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Richa, Kumar V, Kataria R. Phenanthroline and Schiff Base associated Cu(II)-coordinated compounds containing N, O as donor atoms for potent anticancer activity. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 251:112440. [PMID: 38065049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
As an inherent metal ion, copper has been the subject of investigation for developing a novel antitumoral compound that exhibits fewer adverse effects. Copper serves as a cofactor in multiple enzymes, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), facilitates tumour evolution, metastasis and angiogenesis and has been detected at elevated concentrations in the serum and tissues of various human cancer types. In the given setting, utilising two methodologies in developing novel Copper-based pharmaceuticals for anti-cancer applications is standard practice. These approaches involve either the sequestration of unbound Copper ions or the synthesis of Copper complexes that induce cellular apoptosis. In the past four decades, the latter system has been used, leading to numerous reviews that have examined the anticancer characteristics of a wide range of Copper complexes. These analyses have consistently demonstrated that multiple factors frequently influence the efficacy of these compounds. This review examines the possible anticancer properties of copper and Cu(II) complexes that incorporate Schiff base ligands containing 1,10-phenanthroline. The present study will comprehensively analyse the examined cell lines and mechanistic research associated with each complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Ramesh Kataria
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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2
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Waheed M, Idris S, Jan F, Alam A, Alam A, Ibrahim M, AlAsmari AF, Alharbi M, Alasmari F, Khan M. Exploring the synthesis, structure, spectroscopy and biological activities of novel 4-benzylidene-1-(2-(2,4-dichloro phenyl)acetyl) thiosemicarbazide derivatives: An integrated experimental and theoretical investigation. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101874. [PMID: 38088945 PMCID: PMC10711186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel α-amylase inhibitors play a crucial role in managing diabetes and obesity, contributing to improved public health by addressing these challenging and prevalent conditions. Moreover, the synthesis of anti-oxidant agents is essential due to their potential in combating oxidative stress-related diseases and promoting overall health. OBJECTIVE Synthesis of thoisemicarbazone derivatives of 2,4-dichlorophenyl acetic acid and to screened them for their biological activities. METHOD Thiosemicarbazone derivatives (4-13) were synthesized by refluxing 2,4-dichlorophenyl acetic acid with sulfuric acid in ethanol to get the ester (2), which was further refluxed with thiosemicarbazide to get compound (3). Finally, different aromatic aldehydes were refluxed with compound (3) in ethanol in catalytic amount of acetic acid to obtained the final products (4-13). Using modern spectroscopic techniques including HR-ESI-MS, 13C-, and 1H NMR, the structures of the created derivatives were confirmed. RESULTS The synthesized derivatives showed excellent to good inhibitory activity in the range of IC50 values of 4.95 ± 0.44 to 69.71 ± 0.05 µM against α-amylase enzyme when compared to standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 21.55 ± 1.31 µM). In case of iron chelating activity, these products showed potent activity better than standard EDTA (IC50 = 66.43 ± 1.07 µM) in the range of IC50 values of 22.43 ± 2.09 to 61.21 ± 2.83 µM. However, the obtained products also show excellent to good activity in the range of IC50 values of 28.30 ± 1.17 to 64.66 ± 2.43 µM against hydroxyl radical scavenging activity when compared with standard vitamin C (IC50 = 60.51 ± 1.02 µM). DFT used to calculate different reactivity factors including ionization potential, electronegativity, electron affinity, chemical softness, and chemical hardness were calculated using frontier molecular orbital (FMO) computations. The molecular docking studies for the synthesized derivatives with α-amylase were carried out using the AutoDock Vina to understand the binding affinities with active sites of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoor Waheed
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sana Idris
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Jan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Lower Dir 18800, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah F. AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Momin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Islam M, Khan A, Khan M, Halim SA, Ullah S, Hussain J, Al-Harrasi A, Shafiq Z, Tasleem M, El-Gokha A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-nitrocinnamaldehyde derived thiosemicarbazones as urease inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Alias C, Feretti D, Viola GVC, Zerbini I, Bisceglie F, Pelosi G, Zani C. Allium cepa tests: A plant-based tool for the early evaluation of toxicity and genotoxicity of newly synthetized antifungal molecules. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 889:503654. [PMID: 37491113 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Many fungal genera such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and Alternaria are able to produce, among many other metabolites, the aflatoxins, a group of toxic and carcinogenic compounds. To reduce their formation, synthetic fungicides are used as an effective way of intervention. However, the extensive use of such molecules generates long-term residues into the food and the environment. The need of new antifungal molecules, with high specificity and low off-target toxicity is worth. The aim of this study was to evaluate: i) the toxicity and genotoxicity of newly synthesized molecules with a good anti-mycotoxic activity, and ii) the suitability of the Allium cepa multi-endpoint assay as an early screening method for chemicals. Eight compounds were tested for toxicity by using the A. cepa bulb root elongation test and for genotoxicity using the A. cepa bulb mitotic index, micronuclei and chromosome aberrations tests. Three molecules showed no toxicity, while two induced mild toxic effects in roots exposed to the highest dose (100 µM). A more pronounced toxic effect was caused by the other three compounds for which the EC50 was approximately 50 μM. Furthermore, all molecules showed a clear genotoxic activity, both in terms of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei. Albeit the known good antifungal activity, the different molecules caused strong toxic and genotoxic effects. The results indicate the suitability of experiments with A. cepa as a research model for the evaluation of the toxic and genotoxic activities of new molecules in plants before they are released into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Alias
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Feretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Gaia V C Viola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zerbini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Zani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy.
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Antiproliferative Activity and DNA Interaction Studies of a Series of N4,N4-Dimethylated Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062778. [PMID: 36985750 PMCID: PMC10058200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploitation of bioactive natural sources to obtain new anticancer agents with novel modes of action may represent an innovative and successful strategy in the field of medicinal chemistry. Many natural products and their chemical analogues have been proposed as starting molecules to synthesise compounds with increased biological potential. In this work, the design, synthesis, and characterisation of a new series of N4,N4-dimethylated thiosemicarbazone Cu(II), Ni(II), and Pt(II) complexes are reported and investigated for their in vitro toxicological profile against a leukaemia cell line (U937). The antiproliferative activity was studied by MTS assay to determine the GI50 value for each compound after 24 h of treatment, while the genotoxic potential was investigated to determine if the complexes could cause DNA damage. In addition, the interaction between the synthesised molecules and DNA was explored by means of spectroscopic techniques, showing that for Pt and Ni derivatives a single mode of action can be postulated, while the Cu analogue behaves differently.
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Li T, Lv M, Wen H, Du J, Wang Z, Zhang S, Xu H. Natural products in crop protection: thiosemicarbazone derivatives of 3-acetyl-N-benzylindoles as antifungal agents and their mechanism of action. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023. [PMID: 36929618 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytopathogenic fungi can cause a direct loss in economic value of agriculture. Especially Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada, a devastating phytopathogenic disease especially threatening global apple production, is very difficult to control and manage. To discover new potential antifungal agents, a series of thiosemicarbazone derivatives of 3-acetyl-N-benzylindoles were prepared. Their antifungal activities were first tested against six typically phytopathogenic fungi including Curvularia lunata, Valsa mali, Alternaria alternate, Fusarium graminearum, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium solani. Then their mechanism of action against V. mali was investigated. RESULTS Derivatives displayed potent antifungal activity against V. mali. Notably, 3-acetyl-N-benzylindole thiosemicarbazone (IV-1: EC50 : 0.59 μg mL-1 ), whose activity was comparable to that of a commercial fungicide carbendazim (EC50 : 0.33 μg mL-1 ), showed greater than 98-fold antifungal activity of the precursor indole. Moreover, compound IV-1 displayed good protective and therapeutic effects on apple Valsa canker disease. By scanning electron microscope (SEM) and RNA-Seq analysis, it was demonstrated that compound IV-1 can destroy the hyphal structure and regulate the homeostasis of metabolism of V. mali via the ergosterol biosynthesis and autophagy pathways. CONCLUSION 3-Acetyl-N-(un)substituted benzylindoles thiosemicarbazones (IV-1-IV-5) can be studied as leads for further structural modification as antifungal agents against V. mali. Particularly, these ergosterol biosynthesis and autophagy pathways can be used as target receptors for design of novel green pesticides for management of congeneric phytopathogenic fungi. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Houpeng Wen
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiawei Du
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shaoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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(Z)-2-(1-(5-Methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ethylidene)-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction of equimolar equivalents of 1-(5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ethan-1-one (1) and N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (2) in boiling ethanol containing a catalytic amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid for 4 h gave (Z)-2-(1-(5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ethylidene)-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide (3) with 88% yield. The structure of 3 was established using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
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Al-Riyahee A, Horton PN, Coles SJ, Amoroso AJ, J. A. Pope S. Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of functionalised thiosemicarbazone ligands: syntheses and reactivity, characterization and structural studies. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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9
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Synthesis of Novel Aminothiazole Derivatives as Promising Antiviral, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Candidates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147688. [PMID: 35887038 PMCID: PMC9319503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that thiazole derivatives are usually found in lead structures, which demonstrate a wide range of pharmacological effects. The aim of this research was to explore the antiviral, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of novel, substituted thiazole compounds and to find potential agents that could have biological activities in one single biomolecule. A series of novel aminothiazoles were synthesized, and their biological activity was characterized. The obtained results were compared with those of the standard antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer agents. The compound bearing 4-cianophenyl substituent in the thiazole ring demonstrated the highest cytotoxic properties by decreasing the A549 viability to 87.2%. The compound bearing 4-trifluoromethylphenyl substituent in the thiazole ring showed significant antiviral activity against the PR8 influenza A strain, which was comparable to the oseltamivir and amantadine. Novel compounds with 4-chlorophenyl, 4-trifluoromethylphenyl, phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, and 4-cianophenyl substituents in the thiazole ring demonstrated antioxidant activity by DPPH, reducing power, FRAP methods, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. These data demonstrate that substituted aminothiazole derivatives are promising scaffolds for further optimization and development of new compounds with potential influenza A-targeted antiviral activity. Study results could demonstrate that structure optimization of novel aminothiazole compounds may be useful in the prevention of reactive oxygen species and developing new specifically targeted antioxidant and antibacterial agents.
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Maganti LHB, Ramesh D, Vijayakumar BG, Khan MIK, Dhayalan A, Kamalraja J, Kannan T. Acetylene containing 2-(2-hydrazinyl)thiazole derivatives: design, synthesis, and in vitro and in silico evaluation of antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8771-8782. [PMID: 35424819 PMCID: PMC8984819 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to commercially available drugs is increasing day by day. To address this issue, various strategies were planned and are being implemented. However, there is a need for new drugs and rapid diagnostic methods. For this endeavour, in this paper, we present the synthesis of acetylene containing 2-(2-hydrazinyl) thiazole derivatives and in vitro evaluation against the H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among the developed 26 acetylene containing 2-(2-hydrazinyl) thiazole derivatives, eight compounds inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MIC values ranging from 100 μg ml-1 to 50 μg ml-1. The parent acetylene containing thiosemicarbazones showed promising antimycobacterial activity by inhibiting up to 75% of the Mycobacterium at 50 μg ml-1. In addition, in silico studies were employed to understand the binding mode of all the novel acetylene-containing derivatives against the KasA protein of the Mycobacterium. Interestingly, the KasA protein interactions with the compounds were similar to the interactions of KasA protein with thiolactomycin and rifampicin. Cytotoxicity study results indicate that the compounds tested are non-toxic to human embryonic kidney cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepthi Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India +91-413-265 6740 +91-413-265 4411
| | - Balaji Gowrivel Vijayakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India +91-413-265 6740 +91-413-265 4411
| | - Mohd Imran K Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India
| | - Arunkumar Dhayalan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India
| | - Jayabal Kamalraja
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India +91-413-265 6740 +91-413-265 4411
| | - Tharanikkarasu Kannan
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University Kalapet Puducherry-605014 India +91-413-265 6740 +91-413-265 4411
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Jaafar A, Mansour N, Fix‐Tailler A, Allain M, Faour WH, Shebaby WN, Tokajian S, El‐Ghayoury A, Naoufal D, Larcher G, Ibrahim G. Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities Evaluation of Metal Complexes With Benzaldehyde‐4‐methylthiosemicarbazone Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amani Jaafar
- Chemistry Department Inorganic and Organometallic Coordination Chemistry laboratory (LCIO) Lebanese University Faculty of science section I Hadath Lebanon
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP) UPRES-EA 3142 SFR 132 Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS Université d'Angers, CHU Angers cedex France
| | - Najwa Mansour
- Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Adeline Fix‐Tailler
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP) UPRES-EA 3142 SFR 132 Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS Université d'Angers, CHU Angers cedex France
| | - Magali Allain
- Chemistry Department UNIV Angers, CNRS UMR 6200 MOLTECH-Anjou SFR MATRIX 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49000 Angers France
| | - Wissam H. Faour
- Gilbert & Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Wassim N. Shebaby
- Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Sima Tokajian
- Department of Natural Sciences Lebanese American University Byblos Lebanon, P.O. Box 36
| | - Abdelkrim El‐Ghayoury
- Chemistry Department UNIV Angers, CNRS UMR 6200 MOLTECH-Anjou SFR MATRIX 2 Bd Lavoisier F-49000 Angers France
| | - Daoud Naoufal
- Chemistry Department Inorganic and Organometallic Coordination Chemistry laboratory (LCIO) Lebanese University Faculty of science section I Hadath Lebanon
| | - Gérald Larcher
- Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP) UPRES-EA 3142 SFR 132 Institut de Biologie en Santé PBH-IRIS Université d'Angers, CHU Angers cedex France
| | - Ghassan Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department Inorganic and Organometallic Coordination Chemistry laboratory (LCIO) Lebanese University Faculty of science section I Hadath Lebanon
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Lioli E, Kollia E, Markaki P, Mitsopoulou CA. Antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic assessment of new Cu(II)-pq complexes against Aspergillus parasiticus, in dark conditions and under visible irradiation. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6415197. [PMID: 34724043 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of food contamination by fungi and aflatoxins; constitutes a serious concern not only for human/animal health but also for agriculture and the economy. Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by certain filamentous fungi and contaminate a variety of foodstuffs. In this context, control of fungal growth and aflatoxin contamination appears to be important. The present study aimed to investigate new Cu(I) and Cu(II)-quinoxaline complexes, namely [Cu(2,2´-pq)(NO3)](NO3) (1), [Cu(2,2´-pq)2(NO3)](NO3)·6H2O (2) and [Cu(2,2΄-pq)2](BF4) (3), where 2,2´-pq is 2-(2'-pyridyl quinoxaline), as antifungal agents against Aspergillus parasiticus. All complexes, the ligand and the starting material Cu(NO3)2-3H2O, regardless of the concentration used, caused inhibition of A. parasiticus growth ranged from 8.52 to 33.33%. The fungal growth inhibition was triggered when irradiation in visible (λ > 400 nm) was continuously applied (range 18.36-57.20%). The highest inhibitory activity was exhibited by the complex [Cu(2,2´-pq)2(NO3)](NO3)·6H2O and for this reason, it was selected to be studied for its ability to suppress aflatoxin B1 produced by A. parasiticus. AFB1 production after the irradiation process was found to be suppressed by 25% compared to AFB1 produced in dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eutuxia Lioli
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Kollia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Markaki
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Christiana A Mitsopoulou
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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S-alkylated thiosemicarbazone derivatives: Synthesis, crystal structure determination, antimicrobial activity evaluation and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Souza RAC, Costa WRP, de F Faria E, Bessa MADS, Menezes RD, Martins CHG, Maia PIS, Deflon VM, Oliveira CG. Copper(II) complexes based on thiosemicarbazone ligand: Preparation, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, energy framework, antiMycobacterium activity, in silico and molecular docking studies. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 223:111543. [PMID: 34298306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Considering the promising previous results on the remarkable activity exhibited by cobalt(III) and manganese(II) thiosemicarbazone compounds as antibacterial agents, the present study aimed to prepare and then evaluate the antibacterial activity of two different types of Cu(II) complexes based on a 2-acetylpyridine-N(4)-methyl-thiosemicarbazone ligand (Hatc-Me), a monomer complex [CuCl(atc-Me)] and a novel dinuclear complex [{Cu(μ-atc-Me)}2μ-SO4]. The compounds were characterized by infrared spectra, ultraviolet visible and CHN elemental analysis. In addition, the crystalline structures of the complexes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In both cases, the Schiff base ligand coordinated in a tridentate mode via the pyridine nitrogen, imine nitrogen and sulfur atoms. The two Cu(II) atoms in the dimer are five coordinate, consisting of three NNS-donor atoms from the thiosemicarbazone ligand connected by a sulfate bridge. The Hirshfeld surface and energy framework of the complexes were additionally analyzed to verify the intermolecular interactions. The biological activity of the Cu(II) salts, the free ligand and its Cu(II) complexes was evaluated against six strains of mycobacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The complexes showed promising results as antibacterial agents for M. avium and M. tuberculosis, which ranged from 6.12 to 12.73 μM. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis was performed and the binding energy of the docked compound [{Cu(μ-atc-Me)}2μ-SO4] with M. tuberculosis and M. avium strains were extremely favorable (-11.11 and - 14.03 kcal/mol, respectively). The in silico results show that the complexes are potential candidates for the development of new antimycobacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael A C Souza
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Waleska R P Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de F Faria
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Meliza A de S Bessa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ralciane deP Menezes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos H G Martins
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Pedro I S Maia
- Departament of Chemistry, Federal University of the Triângulo Mineiro, 38025-440 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Victor M Deflon
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina G Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Arafath MA, Adam F, Hassan MZ. Synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystal structure and antibacterial activity of nickel, palladium and platinum complexes with Schiff base derived from N-cyclohexylhydrazinecarbothioamide and 5-( tert-butyl)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1871344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Azharul Arafath
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Farook Adam
- The School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Minden, Malaysia
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Synthesis, structural characterization and biological activities of transition metal complexes derived from 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde n(4)-methyl(phenyl)thiosemicarbazone. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Montalbano S, Degola F, Bartoli J, Bisceglie F, Buschini A, Carcelli M, Feretti D, Galati S, Marchi L, Orsoni N, Pelosi G, Pioli M, Restivo FM, Rogolino D, Scaccaglia M, Serra O, Spadola G, Viola GCV, Zerbini I, Zani C. The AFLATOX ® Project: Approaching the Development of New Generation, Natural-Based Compounds for the Containment of the Mycotoxigenic Phytopathogen Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxin Contamination. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4520. [PMID: 33926042 PMCID: PMC8123576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of the fungal contamination on crops is considered a priority by the sanitary authorities of an increasing number of countries, and this is also due to the fact that the geographic areas interested in mycotoxin outbreaks are widening. Among the different pre- and post-harvest strategies that may be applied to prevent fungal and/or aflatoxin contamination, fungicides still play a prominent role; however, despite of countless efforts, to date the problem of food and feed contamination remains unsolved, since the essential factors that affect aflatoxins production are various and hardly to handle as a whole. In this scenario, the exploitation of bioactive natural sources to obtain new agents presenting novel mechanisms of action may represent a successful strategy to minimize, at the same time, aflatoxin contamination and the use of toxic pesticides. The Aflatox® Project was aimed at the development of new-generation inhibitors of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp. proliferation and toxin production, through the modification of naturally occurring molecules: a panel of 177 compounds, belonging to the thiosemicarbazones class, have been synthesized and screened for their antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic potential. The most effective compounds, selected as the best candidates as aflatoxin containment agents, were also evaluated in terms of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and epi-genotoxicity to exclude potential harmful effect on the human health, the plants on which fungi grow and the whole ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Montalbano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesca Degola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Jennifer Bartoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology COMT, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Donatella Feretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy; (D.F.); (G.C.V.V.); (I.Z.); (C.Z.)
| | - Serena Galati
- Interdepartmental Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology COMT, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Laura Marchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Nicolò Orsoni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Marianna Pioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesco M. Restivo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Mirco Scaccaglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Olga Serra
- Medical Oncology and Breast Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43125 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Spadola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, PR, Italy; (S.M.); (J.B.); (F.B.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (N.O.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (F.M.R.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Gaia C. V. Viola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy; (D.F.); (G.C.V.V.); (I.Z.); (C.Z.)
| | - Ilaria Zerbini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy; (D.F.); (G.C.V.V.); (I.Z.); (C.Z.)
| | - Claudia Zani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, 11 Viale Europa, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy; (D.F.); (G.C.V.V.); (I.Z.); (C.Z.)
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Hofmann L, Hirsch M, Ruthstein S. Advances in Understanding of the Copper Homeostasis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2050. [PMID: 33669570 PMCID: PMC7922089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-five thousand people die as a result of more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections in the United States of America per year. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is classified a serious threat, the second-highest threat category of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Among others, the World Health Organization (WHO) encourages the discovery and development of novel antibiotic classes with new targets and mechanisms of action without cross-resistance to existing classes. To find potential new target sites in pathogenic bacteria, such as P. aeruginosa, it is inevitable to fully understand the molecular mechanism of homeostasis, metabolism, regulation, growth, and resistances thereof. P. aeruginosa maintains a sophisticated copper defense cascade comprising three stages, resembling those of public safety organizations. These stages include copper scavenging, first responder, and second responder. Similar mechanisms are found in numerous pathogens. Here we compare the copper-dependent transcription regulators cueR and copRS of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and P. aeruginosa. Further, phylogenetic analysis and structural modelling of mexPQ-opmE reveal that this efflux pump is unlikely to be involved in the copper export of P. aeruginosa. Altogether, we present current understandings of the copper homeostasis in P. aeruginosa and potential new target sites for antimicrobial agents or a combinatorial drug regimen in the fight against multidrug resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sharon Ruthstein
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (M.H.)
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Islam M, Khan A, Shehzad MT, Khiat M, Halim SA, Hameed A, Shah SR, Basri R, Anwar MU, Hussain J, Csuk R, Al-Harrasi A, Shafiq Z. Therapeutic potential of N 4-substituted thiosemicarbazones as new urease inhibitors: Biochemical and in silico approach. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104691. [PMID: 33601138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urease enzyme plays a key role in pathogenesis of gastritis and peptic ulcers. Its inhibition averts our bodies from many disorders including formation of urinary calculi. In agriculture, the high urease content causes severe environmental and hence economic problems. Due to deficiency of effective and safer drugs to tackle the aforementioned disorders, the quest for new scaffolds becomes mandatory in the field of medicinal chemistry. In this regard, we herein report a new series of N4-substituted thiosemicarbazones 3a-v as potential candidates for urease inhibition. These new N4-substituted thiosemicarbazones 3a-v of distant chemical scaffolds were characterized by advanced spectroscopic techniques, such as FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, ESI-MS and in the case of compound 3g by single crystal X-ray analysis. The compounds were evaluated for their urease inhibitory potential. All newly synthesized compounds showed significant urease inhibitions with IC50 values in range of 2.7 ± 0.320-109.2 ± 3.217 μM. Molecular docking studies were used for interactions pattern and structure-activity relationship for all compounds, which demonstrated excellent binding interactions with the active site residues, such as hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, π-H and nickel atom coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Islam
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman; Jadeed Group of Companies, 53-C, Satellite Town, Chandni Chowk, Murree Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | | | - Mohammed Khiat
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Charted University), Ferozepur Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Syed Raza Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman; Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Basri
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad U Anwar
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Javid Hussain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, PO Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
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Pradhan R, Groner VM, Johnson NA, Zhang Q, Roll MF, Moberly JG, Waynant KV. Synthesis of an N, N-diethyl-tert-butylazothioformamide ligand and coordination studies with Copper(I) salts. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Toan VN, Thanh ND, Khuyen VH, Tu LTC, Tri NM, Huong NTT. N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazones of 6-alkoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-4-carbaldehydes: synthesis, evaluation of their antibacterial, anti-MRSA, antifungal activity, and docking study. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Ngoc Toan V, Dinh Thanh N, Minh Tri N, Thi Thu Huong N. Synthesis and biological screening of thiosemicarbazones of substituted 3-acetylcoumarins having d-glucose moiety. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127664. [PMID: 33152379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Thiosemicarbazones 5a-j were synthesized with yields of 45-68% by condensation of 3-acetylcoumarins 3a-j and tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-thiosemicarbazide 4. All obtained thiosemicarbazones were screened for anti-microorganic activities against bacteria (B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, S. typhimurium) and fungi (A. niger, C. albicans, S. cerevisiae, and A. flavus). Some compounds had significant inhibitory activity with MICs of 0.78-3.125 μM in comparison with 5a, including 5e,h,i for S. aureus, and 5c,f,i for S. epidermidis (Gram-(+) bacteria), 5c,f,g for E.coli, 5f for K. pneumoniae, 5b,c,g for P. aeruginosa, and 5i for S. typhimurium (Gram-(-) bacteria), 5d,h,i for A. niger, 5i for A. flavus, 5b,d,e,h for C. albicans, and 5i for S. cerevisiae. Compounds exhibited excellent activity against tested microorganism with MIC = 0.78 μM, including 5h,i (against S. aureus), 5h (against C. albicans), and 5i (against S. cerevisiae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Ngoc Toan
- Department of Toxicological Chemistry and Radiation, Institute for Advanced Technology (Vietnam Academy of Military Science and Technology), 17 Hoang Sam, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Thanh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
| | - Nguyen Minh Tri
- Department of Toxicological Chemistry and Radiation, Institute for Advanced Technology (Vietnam Academy of Military Science and Technology), 17 Hoang Sam, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Huong
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
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Toan VN, Tri NM, Thanh ND. Substituted 4-Formyl-2H-chromen-2-ones: Their Reaction with N-(2,3,4,6-Tetra-Oacetyl- β-D-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Their Thiosemicarbazone Products. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200812132256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several 6- and 7-alkoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromene-4-carbaldehydes were prepared
from corresponding alkyl ethers of 6- and 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-2-ones
by oxidation using selenium dioxide. 6- and 7-Alkoxy-4-methyl-2H-chromenes were obtained
with yields of 57-85%. Corresponding 4-carbaldehyde derivatives were prepared
with yields of 41-67%. Thiosemicarbazones of these aldehydes with D-galactose moiety
were synthesized by reaction of these aldehydes with N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-Dgalactopyranosyl)
thiosemicarbazide with yields of 62-74%. These thiosemicarbazones
were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro against bacteria, such
as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and fungi, such as Aspergillus niger, Candida
albicans. Several compounds exhibited strong inhibitory activity with MIC values of 0.78-
1.56 μM, including 8a (against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans), 8d (against E. coli and A. niger), 9a
(against S. aureus), and 9c (against S. aureus and C. albicans).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Ngoc Toan
- Institute for Chemistry and Materials, Vietnam Academy of Military Science and Technology, 17 Hoang Sam, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tri
- Institute for Chemistry and Materials, Vietnam Academy of Military Science and Technology, 17 Hoang Sam, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Thanh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science (Vietnam National University, Ha Noi), 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Ha Noi, Vietnam
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Orsoni N, Degola F, Nerva L, Bisceglie F, Spadola G, Chitarra W, Terzi V, Delbono S, Ghizzoni R, Morcia C, Jamiołkowska A, Mielniczuk E, Restivo FM, Pelosi G. Double Gamers-Can Modified Natural Regulators of Higher Plants Act as Antagonists against Phytopathogens? The Case of Jasmonic Acid Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228681. [PMID: 33213072 PMCID: PMC7698523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As key players in biotic stress response of plants, jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives cover a specific and prominent role in pathogens-mediated signaling and hence are promising candidates for a sustainable management of phytopathogenic fungi. Recently, JA directed antimicrobial effects on plant pathogens has been suggested, supporting the theory of oxylipins as double gamers in plant-pathogen interaction. Based on these premises, six derivatives (dihydrojasmone and cis-jasmone, two thiosemicarbazonic derivatives and their corresponding complexes with copper) have been evaluated against 13 fungal species affecting various economically important herbaceous and woody crops, such as cereals, grapes and horticultural crops: Phaeoacremonium minimum, Neofusicoccum parvum, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Fomitiporia mediterranea, Fusarium poae, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae,F. sporotrichioides, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani,Sclerotinia spp. and Verticillium dahliae. The biological activity of these compounds was assessed in terms of growth inhibition and, for the two mycotoxigenic species A. flavus and F. sporotrichioides, also in terms of toxin containment. As expected, the inhibitory effect of molecules greatly varied amongst both genera and species; cis-jasmone thiosemicarbazone in particular has shown the wider range of effectiveness. However, our results show that thiosemicarbazones derivatives are more effective than the parent ketones in limiting fungal growth and mycotoxins production, supporting possible applications for the control of pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Orsoni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.O.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (F.M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Francesca Degola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.O.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (F.M.R.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Nerva
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy; (L.N.); (W.C.)
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.O.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (F.M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Giorgio Spadola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.O.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (F.M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Walter Chitarra
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology CREA-VE, Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy; (L.N.); (W.C.)
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Valeria Terzi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics CREA-GB, Via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy; (V.T.); (S.D.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Stefano Delbono
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics CREA-GB, Via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy; (V.T.); (S.D.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Roberta Ghizzoni
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics CREA-GB, Via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy; (V.T.); (S.D.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Morcia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics—Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics CREA-GB, Via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda (PC), Italy; (V.T.); (S.D.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Jamiołkowska
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20069 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (E.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Mielniczuk
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 7, 20069 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (E.M.)
| | - Francesco M. Restivo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.O.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (F.M.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.O.); (F.B.); (G.S.); (F.M.R.); (G.P.)
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Kim JH, Cheng LW, Chan KL, Tam CC, Mahoney N, Friedman M, Shilman MM, Land KM. Antifungal Drug Repurposing. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110812. [PMID: 33203147 PMCID: PMC7697925 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of fungal pathogens is increasingly problematic due to the limited number of effective drugs available for antifungal therapy. Conventional antifungal drugs could also trigger human cytotoxicity associated with the kidneys and liver, including the generation of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, increased incidences of fungal resistance to the classes of azoles, such as fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, or posaconazole, or echinocandins, including caspofungin, anidulafungin, or micafungin, have been documented. Of note, certain azole fungicides such as propiconazole or tebuconazole that are applied to agricultural fields have the same mechanism of antifungal action as clinical azole drugs. Such long-term application of azole fungicides to crop fields provides environmental selection pressure for the emergence of pan-azole-resistant fungal strains such as Aspergillus fumigatus having TR34/L98H mutations, specifically, a 34 bp insertion into the cytochrome P450 51A (CYP51A) gene promoter region and a leucine-to-histidine substitution at codon 98 of CYP51A. Altogether, the emerging resistance of pathogens to currently available antifungal drugs and insufficiency in the discovery of new therapeutics engender the urgent need for the development of new antifungals and/or alternative therapies for effective control of fungal pathogens. We discuss the current needs for the discovery of new clinical antifungal drugs and the recent drug repurposing endeavors as alternative methods for fungal pathogen control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong H. Kim
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-510-559-5841
| | - Luisa W. Cheng
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Kathleen L. Chan
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Christina C. Tam
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Noreen Mahoney
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Mendel Friedman
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
| | | | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA;
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26
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Bisceglie F, Degola F, Rogolino D, Giannelli G, Orsoni N, Spadola G, Pioli M, Restivo FM, Carcelli M, Pelosi G. Sisters in structure but different in character, some benzaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde derivatives differentially tune Aspergillus flavus secondary metabolism. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17686. [PMID: 33077881 PMCID: PMC7572373 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Great are the expectations for a new generation of antimicrobials, and strenuous are the research efforts towards the exploration of diverse molecular scaffolds-possibly of natural origin - aimed at the synthesis of new compounds against the spread of hazardous fungi. Also high but winding are the paths leading to the definition of biological targets specifically fitting the drug's structural characteristics. The present study is addressed to inspect differential biological behaviours of cinnamaldehyde and benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone scaffolds, exploiting the secondary metabolism of the mycotoxigenic phytopathogen Aspergillus flavus. Interestingly, owing to modifications on the parent chemical scaffold, some thiosemicarbazones displayed an increased specificity against one or more developmental processes (conidia germination, aflatoxin biosynthesis, sclerotia production) of A. flavus biology. Through the comparative analysis of results, the ligand-based screening strategy here described has allowed us to delineate which modifications are more promising for distinct purposes: from the control of mycotoxins contamination in food and feed commodities, to the environmental management of microbial pathogens, to the investigation of specific structure-activity features for new generation drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Bisceglie
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Degola
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Orsoni
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Spadola
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Marianna Pioli
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco M. Restivo
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- grid.10383.390000 0004 1758 0937Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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27
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Jaafar A, Fix‐Tailler A, Mansour N, Allain M, Shebaby WN, Faour WH, Tokajian S, El‐Ghayoury A, Naoufal D, Bouchara J, Larcher G, Ibrahim G. Synthesis, characterization, antifungal and antibacterial activities evaluation of copper (II), zinc (II) and cadmium (II) chloride and bromide complexes with new (
E
)
‐
1‐(3,4‐dimethoxybenzylidene)‐4‐methylthiosemicarbazone ligand. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amani Jaafar
- Inorganic and Organometallic Coordination Chemistry laboratory Lebanese University, Faculty of Science, Section I Hadath Lebanon
- Groupe d’Etude des Interactions Hôte‐Pathogène UPRES‐EA 3142, SFR 132, Université d'Angers, Institut de Biologie en Santé CHU, 4 rue Larrey Angers cedex 49933 France
| | - Adeline Fix‐Tailler
- Groupe d’Etude des Interactions Hôte‐Pathogène UPRES‐EA 3142, SFR 132, Université d'Angers, Institut de Biologie en Santé CHU, 4 rue Larrey Angers cedex 49933 France
| | - Najwa Mansour
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Lebanese American University PO Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
| | - Magali Allain
- Laboratoire MOLTECH‐Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX 2 Bd Lavoisier Angers Cedex 49045 France
| | - Wassim N. Shebaby
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Lebanese American University PO Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
| | - Wissam H. Faour
- Gilbert & Rose‐Marie Chagoury School of Medicine Lebanese American University PO Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
| | - Sima Tokajian
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences Lebanese American University PO Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
| | - Abdelkrim El‐Ghayoury
- Laboratoire MOLTECH‐Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR MATRIX 2 Bd Lavoisier Angers Cedex 49045 France
| | - Daoud Naoufal
- Inorganic and Organometallic Coordination Chemistry laboratory Lebanese University, Faculty of Science, Section I Hadath Lebanon
| | - Jean‐Philippe Bouchara
- Groupe d’Etude des Interactions Hôte‐Pathogène UPRES‐EA 3142, SFR 132, Université d'Angers, Institut de Biologie en Santé CHU, 4 rue Larrey Angers cedex 49933 France
| | - Gérald Larcher
- Groupe d’Etude des Interactions Hôte‐Pathogène UPRES‐EA 3142, SFR 132, Université d'Angers, Institut de Biologie en Santé CHU, 4 rue Larrey Angers cedex 49933 France
| | - Ghassan Ibrahim
- Inorganic and Organometallic Coordination Chemistry laboratory Lebanese University, Faculty of Science, Section I Hadath Lebanon
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28
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Almeida CM, de Carvalho JGM, Fujimori M, França EL, Honorio-França AC, Parreira RLT, Orenha RP, Gatto CC. Structural investigation of group 10 metal complexes with thiosemicarbazone: crystal structure, mass spectrometry, Hirshfeld surface and in vitro antitumor activity. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Spadola G, Sanna V, Bartoli J, Carcelli M, Pelosi G, Bisceglie F, Restivo FM, Degola F, Rogolino D. Thiosemicarbazone nano-formulation for the control of Aspergillus flavus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20125-20135. [PMID: 32239408 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely studied for applications in medical science. In recent years, they have been developed for agronomical purposes to target microbial pest such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Nanoparticles are also proposed to limit the use of pesticides, whose abuse is causing environmental impact and human health concerns. In this study, nanoparticles were obtained by using poly-(ε-caprolactone), a polyester chosen for its biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. Poly-(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles were formulated by using poly(vinyl alcohol) or Pluronic® F127 as non-ionic surfactants, and then loaded with benzophenone or valerophenone thiosemicarbazone, two compounds that inhibit aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus. The different types of nanoparticles were compared in terms of size, polydispersity index, morphology, and drug loading capacity. Finally, their effects were investigated on growth, development, and aflatoxin production in the aflatoxigenic species Aspergillus flavus, a ubiquitous contaminant of maize, cereal crops, and derived commodities. Aflatoxin production was inhibited to various extents, but the best inhibitory effect was obtained with respect to sclerotia production that was most effectively suppressed by both benzophenone and valerophenone thiosemicarbazone-loaded nanoparticles. These data support the idea that it is possible to use such nanoparticles as an alternate to pesticides for the control of mycotoxigenic sclerotia-forming fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Spadola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Vanna Sanna
- Nanomater Srl Porto Conte Ricerche, Loc. Tramariglio, 07041, Alghero, SS, Italy
| | - Jennifer Bartoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Restivo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Degola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
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30
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Ramachandran E, Gandin V, Bertani R, Sgarbossa P, Natarajan K, Bhuvanesh NSP, Venzo A, Zoleo A, Mozzon M, Dolmella A, Albinati A, Castellano C, Reis Conceição N, C. Guedes da Silva MF, Marzano C. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Novel Cu(II) Complexes of 6-Methyl-2-Oxo-1,2-Dihydroquinoline-3-Carbaldehyde-4n-Substituted Thiosemicarbazones. Molecules 2020; 25:E1868. [PMID: 32316698 PMCID: PMC7221752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new 6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde-thiosemicarbazones-N-4-substituted pro-ligands and their Cu(II) complexes (1, -NH2; 2, -NHMe; 3, -NHEt) have been prepared and characterized. In both the X-ray structures of 1 and 3, two crystallographically independent complex molecules were found that differ either in the nature of weakly metal-binding species (water in 1a and nitrate in 1b) or in the co-ligand (water in 3a and methanol in 3b). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements carried out on complexes 1 and 3 confirmed the presence of such different species in the solution. The electrochemical behavior of the pro-ligands and of the complexes was investigated, as well as their biological activity. Complexes 2 and 3 exhibited a high cytotoxicity against human tumor cells and 3D spheroids derived from solid tumors, related to the high cellular uptake. Complexes 2 and 3 also showed a high selectivity towards cancerous cell lines with respect to non-cancerous cell lines and were able to circumvent cisplatin resistance. Via the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging technique, preliminary insights into the biological activity of copper complexes were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eswaran Ramachandran
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
- Chemistry Research Center, National Engineering College, K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti, Tamilnadu 628503, India
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (V.G.); (A.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Roberta Bertani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Karuppannan Natarajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641020, India
| | | | - Alfonso Venzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alfonso Zoleo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.V.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mirto Mozzon
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.R.); (R.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Alessandro Dolmella
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (V.G.); (A.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Alberto Albinati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlo Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Nuno Reis Conceição
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.C.); (M.F.C.G.d.S.)
| | - M. Fátima C. Guedes da Silva
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (N.R.C.); (M.F.C.G.d.S.)
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (V.G.); (A.D.); (C.M.)
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31
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Carcelli M, Tegoni M, Bartoli J, Marzano C, Pelosi G, Salvalaio M, Rogolino D, Gandin V. In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of tridentate thiosemicarbazone copper complexes: Unravelling an unexplored pharmacological target. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 194:112266. [PMID: 32248006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Certain metal complexes can have a great antitumor activity, as the use of cisplatin in therapy has been demonstrating for the past fifty years. Copper complexes, in particular, have attracted much attention as an example of anticancer compounds based on an endogenous metal. In this paper we present the synthesis and the activity of a series of copper(II) complexes with variously substituted salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone ligands. The in vitro activity of both ligands and copper complexes was assessed on a panel of cell lines (HCT-15, LoVo and LoVo oxaliplatin resistant colon carcinoma, A375 melanoma, BxPC3 and PSN1 pancreatic adenocarcinoma, BCPAP thyroid carcinoma, 2008 ovarian carcinoma, HEK293 non-transformed embryonic kidney), highlighting remarkable activity of the metal complexes, in some cases in the low nanomolar range. The copper(II) complexes were also screened, with good results, against 3D spheroids of colon (HCT-15) and pancreatic (PSN1) cancer cells. Detailed investigations on the mechanism of action of the copper(II) complexes are also reported: they are able to potently inhibit Protein Disulfide Isomerase, a copper-binding protein, that is recently emerging as a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Good preliminary results obtained in C57BL mice indicate that this series of metal-based compounds could be a very promising weapon in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Carcelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Tegoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Jennifer Bartoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Marika Salvalaio
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici, Università di Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy.
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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32
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Elamathi C, Fronczek FR, Madankumar A, Prabhakaran R. Synthesis and spectral characterizations of water soluble Cu(ii) complexes containing N-heterocyclic chelates: cell-proliferation, antioxidant and nucleic acid/serum albumin interactions. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Water soluble N-heterocyclic copper(ii) complexes were synthesized, characterized and studied their DNA/protein binding interactions, antioxidation and antiproliferative potentials. The complex 4 found to be better than other complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Elamathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
| | | | - A. Madankumar
- Cancer biology Lab
- Molecular and Nanomedicine Research Unit
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology
- Chennai 600 119
- India
| | - R. Prabhakaran
- Department of Chemistry
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
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33
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Bartoli J, Montalbano S, Spadola G, Rogolino D, Pelosi G, Bisceglie F, Restivo FM, Degola F, Serra O, Buschini A, Feretti D, Zani C, Carcelli M. Antiaflatoxigenic Thiosemicarbazones as Crop-Protective Agents: A Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10947-10953. [PMID: 31498626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that can contaminate feed and food. They are a cause of growing concern worldwide, because they are potent carcinogenic agents. Thiosemicarbazones are molecules that possess interesting antiaflatoxigenic properties, but in order to use them as crop-protective agents, their cytotoxic and genotoxic profiles must first be assessed. In this paper, a group of thiosemicarbazones and a copper complex are reported as compounds able to antagonize aflatoxin biosynthesis, fungal growth, and sclerotia biogenesis in Aspergillus flavus. The two most interesting thiosemicarbazones found were noncytotoxic on several cell lines (CRL1790, Hs27, HFL1, and U937), and therefore, they were submitted to additional analysis of mutagenicity and genotoxicity on bacteria, plants, and human cells. No mutagenic activity was observed in bacteria, whereas genotoxic activity was revealed by the Alkaline Comet Assay on U937 cells and by the test of chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bartoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Serena Montalbano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Giorgio Spadola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Dominga Rogolino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Restivo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Francesca Degola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Olga Serra
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Donatella Feretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health , University of Brescia , Viale Europa 11 , 25123 Brescia , Italy
| | - Claudia Zani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health , University of Brescia , Viale Europa 11 , 25123 Brescia , Italy
| | - Mauro Carcelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability and Consorzio Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Chimica dei Metalli nei Sistemi Biologici (CIRCMSB) , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze , 43124 Parma , Italy
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Dallabona C, Pioli M, Spadola G, Orsoni N, Bisceglie F, Lodi T, Pelosi G, Restivo FM, Degola F. Sabotage at the Powerhouse? Unraveling the Molecular Target of 2-Isopropylbenzaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone, a Specific Inhibitor of Aflatoxin Biosynthesis and Sclerotia Development in Aspergillus flavus, Using Yeast as a Model System. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162971. [PMID: 31426298 PMCID: PMC6719062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amongst the various approaches to contain aflatoxin contamination of feed and food commodities, the use of inhibitors of fungal growth and/or toxin biosynthesis is showing great promise for the implementation or the replacement of conventional pesticide-based strategies. Several inhibition mechanisms were found taking place at different levels in the biology of the aflatoxin-producing fungal species such as Aspergillus flavus: compounds that influence aflatoxin production may block the biosynthetic pathway through the direct control of genes belonging to the aflatoxin gene cluster, or interfere with one or more of the several steps involved in the aflatoxin metabolism upstream. Recent findings pointed to mitochondrial functionality as one of the potential targets of some aflatoxin inhibitors. Additionally, we have recently reported that the effect of a compound belonging to the class of thiosemicarbazones might be related to the energy generation/carbon flow and redox homeostasis control by the fungal cell. Here, we report our investigation about a putative molecular target of the 3-isopropylbenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (mHtcum), using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model system, to demonstrate how the compound can actually interfere with the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Marianna Pioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Spadola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Orsoni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Franco Bisceglie
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lodi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Restivo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Degola
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43123 Parma, Italy.
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Arafath MA, Kwong HC, Adam F. ( E)-2-(2-Hy-droxy-3-methyl-benzyl-idene)- N-methyl-hydrazine-1-carbo-thio-amide: supra-molecular assemblies in two-dimensions mediated by N-H⋯S and C-H⋯π inter-actions. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2019; 75:571-575. [PMID: 31110788 PMCID: PMC6505611 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989019004444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C10H13N3OS, the azomethine C=N double bond has an E configuration. The phenyl ring and methyl-hydrazine carbo-thio-amide moiety [maximum deviation = 0.008 (2) Å] are twisted slightly with a dihedral angle of 14.88 (10)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into sheets parallel to the ab plane via N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯π inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Azharul Arafath
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Huey Chong Kwong
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800 USM, Malaysia
| | - Farook Adam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800 USM, Malaysia
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Fetoh A, Mohammed MA, Youssef MM, Abu El‐Reash GM. Synthesis, characterization, cyclic voltammetry and biological studies of Zn (II), Cd (II), Hg (II) and UO
2
2+
complexes of thiosemicarbazone salt. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fetoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMansoura University Mansoura, P.O. Box 70 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Mahdi A. Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMansoura University Mansoura, P.O. Box 70 Mansoura Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education ‐ Arhab, Sana'a University Sana'a Yemen
| | - Magdy M. Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMansoura University Mansoura, P.O. Box 70 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Gaber M. Abu El‐Reash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceMansoura University Mansoura, P.O. Box 70 Mansoura Egypt
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Hricovíni M, Mazúr M, Sîrbu A, Palamarciuc O, Arion VB, Brezová V. Copper(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes and Their Proligands upon UVA Irradiation: An EPR and Spectrophotometric Steady-State Study. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040721. [PMID: 29561827 PMCID: PMC6017935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
X- and Q-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to characterize polycrystalline Cu(II) complexes that contained sodium 5-sulfonate salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazones possessing a hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl substituent at the terminal nitrogen. The ability of thiosemicarbazone proligands to generate superoxide radical anions and hydroxyl radicals upon their exposure to UVA irradiation in aerated aqueous solutions was evidenced by the EPR spin trapping technique. The UVA irradiation of proligands in neutral or alkaline solutions and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) caused a significant decrease in the absorption bands of aldimine and phenolic chromophores. Mixing of proligand solutions with the equimolar amount of copper(II) ions resulted in the formation of 1:1 Cu(II)-to-ligand complex, with the EPR and UV-Vis spectra fully compatible with those obtained for the dissolved Cu(II) thiosemicarbazone complexes. The formation of the complexes fully inhibited the photoinduced generation of reactive oxygen species, and only subtle changes were found in the electronic absorption spectra of the complexes in aqueous and DMSO solutions upon UVA steady-state irradiation. The dark redox activity of copper(II) complexes and proligand/Cu(II) aqueous solutions towards hydrogen peroxide which resulted in the generation of hydroxyl radicals, was confirmed by spin trapping experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hricovíni
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Milan Mazúr
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Angela Sîrbu
- Department of Chemistry, Moldova State University, A. Mateevici Street 60, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova.
| | - Oleg Palamarciuc
- Department of Chemistry, Moldova State University, A. Mateevici Street 60, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova.
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Vlasta Brezová
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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