through which tumor cells reprogram normal cells into phenotypes that are pro-tumorigenic, including cancer associated- fibroblasts, -macrophages and -endothelial cells. Tumor cells secrete numerous factors leading to the transformation of a previously anti-tumorigenic environment into a pro-tumorigenic environment. Once formed, solid tumors continue to interact with various stromal cells, including local and infiltrating fibroblasts, macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and secreted factors and the ECM within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is key to tumorigenesis, drug response and treatment outcome. Importantly, stromal cells and secreted factors can initially be anti-tumorigenic, but over time promote tumorigenesis and induce therapy resistance. To counter hypoxia, increased angiogenesis leads to the formation of new vascular networks in order to actively promote and sustain tumor growth via the supply of oxygen and nutrients, whilst removing metabolic waste. Angiogenic vascular network formation aid in tumor cell metastatic dissemination. Successful tumor treatment and novel drug development require the identification and therapeutic targeting of pro-tumorigenic components of the TME including cancer-associated- fibroblasts (CAFs) and -macrophages (CAMs), hypoxia, blocking ECM-receptor interactions, in addition to the targeting of tumor cells. The reprogramming of stromal cells and the immune response to be anti-tumorigenic is key to therapeutic success. Lastly, this review highlights potential TME- and hypoxia-centered therapies under investigation.
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5
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Huang B, Lang X, Li X. The role of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1023177. [PMID: 36591515 PMCID: PMC9800921 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in immune regulation. It can activate janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. As one of the important signal transduction pathways in cells, JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway plays a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation by affecting the activation state of downstream effector molecules. The activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is involved in tumorigenesis and development. It contributes to the formation of tumor inflammatory microenvironment and is closely related to the occurrence and development of many human tumors. This article focuses on the relationship between IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and liver cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancer, hoping to provide references for the research of cancer treatment targeting key molecules in IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Huang
- Operational Management Office, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Lang
- Operational Management Office, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoling Lang, ; Xihong Li,
| | - Xihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China,Emergency Department, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoling Lang, ; Xihong Li,
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6
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Understanding autophagy role in cancer stem cell development. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6741-6751. [PMID: 35277787 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subpopulation of immature cells located in the tumor mass. These cells are responsible for tumor development, proliferation, resistance and spreading. CSCs are characterized by three unique features: the ability to self-renew, differentiation and tumor formation. CSCs are similar to stem cells, but they differ in the malignant phenotype. CSCs become immortal and survive harsh environmental conditions such as hypoxia, starvation and oxidative stress. However, this harsh tumor microenvironment induces the activation of autophagy, which further increases the CSCs stemness profile, and all these features further increase tumorigenicity and metastasis capacity. Autophagy is induced by the extracellular and cellular microenvironment. Hypoxia is one of the most common factors that highly increases the activity of autophagy in CSCs. Therefore, hypoxia-induced autophagy and CSCs proliferation should be elucidated in order to find a novel cure to defeat cancer cells (CSCs and non-CSCs). The remaining challenges to close the gap between the laboratory bench and the development of therapies, to use autophagy against CSCs in patients, could be addressed by adopting a 3D platform to better-mimic the natural environment in which these cells reside. Ultimately allowing to obtain the blueprints for bioprocess scaling up and to develop the production pipeline for safe and cost-effective autophagy-based novel biologics.
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7
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Abstract
Hantavirus induced hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an emerging viral zoonosis affecting up to 200,000 humans annually worldwide. This review article is focused on recent advances in the mechanism, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of hantavirus induced HFRS. The importance of interactions between viral and host factors in the design of therapeutic strategies is discussed. Hantavirus induced HFRS is characterized by thrombocytopenia and proteinuria of varying severities. The mechanism of kidney injury appears immunopathological with characteristic deterioration of endothelial cell function and compromised barrier functions of the vasculature. Although multidisciplinary research efforts have provided insights about the loss of cellular contact in the endothelium leading to increased permeability, the details of the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The epidemiology of hantavirus induced renal failure is associated with viral species and the geographical location of the natural host of the virus. The development of vaccine and antiviral therapeutics is necessary to avoid potentially severe outbreaks of this zoonotic illness in the future. The recent groundbreaking approach to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine has revolutionized the general field of vaccinology and has provided new directions for the use of this promising platform for widespread vaccine development, including the development of hantavirus mRNA vaccine. The combinational therapies specifically targeted to inhibit hantavirus replication and vascular permeability in infected patients will likely improve the disease outcome.
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8
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Rozenberg JM, Filkov GI, Trofimenko AV, Karpulevich EA, Parshin VD, Royuk VV, Sekacheva MI, Durymanov MO. Biomedical Applications of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Spheroids. Front Oncol 2021; 11:791069. [PMID: 34950592 PMCID: PMC8688758 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.791069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung malignancies accounted for 11% of cancers worldwide in 2020 and remained the leading cause of cancer deaths. About 80% of lung cancers belong to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is characterized by extremely high clonal and morphological heterogeneity of tumors and development of multidrug resistance. The improvement of current therapeutic strategies includes several directions. First, increasing knowledge in cancer biology results in better understanding of the mechanisms underlying malignant transformation, alterations in signal transduction, and crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, including immune cells. In turn, it leads to the discovery of important molecular targets in cancer development, which might be affected pharmaceutically. The second direction focuses on the screening of novel drug candidates, synthetic or from natural sources. Finally, "personalization" of a therapeutic strategy enables maximal damage to the tumor of a patient. The personalization of treatment can be based on the drug screening performed using patient-derived tumor xenografts or in vitro patient-derived cell models. 3D multicellular cancer spheroids, generated from cancer cell lines or tumor-isolated cells, seem to be a helpful tool for the improvement of current NSCLC therapies. Spheroids are used as a tumor-mimicking in vitro model for screening of novel drugs, analysis of intercellular interactions, and oncogenic cell signaling. Moreover, several studies with tumor-derived spheroids suggest this model for the choice of "personalized" therapy. Here we aim to give an overview of the different applications of NSCLC spheroids and discuss the potential contribution of the spheroid model to the development of anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Rozenberg
- Cell Signaling Regulation Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod, Russia
| | - Gleb I Filkov
- Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod, Russia.,Special Cell Technology Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexander V Trofimenko
- Special Cell Technology Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Karpulevich
- Department of Information Systems, Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir D Parshin
- Clinical Center, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery V Royuk
- Clinical Center, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina I Sekacheva
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail O Durymanov
- Laboratory of Medical Informatics, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod, Russia.,Special Cell Technology Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
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9
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Li X, Zhu H, Sun W, Yang X, Nie Q, Fang X. Role of glutamine and its metabolite ammonia in crosstalk of cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:479. [PMID: 34503536 PMCID: PMC8427881 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most abundant cells in the tumor microenvironment, play an indispensable role in cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and metabolism. The limitations of traditional treatments can be partly attributed to the lack of understanding of the role of the tumor stroma. For this reason, CAF targeting is gradually gaining attention, and many studies are trying to overcome the limitations of tumor treatment with CAF as a breakthrough. Glutamine (GLN) has been called a “nitrogen reservoir” for cancer cells because of its role in supporting anabolic processes such as fuel proliferation and nucleotide synthesis, but ammonia is a byproduct of the metabolism of GLN and other nitrogenous compounds. Moreover, in some studies, GLN has been reported as a fundamental nitrogen source that can support tumor biomass. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on the role of GLN and ammonia in the crosstalk between CAFs and cancer cells as well as the potential therapeutic implications of nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixuan Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingru Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Hellberg S, Raffetseder J, Rundquist O, Magnusson R, Papapavlou G, Jenmalm MC, Ernerudh J, Gustafsson M. Progesterone Dampens Immune Responses in In Vitro Activated CD4 + T Cells and Affects Genes Associated With Autoimmune Diseases That Improve During Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672168. [PMID: 34054852 PMCID: PMC8149943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in progesterone (P4) levels during and after pregnancy coincide with the temporary improvement and worsening of several autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Most likely immune-endocrine interactions play a major role in these pregnancy-induced effects. In this study, we used next generation sequencing to investigate the direct effects of P4 on CD4+ T cell activation, key event in pregnancy and disease. We report profound dampening effects of P4 on T cell activation, altering the gene and protein expression profile and reversing many of the changes induced during the activation. The transcriptomic changes induced by P4 were significantly enriched for genes associated with diseases known to be modulated during pregnancy such as MS, RA and psoriasis. STAT1 and STAT3 were significantly downregulated by P4 and their downstream targets were significantly enriched among the disease-associated genes. Several of these genes included well-known and disease-relevant cytokines, such as IL-12β, CXCL10 and OSM, which were further validated also at the protein level using proximity extension assay. Our results extend the previous knowledge of P4 as an immune regulatory hormone and support its importance during pregnancy for regulating potentially detrimental immune responses towards the semi-allogenic fetus. Further, our results also point toward a potential role for P4 in the pregnancy-induced disease immunomodulation and highlight the need for further studies evaluating P4 as a future treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hellberg
- Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johanna Raffetseder
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Olof Rundquist
- Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Magnusson
- Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Georgia Papapavlou
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria C Jenmalm
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Ernerudh
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mika Gustafsson
- Bioinformatics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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11
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Giannaki M, Schrödl-Häußel M, Khakipoor S, Kirsch M, Roussa E. STAT3-dependent regulation of the electrogenic Na +/ HCO 3- cotransporter 1 (NBCe1) functional expression in cortical astrocytes. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:2036-2050. [PMID: 32761631 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrogenic Na+ /HCO3- cotransporter (NBCe1) in astrocytes is crucial in regulation of acid-base homeostasis in the brain. Since many pathophysiological conditions in the brain have been associated with pH shifts we exposed primary mouse cortical and hippocampal astrocytes to prolonged low or high extracellular pH (pHo ) at constant extracellular bicarbonate concentration and investigated activation of astrocytes and regulation of NBCe1 by immunoblotting, biotinylation of surface proteins, and intracellular H+ recordings. High pHo at constant extracellular bicarbonate caused upregulation of NBCe1 protein, surface expression and activity via upregulation of the astrocytic activation markers signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression. High pHo -induced increased NBCe1 protein expression was prevented in astrocytes from Stat3flox/flox ::GfapCre/+ mice. In vitro, basal and high pHo -induced increased NBCe1 functional expression was impaired following inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation. These results provide a novel regulation mode of NBCe1 protein and activity, highlight the importance of astrocyte reactivity on regulation of NBCe1 and implicate roles for NBCe1 in altering/modulating extracellular pH during development as well as of the microenvironment at sites of brain injuries and other pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Giannaki
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Schrödl-Häußel
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shokoufeh Khakipoor
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eleni Roussa
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Medical Faculty, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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12
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Tantawy MA, Shaheen S, Kattan SW, Alelwani W, Barnawi IO, Elmgeed GA, Nafie MS. Cytotoxicity, in silico predictions and molecular studies for androstane heterocycle compounds revealed potential antitumor agent against lung cancer cells. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4352-4365. [PMID: 33300466 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1856188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The IL6/JAK2/STAT3 axis dysregulation and the related downstream pathways are a major contributor to the progression of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and mainly affect apoptosis. Furthermore, tubulin inhibitors are potential chemotherapeutic agents against NSCLC. In this study, we have provided new molecular insights into the antiproliferative activity of six 3β-acetoxy-5α-androstane heterocycle compounds against NSCLC. The cell line A549, which represents a good model of NSCLC, was used to evaluate the antitumour activity of tested androstane derivatives, and non-cancerous gingival mesenchymal stem cell line (GMSC) were used to assess the specificity and toxicity of the tested compounds. Further on, molecular docking predictions were used to determine the molecular targets for the most promising cytotoxic compound. To assess apoptosis and cell cycle progression in treated A549 cells, flow cytometry was used. RT-qPCR and ELISA analyses were used to gain deep insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms. Results revealed that compound 4 has potential cytotoxicity on A549 cells, with lower IC50 value (27.36 μM). Moreover, in silico, compound 4 showed a good binding affinity to JAK2 and tubulin-colchicine soblidotin molecular targets. This was further confirmed on the molecular level. Compound 4 has also led to apoptosis and increased fragmentation of DNA, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings have provided good evidence that compound 4 may be a dual inhibitor of IL6/JAK2/STAT3 and tubulin formation in lung cancer. These findings support further molecular exploration of this androstane derivative as promising anti-lung cancer agent.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameerah Shaheen
- Anatomy Department and Stem Cell Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad W Kattan
- Medical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walla Alelwani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim O Barnawi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Elmgeed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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13
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Zhu T, Bao X, Chen M, Lin R, Zhuyan J, Zhen T, Xing K, Zhou W, Zhu S. Mechanisms and Future of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:585284. [PMID: 33262947 PMCID: PMC7686569 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.585284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, renowned for its fast progression and metastatic potency, is rising to become a leading cause of death globally. It has been long observed that lung cancer is particularly ept in spawning distant metastasis at its early stages, and it can readily colonize virtually any human organ. In recent years, cancer research has shed light on why lung cancer is endowed with its exceptional ability to metastasize. In this review, we will take a comprehensive look at the current research on lung cancer metastasis, including molecular pathways, anatomical features and genetic traits that make lung cancer intrinsically metastatic, as we go from lung cancer’s general metastatic potential to the particular metastasis mechanisms in multiple organs. We highly concerned about the advanced discovery and development of lung cancer metastasis, indicating the importance of lung cancer specific gene mutations, heterogeneity or biomarker discovery, and discussing potential opportunities and challenges. We will also introduce some current treatments that targets certain metastatic strategies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Advances made in these regards could be critical to our current knowledge base of lung cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Starriver Bilingual School, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhuyan
- Shanghai Starriver Bilingual School, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Souths Campus, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Wang J, Li Q, Cheng X, Zhang B, Lin J, Tang Y, Li F, Yang CS, Wang TC, Tu S. Bone Marrow-Derived Myofibroblasts Promote Gastric Cancer Metastasis by Activating TGF-β1 and IL-6/STAT3 Signalling Loop. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10567-10580. [PMID: 33116635 PMCID: PMC7585554 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s266506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Murine bone marrow-derived myofibroblasts (BMFs) have previously been shown to promote gastric cancer growth. However, whether BMFs promote gastric cancer cell metastasis remains largely unknown. Methods Wound healing assay, Transwell invasion and migration assay and 3D organotypic co-culture systems were conducted to study the effects of BMFs on invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells and the invasion and migration ability of gastric cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC-LCs) induced by BMFs. We employed two animal model to study the role of BMFs on the in vivo metastasis of gastric cancer cells and the metastatic ability of gastric BMF-induced CSC-LCs. A human gastric cancer tissue microarray and TCGA gastric cancer database were analysed to study the relationship between the expression of IL-6 and TGF-β1 and clinicopathological characteristics and survival in gastric cancer. Results We found that BMFs promoted the in vitro migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. BMFs promoted liver, lung, subcutaneous, and splenic metastases of MKN28 cells in the spleen injection liver metastasis model and co-injection of caudal vein (IOCV) mouse model. BMFs reprogrammed non-gastric cancer stem cell (CSC) to CSC-LCs and enhanced CSC-LC migration and metastasis. BMF-derived IL-6 and gastric cancer cell-secreted TGF-β1 mediated the interaction between BMFs and gastric cancer cells, promoting tumour metastasis. BMFs enhanced the expressions of STAT3 and p-STAT3 in co-cultured gastric cancer cells. A combination of Napabucasin and Galunisertib exhibited the strongest inhibition of cell migration compared to when administered alone. Gastric cancer tissue array and TCGA database indicated that the overexpression of IL-6 and TGF-β1 was associated with gastric cancer metastasis. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that BMFs promote gastric cancer metastasis through the activation of the TGF-β1 and IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathways. Targeting the inhibition of these interactions may be a potent therapeutic strategy for addressing gastric cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingli Li
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiao Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuli Li
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shuiping Tu
- Department of Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
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15
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Le BV, Podszywalow-Bartnicka P, Maifrede S, Sullivan-Reed K, Nieborowska-Skorska M, Golovine K, Yao JC, Nejati R, Cai KQ, Caruso LB, Swatler J, Dabrowski M, Lian Z, Valent P, Paietta EM, Levine RL, Fernandez HF, Tallman MS, Litzow MR, Huang J, Challen GA, Link D, Tempera I, Wasik MA, Piwocka K, Skorski T. TGFβR-SMAD3 Signaling Induces Resistance to PARP Inhibitors in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108221. [PMID: 33027668 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic lethality triggered by PARP inhibitor (PARPi) yields promising therapeutic results. Unfortunately, tumor cells acquire PARPi resistance, which is usually associated with the restoration of homologous recombination, loss of PARP1 expression, and/or loss of DNA double-strand break (DSB) end resection regulation. Here, we identify a constitutive mechanism of resistance to PARPi. We report that the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) facilitates DSB repair activity in leukemia cells to protect them against PARPi-mediated synthetic lethality. This effect depends on the hypoxia-induced overexpression of transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFβR) kinase on malignant cells, which is activated by bone marrow stromal cells-derived transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Genetic and/or pharmacological targeting of the TGF-β1-TGFβR kinase axis results in the restoration of the sensitivity of malignant cells to PARPi in BMM and prolongs the survival of leukemia-bearing mice. Our finding may lead to the therapeutic application of the TGFβR inhibitor in patients receiving PARPis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bac Viet Le
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Cytometry, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Silvia Maifrede
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katherine Sullivan-Reed
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Margaret Nieborowska-Skorska
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Konstantin Golovine
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Juo-Chin Yao
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Reza Nejati
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Beatrice Caruso
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julian Swatler
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Cytometry, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Dabrowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zhaorui Lian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna and Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth M Paietta
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ross L Levine
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hugo F Fernandez
- Moffitt Malignant Hematology & Cellular Therapy at Memorial Healthcare System, Pembroke Pines, FL, USA
| | - Martin S Tallman
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark R Litzow
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Grant A Challen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Link
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Italo Tempera
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Cytometry, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center and Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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16
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Kim G, Kim J, Cha H, Park WY, Ahn JS, Ahn MJ, Park K, Park YJ, Choi JY, Lee KH, Lee SH, Moon SH. Metabolic radiogenomics in lung cancer: associations between FDG PET image features and oncogenic signaling pathway alterations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13231. [PMID: 32764738 PMCID: PMC7411040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the associations between image features extracted from tumor 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and genetic alterations in patients with lung cancer. A total of 137 patients (age, 62.7 ± 10.2 years) who underwent FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and targeted deep sequencing analysis for a tumor lesion, comprising 61 adenocarcinoma (ADC), 31 squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC), and 45 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, were enrolled in this study. From the tumor lesions, 86 image features were extracted, and 381 genes were assessed. PET features were associated with genetic mutations: 41 genes with 24 features in ADC; 35 genes with 22 features in SQCC; and 43 genes with 25 features in SCLC (FDR < 0.05). Clusters based on PET features showed an association with alterations in oncogenic signaling pathways: Cell cycle and WNT signaling pathways in ADC (p = 0.023, p = 0.035, respectively); Cell cycle, p53, and WNT in SQCC (p = 0.045, 0.009, and 0.029, respectively); and TGFβ in SCLC (p = 0.030). In addition, SUVpeak and SUVmax were associated with a mutation of the TGFβ signaling pathway in ADC (FDR = 0.001, < 0.001). In this study, PET image features had significant associations with alterations in genes and oncogenic signaling pathways in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gahyun Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongui Cha
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Han Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hwan Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Premkumar K, Shankar BS. TGF-βR inhibitor SB431542 restores immune suppression induced by regulatory B–T cell axis and decreases tumour burden in murine fibrosarcoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:153-168. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Yadav VK, Huang YJ, George TA, Wei PL, Sumitra MR, Ho CL, Chang TH, Wu ATH, Huang HS. Preclinical Evaluation of the Novel Small-Molecule MSI-N1014 for Treating Drug-Resistant Colon Cancer via the LGR5/β-catenin/miR-142-3p Network and Reducing Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Transformation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061590. [PMID: 32560222 PMCID: PMC7352915 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer represents one of the most prevalent malignancies globally, with an estimated 140,000 new cases in the United States alone in 2019. Despite advancements in interventions, drug resistance occurs in virtually all patients diagnosed with late stages of colon cancer. Amplified epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is one of the most prevalent oncogenic drivers in patients and induces increased Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transduction and activator of transcription (STAT) and β-catenin functions, all of which facilitate disease progression. Equally important, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) transformed by cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) further facilitate malignancy by secreting interleukin (IL)-6 and augmenting STAT3 signaling in colon cancer cells and promoting the generation of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Based on these premises, single-targeted therapeutics have proven ineffective for treating malignant colon cancer, and alternative multiple-targeting agents should be explored. Herein, we synthesized a tetracyclic heterocyclic azathioxanthone, MSI-N1014, and demonstrated its therapeutic potential both in vitro and in vivo. First, we used a co-culture system to demonstrate that colon cancer cells co-cultured with CAFs resulted in heightened 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance and tumor sphere-forming ability and increased side populations, accompanied by elevated expression of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), β-catenin, leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), and ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2). MSI-N1014 suppressed cell viability, colony formation, and migration in both DLD1 and HCT116 cells. MSI-N1014 treatment led to decreased expressions of oncogenic markers, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), EGFR, and IL-6 and stemness markers such as CD44, β-catenin, and LGR5. More importantly, MSI-N1014 treatment suppressed the transformation of CAFs, and was associated with decreased secretion of IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by CAFs. Furthermore, MSI-N1014 treatment resulted in significantly reduced oncogenic properties, namely the migratory ability, tumor-sphere generation, and resistance against 5-FU. Notably, an increased level of the tumor suppressor, miR-142-3p, whose targets include LGR5, IL-6, and ABCG2, was detected in association with MSI-N1014 treatment. Finally, we demonstrated the therapeutic potential of MSI-N1014 in vivo, where combined treatment with MSI-N1014 and 5-FU led to the lowest tumor growth, followed by MSI-N1014 only, 5-FU, and the vehicle control. Tumor samples from the MSI-N1014 group showed markedly reduced expressions of LGR5, β-catenin, IL-6, and mTOR, but increased expression of the tumor suppressor, miR-142-3p, according to qRT-PCR analysis. Collectively, we present preclinical support for the application of MSI-N1014 in treating 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells. Further investigation is warranted to translate these findings into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijesh Kumar Yadav
- The Program for Translational Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yan-Jiun Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (P.-L.W.)
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Thomashire Anita George
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (P.-L.W.)
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Maryam rachmawati Sumitra
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Liang Ho
- Division of Hematology and Oncology Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Hao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T. H. Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.T.H.W.); (H.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2697-2035 (ext. 112) (A.T.H.W.); +886-2-6638-2736 (ext. 1377) (H.-S.H.)
| | - Hsu-Shan Huang
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.T.H.W.); (H.-S.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2697-2035 (ext. 112) (A.T.H.W.); +886-2-6638-2736 (ext. 1377) (H.-S.H.)
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19
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Kaji DA, Howell KL, Balic Z, Hubmacher D, Huang AH. Tgfβ signaling is required for tenocyte recruitment and functional neonatal tendon regeneration. eLife 2020; 9:51779. [PMID: 32501213 PMCID: PMC7324157 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon injuries are common with poor healing potential. The paucity of therapies for tendon injuries is due to our limited understanding of the cells and molecular pathways that drive tendon regeneration. Using a mouse model of neonatal tendon regeneration, we identified TGFβ signaling as a major molecular pathway that drives neonatal tendon regeneration. Through targeted gene deletion, small molecule inhibition, and lineage tracing, we elucidated TGFβ-dependent and TGFβ-independent mechanisms underlying tendon regeneration. Importantly, functional recovery depended on canonical TGFβ signaling and loss of function is due to impaired tenogenic cell recruitment from both Scleraxis-lineage and non-Scleraxis-lineage sources. We show that TGFβ signaling is directly required in neonatal tenocytes for recruitment and that TGFβ ligand is positively regulated in tendons. Collectively, these results show a functional role for canonical TGFβ signaling in tendon regeneration and offer new insights toward the divergent cellular activities that distinguish regenerative vs fibrotic healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak A Kaji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Kristen L Howell
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Zerina Balic
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Dirk Hubmacher
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Alice H Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
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20
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Xu S, Mao Y, Wu J, Feng J, Li J, Wu L, Yu Q, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Chen J, Ji J, Chen K, Wang F, Dai W, Fan X, Guo C. TGF-β/Smad and JAK/STAT pathways are involved in the anti-fibrotic effects of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulphate on hepatic fibrosis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5224-5237. [PMID: 32233073 PMCID: PMC7205790 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, a consequence of unhealthy modern lifestyles, has a growing impact on human health, particularly in developed countries. Here, we have explored the anti‐fibrotic effects of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulphate (PSS), a natural extract from brown algae, in fibrotic mice and cell models. Thus, we established bile duct ligature and carbon tetrachloride mouse models and LX‐2 cell models with or without PSS treatment. Liver pathological sections and the relevant indicators in serum and liver tissues were examined. PSS prevented hepatic injury and fibrosis to a significant extent, and induced up‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and down‐regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 through suppressing the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1)/Smad pathway. PSS additionally exerted an anti‐autophagy effect through suppressing the Janus kinase (JAK) 2/transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. In conclusion, PSS prevents hepatic fibrosis by suppressing inflammation, promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) decomposition and inactivating hepatic stellate cells through mechanisms involving the TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Mao
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Liu W, Wang H, Bai F, Ding L, Huang Y, Lu C, Chen S, Li C, Yue X, Liang X, Ma C, Xu L, Gao L. IL-6 promotes metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer by up-regulating TIM-4 via NF-κB. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12776. [PMID: 32020709 PMCID: PMC7106962 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is critical for the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recently, we identified T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain 4 (TIM-4) as a new pro-growth player in NSCLC progression. However, the role of TIM-4 in IL-6-promoted NSCLC migration, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expressions of TIM-4 and IL-6 were both evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in NSCLC tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blot, flow cytometry and RT-PCR were performed to detect TIM-4 expression in NSCLC cells with IL-6 stimulation. The roles of TIM-4 in IL-6 promoting migration and invasion of NSCLC were detected by transwell assay. EMT-related markers were analysed by qPCR and Western blot in vitro, and metastasis was evaluated in BALB/c nude mice using lung cancer metastasis mouse model in vivo. RESULTS High IL-6 expression was identified as an independent predictive factor for TIM-4 expression in NSCLC tissues. NSCLC patients with TIM-4 and IL-6 double high expression showed the worst prognosis. IL-6 promoted TIM-4 expression in NSCLC cells depending on NF-κB signal pathway. Both TIM-4 and IL-6 promoted migration, invasion and EMT of NSCLC cells. Interestingly, TIM-4 knockdown reversed the role of IL-6 in NSCLC and IL-6 promoted metastasis of NSCLC by up-regulating TIM-4 via NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS TIM-4 involves in IL-6 promoted migration, invasion and EMT of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuxiang Bai
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyan Huang
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changchang Lu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuetian Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liyun Xu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education and Department of Immunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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22
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The role of contextual signal TGF-β1 inducer of epithelial mesenchymal transition in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma patients with brain metastases: an update on its pathological significance and therapeutic potential. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2019; 23:187-194. [PMID: 31992949 PMCID: PMC6978756 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2019.91543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LA) is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite the advances over last decade in new targeted therapies, cancer genetics, diagnostics, staging, and surgical techniques as well as new chemotherapy and radiotherapy protocols, the death rate from LA remains high. The tumour microenvironment is composed of several cytokines, one of which is transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), which modulates and mediates the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), correlated with invasive growth in LAs, and exhibits its pleiotropic effects through binding to transmembrane receptors TβR-1 (also termed activin receptor-like kinases – ALKs) and TβR-2. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with the tumoural spreading process and therapeutic resistance of this serious pathology. In this review, we briefly discuss the current role of contextual signal TGF-β1 inducer of epithelial mesenchymal transition in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma patients with brain metastases, and give an overview of our current mechanistic understanding of the TGF-β1-related pathways in brain metastases progression, TGF-β1 pathway inhibitors that could be used for clinical treatment, and examination of models used to study these processes. Finally, we summarise the current progress in the therapeutic approaches targeting TGF-β1.
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23
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Sun C, Yang J, Cheng HB, Shen WX, Jiang ZQ, Wu MJ, Li L, Li WT, Chen TT, Rao XW, Zhou JR, Wu MH. 2-Hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone inhibits lung carcinoma cells through modulation of IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 61:152848. [PMID: 31035048 PMCID: PMC9618327 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (HMA), an anthraquinone monomer in traditional Chinese medicine Hedyotis diffusa, has been reported to inhibit the growth of several types of cancer, but its effect on lung cancer has not been adequately investigated. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This study aimed to test the hypothesis that HMA inhibit the growth, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells in part via downregulation of interleukin (IL)-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 pathway. METHODS Growth and apoptosis of lung cancer cells were quantitated by CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Migration and invasion of A549 cells were determined by wound-healing assay and transwell invasion assay, respectively. The effect of HMA on cytokines expression in A549 cells was evaluated by the cytokine antibody array assay. Gene expression and protein levels of related molecular markers were quantitated by real time-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS HMA significantly inhibited IL-6-stimulated growth and colony formation of A549 cells, increased the number of apoptotic cells, and inhibited invasion associated with downregulation of expression of IL-6-induced MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 genes. IL-6 increased the levels of tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in A549 cells, which was reversed by HMA treatment. In addition, HMA reduced the expression of a series of inflammation-related cytokines in A549 cells supernatant, including IL-6, G-CSF, IL-6R, IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES, TNF-α. CONCLUSION These results suggest that HMA may inhibit the growth and invasion of lung cancer cells in part via downregulation of IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Institute of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Nutrition/Metabolism Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Institute of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hai-Bo Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wei-Xing Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ze-Qun Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Institute of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ming-Jie Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Institute of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Institute of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xi-Wu Rao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Translational Medicine Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jin-Rong Zhou
- Nutrition/Metabolism Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Mian-Hua Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Institute of Oncology, the First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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24
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Zhu B, Zhao L, Liu Y, Jin Y, Feng J, Zhao F, Sun J, Geng R, Wei Y. Induction of phosphatase shatterproof 2 by evodiamine suppresses the proliferation and invasion of human cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 108:98-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Glutamine Addiction and Therapeutic Strategies in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020252. [PMID: 30634602 PMCID: PMC6359540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer cells are well-documented to rewire their metabolism and energy production networks to support rapid survival and proliferation. This metabolic reorganization has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer. The increased uptake of glucose and the increased activity of the glycolytic pathway have been extensively described. However, over the past years, increasing evidence has shown that lung cancer cells also require glutamine to fulfill their metabolic needs. As a nitrogen source, glutamine contributes directly (or indirectly upon conversion to glutamate) to many anabolic processes in cancer, such as the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleobases, and hexosamines. It plays also an important role in the redox homeostasis, and last but not least, upon conversion to α-ketoglutarate, glutamine is an energy and anaplerotic carbon source that replenishes tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. The latter is generally indicated as glutaminolysis. In this review, we explore the role of glutamine metabolism in lung cancer. Because lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death with limited curative treatment options, we focus on the potential therapeutic approaches targeting the glutamine metabolism in cancer.
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26
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Selvaraj G, Kaliamurthi S, Kaushik AC, Khan A, Wei YK, Cho WC, Gu K, Wei DQ. Identification of target gene and prognostic evaluation for lung adenocarcinoma using gene expression meta-analysis, network analysis and neural network algorithms. J Biomed Inform 2018; 86:120-134. [PMID: 30195659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a heterogeneous disease with poor survival in the advanced stage and a high incidence rate in the world. Novel drug targets are urgently required to improve patient treatment. Therefore, we aimed to identify therapeutic targets for LUAD based on protein-protein and protein-drug interaction network analysis with neural network algorithms using mRNA expression profiles. RESULTS A comprehensive meta-analysis of selective non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) mRNA expression profile datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus were used to identify potential biomarkers and the molecular mechanisms related to the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Using the Network Analyst tool, based on combined effect size (ES) methods, we recognized 6566 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which included 3036 downregulated and 3530 upregulated genes linked to NSCLC patient survival. ClueGO, a Cytoscape plugin, was exploited to complete the function and pathway enrichment analysis, which disclosed "regulated exocytosis", "purine nucleotide binding", "pathways in cancer", and "cell cycle" between exceptionally supplemented terms. Enrichr, a web tool examination, demonstrated "early growth response protein 1 (EGR-1)", "hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4A)", "mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAP3K14)", and "cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)" to be among the most prevalent TFs and kinases associated with NSCLC. Our meta-analysis identified that MAPK1 and aurora kinase (AURKA) are the most obvious class of hub nodes. Furthermore, protein-drug interaction network and neural network algorithms identified candidate drugs such as phosphothreonine and 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-n-[5-(2-thienylacetyl)-1,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-3-yl] benzamide and for the targets MAPK1 and AURKA, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study has identified novel candidate biomarkers, pathways, transcription factors (TFs), and kinases associated with NSCLC prognosis, as well as drug candidates, which may assist treatment strategy for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurudeeban Selvaraj
- Center of Interdisciplinary Sciences-Computational Life Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Satyavani Kaliamurthi
- Center of Interdisciplinary Sciences-Computational Life Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aman Chandra Kaushik
- Department of Bioinformatics, The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics, The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Kai Wei
- College of Science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Keren Gu
- Center of Interdisciplinary Sciences-Computational Life Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environment, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Center of Interdisciplinary Sciences-Computational Life Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China; College of Science, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Bioinformatics, The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Walraven M, Hinz B. Therapeutic approaches to control tissue repair and fibrosis: Extracellular matrix as a game changer. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:205-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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28
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Meng LQ, Wang Y, Luo YH, Piao XJ, Liu C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang JR, Wang H, Xu WT, Liu Y, Wu YQ, Sun HN, Han YH, Jin MH, Shen GN, Fang NZ, Jin CH. Quinalizarin Induces Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Mediated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) Signaling Pathways in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3710-3719. [PMID: 29860266 PMCID: PMC6014151 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinalizarin (1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone) exhibits potentially useful anticancer effects by inducing apoptosis in several types of cancer, but its underlying mechanism of action remains unknown. The present study examined the effects of quinalizarin on the induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), other underlying mechanisms, and its role in modifying colorectal cancer cell lines. MATERIAL AND METHODS The MTT assay was used to evaluate the viability of SW480 and HCT-116 cells that had been treated with quinalizarin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to investigate the mitochondrial pathway; Akt, MAPK, and STAT3 signaling pathways were also investigated. The relationship between ROS generation and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and western blotting. RESULTS The results indicated that quinalizarin significantly inhibits the viability of SW480 and HCT-116 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Quinalizarin induced SW480 cell cycle arrest at G2/M by regulating cyclin B1 and CDK1/2. The apoptosis-related protein expression levels of p-p53, Bad, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and p-JNK were increased in quinalizarin-treated cells, while protein expression levels Bcl-2, p-Akt, p-ERK, and p-STAT3 were decreased. Quinalizarin induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by regulating MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways via ROS generation. CONCLUSIONS Quinalizarin induces apoptosis via ROS-mediated MAPK/STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Qi Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Genetics Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Ying-Hua Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xian-Ji Piao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jia-Ru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wan-Ting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yi-Qin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Mei-Hua Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Gui-Nan Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Nan-Zhu Fang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
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Oh RS, Haak AJ, Smith KMJ, Ligresti G, Choi KM, Xie T, Wang S, Walters PR, Thompson MA, Freeman MR, Manlove LJ, Chu VM, Feghali-Bostwick C, Roden AC, Schymeinsky J, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS, Vassallo R, Tschumperlin DJ. RNAi screening identifies a mechanosensitive ROCK-JAK2-STAT3 network central to myofibroblast activation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209932. [PMID: 29678906 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts play key roles in wound healing and pathological fibrosis. Here, we used an RNAi screen to characterize myofibroblast regulatory genes, using a high-content imaging approach to quantify α-smooth muscle actin stress fibers in cultured human fibroblasts. Screen hits were validated on physiological compliance hydrogels, and selected hits tested in primary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Our RNAi screen led to the identification of STAT3 as an essential mediator of myofibroblast activation and function. Strikingly, we found that STAT3 phosphorylation, while responsive to exogenous ligands on both soft and stiff matrices, is innately active on a stiff matrix in a ligand/receptor-independent, but ROCK- and JAK2-dependent fashion. These results demonstrate how a cytokine-inducible signal can become persistently activated by pathological matrix stiffening. Consistent with a pivotal role for this pathway in driving persistent fibrosis, a STAT3 inhibitor attenuated murine pulmonary fibrosis when administered in a therapeutic fashion after bleomycin injury. Our results identify novel genes essential for the myofibroblast phenotype, and point to STAT3 as an important target in pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S Oh
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Karry M J Smith
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kyoung Moo Choi
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tiao Xie
- Image and Data Analysis Core, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paula R Walters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michelle R Freeman
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Logan J Manlove
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vivian M Chu
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jürgen Schymeinsky
- Department of Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robert Vassallo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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30
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Bernard K, Logsdon NJ, Benavides GA, Sanders Y, Zhang J, Darley-Usmar VM, Thannickal VJ. Glutaminolysis is required for transforming growth factor-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation and activation. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1218-1228. [PMID: 29222329 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts participate in physiological wound healing and pathological fibrosis. Myofibroblast differentiation is characterized by the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and extracellular matrix proteins and is dependent on metabolic reprogramming. In this study, we explored the role of glutaminolysis and metabolites of TCA in supporting myofibroblast differentiation. Glutaminolysis converts Gln into α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), a critical intermediate in the TCA cycle. Increases in the steady-state concentrations of TCA cycle metabolites including α-KG, succinate, fumarate, malate, and citrate were observed in TGF-β1-differentiated myofibroblasts. The concentration of glutamate was also increased in TGF-β1-differentiated myofibroblasts compared with controls, whereas glutamine levels were decreased, suggesting enhanced glutaminolysis. This was associated with TGF-β1-induced expression of the glutaminase (GLS) isoform, GLS1, which converts Gln into glutamate, at both the mRNA and protein levels. The stimulation of GLS1 expression by TGF-β1 was dependent on both SMAD3 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Depletion of extracellular Gln prevented TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation. The removal of extracellular Gln postmyofibroblast differentiation decreased the expression of the profibrotic markers fibronectin and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and reversed TGF-β1-induced metabolic reprogramming. Silencing of GLS1 expression, in the presence of Gln, abrogated TGF-β1-induced expression of profibrotic markers. Treatment of GLS1-deficient myofibroblasts with exogenous glutamate or α-KG restored TGF-β1-induced expression of profibrotic markers in GLS1-deficient myofibroblasts. Together, these data demonstrate that glutaminolysis is a critical component of myofibroblast metabolic reprogramming that regulates myofibroblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bernard
- From the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine,
| | - Naomi J Logsdon
- From the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Department of Pathology, and.,Center for Free Radical Biology and Medicine of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 and
| | - Yan Sanders
- From the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, and.,Center for Free Radical Biology and Medicine of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 and
| | - Victor M Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, and.,Center for Free Radical Biology and Medicine of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 and
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- From the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine.,the Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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