1
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She Y, Chen Z, Zhang L, Wang Y. MiR-181a-5p knockdown ameliorates sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neuron injury via regulation of the DDX3X/Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:571-583. [PMID: 38218948 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is one of the most widely used inhaled anesthetics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to affect sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neuron damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-181a-5p in sevoflurane-induced hippocampal neuronal injury. Primary hippocampal neurons were identified using microscopy and immunofluorescence. The viability and apoptosis of sevoflurane anesthesia-induced neurons were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining assay, respectively. The levels of apoptosis- and oxidative stress-related proteins as well as the markers in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were examined by immunoblotting. Enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assays were performed to examine the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to validate the combination between miR-181a-5p and DEAD-box helicase 3, X-linked (DDX3X). Sevoflurane exposure led to significantly inhibited hippocampal neuron viability and elevated miR-181a-5p expression. Knockdown of miR-181a-5p alleviated sevoflurane-induced neuron injury by reducing cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. Additionally, DDX3X was targeted and negatively regulated by miR-181a-5p. Moreover, miR-181a-5p inhibitor activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via DDX3X in sevoflurane-treated cells. Rescue experiments revealed that DDX3X knockdown or overexpression of Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) reversed the suppressive effects of miR-181a-5p inhibitor on cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in sevoflurane-treated neuronal cells. MiR-181a-5p ameliorated sevoflurane-triggered neuron injury by regulating the DDX3X/Wnt/β-catenin axis, suggesting the potential of miR-181a-5p as a novel and promising therapeutic target for the treatment of sevoflurane-evoked neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi She
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hebei, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hebei, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hebei, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan No 1 Hospital, No. 215 Zhongshan Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
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2
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Gadek M, Sherr EH, Floor SN. The variant landscape and function of DDX3X in cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:726-739. [PMID: 37422363 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
RNA molecules rely on proteins across their life cycle. DDX3X encodes an X-linked DEAD-box RNA helicase with a Y-linked paralog, DDX3Y. DDX3X is central to the RNA life cycle and is implicated in many conditions, including cancer and the neurodevelopmental disorder DDX3X syndrome. DDX3X-linked conditions often exhibit sex differences, possibly due to differences between expression or function of the X- and Y-linked paralogs DDX3X and DDX3Y. DDX3X-related diseases have different mutational landscapes, indicating different roles of DDX3X. Understanding the role of DDX3X in normal and disease states will inform the understanding of DDX3X in disease. We review the function of DDX3X and DDX3Y, discuss how mutation type and sex bias contribute to human diseases involving DDX3X, and review possible DDX3X-targeting treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Gadek
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Elliott H Sherr
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Stephen N Floor
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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3
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Bodin A, Greibill L, Gouju J, Letournel F, Pozzi S, Julien JP, Renaud L, Bohl D, Millecamps S, Verny C, Cassereau J, Lenaers G, Chevrollier A, Tassin AM, Codron P. Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 is enriched at the centrosome in human cells. Brain 2023; 146:3624-3633. [PMID: 37410912 PMCID: PMC10473568 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome, as the main microtubule organizing centre, plays key roles in cell polarity, genome stability and ciliogenesis. The recent identification of ribosomes, RNA-binding proteins and transcripts at the centrosome suggests local protein synthesis. In this context, we hypothesized that TDP-43, a highly conserved RNA binding protein involved in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, could be enriched at this organelle. Using dedicated high magnification sub-diffraction microscopy on human cells, we discovered a novel localization of TDP-43 at the centrosome during all phases of the cell cycle. These results were confirmed on purified centrosomes by western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy. In addition, the co-localization of TDP-43 and pericentrin suggested a pericentriolar enrichment of the protein, leading us to hypothesize that TDP-43 might interact with local mRNAs and proteins. Supporting this hypothesis, we found four conserved centrosomal mRNAs and 16 centrosomal proteins identified as direct TDP-43 interactors. More strikingly, all the 16 proteins are implicated in the pathophysiology of TDP-43 proteinopathies, suggesting that TDP-43 dysfunction in this organelle contributes to neurodegeneration. This first description of TDP-43 centrosomal enrichment paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of TDP-43 physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Bodin
- Univ Angers, Equipe MitoLab, Unité MitoVasc, Inserm U1083, CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France
- Neurobiology and neuropathology, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Logan Greibill
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Julien Gouju
- Neurobiology and neuropathology, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Franck Letournel
- Neurobiology and neuropathology, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Silvia Pozzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Laval, Québec City, Qc G1V 0A6, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, Qc G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Laval, Québec City, Qc G1V 0A6, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, Qc G1E 1T2, Canada
| | - Laurence Renaud
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc H3C 3J7, Canada
- Groupe de recherche sur le système nerveux central, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Delphine Bohl
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Millecamps
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Verny
- Univ Angers, Equipe MitoLab, Unité MitoVasc, Inserm U1083, CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France
- Department of Neurology, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Julien Cassereau
- Univ Angers, Equipe MitoLab, Unité MitoVasc, Inserm U1083, CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France
- Department of Neurology, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Univ Angers, Equipe MitoLab, Unité MitoVasc, Inserm U1083, CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France
- Department of Neurology, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Chevrollier
- Univ Angers, Equipe MitoLab, Unité MitoVasc, Inserm U1083, CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Codron
- Univ Angers, Equipe MitoLab, Unité MitoVasc, Inserm U1083, CNRS 6015, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France
- Neurobiology and neuropathology, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
- Department of Neurology, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center, University-Hospital of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
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DDX3X Is Hijacked by Snakehead Vesiculovirus Phosphoprotein To Facilitate Virus Replication via Stabilization of the Phosphoprotein. J Virol 2023; 97:e0003523. [PMID: 36744958 PMCID: PMC9972964 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00035-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD) box helicase 3 X-linked (DDX3X) plays important regulatory roles in the replication of many viruses. However, the role of DDX3X in rhabdovirus replication has seldomly been investigated. In this study, snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV), a kind of fish rhabdovirus, was used to study the role of DDX3X in rhabdovirus replication. DDX3X was identified as an interacting partner of SHVV phosphoprotein (P). The expression level of DDX3X was increased at an early stage of SHVV infection and then decreased to a normal level at a later infection stage. Overexpression of DDX3X promoted, while knockdown of DDX3X using specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) suppressed, SHVV replication, indicating that DDX3X was a proviral factor for SHVV replication. The N-terminal and core domains of DDX3X (DDX3X-N and DDX3X-Core) were determined to be the regions responsible for its interaction with SHVV P. Overexpression of DDX3X-Core suppressed SHVV replication by competitively disrupting the interaction between full-length DDX3X and SHVV P, suggesting that full-length DDX3X-P interaction was required for SHVV replication. Mechanistically, DDX3X-mediated promotion of SHVV replication was due not to inhibition of interferon expression but to maintenance of the stability of SHVV P to avoid autophagy-lysosome-dependent degradation. Collectively, our data suggest that DDX3X is hijacked by SHVV P to ensure effective replication of SHVV, which suggests an important anti-SHVV target. This study will help elucidate the role of DDX3X in regulating the replication of rhabdoviruses. IMPORTANCE Growing evidence has suggested that DDX3X plays important roles in virus replication. In one respect, DDX3X inhibits the replication of viruses, including hepatitis B virus, influenza A virus, Newcastle disease virus, duck Tembusu virus, and red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus. In another respect, DDX3X is required for the replication of viruses, including hepatitis C virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, murine norovirus, herpes simplex virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Because DDX3X has rarely been investigated in rhabdovirus replication, this study aimed at investigating the role of DDX3X in rhabdovirus replication by using the fish rhabdovirus SHVV as a model. We found that DDX3X was required for SHVV replication, with the mechanism that DDX3X interacts with and maintains the stability of SHVV phosphoprotein. Our data provide novel insights into the role of DDX3X in virus replication and will facilitate the design of antiviral drugs against rhabdovirus infection.
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Ryan CS, Schröder M. The human DEAD-box helicase DDX3X as a regulator of mRNA translation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1033684. [PMID: 36393867 PMCID: PMC9642913 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1033684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The human DEAD-box protein DDX3X is an RNA remodelling enzyme that has been implicated in various aspects of RNA metabolism. In addition, like many DEAD-box proteins, it has non-conventional functions that are independent of its enzymatic activity, e.g., DDX3X acts as an adaptor molecule in innate immune signalling pathways. DDX3X has been linked to several human diseases. For example, somatic mutations in DDX3X were identified in various human cancers, and de novo germline mutations cause a neurodevelopmental condition now termed 'DDX3X syndrome'. DDX3X is also an important host factor in many different viral infections, where it can have pro-or anti-viral effects depending on the specific virus. The regulation of translation initiation for specific mRNA transcripts is likely a central cellular function of DDX3X, yet many questions regarding its exact targets and mechanisms of action remain unanswered. In this review, we explore the current knowledge about DDX3X's physiological RNA targets and summarise its interactions with the translation machinery. A role for DDX3X in translational reprogramming during cellular stress is emerging, where it may be involved in the regulation of stress granule formation and in mediating non-canonical translation initiation. Finally, we also discuss the role of DDX3X-mediated translation regulation during viral infections. Dysregulation of DDX3X's function in mRNA translation likely contributes to its involvement in disease pathophysiology. Thus, a better understanding of its exact mechanisms for regulating translation of specific mRNA targets is important, so that we can potentially develop therapeutic strategies for overcoming the negative effects of its dysregulation.
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Eom S, Lee S, Lee J, Yeom HD, Lee SG, Lee J. DDX3 Upregulates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Melanogenesis in Sk-Mel-2 Human Melanoma Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207010. [PMID: 36296601 PMCID: PMC9606883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DDX3 is a DEAD-box RNA helicase with diverse biological functions through multicellular pathways. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of DDX3 in regulating melanogenesis by the exploring signaling pathways involved. Various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide were used to induce melanogenesis in SK-Mel-2 human melanoma cells. Melanin content assays, tyrosinase activity analysis, and Western blot analysis were performed to determine how DDX3 was involved in melanogenesis. Transient transfection was performed to overexpress or silence DDX3 genes. Immunoprecipitation was performed using an antityrosinase antibody. Based on the results of the cell viability test, melanin content, and activity of tyrosinase, a key melanogenesis enzyme, in SK-Mel-2 human melanoma cells, hydrogen peroxide at 0.1 mM was chosen to induce melanogenesis. Treatment with H2O2 notably increased the promoter activity of DDX3. After treatment with hydroperoxide for 4 h, melanin content and tyrosinase activity peaked in DDX3-transfected cells. Overexpression of DDX3 increased melanin content and tyrosinase expression under oxidative stress induced by H2O2. DDX3 co-immunoprecipitated with tyrosinase, a melanogenesis enzyme. The interaction between DDX3 and tyrosinase was strongly increased under oxidative stress. DDX3 could increase melanogenesis under the H2O2-treated condition. Thus, targeting DDX3 could be a novel strategy to develop molecular therapy for skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanung Eom
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61886, Korea
| | - Shinhui Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61886, Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61886, Korea
| | | | - Seong-Gene Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61886, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-G.L.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-62-530-2160 (S.-G.L.); +82-62-530-2164 (J.L.)
| | - Junho Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61886, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-G.L.); (J.L.); Tel.: +82-62-530-2160 (S.-G.L.); +82-62-530-2164 (J.L.)
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7
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Nilius-Eliliwi V, Tembrink M, Gerding WM, Lubieniecki KP, Lubieniecka JM, Kankel S, Liehr T, Mika T, Dimopoulos F, Döhner K, Schroers R, Nguyen HHP, Vangala DB. Broad genomic workup including optical genome mapping uncovers a DDX3X: MLLT10 gene fusion in acute myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959243. [PMID: 36158701 PMCID: PMC9501710 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), treatment decisions are currently made according to the risk classification of the European LeukemiaNet (ELN), which is based on genetic alterations. Recently, optical genome mapping (OGM) as a novel method proved to yield a genome-wide and detailed cytogenetic characterization at the time of diagnosis. A young female patient suffered from a rather unexpected aggressive disease course under FLT3 targeted therapy in combination with induction chemotherapy. By applying a “next-generation diagnostic workup“ strategy with OGM and whole-exome sequencing (WES), a DDX3X: MLLT10 gene fusion could be detected, otherwise missed by routine diagnostics. Furthermore, several aspects of lineage ambiguity not shown by standard diagnostics were unraveled such as deletions of SUZ12 and ARPP21, as well as T-cell receptor recombination. In summary, the detection of this particular gene fusion DDX3X: MLLT10 in a female AML patient and the findings of lineage ambiguity are potential explanations for the aggressive course of disease. Our study demonstrates that OGM can yield novel clinically significant results, including additional information helpful in disease monitoring and disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Nilius-Eliliwi
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefanie Kankel
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Mika
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Fotios Dimopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Roland Schroers
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Deepak Ben Vangala
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- *Correspondence: Deepak Ben Vangala,
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Feng D, Li J, Guo L, Liu J, Wang S, Ma X, Song Y, Liu J, Hao E. DDX3X alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in an in vitro model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23077. [PMID: 35467791 PMCID: PMC9539463 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The life-threatening adverse effects of doxorubicin (Dox) caused by its cardiotoxic properties limit its clinical application. DDX3X has been shown to participate in a variety of physiological processes, and it acts as a regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, the role of DDX3X in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) remains unclear. In this study, we found that DDX3X expression was significantly decreased in H9c2 cardiomyocytes treated with Dox. Ddx3x knockdown and RK-33 (DDX3X ATPase activity inhibitor) pretreatment exacerbated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Dox treatment. In contrast, Ddx3x overexpression ameliorated the DIC response. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiomyocytes treated with Dox was suppressed, but this suppression was reversed by Ddx3x overexpression. Overall, this study demonstrated that DDX3X plays a protective role in DIC by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaochen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunxuan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Enkui Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Cargill M, Venkataraman R, Lee S. DEAD-Box RNA Helicases and Genome Stability. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1471. [PMID: 34680866 PMCID: PMC8535883 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DEAD-box RNA helicases are important regulators of RNA metabolism and have been implicated in the development of cancer. Interestingly, these helicases constitute a major recurring family of RNA-binding proteins important for protecting the genome. Current studies have provided insight into the connection between genomic stability and several DEAD-box RNA helicase family proteins including DDX1, DDX3X, DDX5, DDX19, DDX21, DDX39B, and DDX41. For each helicase, we have reviewed evidence supporting their role in protecting the genome and their suggested mechanisms. Such helicases regulate the expression of factors promoting genomic stability, prevent DNA damage, and can participate directly in the response and repair of DNA damage. Finally, we summarized the pathological and therapeutic relationship between DEAD-box RNA helicases and cancer with respect to their novel role in genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cargill
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
| | - Rasika Venkataraman
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stanley Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Sergeeva O, Abakumova T, Kurochkin I, Ialchina R, Kosyreva A, Prikazchikova T, Varlamova V, Shcherbinina E, Zatsepin T. Level of Murine DDX3 RNA Helicase Determines Phenotype Changes of Hepatocytes In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136958. [PMID: 34203429 PMCID: PMC8269429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
DDX3 RNA helicase is intensively studied as a therapeutic target due to participation in the replication of some viruses and involvement in cancer progression. Here we used transcriptome analysis to estimate the primary response of hepatocytes to different levels of RNAi-mediated knockdown of DDX3 RNA helicase both in vitro and in vivo. We found that a strong reduction of DDX3 protein (>85%) led to similar changes in vitro and in vivo—deregulation of the cell cycle and Wnt and cadherin pathways. Also, we observed the appearance of dead hepatocytes in the healthy liver and a decrease of cell viability in vitro after prolonged treatment. However, more modest downregulation of the DDX3 protein (60–65%) showed discordant results in vitro and in vivo—similar changes in vitro as in the case of strong knockdown and a different phenotype in vivo. These results demonstrate that the level of DDX3 protein can dramatically influence the cell phenotype in vivo and the decrease of DDX3, for more than 85% leads to cell death in normal tissues, which should be taken into account during the drug development of DDX3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sergeeva
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-926-388-0865
| | - Tatiana Abakumova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
| | - Ilia Kurochkin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
| | - Renata Ialchina
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
| | - Anna Kosyreva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatiana Prikazchikova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
| | - Varvara Varlamova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
| | - Evgeniya Shcherbinina
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
| | - Timofei Zatsepin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.); (I.K.); (R.I.); (T.P.); (V.V.); (E.S.); (T.Z.)
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
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11
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van der Pol CC, Moelans CB, Manson QF, Batenburg MCT, van der Wall E, Borel Rinkes I, Verkooijen L, Raman V, van Diest PJ. Cytoplasmic DDX3 as prognosticator in male breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:647-655. [PMID: 33974127 PMCID: PMC8516781 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease. Due to its rarity, treatment is still directed by data mainly extrapolated from female breast cancer (FBC) treatment, despite the fact that it has recently become clear that MBC has its own molecular characteristics. DDX3 is a RNA helicase with tumor suppressor and oncogenic potential that was described as a prognosticator in FBC and can be targeted by small molecule inhibitors of DDX3. The aim of this study was to evaluate if DDX3 is a useful prognosticator for MBC patients. Nuclear as well as cytoplasmic DDX3 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in a Dutch retrospective cohort of 106 MBC patients. Differences in 10-year survival by DDX3 expression were analyzed using log-rank test. The association between clinicopathologic variables, DDX3 expression, and survival was tested in uni- and multivariate Cox-regression analysis. High cytoplasmic DDX3 was associated with high androgen receptor (AR) expression while low nuclear DDX3 was associated with negative lymph node status. Nuclear and cytoplasmic DDX3 were not associated with each other. In a univariate analysis, high cytoplasmic DDX3 (p = 0.045) was significantly associated with better 10-year overall survival. In multivariate analyses, cytoplasmic DDX3 had independent prognostic value (p = 0.017). In conclusion, cytoplasmic DDX3 expression seems to be a useful prognosticator in MBC, as high cytoplasmic DDX3 indicated better 10-year survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen C van der Pol
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Alrijne Hospital Leiderdorp, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy B Moelans
- Departments of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quirine F Manson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Alrijne Hospital Leiderdorp, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - Marilot C T Batenburg
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elsken van der Wall
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inne Borel Rinkes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lenny Verkooijen
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Venu Raman
- Departments of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Departments of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht Cancer Center, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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12
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Abstract
The DEAD-box helicase family member DDX3X (DBX, DDX3) functions in nearly all stages of RNA metabolism and participates in the progression of many diseases, including virus infection, inflammation, intellectual disabilities and cancer. Over two decades, many studies have gradually unveiled the role of DDX3X in tumorigenesis and tumour progression. In fact, DDX3X possesses numerous functions in cancer biology and is closely related to many well-known molecules. In this review, we describe the function of DDX3X in RNA metabolism, cellular stress response, innate immune response, metabolic stress response in pancreatic β cells and embryo development. Then, we focused on the role of DDX3X in cancer biology and systematically demonstrated its functions in various aspects of tumorigenesis and development. To provide a more intuitive understanding of the role of DDX3X in cancer, we summarized its functions and specific mechanisms in various types of cancer and presented its involvement in cancer-related signalling pathways.
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13
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Winnard PT, Vesuna F, Raman V. Targeting host DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X for treating viral infections. Antiviral Res 2020; 185:104994. [PMID: 33301755 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DDX3X or DDX3, a member of the DEAD (asp, glu, ala, asp) box RNA helicase family of proteins, is a multifunctional protein, which is usurped by several viruses and is vital to their production. To date, 18 species of virus from 12 genera have been demonstrated to be dependent on DDX3 for virulence. In addition, DDX3 has been shown to function within 7 of 10 subcellular regions that are involved in the metabolism of viruses. As such, due to its direct interaction with viral components across most or all stages of viral life cycles, DDX3 can be considered an excellent host target for pan-antiviral drug therapy and has been reported to be a possible broad-spectrum antiviral target. Along these lines, it has been demonstrated that treatment of virally infected cells with small molecule inhibitors of DDX3 blunts virion productions. On the other hand, DDX3 bolsters an innate immune response and viruses have evolved capacities to sequester or block DDX3, which dampens an innate immune response. Thus, enhancing DDX3 production or co-targeting direct viral products that interfere with DDX3's modulation of innate immunity would also diminish virion production. Here we review the evidence that supports the hypothesis that modulating DDX3's agonistic and antagonistic functions during viral infections could have an important impact on safely and efficiently subduing a broad-spectrum of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Winnard
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, USA
| | - Farhad Vesuna
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, USA
| | - Venu Raman
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, USA; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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14
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Nguyen LTS, Robinson DN. The Unusual Suspects in Cytokinesis: Fitting the Pieces Together. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:441. [PMID: 32626704 PMCID: PMC7314909 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis is the step of the cell cycle in which the cell must faithfully separate the chromosomes and cytoplasm, yielding two daughter cells. The assembly and contraction of the contractile network is spatially and temporally coupled with the formation of the mitotic spindle to ensure the successful completion of cytokinesis. While decades of studies have elucidated the components of this machinery, the so-called usual suspects, and their functions, many lines of evidence are pointing to other unexpected proteins and sub-cellular systems as also being involved in cytokinesis. These we term the unusual suspects. In this review, we introduce recent discoveries on some of these new unusual suspects and begin to consider how these subcellular systems snap together to help complete the puzzle of cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly T. S. Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Douglas N. Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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DDX3X is Epigenetically Repressed in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Serves as a Prognostic Indicator and Therapeutic Target in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082881. [PMID: 32326089 PMCID: PMC7215876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 3, X-linked (DDX3X) is a member of the DEAD-box family of RNA helicases whose function has been revealed to be involved in RNA metabolism. Recent studies further indicate the abnormal expression in pan-cancers and the relevant biological effects on modulating cancer progression. However, DDX3X’s role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progression remains largely unknown. In this study, a medical informatics-based analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was performed to evaluate clinical prognoses related to DDX3X. The results suggest that DDX3X is epigenetically repressed in tumor tissue and that lower DDX3X is correlated with the poor overall survival of RCC patients and high tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (TNM staging system). Furthermore, knowledge-based transcriptomic analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that the SPINK1-metallothionein pathway is a top 1-repressed canonical signaling pathway by DDX3X. Furthermore, SPINK1 and the metallothionein gene family all serve as poor prognostic indicators, and the expression levels of those genes are inversely correlated with DDX3X in RCC. Furthermore, digoxin was identified via Connectivity Map analysis (L1000) for its capability to reverse gene signatures in patients with low DDX3X. Importantly, cancer cell proliferation and migration were decreased upon digoxin treatment in RCC cells. The results of this study indicate the significance of the DDX3Xlow/SPINK1high/metallothioneinhigh axis for predicting poor survival outcome in RCC patients and suggest digoxin as a precise and personalized compound for curing those patients with low DDX3X expression levels.
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16
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Lin TC. DDX3X Multifunctionally Modulates Tumor Progression and Serves as a Prognostic Indicator to Predict Cancer Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010281. [PMID: 31906196 PMCID: PMC6982152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 3, X-Linked (DDX3X), also known as DDX3, is one of the most widely studied and evolutionarily conserved members of the DEAD-box RNA helicase subfamily, and has been reported to participate in several cytosolic steps of mRNA metabolism. DDX3X facilitates the translation of specific targets via its helicase activity and regulates factors of the translation initiation complex. Emerging evidence illustrates the biological activities of DDX3X beyond its originally identified functions. The nonconventional regulatory effects include acting as a signaling adaptor molecule independent of enzymatic RNA remodeling, and DDX3X exhibits abnormal expression in cancers. DDX3X interacts with specific components to perform both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles in modulating tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, drug resistance, and cancer stemness in many types of cancers, indicating the need to unravel the associated molecular mechanisms. In this review article, we summarized and integrated current findings relevant to DDX3X in cancer research fields, cytokines and compounds modulating DDX3X's functions, and the released transcriptomic information and cancer patient clinical data from public databases. We found evidence for DDX3X having multiple impacts on cancer progression, and evaluated DDX3X expression levels in a pancancer panel and its associations with patient survival in each cancer-type cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Chieh Lin
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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17
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From the magic bullet to the magic target: exploiting the diverse roles of DDX3X in viral infections and tumorigenesis. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1357-1381. [PMID: 30816053 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DDX3X is an ATPase/RNA helicase of the DEAD-box family and one of the most multifaceted helicases known up to date, acting in RNA metabolism, cell cycle control, apoptosis, stress response and innate immunity. Depending on the virus or the viral cycle stage, DDX3X can act either in a proviral fashion or as an antiviral factor. Similarly, in different cancer types, it can act either as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor gene. Accumulating evidence indicated that DDX3X can be considered a promising target for anticancer and antiviral chemotherapy, but also that its exploitation requires a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its dual role in cancer and viral infections. In this Review, we will summarize the known roles of DDX3X in different tumor types and viral infections, and the different inhibitors available, illustrating the possible advantages and potential caveats of their use as anticancer and antiviral drugs.
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18
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Perčulija V, Ouyang S. Diverse Roles of DEAD/DEAH-Box Helicases in Innate Immunity and Diseases. HELICASES FROM ALL DOMAINS OF LIFE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7158350 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-814685-9.00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
DEAD/DEAH-box helicases are enzymes that belong to the DEAD/H-box family of SF2 helicase superfamily. These enzymes are essential in RNA metabolism, where they are involved in a number of processes that require manipulation of RNA structure. Recent studies have found that some DEAD/DEAH-box helicases play important roles in innate immunity, where they act as sensors of cytosolic DNA/RNA, as adaptor proteins, or as regulators of signaling and gene expression. In spite of their function in immunity, DEAD/DEAH-box helicases can also be hijacked and exploited by viruses to circumvent detection and aid in viral replication. These findings not only imply that DEAD/DEAH-box helicases have a broader function than previously thought, but also give us a much better understanding of immune mechanisms and diseases that arise due to the dysregulation or evasion thereof. In this chapter, we demonstrate the known scope of activities of human DEAD/DEAH-box helicases in innate immunity and interaction with viruses or other pathogens. Additionally, we give an outline of diseases in which they are, or may be, involved in the context of immunity.
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19
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Brennan R, Haap-Hoff A, Gu L, Gautier V, Long A, Schröder M. Investigating nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of the human DEAD-box helicase DDX3. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:501-511. [PMID: 30131165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The human DEAD-box helicase DDX3 is a multi-functional protein involved in the regulation of gene expression and additional non-conventional roles as signalling adaptor molecule that are independent of its enzymatic RNA remodeling activity. It is a nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling protein and it has previously been suggested that dysregulation of its subcellular localization could contribute to tumourigenesis. Indeed, both tumour suppressor and oncogenic functions have been attributed to DDX3. In this study, we investigated the regulation of DDX3's nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. We confirmed that an N-terminal conserved Nuclear Export Signal (NES) is required for export of human DDX3 from the nucleus, and identified three regions within DDX3 that can independently facilitate its nuclear import. We also aimed to identify conditions that alter DDX3's subcellular localisation. Viral infection, cytokine treatment and DNA damage only induced minor changes in DDX3's subcellular distribution as determined by High Content Analysis. However, DDX3's nuclear localization increased in early mitotic cells (during prophase) concomitant with an increase in DDX3 expression levels. Our results are likely to have implications for the proposed use of (nuclear) DDX3 as a prognostic biomarker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Brennan
- Institute of Immunology, Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Antje Haap-Hoff
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lili Gu
- Institute of Immunology, Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Virginie Gautier
- School of Medicine, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Aideen Long
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Martina Schröder
- Institute of Immunology, Biology Department, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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20
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Heerma van Voss MR, Kammers K, Vesuna F, Brilliant J, Bergman Y, Tantravedi S, Wu X, Cole RN, Holland A, van Diest PJ, Raman V. Global Effects of DDX3 Inhibition on Cell Cycle Regulation Identified by a Combined Phosphoproteomics and Single Cell Tracking Approach. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:755-763. [PMID: 29684792 PMCID: PMC6050443 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DDX3 is an RNA helicase with oncogenic properties. The small molecule inhibitor RK-33 is designed to fit into the ATP binding cleft of DDX3 and hereby block its activity. RK-33 has shown potent activity in preclinical cancer models. However, the mechanism behind the antineoplastic activity of RK-33 remains largely unknown. In this study we used a dual phosphoproteomic and single cell tracking approach to evaluate the effect of RK-33 on cancer cells. MDA-MB-435 cells were treated for 24 hours with RK-33 or vehicle control. Changes in phosphopeptide abundance were analyzed with quantitative mass spectrometry using isobaric mass tags (Tandem Mass Tags). At the proteome level we mainly observed changes in mitochondrial translation, cell division pathways and proteins related to cell cycle progression. Analysis of the phosphoproteome indicated decreased CDK1 activity after RK-33 treatment. To further evaluate the effect of DDX3 inhibition on cell cycle progression over time, we performed timelapse microscopy of Fluorescent Ubiquitin Cell Cycle Indicators labeled cells after RK-33 or siDDX3 exposure. Single cell tracking indicated that DDX3 inhibition resulted in a global delay in cell cycle progression in interphase and mitosis. In addition, we observed an increase in endoreduplication. Overall, we conclude that DDX3 inhibition affects cells in all phases and causes a global cell cycle progression delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marise R Heerma van Voss
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Kammers
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Farhad Vesuna
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Justin Brilliant
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yehudit Bergman
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saritha Tantravedi
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xinyan Wu
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert N Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Holland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Venu Raman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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