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Li G, Yin S, Jian M, Chen J, Zeng L, Bai Z, Zhuang W, Xu B, He S, Sun J, Chen Y. Early assessment of acute ischemic stroke in rabbits based on multi-parameter near-field coupling sensing. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:20. [PMID: 35346206 PMCID: PMC8962490 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring are the key to emergency treatment and intensive care of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Nevertheless, there has not been a fully accepted method targeting continuous assessment of AIS in clinical. METHODS Near-field coupling (NFC) sensing can obtain the conductivity related to the volume of intracranial components with advantages of non-invasiveness, strong penetrability and real-time monitoring. In this work, we built a multi-parameter monitoring system that is able to measure changes of phase and amplitude in the process of electromagnetic wave (EW) reflection and transmission. For investigating its feasibility in AIS detection, 16 rabbits were chosen to establish AIS models by bilateral common carotid artery ligation and then were enrolled for monitoring experiments. RESULTS During the 6 h after AIS, the reflection amplitude (RA) shows a decline trend with a range of 0.69 dB and reflection phase (RP) has an increased variation of 6.48° . Meanwhile, transmission amplitude (TA) and transmission phase (TP) decrease 2.14 dB and 24.29° , respectively. The statistical analysis illustrates that before ligation, 3 h after ligation and 6 h after ligation can be effectively distinguished by the four parameters individually. When all those parameters are regarded as recognition features in back propagation (BP) network, the classification accuracy of the three different periods reaches almost 100%. CONCLUSION These results prove the feasibility of multi-parameter NFC sensing to assess AIS, which is promised to become an outstanding point-of-care testing method in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengtong Yin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Man Jian
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingxi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengjie He
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Zeng L, Li G, Zhang M, Zhu R, Chen J, Li M, Yin S, Bai Z, Zhuang W, Sun J. A noninvasive and comprehensive method for continuous assessment of cerebral blood flow pulsation based on magnetic induction phase shift. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13002. [PMID: 35228911 PMCID: PMC8881914 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitoring is of great significance for treating and preventing strokes. However, there has not been a fully accepted method targeting continuous assessment in clinical practice. In this work, we built a noninvasive continuous assessment system for cerebral blood flow pulsation (CBFP) that is based on magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) technology and designed a physical model of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Physical experiments were carried out through different simulations of CBF states. Four healthy volunteers were enrolled to perform the MIPS and ECG synchronously monitoring trials. Then, the components of MIPS related to the blood supply level and CBFP were investigated by signal analysis in time and frequency domain, wavelet decomposition and band-pass filtering. The results show that the time-domain baseline of MIPS increases with blood supply level. A pulse signal was identified in the spectrum (0.2-2 Hz in 200-2,000 ml/h groups, respectively) of MIPS when the simulated blood flow rate was not zero. The pulsation frequency with different simulated blood flow rates is the same as the squeezing frequency of the feeding pump. Similar to pulse waves, the MIPS signals on four healthy volunteers all had periodic change trends with obvious peaks and valleys. Its frequency is close to that of the ECG signal and there is a certain time delay between them. These results indicate that the CBFP component can effectively be extracted from MIPS, through which different blood supply levels can be distinguished. This method has the potential to become a new solution for non-invasive and comprehensive monitoring of CBFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Maoting Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyan Li
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengtong Yin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Novel targets, treatments, and advanced models for intracerebral haemorrhage. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103880. [PMID: 35158309 PMCID: PMC8850756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common type of stroke and a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Despite advances in surgical interventions and acute ICH management, there is currently no effective therapy to improve functional outcomes in patients. Recently, there has been tremendous progress uncovering new pathophysiological mechanisms underlying ICH that may pave the way for the development of therapeutic interventions. Here, we highlight emerging targets, but also existing gaps in preclinical animal modelling that prevent their exploitation. We particularly focus on (1) ICH aetiology, (2) the haematoma, (3) inflammation, and (4) post-ICH pathology. It is important to recognize that beyond neurons and the brain, other cell types and organs are crucially involved in ICH pathophysiology and successful interventions likely will need to address the entire organism. This review will spur the development of successful therapeutic interventions for ICH and advanced animal models that better reflect its aetiology and pathophysiology.
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Li G, Li W, Chen J, Zhao S, Bai Z, Liu Q, Liao Q, He M, Zhuang W, Chen M, Sun J, Chen Y. Noninvasive real-time assessment of intracranial pressure after traumatic brain injury based on electromagnetic coupling phase sensing technology. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:26. [PMID: 33455585 PMCID: PMC7812649 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the feasibility of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring after traumatic brain injury (TBI) by electromagnetic coupling phase sensing, we established a portable electromagnetic coupling phase shift (ECPS) test system and conducted a comparison with invasive ICP. Methods TBI rabbits’ model were all synchronously monitored for 24 h by ECPS testing and invasive ICP. We investigated the abilities of the ECPS to detect targeted ICP by feature extraction and traditional classification decision algorithms. Results The ECPS showed an overall downward trend with a variation range of − 13.370 ± 2.245° as ICP rose from 11.450 ± 0.510 mmHg to 38.750 ± 4.064 mmHg, but its change rate gradually declined. It was greater than 1.5°/h during the first 6 h, then decreased to 0.5°/h and finally reached the minimum of 0.14°/h. Nonlinear regression analysis results illustrated that both the ECPS and its change rate decrease with increasing ICP post-TBI. When used as a recognition feature, the ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUCs) of the ECPS to detect ICP ≥ 20 mmHg was 0.88 ± 0.01 based on the optimized adaptive boosting model, reaching the advanced level of current noninvasive ICP assessment methods. Conclusions The ECPS has the potential to be used for noninvasive continuous monitoring of elevated ICP post-TBI. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02049-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuanglin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Minglian He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Xu J, Chen J, Yu W, Zhang H, Wang F, Zhuang W, Yang J, Bai Z, Xu L, Sun J, Jin G, Nian Y, Qin M, Chen M. Noninvasive and portable stroke type discrimination and progress monitoring based on a multichannel microwave transmitting-receiving system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21647. [PMID: 33303768 PMCID: PMC7728752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hemorrhagic and the ischemic types of stroke have similar symptoms in the early stage, but their treatments are completely different. The timely and effective discrimination of the two types of stroke can considerable improve the patients' prognosis. In this paper, a 16-channel and noncontact microwave-based stroke detection system was proposed and demonstrated for the potential differentiation of the hemorrhagic and the ischemic stroke. In animal experiments, 10 rabbits were divided into two groups. One group consisted of five cerebral hemorrhage models, and the other group consisted of five cerebral ischemia models. The two groups were monitored by the system to obtain the Euclidean distance transform value of microwave scattering parameters caused by pathological changes in the brain. The support vector machine was used to identify the type and the severity of the stroke. Based on the experiment, a discrimination accuracy of 96% between hemorrhage and ischemia stroke was achieved. Furthermore, the potential of monitoring the progress of intracerebral hemorrhage or ischemia was evaluated. The discrimination of different degrees of intracerebral hemorrhage achieved 86.7% accuracy, and the discrimination of different severities of ischemia achieved 94% accuracy. Compared with that with multiple channels, the discrimination accuracy of the stroke severity with a single channel was only 50% for the intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemia stroke. The study showed that the microwave-based stroke detection system can effectively distinguish between the cerebral hemorrhage and the cerebral ischemia models. This system is very promising for the prehospital identification of the stroke type due to its low cost, noninvasiveness, and ease of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haisheng Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui Jin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Nian
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Pan W, Zhuang W, Chong Y, Qin M, Li Y, Xiao J, Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhao S, Zhao P. Noninvasive real-time detection of cerebral blood perfusion in hemorrhagic shock rabbits based on whole-brain magnetic induction phase shift: an experimental study. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:095004. [PMID: 32759483 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/abad12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform experiments to investigate the change trend in brain magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) during hemorrhagic shock of different degrees of severity and to find the correlation between brain MIPS value and commonly used physiological indicators for detecting shock so as to explore a noninvasive method suitable for prehospital real-time detection of cerebral blood perfusion in hemorrhagic shock. APPROACH The self-developed MIPS detection system was used to monitor the brain MIPS value in the whole process of hemorrhagic shock models of rabbits with different degrees of severity (control, mild, moderate, and severe) of shock in real time. Meanwhile, common physiological parameters, including arterial blood lactate (ABL), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR),core body temperature (CBT), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and electroencephalogram (EEG), were also evaluated. MAIN RESULTS The findings suggested that the brain MIPS value showed a downward trend in the shock process, and the decline degree of the MIPS value positively correlated with the severity of shock. Moreover, it showed a good detection and resolution ability in time/process and severity (P < 0.05). The MIPS values significantly correlated with ABL (P < 0.01), CBT (P < 0.01), and EEG (P < 0.05) at all four shock levels; with MAP (P < 0.05) and rCBF (P < 0.05) in the control, moderate, and severe groups; and with HR (P < 0.01) only in the severe group. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated that the brain MIPS value has the capability of detecting hemorrhagic shock. The MIPS technique is a noninvasive method suitable for prehospital real-time detection of cerebral blood perfusion in hemorrhagic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencai Pan
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China. These authors contributed equally to this work
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Xu J, Li G, Zhao S, Chen M, Chen J, Xu L, Wang F, Bai Z, Qin M, Sun J. Experimental study on healthy volunteers based on magnetic induction brain edema monitoring system. Technol Health Care 2019; 27:273-285. [PMID: 31045546 PMCID: PMC6598111 DOI: 10.3233/thc-199026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cerebral edema is a common secondary disease after stroke. It is very important to realize real-time continuous monitoring of cerebral edema for stroke patients. OBJECTIVE: A non-contact magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) detection system is used to monitor the change of global brain electrical conductivity during cerebral edema. METHODS: In order to verify the feasibility of this system monitoring, we carry out salt solution simulation experiments and healthy people breath holding experiments. As a comparison of later clinical experiments, 13 young healthy volunteers aged 22–35 are selected for this study to carry out a 10 minute/time monitoring experiment. RESULTS: It is found that the MIPS values measured by the salt solution of edema and the salt solution of bleeding are significantly different. The results show that the MIPS value of healthy young people is in a stable state with an MIPS mean value of 1.106 (± 0.736)∘. Compare it with the monitoring results of a cerebral edema patient. The MIPS of patient fluctuates greatly, and the changes of MIPS and intracranial pressure show consistent trend at the peak of the edema period. CONCLUSIONS: We preliminarily verify that the system can be used for cerebral edema monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400000, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuanglin Zhao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing 400038, China
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Yang J, Zhao H, Li G, Ran Q, Chen J, Bai Z, Jin G, Sun J, Xu J, Qin M, Chen M. An experimental study on the early diagnosis of traumatic brain injury in rabbits based on a noncontact and portable system. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6717. [PMID: 30997290 PMCID: PMC6463870 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Closed cerebral hemorrhage (CCH) is a common symptom in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients who suffer intracranial hemorrhage with the dura mater remaining intact. The diagnosis of CCH patients prior to hospitalization and in the early stage of the disease can help patients get earlier treatments that improve outcomes. In this study, a noncontact, portable system for early TBI-induced CCH detection was constructed that measures the magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS), which is associated with the mean brain conductivity caused by the ratio between the liquid (blood/CSF and the intracranial tissues) change. To evaluate the performance of this system, a rabbit CCH model with two severity levels was established based on the horizontal biological impactor BIM-II, whose feasibility was verified by computed tomography images of three sections and three serial slices. There were two groups involved in the experiments (group 1 with 10 TBI rabbits were simulated by hammer hit with air pressure of 600 kPa by BIM-II and group 2 with 10 TBI rabbits were simulated with 650 kPa). The MIPS values of the two groups were obtained within 30 min before and after injury. In group 1, the MIPS values showed a constant downward trend with a minimum value of −11.17 ± 2.91° at the 30th min after 600 kPa impact by BIM-II. After the 650 kPa impact, the MIPS values in group 2 showed a constant downward trend until the 25th min, with a minimum value of −16.81 ± 2.10°. Unlike group 1, the MIPS values showed an upward trend after that point. Before the injury, the MIPS values in both group 1 and group 2 did not obviously change within the 30 min measurement. Using a support vector machine at the same time point after injury, the classification accuracy of the two types of severity was shown to be beyond 90%. Combined with CCH pathological mechanisms, this system can not only achieve the detection of early functional changes in CCH but can also distinguish different severities of CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Qisheng Ran
- Department of Radiology, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui Jin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhang X, Liu CB, Yang DG, Qin C, Dong XC, Li DP, Zhang C, Guo Y, Du LJ, Gao F, Yang ML, Li JJ. Dynamic changes in intramedullary pressure 72 hours after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:886-895. [PMID: 30688275 PMCID: PMC6375044 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.249237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramedullary pressure increases after spinal cord injury, and this can be an important factor for secondary spinal cord injury. Until now there have been no studies of the dynamic changes of intramedullary pressure after spinal cord injury. In this study, telemetry systems were used to observe changes in intramedullary pressure in the 72 hours following spinal cord injury to explore its pathological mechanisms. Spinal cord injury was induced using an aneurysm clip at T10 of the spinal cord of 30 Japanese white rabbits, while another 32 animals were only subjected to laminectomy. The feasibility of this measurement was assessed. Intramedullary pressure was monitored in anesthetized and conscious animals. The dynamic changes of intramedullary pressure after spinal cord injury were divided into three stages: stage I (steep rise) 1–7 hours, stage II (steady rise) 8–38 hours, and stage III (descending) 39–72 hours. Blood-spinal barrier permeability, edema, hemorrhage, and histological results in the 72 hours following spinal cord injury were evaluated according to intramedullary pressure changes. We found that spinal cord hemorrhage was most severe at 1 hour post-spinal cord injury and then gradually decreased; albumin and aquaporin 4 immunoreactivities first increased and then decreased, peaking at 38 hours. These results confirm that severe bleeding in spinal cord tissue is the main cause of the sharp increase in intramedullary pressure in early spinal cord injury. Spinal cord edema and blood-spinal barrier destruction are important factors influencing intramedullary pressure in stages II and III of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Bin Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - De-Gang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Chao Dong
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Da-Peng Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Guo
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Jie Du
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Liang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University; Department of Spinal and Neural Function Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders; China Rehabilitation Science Institute; Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
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