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Li L, Hong M, Zhang Y, Paustian K. Soil N 2 O emissions from specialty crop systems: A global estimation and meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17233. [PMID: 38469991 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2 O) exacerbates the greenhouse effect and thus global warming. Agricultural management practices, especially the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers and irrigation, increase soil N2 O emissions. As a vital sector of global agriculture, specialty crop systems usually require intensive input and management. However, soil N2 O emissions from global specialty crop systems have not been comprehensively evaluated. Here, we synthesized 1137 observations from 114 published studies, conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of agricultural management and environmental factors on soil N2 O emissions, and estimated global soil N2 O emissions from specialty crop systems. The estimated global N2 O emission from specialty crop soils was 1.5 Tg N2 O-N year-1 , ranging from 0.5 to 4.5 Tg N2 O-N year-1 . Globally, soil N2 O emissions exponentially increased with N fertilizer rates. The effect size of N fertilizer on soil N2 O emissions generally increased with mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, and soil organic carbon concentration but decreased with soil pH. Global climate change will further intensify the effect of N fertilizer on soil N2 O emissions. Drip irrigation, fertigation, and reduced tillage can be used as essential strategies to reduce soil N2 O emissions and increase crop yields. Deficit irrigation and non-legume cover crop can reduce soil N2 O emissions but may also lower crop yields. Biochar may have a relatively limited effect on reducing soil N2 O emissions but be effective in increasing crop yields. Our study points toward effective management strategies that have substantial potential for reducing N2 O emissions from global agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Li
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mu Hong
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Keith Paustian
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Lu L, Chen C, Ke T, Wang M, Sima M, Huang S. Long-term metal pollution shifts microbial functional profiles of nitrification and denitrification in agricultural soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154732. [PMID: 35346706 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing contamination of heavy metals in agricultural soils and its impact on the nitrogen (N) cycle and N use efficiency have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, agricultural soils neighboring the Dabaoshan copper mining area (DBS) and Qingyuan electronic-waste recycling area (QY), in Guangdong, China, were sampled to study the interaction between heavy metals and nitrification/denitrification processes, especially the related microbial functional profiles. Results showed that the contamination of heavy metals affected nitrifiers and denitrifiers differently. The potential nitrification activity was about four times lower in metal-polluted soils compared with the unpolluted ones, with a significant decrease in the abundance of amoA and nxrB (p < 0.05) in the polluted samples. On the other hand, the potential denitrification activity was more metal-resistant, which attributed to its complex species composition as shown by a slightly higher α-diversity index, and was slightly higher (p > 0.05) in the polluted samples. Among the five denitrifying genes tested, nosZ gene had the highest increase and the nirK gene the most decrease in numbers and in the polluted soils. The metal-polluted soils had fewer correlations among N functional genes based on the co-occurrence network analysis. In addition, the core taxa of the whole bacterial community changed from copiotrophic to oligotrophic bacteria in the presence of heavy metals. Mantel test indicated that heavy metals were the dominant factors determining N-related genes while the bacterial community composition was due to a combination of heavy metal presence and soil properties such as TOC, NO2-, and pH. It is concluded that long-term heavy metals pollution potentially affected nitrifiers and denitrifiers differently as indicated by the shift in N functional genes and the change in nitrification/denitrification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Tan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Matthew Sima
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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Zhao C, Gao B, Wang L, Huang W, Xu S, Cui S. Spatial patterns of net greenhouse gas balance and intensity in Chinese orchard system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146250. [PMID: 33744568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fruit production has been expanding due to the pursuit of healthier lifestyles in China. Determining the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions status of the orchard system could contribute to adopting appropriate measures to alleviate climate change pressure from the growing fruit production. In this study, the net GHG balance and GHG intensity (GHGI) in the Chinese fruit production were estimated at the regional level using a meta-analysis based on databases compiled from relevant publications during 2000-2019, including soil nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions or uptake, upstream carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions related to farm practices, and the change of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage from the life cycle perspective. Results showed that the net GHG balance and GHGI varied among six regions, with ranges of 6.4 ± 0.3 to 10.0 ± 0.6 Mg CO2e ha-1 yr-1, and 2.2 ± 0.2 to 3.0 ± 0.2 kg CO2e kg-1, respectively. Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilization was the largest source of overall GHG emissions from fruit production throughout China, accounting for 46% and ranging from 43% to 55% in the six fruit production regions. Fertilizer-induced N2O emissions were responsible for 22-31% of the total GHG emissions, and the N2O-N emission factor was identified as 0.7%. Also, power use for irrigation contributed a non-negligible 17% to the emissions on a national level, yet with large regional variations. In addition, fruit production in North, Northeast, Central, and East, and South China have relatively lower GHGIs than in Northwest and Southwest China. The estimated total GHG emissions from the Chinese fruit production were 102 Tg CO2e, with the contribution of SOC change to a decrease by 11% for the year 2018. Our results highlight an urgency to lower fruit production-related carbon emissions by extending optimized N fertilization and irrigation modes in China's orchard system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhao
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Gao
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Su Xu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Yang YD, Xu HS, Li DY, Liu JN, Nie JW, Zeng ZH. Methane emissions responding to Azolla inoculation combined with midseason aeration and N fertilization in a double-rice cropping system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:20352-20363. [PMID: 31102229 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) is an important greenhouse gas (GHG), and paddy fields are major sources of CH4 emissions. This pot experiment was conducted to investigate the integrated effects of Azolla inoculation combined with water management and N fertilization on CH4 emissions in a double-rice cropping system of Southern China. Results indicated that midseason aeration reduced total CH4 emissions by 46.9%, 38.6%, and 42.4%, followed by N fertilization with 32.5%, 17.0%, and 29.5% and Azolla inoculation with 32.5%, 17.0%, and 29.5%, on average, during the early, late, and annual rice growing seasons, respectively. The CH4 flux peaks and total CH4 emissions observed in the late rice growing season were significantly higher than those in the early rice growing season. Additionally, CH4 fluxes correlated negatively to soil redox potential (Eh) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. Azolla inoculation and N fertilization greatly increased the rice grain yields, whereas midseason aeration had distinct effects on grain yields in both rice seasons. The highest annual rice grain yields of approximately 110 g pot-1 were obtained in the Azolla inoculation and N fertilization treatments. In terms of yield-scaled CH4 emission, Azolla inoculation combined with midseason aeration and N fertilization generated the lowest yield-scaled CH4 emissions both in the early and in the late rice growing seasons, as well as during the annual rice cycle. In contrast, the highest yield-scaled CH4 emission was obtained in the treatment employed continuous flooding, without Azolla and no N application. Our results demonstrated that Azolla inoculation, midseason aeration, and N fertilization practices mitigated total CH4 emissions by 18.5-42.4% during the annual rice cycle. We recommend that the combination of Azolla inoculation, midseason aeration, and appropriate N fertilization can achieve lower CH4 emissions and yield-scaled CH4 emissions in the double-rice growing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture of China, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - He-Shui Xu
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201415, China
| | - Deng-Yun Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture of China, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing-Na Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture of China, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiang-Wen Nie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture of China, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhao-Hai Zeng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture of China, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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