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Wren J, Goodacre S, Pandor A, Essat M, Clowes M, Cooper G, Hinchliffe R, Reed MJ, Thomas S, Wilson S. Diagnostic accuracy of alternative biomarkers for acute aortic syndrome: a systematic review. Emerg Med J 2024:emermed-2023-213772. [PMID: 39107052 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2023-213772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND D-dimer is the only biomarker currently recommended in guidelines for the diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome (AAS). We undertook a systematic review to determine whether any alternative biomarkers could be useful in AAS diagnosis. METHODS We searched electronic databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library) from inception to February 2024. Diagnostic studies were eligible if they examined biomarkers other than D-dimer for diagnosing AAS compared with a reference standard test in people presenting to the ED with symptoms of AAS. Case-control studies were identified but excluded due to high risk of bias. Selection of studies, data extraction and risk of bias assessments using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool were undertaken independently by at least two reviewers. We used narrative synthesis to summarise the findings. RESULTS We identified 2017 citations, included 13 cohort studies (n=76-999), and excluded 38 case-control studies. Methodological quality was variable, with most included studies having unclear or high risk of bias and applicability concerns in at least one item of the QUADAS-2 tool. Only two studies reported biomarkers with sensitivity and specificity comparable to D-dimer (ie, >90% and >50%, respectively). Wang et al reported 99.1% sensitivity and 84.9% specificity for soluble ST2; however, these findings conflicted with estimates of 58% sensitivity and 70.8% specificity reported in another study. Chun and Siu reported 95.6% sensitivity and 56.1% specificity for neutrophil count, but this has not been confirmed elsewhere. CONCLUSION There are many potential alternative biomarkers for AAS but few have been evaluated in more than one study, study designs are often weak and reported biomarker accuracy is modest or inconsistent between studies. Alternative biomarkers to D-dimer are not ready for routine clinical use. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022252121.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Wren
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Graham Cooper
- Aortic Dissection Charitable Trust, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert Hinchliffe
- Department of Vascular Surgery, North Bristol NHS Trust, Westbury on Trym, UK
- Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Matthew J Reed
- Emergency Medicine Research Group Edinburgh (EMERGE), NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Acute Care Group, The University of Edinburgh Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Steven Thomas
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Sarah Wilson
- Emergency Department, Wexham Park Hospital, Slough, UK
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Zhao Y, Fu W, Wang L. Biomarkers in aortic dissection: Diagnostic and prognostic value from clinical research. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:257-269. [PMID: 37620283 PMCID: PMC10836883 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition for which diagnosis mainly relies on imaging examinations, while reliable biomarkers to detect or monitor are still under investigation. Recent advances in technologies provide an unprecedented opportunity to yield the identification of clinically valuable biomarkers, including proteins, ribonucleic acids (RNAs), and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), for early detection of pathological changes in susceptible patients, rapid diagnosis at the bedside after onset, and a superior therapeutic regimen primarily within the concept of personalized and tailored endovascular therapy for aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute,Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute,Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian 361015, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Vascular Surgery Institute,Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian 361015, China
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Jaglan K, Dhaka SS, Magotra A, Patil CS, Ghanghas A. Exploring MicroRNA biogenesis, applications and bioinformatics analysis in livestock: A comprehensive review. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14529. [PMID: 38268204 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) control the expression of genes post-transcriptionally. Their correlation with commercial economic traits including milk, meat and egg production, as well as their effective role in animal productivity, fertility, embryo survival and disease resistance, make them significant in livestock research. The miRNAs exhibit distinct spatial and temporal expression patterns, offering insights into their functional roles within cells and tissues. Aberrant miRNA production can disrupt vital cellular processes and genetic networks, contributing to conditions like metabolic disorders and viral diseases. These short RNA molecules are present in extracellular fluids, displaying remarkable stability against RNA degradation enzymes and extreme environmental conditions. miRNAs preservation is facilitated through packaging in lipid vesicles or complex formation with RNA-binding proteins. Numerous studies have illuminated the roles of miRNAs in diverse physiological processes, including embryonic stem cell differentiation, haematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation and the coordinated development of organ systems. The integration of miRNA profiling, next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis paves the way for transformative advancements in livestock research and industry. The present review underscores the applications of miRNAs in livestock, showcasing their potential to improve breeding strategies, diagnose diseases and enhance our understanding of fundamental biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Jaglan
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - S S Dhaka
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ankit Magotra
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - C S Patil
- Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Amandeep Ghanghas
- Department of Livestock Production Management, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India
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Chen H, Li Y, Li Z, Shi Y, Zhu H. Diagnostic biomarkers and aortic dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:497. [PMID: 37817089 PMCID: PMC10563263 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic dissection (AD) is a serious and fatal vascular disease. The earlier the condition of AD patients can be assessed precisely, the more scientifically controlled the patient's condition will be. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis is significant for AD. Blood biomarker testing as a method of liquid biopsy can improve the diagnostic efficiency of AD. This study conducted a systematic review of the current blood diagnostic biomarkers of AD. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to January 1, 2023, using the terms "aortic dissection", "serum", "plasma" and "diagnosis". Stata 12.0 software was used to perform Random effects meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software to determine the effect sizes and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Then, a summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve was drawn, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated. RESULTS D-dimer had the best sensitivity and AUC for AD, with values of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.98) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93-0.97), respectively. The sensitivity and AUC values for D-dimer with a cut-off value of 500 ng/mL were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92-0.96), respectively. In contrast, microRNA had a better specificity value for AD, at 0.79 (95% CI: 0.73-0.83). CONCLUSIONS D-dimer and microRNA have good accuracy in the diagnosis of AD, but the specificity of D-dimer is worse, and studies of microRNA are insufficient. The combination of different biomarkers can improve the diagnostic accuracy. Other blood biomarkers are related to the pathological progression of AD and can be selected according to pathological progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Chen
- Department of Infection Disease, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheqian Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanli Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haobo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Nappi F, Alzamil A, Avtaar Singh SS, Spadaccio C, Bonnet N. Current Knowledge on the Interaction of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection, Encoded miRNAs, and Acute Aortic Syndrome. Viruses 2023; 15:2027. [PMID: 37896804 PMCID: PMC10611417 DOI: 10.3390/v15102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection is a clinicopathological entity caused by rupture of the intima, leading to a high mortality if not treated. Over time, diagnostic and investigative methods, antihypertensive therapy, and early referrals have resulted in improved outcomes according to registry data. Some data have also emerged from recent studies suggesting a link between Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and aortic dissection. Furthermore, the use of microRNAs has also become increasingly widespread in the literature. These have been noted to play a role in aortic dissections with elevated levels noted in studies as early as 2017. This review aims to provide a broad and holistic overview of the role of miRNAs, while studying the role of HCMV infection in the context of aortic dissections. The roles of long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and microRNAs are explored to identify changes in expression during aortic dissections. The use of such biomarkers may one day be translated into clinical practice to allow early detection and prognostication of outcomes and drive preventative and therapeutic options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Almothana Alzamil
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Cristiano Spadaccio
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Nicolas Bonnet
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France; (A.A.); (N.B.)
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Kemberi M, Salmasi Y, Santamaria S. The Role of ADAMTS Proteoglycanases in Thoracic Aortic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12135. [PMID: 37569511 PMCID: PMC10419162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) are complex disease states with high morbidity and mortality that pose significant challenges to early diagnosis. Patients with an aneurysm are asymptomatic and typically present to the emergency department only after the development of a dissection. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in regulating the aortic structure and function. The histopathologic hallmark termed medial degeneration is characterised by smooth muscle cell (SMC) loss, the degradation of elastic and collagen fibres and proteoglycan (PG) accumulation. Covalently attached to the protein core of PGs are a number of glycosaminoglycan chains, negatively charged molecules that provide flexibility, compressibility, and viscoelasticity to the aorta. PG pooling in the media can produce discontinuities in the aortic wall leading to increased local stress. The accumulation of PGs is likely due to an imbalance between their synthesis by SMCs and decreased proteolysis by A Disintegrin-like and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) proteoglycanases in the ECM. Mouse models of TAAD indicated that these proteases exert a crucial, albeit complex and not fully elucidated, role in this disease. This has led to a mounting interest in utilising ADAMTS proteoglycanases as biomarkers of TAAD. In this review, we discuss the role of ADAMTSs in thoracic aortic disease and their potential use in facilitating the clinical diagnosis of TAAD and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsioleda Kemberi
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK;
| | - Yousuf Salmasi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W6 8RF, UK;
| | - Salvatore Santamaria
- Department of Biochemical and Physiological Sciences, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Edward Jenner Building, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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Lyu X, Liu X, Gong H, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Hu M, Zhang X. Serum Sema7A is increased in patients with acute aortic dissection. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:1027-1035. [PMID: 37698489 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2254693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To observe the level of serum Sema7A in acute aortic dissection (AAD) and its diagnostic value for AAD. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with sudden chest pain including AAD, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or pulmonary embolism (PE) were enrolled. Patients without chest pain or cardiovascular diseases were included as the controls. Serum Sema7A and plasma D-dimer were detected and compared in each group. RESULTS 85 AAD patients, 55 AMI patients, 15 PE patients, and 30 controls were enrolled. The concentration of Serum Sema7A in the AAD group was significantly higher than that in the control, AMI and PE group. Serum Sema7A was positively correlated with D-dimer. In AAD patients who underwent invasive intervention therapy, serum Sema7A levels were significantly decreased after the intervention. Serum Sema7A was an independent risk factor for the presence of AAD. The areas under the ROC curve of Sema7A and D-dimer for differential diagnosis of AAD from other chest pain disorders were 0.842 (0.776, 0.909) and 0.788 (0.714, 0.862), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sema7A is highly expressed in patients with AAD. Sema7A might be a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis of AAD and has the potential to differentiate AAD from AMI and PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Lyu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Syndrome, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Syndrome, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Acharya M, Mariscalco G. Diagnosis and acute management of type A aortic dissection. THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY 2023; 30:12. [PMID: 38911689 PMCID: PMC11189161 DOI: 10.5837/bjc.2023.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute type A aortic dissection is a devastating aortic disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Clinicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion in patients presenting with sudden-onset chest pain, although the diagnosis may be confounded by the broad spectrum of attendant symptoms and signs. Accurate and timely identification of the acute dissection is of paramount importance to ensure suitable patients are referred promptly for definitive surgical management. This review focuses on the diagnosis of acute type A aortic dissection and discusses the haematological tests, and electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and radiological investigations necessary to confirm the diagnosis and assess for associated complications. The acute medical management of patients with acute type A dissection is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Mariscalco
- Consultant Cardiac Surgeon Department of Cardiac Surgery, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP
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Thanigaimani S, Iyer V, Bingley J, Browne D, Phie J, Doolan D, Golledge J. Association Between Serum MicroRNAs and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosis and Growth. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2023; 65:573-581. [PMID: 36596338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between serum microRNAs (miRNAs) and diagnosis and growth of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and to test their diagnostic and prognostic value. METHODS The expression levels of 800 miRNA tags were assessed in 108 patients with AAA, 12 age and sex matched healthy controls (HCs), and 12 patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) using NanoString technology. Findings were assessed in an independent sample of 66 patients with AAA and 29 age and sex matched HCs by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. AAA growth was assessed by a median of three (interquartile range [IQR] 2, 3) repeat ultrasound scans over a median follow up of 1.1 (IQR 1.0, 2.0) years. The association between the miRNA and AAA diagnosis and growth was examined by regression and linear mixed effects analyses. The diagnostic and prognostic potential of the miRNAs were examined using area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), net re-classification index (NRI), and Cox hazard analyses. RESULTS In comparison with HCs, a model combining clinical risk factors, let-7b-5p and miR-548n had an AUC of 98.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 95.6 - 100.0; p = .003) for diagnosing AAA, which was a significant improvement over clinical risk factors alone (NRI 1.74; 95% CI 1.61 - 1.87; p < .001). Compared with PAD, a model combining clinical risk factors and miR-548n had an AUC of 99.6% (95% CI 98.9 - 100.0, p = .037) for diagnosing AAA, which was a significant improvement over clinical risk factors alone (NRI 1.79, 95% CI 1.68 - 1.91; p < .001). In the longitudinal cohort, none of the miRNAs were able to predict the likelihood of reaching surgical threshold diameter better than clinical risk factors alone. CONCLUSION Serum let-7b-5p and miR548n significantly improved the ability to diagnose AAA. None of the miRNAs had independent prognosis value in predicting AAA growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivshankar Thanigaimani
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns and Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vikram Iyer
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns and Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Vascular Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Bingley
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Mater Hospital, Brisbane
| | - Daniel Browne
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns and Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - James Phie
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns and Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Denise Doolan
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns and Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns and Townsville, Queensland, Australia; The Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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Noncoding RNA in the Regulation of Acute Aortic Dissection: From Profile to Mechanism. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:2371401. [PMID: 36474715 PMCID: PMC9699736 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2371401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition caused by a tear in the intimal layer of the aorta or bleeding within the aortic wall, resulting in the separation of the layers of the aortic wall. As Nienaber reported, aortic dissection is most common in people 65-75 years old and has an incidence of 35 cases per 100,000 people per year in this population. Many pathogenic factors are involved in aortic dissection, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, and abnormality of the aortic intima caused by genetic variation. However, with the development of gene sequencing and transgenic technology, genetic methods are being used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, including acute aortic dissection. Genetic research on acute aortic dissection began around 2006. Recently, research on acute aortic dissection has mainly focused on microRNA (miRNA). Studies have found that miRNA plays a critical regulatory role in the occurrence and development of acute aortic dissection. By regulating miRNA expression, acute aortic dissection can be prevented and treated.
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Adegoke TE, Sabinari IW, Usman TO, Abdulkareem TO, Michael OS, Adeyanju OA, Dibia C, Omotoye OO, Oyabambi AO, Olatunji LA. Allopurinol and valproic acid improve cardiac triglyceride and Na +-K +-ATPase activity independent of circulating aldosterone in female rats with glucose intolerance. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1283-1289. [PMID: 32447998 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1767148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Context: Studies have shown that cardiac triglyceride accumulation and impaired Na+-K+-ATPase activity are linked to diabetes- related cardiovascular disease, particularly in women.Objectives: We hypothesised that allopurinol (ALL) and valproic acid (VPA) treatment would improve cardiac triglyceride and Na+-K+-ATPase activity independent of circulating aldosterone in Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC)-induced dysglycemiaMaterials and methods: Rats received COC (1.0 μg ethinylestradiol and 5.0 μg levonorgestrel; po) with or without ALL (1 mg; po) and VPA (20 mg; po) for 6 weeks.Results: COC-treatment led to impaired glucose tolerance, accumulated abdominal fat, dyslipidemia, elevated plasma MDA, PAI-1 and aldosterone levels and also reduced plasma nitric oxide bioavailability and cardiac Na+-K+-ATPase activity. However, either ALL or VPA treatment ameliorated these alterations comparably independent of elevated aldosterone levelDiscussion and conclusion: Our results suggest that either ALL or VPA would improve cardiac TG and Na+-K+-ATPase activity comparably in COC-treated rats, regardless of circulating aldosterone level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolulope E Adegoke
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Isiah W Sabinari
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Taofeek O Usman
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Cardiometabolic Research Unit, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Toyyib O Abdulkareem
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Olugbenga S Michael
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Cardiometabolic Research Unit, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun A Adeyanju
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Cardiometabolic Research Unit, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Chinaza Dibia
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Omotola O Omotoye
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Adewumi O Oyabambi
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Lawrence A Olatunji
- Department of Physiology, HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Emerging Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Aortic Dissection. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101336. [PMID: 36291545 PMCID: PMC9599213 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a fatal cardiovascular acute disease with high incidence and mortality, and it seriously threatens patients’ lives and health. The pathogenesis of AD mainly includes vascular inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, and phenotypic conversion as well as apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs); however, its detailed mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are an emerging class of RNA molecules without protein-coding ability, and they play crucial roles in the progression of many diseases, including AD. A growing number of studies have shown that the dysregulation of ncRNAs contributes to the occurrence and development of AD by modulating the expression of specific target genes or the activity of related proteins. In addition, some ncRNAs exhibit great potential as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets in AD treatment. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent findings on the underlying mechanism of ncRNA involved in AD regulation and highlight their clinical application as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in AD treatment. The information reviewed here will be of great benefit to the development of ncRNA-based therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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PENG H, WANG J, LI S. MiR-15a-5p accelerated vascular smooth muscle cells viabilities and migratory abilities via targeting Bcl-2. Physiol Res 2022; 71:667-675. [PMID: 36047726 PMCID: PMC9841801 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) caused by the tear in the aortic wall threatens aorta, causing severe chest pain, syncope and even death. Fortunately, development of genetic technology provides promising approaches for AD treatment. To analyze impacts of miR-15a-5p on modulating cell viability and migratory ability of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Ang II (0, 0.05 and 0.1 microM) treatment were applied for inducing inflammatory reactions of VSMCs. RNA expressions of miR-15a-5p with Bcl-2 was examined using RT-qPCR. CCK-8 and transwell evaluated cell viability and migratory ability, respectively. The binding about miR-15a-5p with Bcl-2 were detected by luciferase reporter assay. Western blot detected protein expressions of Bcl-2, MCP-1 and MMP-9. Ang II treatment not only accelerated VSMCs viability and migratory abilities, but also upregulated MCP-1 and MMP-9 protein expressions. MiR-15a-5p was detected to be promoted by Ang II. However, miR-15a-5p inhibitor decreased VSMC cell viability and migratory ability and suppressed protein expressions of MCP-1 and MMP-9. Bcl-2 was targeted and downregulated by miR-15a-5p. Nevertheless, high VSMC cell viability and migration caused by miR-15a-5p overexpression were hindered with overexpressed Bcl-2. MiR-15a-5p mimics also elevated MCP-1 and MMP-9 protein expressions, which were inhibited by Bcl-2 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui PENG
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Jianhua WANG
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Shaohui LI
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, China
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Fan X, Tian S, Yu L, Han M, Liu L, Cheng J, Wu W, Kang X, Zhang D. Calibration and Distraction Mining Network for Aortic True Lumen segmentation. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-220242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Automatic segmentation of aortic true lumen based on deep learning can save the time for diagnosis of aortic dissection. However, fuzzy boundary, small true lumen region, and high similarity usually leads to inaccurate prediction. To make better use of the details supplemented by the encoder to restore boundaries, we decompose the recovery of detail features in the decoder into two sub-processes: calibration and distraction mining. And we propose a novel calibration and distraction mining (CDM) module. It utilizes deep features to calibrate shallow features so that features are concentrated in the main region. Then, it leverages the distraction mining procedure to extract false-negative features as a supplement to calibrated features and recover details of the segmentation object. We construct CDM-Net and verify its performance on the Aorta-CT dataset (private dataset), it achieves the Dice similarity coefficient of 96.94% and the Jaccard index coefficient of 94.08%, which is the best compared with 10 latest methods. Similarly, we explore its robustness on three more public datasets, including ISIC 2018 dataset (skin lesion segmentation), the 2018 data science bowl dataset (nucleus segmentation), LUNA dataset (lung segmentation). Experimental results prove that our method produces competitive results on all three data sets. Through quantitative and qualitative research, the proposed CDM-Net has good performance and can process aortic slices with complex semantic features, additional experiments show that it has good robustness, and it has the potential to be applied and expanded conveniently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fan
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shengwei Tian
- College of Software, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Long Yu
- College of Network Center, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
- Signal and Signal Processing Laboratory, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Han
- School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Teacher Educaiton, Jining University, Qufu, Shandong, China
| | - Junlong Cheng
- College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Kang
- People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dezhi Zhang
- People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research, Xinjiang, China
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Dong J, Li S, Lu Z, Du P, Liu G, Li M, Ma C, Zhou J, Bao J. HCMV-miR-US33-5p promotes apoptosis of aortic vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting EPAS1/SLC3A2 pathway. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:40. [PMID: 35596131 PMCID: PMC9123696 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD), increased vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis has been found. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-miR-US33-5p was significantly increased in the plasma of patients with AAD. However, the roles of miR-US33-5p in human aortic VSMC (HA-VSMC) apoptosis remain to be elucidated. Methods In the current study, cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, cell proliferation by CCK-8 assay, and differentially expressed genes by RNA sequencing. Luciferase reporter assay was used for binding analysis between miR-US33-5p and endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1), and EPAS1 and amino acid transporter heavy chain, member 2 (SLC3A2). The enrichment degree of SLC3A2 promoter DNA was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunoblotting were performed for measuring messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels, respectively. Results It was found that HCMV infection inhibited proliferation but promoted HA-VSMC apoptosis by upregulating HCMV-miR-US33-5p. Transfection of HCMV-miR-US33-5p mimics the significant effect on several signaling pathways including integrin signaling as shown in the RNA sequencing data. Western blotting analysis confirmed that HCMV-miR-US33-5p mimics suppression of the activity of key factors of the integrin signal pathway including FAK, AKT, CAS, and Rac. Mechanistic study showed that HCMV-miR-US33-5p bound to the 3′-untranslated region of EPAS1 to suppress its expression, leading to suppression of SLC3A2 expression, which ultimately promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation. This was confirmed by the findings that silencing EPAS1 significantly reduced the SLC3A2 expression and inhibited proliferation and key factors of integrin signal pathway. Conclusions HCMV-miR-US33-5p suppressed proliferation, key factors of integrin signal pathway, and EPAS1/SLC3A2 expression, but promoted HA-VSMC apoptosis. These findings highlighted the importance of HCMV-miR-US33-5p/EPAS1/SCL3A2 signaling and may provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for AAD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-022-00340-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zilin Lu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangqin Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mintao Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junmin Bao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Goliopoulou A, Oikonomou E, Antonopoulos A, Koumallos N, Gazouli M, Theofilis P, Mystakidi VC, Pantelidis P, Vavuranakis MA, Siasos G, Tousoulis D. Expression of Tissue microRNAs in Ascending Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. Angiology 2022:33197221098295. [PMID: 35503041 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221098295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of serum and tissue mediators in the progression of ascending aortic aneurysms and dissections. We examined how the tissue expression of microRNAs and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), as well as the serum levels of osteoprotegerin, adiponectin, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are associated with these entities. We enrolled 21 patients with ascending aortic aneurysm, 11 with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection and 18 controls. The serum levels of osteoprotegerin, adiponectin, and hsCRP, as well as the tissue expression of MMPs 2 and 9 and tissue microRNAs 29 and 195 were compared among groups. There was no difference regarding serum osteoprotegerin, adiponectin, and tissue MMP2 and MMP9 levels. hsCRP was higher in the dissection group (P = .03). Tissue expression of microRNA 29 was 2.11-fold higher in the dissection (P = .001) and 2.99-fold higher in the aneurysm group (P < .001), compared with the control group. Tissue expression of microRNA 195 was 2.72-fold higher in the dissection (P < .001) and 2.00-fold lower in the aneurysm group (P = .08), compared with to the control group. These findings support the contribution of microRNAs in the progression of aneurysm formation and dissection, suggesting a role as potential biomarkers and future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Goliopoulou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 221171"Sotiria" Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 221171"Sotiria" Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexis Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Athens, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Koumallos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Athens, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Athens, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki-Chara Mystakidi
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 221171"Sotiria" Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Panteleimon Pantelidis
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 221171"Sotiria" Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael-Andrew Vavuranakis
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 221171"Sotiria" Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 221171"Sotiria" Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, "Hippokration" General Hospital of Athens, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Wågsäter D, Ravn H, Wanhainen A, Isaksson H, Björck M. Circulating microRNA in patients with popliteal and multiple artery aneurysms. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:129-135. [PMID: 34617063 PMCID: PMC8489194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with popliteal artery aneurysm (PA) often have multiple aneurysms, such as bilateral disease or a concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). microRNAs (miRs) are regulators of biological processes and have been investigated as biomarkers for AAA. The aim of this study was to explore if the presence of multiple aneurysms and/or location correlated with miR levels in blood. Methods Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, 23 miRs were analyzed in plasma from 183 patients with PA. Results Fifteen of the miRs were associated with the number and/or location of aneurysms (1.3- to 2.1-fold changes). Levels of miR-93 (1.4-fold) and miR-215 (1.6- to 1.9-fold) were changed in all compared groups. MiR-24 and miR-23a were altered in those with AAA (1.4- and 1.5-fold, respectively) or bilateral PA (1.5- and 1.4-fold, respectively), compared with in those without. MiR-145 were significantly altered (1.7-fold) in those with isolated PA and AAA, whereas miR-326 were altered in those with bilateral (2.3-fold) and isolated PA (1.9-fold). Conclusions Different miRs seem to be important or to be markers for different subgroups of patients with PA. The identified miRs target vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular inflammation. Further studies are needed to increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of aneurysmal disease. Patients with popliteal artery aneurysm often have multiple aneurysms, such as bilateral disease or concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysms, but the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood. MicroRNAs are important regulators of gene expression and biological processes and have recently been investigated as possible biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm. This study identified 11 microRNAs that were altered in subgroups of patients with popliteal artery aneurysm, which could be important regulators to study in interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick Wågsäter
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: Dick Wågsäter, PhD, Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Ravn
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Lillebaelt, University of Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Anders Wanhainen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helena Isaksson
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Martin Björck
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Fernández-Moreno R, Torre-Cisneros J, Cantisán S. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded microRNAs: potential biomarkers and clinical applications. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2194-2202. [PMID: 34039247 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1930757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HCMV-encoded microRNAs (hcmv-miRNAs) are non-coding and non-immunogenic molecules that target numerous cellular genes and allow the virus to modulate the host's signalling pathways, thus favouring viral survival and replication. Given their capacity to silence the human genes involved in various physiological processes, these hcmv-miRNAs have now emerged as a potential clinical biomarker in many human diseases. In this review, we summarize the evidence published on the diagnostic and prognostic value of hcmv-miRNAs in several human diseases and their clinical implications. Specifically, we discuss the role of hcmv-miRNAs in the development of cardiovascular diseases and cancer by silencing tumour suppressors. We also examine the current knowledge on the utility of some hcmv-miRNAs in predicting HCMV viraemia recurrence in transplant patients, as well as the interference of hcmv-miRNAs in the development of an appropriate immune response against other viral infections, which might have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernández-Moreno
- Instituto Maimónides De Investigación Biomédica De Córdoba (Imibic)/reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julián Torre-Cisneros
- Instituto Maimónides De Investigación Biomédica De Córdoba (Imibic)/reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Reina Sofía Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Sara Cantisán
- Instituto Maimónides De Investigación Biomédica De Córdoba (Imibic)/reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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Kwak YH, Kwak DK, Moon HS, Kim NY, Yee JS, Yoo JH. Significant Changes in Serum MicroRNAs after High Tibial Osteotomy in Medial Compartmental Knee Osteoarthritis: Potential Prognostic Biomarkers. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:258. [PMID: 33562261 PMCID: PMC7914593 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an effective alternative for medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis (OA). Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to serve as OA-related biomarkers. The present study investigated the differential expression of serum miRNAs before and after HTO to identify potential miRNAs as prognostic biomarkers. miRNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays were used to screen for miRNAs in the serum at preoperative and 6-month postoperative time points from six patients, and the differentially expressed miRNAs identified in the profiling stage were validated using real-time PCR at post-operative months 6 and 18 in 27 other HTO-treated patients. Among 84 miRNAs involved in the inflammatory process, three (miR-19b-3p, miR-29c-3p, and miR-424-5p) showed differential expression patterns in the profiling stage (p = 0.011, 0.015, and 0.021, respectively). Levels of these three and four other miRNAs (miR-140-3p, miR-454-3p, miR-let-7e-5p, and miR-885-5p) known to be related to OA progression were evaluated in the serum of 27 patients. Only four miRNAs (miR-19b-3p, miR-140-3p, miR-454-3p, and miR-let-7e-5p) were significantly upregulated at postoperative month 6 (p = 0.003, 0.005, 0.004, and 0.004, respectively), and only miR-140-3p was significantly upregulated up to 18 months after operation (p = 0.003). Together, this study reveals the significantly upregulated serum miRNAs after HTO as potential prognostic biomarkers; however, further studies are warranted to elucidate their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hae Kwak
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Dae-Kyung Kwak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (D.-K.K.); (H.-S.M.); (J.-S.Y.)
| | - Hyun-Soo Moon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (D.-K.K.); (H.-S.M.); (J.-S.Y.)
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Korea;
| | - Jae-Sung Yee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (D.-K.K.); (H.-S.M.); (J.-S.Y.)
| | - Je-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Korea; (D.-K.K.); (H.-S.M.); (J.-S.Y.)
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20
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Ji J, Xu Q, He X, Chen XL, Yang J. MicroRNA microarray analysis to detect biomarkers of aortic dissection from paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021; 31:239-247. [PMID: 32706032 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the differential expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in paraffin-embedded acute aortic dissection (AAD) tissues to find potential biomarkers for this disease. METHODS A total of 92 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were collected from 92 patients with AAD who underwent surgical replacement. Among these specimens, 54 had partial normal aortic segments (smooth intima surface, non-atherosclerotic lesions) in proximal crevasse of aorta. Samples of these segments were taken 1 cm away from aortic lesions as the control group, after eliminating the tunica adventitia tissues. miRNA expression profiles were obtained by miRNA microarray analysis. Differentially expressed miRNAs were found by comparing the AAD group with the control group and were verified by fluorescence real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and by fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS A total of 71 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected. Twenty-two were up-regulated and 49 were down-regulated. Four up-regulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-636, hsa-miR-142-3p, hsa-miR-425-3p, hsa-miR-191-3p) were selected for validation by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization. In the fluorescence real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, only hsa-miR-636 showed a statistically significant difference in the AAD versus control comparison (3.3-fold, P = 0.012). The fluorescence in situ hybridization validation showed that the expression level of hsa-miR-636 was significantly increased in the AAD versus control comparison (P < 0.001), with average optical densities of 61.29 ± 16.83 in the AAD group and 9.30 ± 3.98 in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Hsa-miR-636 is involved in the pathogenesis of AAD and may be a potential biomarker for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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21
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Fang J, Pan Z, Yu H, Yang S, Hu X, Lu X, Li L. Regulatory Master Genes Identification and Drug Repositioning by Integrative mRNA-miRNA Network Analysis for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:575765. [PMID: 33551796 PMCID: PMC7861055 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.575765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a life-threatening disease. The understanding of its pathogenesis and treatment approaches remains unclear. In the present work, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from two ATAAD datasets GSE52093 and GSE98770 were filtered. Transcription factor TEAD4 was predicted as a key modulator in protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified five modules in GSE52093 and four modules in GSE98770 were highly correlated with ATAAD. 71 consensus DEGs of highly correlated modules were defined and functionally annotated. L1000CDS2 was executed to predict drug for drug repositioning in ATAAD treatment. Eight compounds were filtered as potential drugs. Integrative analysis revealed the interaction network of five differentially expressed miRNA and 16 targeted DEGs. Finally, master DEGs were validated in human ATAAD samples and AD cell model in vitro. TIMP3 and SORBS1 were downregulated in ATAAD samples and AD cell model, while PRUNE2 only decreased in vitro. Calcium channel blocker and glucocorticoid receptor agonist might be potential drugs for ATAAD. The present study offers potential targets and underlying molecular mechanisms ATAAD pathogenesis, prevention and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Fang
- Surgical Intensive Critical Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongfu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Marimuthu SK, Nagarajan K, Perumal SK, Palanisamy S, Subbiah L. Structural stability of antimicrobial peptides rich in tryptophan, proline and arginine: a computational study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:3551-3559. [PMID: 33210568 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1848631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The host defense peptides or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) often contain short sequence of amino acids, either positive or negatively charged and express broad-spectrum antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activity. Many researchers had reported that tryptophan, arginine and proline rich AMPs have a promising source of next-generation antibiotics. Nowadays, AMPs are used as a possible therapeutic source for future antibiotics. In the present study, the amino acid sequences of 2924 AMPs belonging to various sources rich in Tryptophan, Proline and Arginine was chosen for investigation. The AMPs were further categorized according to their source, structure and antimicrobial activities. The AMPs with tryptophan, arginine, proline residues in abundance with maximum sequence length of 20 amino acids alone was obtained. Homology modeling was performed with PEP-FOLD and the modeled structures were evaluated using RAMPAGE to identify the structural information. Further, the stability of peptide in aqueous condition was probed using molecular dynamics simulations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Kumar Marimuthu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Krishnanand Nagarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Perumal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Selvamani Palanisamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Latha Subbiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology (BIT) Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
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23
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Cheng M, Yang Y, Xin H, Li M, Zong T, He X, Yu T, Xin H. Non-coding RNAs in aortic dissection: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11622-11637. [PMID: 32885591 PMCID: PMC7578866 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is the rupture of the aortic intima, causing the blood in the cavity to enter the middle of the arterial wall. Without urgent and proper treatment, the mortality rate increases to 50% within 48 hours. Most patients present with acute onset of symptoms, including sudden severe pain and complex and variable clinical manifestations, which can be easily misdiagnosed. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying AD are still unknown. Recently, non‐coding RNAs have emerged as novel regulators of gene expression. Previous studies have proven that ncRNAs can regulate several cardiovascular diseases; therefore, their potential as clinical biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for AD has aroused widespread interest. To date, several studies have reported that microRNAs are crucially involved in AD progression. Additionally, several long non‐coding RNAs and circular RNAs have been found to be differentially expressed in AD samples, suggesting their potential roles in vascular physiology and disease. In this review, we discuss the functions of ncRNAs in AD pathophysiology and highlight their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD. Meanwhile, we present the animal models previously used for AD research, as well as the specific methods for constructing mouse or rat AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Xin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingyu Zong
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingqiang He
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Xin
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Yang ZC, Wang TR, Li RT, Chen TW, Fan Y, Jiang WH, Li MM, Chen JX. Construction of hybrid DNAs@CP for the rapid synchronous sensing of multiplex microRNAs based on experimental studies and molecular simulation. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111076. [PMID: 32304915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A water stable one-dimensional (1D) ladder-shaped coordination polymer (CP) has been synthesized and exhibits a strong affinity to two fluorescein-tagged single-stranded probe DNAs (P-DNAs), giving a sensing platform of P-DNAs@1. Such a hybrid sensing platform is capable of simultaneous detection of breast cancer related microRNA-221 (miRNA-221) and miRNA-222 in a specific and synchronous manner, without observable cross-reactions, as supported by experimental evidences. The interaction mode and the electronic energy between CP 1 with nucleic acid were confirmed by molecular simulation and the universal force field (UFF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Tao-Rui Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rong-Tian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Ting-Wei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yue Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Wei-Hua Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Min-Min Li
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Jin-Xiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Khan MS, Yamashita K, Sharma V, Ranjan R, Dosdall DJ. RNAs and Gene Expression Predicting Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Surgery Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041139. [PMID: 32316120 PMCID: PMC7231013 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is linked with increased morbidity, mortality rate and financial liability. About 20–50% of patients experience POAF after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Numerous review articles and meta-analyses have investigated links between patient clinical risk factors, demographic conditions, and pre-, peri- and post-operative biomarkers to forecast POAF incidence in CABG patients. This narrative review, for the first time, summarize the role of micro-RNAs, circular-RNAs and other gene expressions that have shown experimental evidence to accurately predict the POAF incidence in cardiac surgery patients after CABG. We envisage that identifying specific genomic markers for predicting POAF might be a significant step for the prevention and effective management of this type of post-operative complication and may provide critical perspective into arrhythmogenic substrate responsible for POAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shuja Khan
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.S.K.); (K.Y.); (R.R.)
| | - Kennosuke Yamashita
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.S.K.); (K.Y.); (R.R.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Utah-Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The University of Utah-Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.S.K.); (K.Y.); (R.R.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Utah-Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Derek James Dosdall
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (M.S.K.); (K.Y.); (R.R.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Utah-Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The University of Utah-Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-801-587-2036
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Comparative Proteomic Investigation of Plasma Reveals Novel Potential Biomarker Groups for Acute Aortic Dissection. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:4785068. [PMID: 32256857 PMCID: PMC7106916 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4785068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a catastrophic cardiovascular disease with high disability and mortality due to multiple fatal complications. However, the molecular changes of the serum proteome after AAD are not very clear. Here, we performed isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation- (iTRAQ-) based comparative proteomic analysis to investigate the proteome profile changes after AAD by collecting plasma samples from 20 AAD patients and 20 controls. Out of the 345 identified proteins, 266 were considered as high-quality quantified proteins (95%confident peptides ≥ 2), of which 25 proteins were accumulated and 12 were reduced in AAD samples. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the 25 AAD-accumulated proteins were enriched in high-density lipoprotein particles for the cellular component category and protein homodimerization acidity for the molecular function category. Protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that serum amyloid A proteins (SAAs), complement component proteins, and carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain proteins (CPNs) possessed the key nodes of the network. The expression levels of six selected AAD-accumulated proteins, B2-GP1, CPN1, F9, LBP, SAA1, and SAA2, were validated by ELISA. Moreover, ROC analysis showed that the AUCs of B2-GP1 and CPN1 were 0.808 and 0.702, respectively. Our data provide insights into molecular change profiles in proteome levels after AAD and indicate that B2-GP1 and CPN1 are potential biomarkers for AAD.
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Salmasi MY, Al-Saadi N, Hartley P, Jarral OA, Raja S, Hussein M, Redhead J, Rosendahl U, Nienaber CA, Pepper JR, Oo AY, Athanasiou T. The risk of misdiagnosis in acute thoracic aortic dissection: a review of current guidelines. Heart 2020; 106:885-891. [PMID: 32170039 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-316322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute aortic syndrome and in particular aortic dissection (AAD) persists as a cause of significant morbidity and mortality despite improvements in surgical management. This clinical review aims to explore the risks of misdiagnosis, outcomes associated with misdiagnosis and evaluate current diagnostic methods for reducing its incidence.Due to the nature of the pathology, misdiagnosing the condition and delaying management can dramatically worsen patient outcomes. Several diagnostic challenges exist, including low prevalence, rapidly propagating pathology, non-discrete symptomatology, non-specific signs, analogy with other acute conditions and lack of management infrastructure. A similarity to acute coronary syndromes is a specific concern and risks patient maltreatment. AAD with malperfusion syndromes are both a cause of misdiagnosis and marker of disease complication, requiring specifically tailored management plans from the emergency setting.Despite improvements in diagnostic measures, including imaging modalities and biomarkers, misdiagnosis of AAD remains commonplace and current guidelines are relatively limited in preventing its occurrence. This paper recommends the early use of AAD risk scoring, focused echocardiography and most importantly, fast-tracking patients to cross-sectional imaging where the suspicion of AAD is high. This has the potential to improve the diagnostic process for AAD and limit the risk of misdiagnosis. However, our understanding remains limited by the lack of large patient datasets and an adequately audited processes of emergency department practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yousuf Salmasi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nina Al-Saadi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philip Hartley
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Omar A Jarral
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shahzad Raja
- Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, UK
| | - Muthana Hussein
- Emergency Medicine, Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames, London, UK
| | - Julian Redhead
- Emergency Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ulrich Rosendahl
- Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, UK
| | - Christoph A Nienaber
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - John R Pepper
- Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, UK
| | - Aung Y Oo
- Cardiac Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Thanos Athanasiou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Human cytomegalovirus-encoded MicroRNAs: A master regulator of latent infection. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 78:104119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kwak YH, Kwak DK, Kim NY, Kim YJ, Lim JS, Yoo JH. Significant changes in synovial fluid microRNAs after high tibial osteotomy in medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis: Identification of potential prognostic biomarkers. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227596. [PMID: 31923920 PMCID: PMC6954069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a well-established treatment for medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in osteoarthritis progression and are useful as osteoarthritis-related biomarkers. In this prospective study, we investigated differentially expressed microRNAs in the synovial fluid (SF) before and after HTO in patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis to identify microRNAs that can be used as prognostic biomarkers. We used miRNA-PCR arrays to screen for miRNAs in SF samples obtained preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively from 6 patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis who were treated with medial open wedge HTO. Differentially expressed miRNAs identified in the profiling stage were validated by real-time quantitative PCR in 22 other patients who had also been treated with HTO. All patients radiographically corresponded to Kellgren-Lawrence grade II or III with medial compartmental osteoarthritis. These patients were clinically assessed using a visual analogue scale and Western Ontario McMaster Universities scores. Mechanical axis changes were measured on standing anteroposterior radiographs of the lower limbs assessed preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Among 84 miRNAs known to be involved in the inflammatory process, 14 were expressed in all SF specimens and 3 (miR-30a-5p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-30c-5p) were differentially expressed in the profiling stage. These 3 miRNAs, as well as 4 other miRNAs (miR-378a-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-23a-3p, miR-27b-3p), are related to osteoarthritis progression. These results were validated in the SF from 22 patients. Clinical and radiological outcomes improved after HTO in all patients, and only 2 miRNAs (miR-30c-5p and miR-23a-3p) were significantly differentially expressed between preoperative and postoperative 6-month SF samples (p = 0.006 and 0.007, respectively). Of these two miRNAs, miR-30c-5p correlated with postoperative pain relief. This study provides potential prognostic miRNAs after HTO and further investigations should be considered to determine clinical implications of these miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hae Kwak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Kyung Kwak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seop Lim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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Gao Z, Pei X, He C, Wang Y, Lu J, Jin M, Cheng W. Oxygenation impairment in patients with acute aortic dissection is associated with disorders of coagulation and fibrinolysis: a prospective observational study. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:1190-1201. [PMID: 31179061 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.04.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Stanford type-A acute aortic dissection (AAD) is typically accompanied by oxygenation impairment before surgery. In addition, inflammation, coagulation and fibrinolysis also impair blood oxygenation. However, our understanding of the concentration of these factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) has not been reported. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of preoperative acute lung injury (ALI) on postoperative oxygenation impairment and to explore the effect of coagulation and fibrinolysis in blood and BALF. Methods This investigation utilized a prospective observational study design, which was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier NCT01894334). The study included 53 patients undergoing surgery for Stanford type-A AAD at an academic hospital in China between October 2013 and July 2014. Preoperative ALI was identified according to the oxygenation index calculated by the PaO2/FiO2 ratio. The subjects were divided into the ALI group (oxygenation index ≤300 mmHg) or the control group (oxygenation index >300 mmHg). The primary outcome was patient oxygenation index, while secondary outcomes were concentrations of tissue factor (TF), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in serum and BALF. Results The incidence of preoperative ALI for Stanford type-A AAD patients was 41.5%. Stanford type-A AAD patients with preoperative ALI had a lower postoperative oxygenation index (104.6±31.7 vs. 248.7±48.0 mmHg, P<0.001), higher concentrations of TF in serum and BALF (F=133.67, P<0.001; F=68.14, P<0.001), higher concentrations of TFPI in serum and BALF (F=31.98, P<0.001; F=45.58, P<0.001), and higher concentrations of PAI-1 in serum and BALF (F=213.88, P<0.001; F=107.95, P<0.001) when compared with those without preoperative ALI. Type-A AAD patients also showed a greater loss of blood (1,524±458 vs. 1,175±327 mL, P=0.040), longer mechanical ventilation time in the ICU (27.24±8.37 vs. 17.33±7.36 h, P<0.001), longer total stay in the ICU (42.27±10.85 vs. 33.45±9.05 h, P=0.002), and longer total hospital stay (17.77±5.00 vs. 13.48±3.97 days, P=0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that preoperative PAI-1 in BALF, and TF in both serum and BALF were significantly associated with preoperative oxygenation impairment in patients with Stanford type-A AAD. Conclusions Preoperative ALI caused more serious postoperative oxygenation impairment for Stanford type-A AAD, and coagulation and fibrinolysis appear to play critical roles in this process. Preoperative PAI-1 in BALF and TF in both serum and BALF were significant factors related to the occurrence of preoperative oxygenation impairment for Stanford type-A AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chen He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuefeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiakai Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mu Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiping Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
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Su Y, Li Q, Zheng Z, Wei X, Hou P. Integrative bioinformatics analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles and identification of associated miRNA-mRNA network in aortic dissection. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16013. [PMID: 31192949 PMCID: PMC6587623 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic dissection (AD) is one of the most lethal cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to identify core genes and pathways revealing pathogenesis in AD. METHODS We screened differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs using mRNA and miRNA expression profile data of AD from Gene Expression Omnibus. Then functional and pathway enrichment analyses of differential expression genes (DEGs) was performed utilizing the database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID). Target genes with differential expression miRNAs (DEMIs) were predicted using the miRWalk database, and the intersection between these predictions and DEGs was selected as differentially expressed miRNA-target genes. In addition, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network were constructed. RESULTS In total, 130 DEGs and 47 DEMIs were identified from mRNA and miRNA microarray, respectively, and 45 DEGs were DEMI-target genes. The PPI and miRNA-mRNA network included 79 node genes and 74 node genes, respectively, while 23 hub genes and 2 hub miRNAs were identified. The DEGs, PPI and modules differential expression miRNA-target genes were all mainly enriched in cell cycle, cell proliferation and cell apoptosis signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Taken above, the study reveals some candidate genes and pathways potentially involving molecular mechanisms of AD. These findings provide a new insight for research and treatment of AD.
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Li T, Liu C, Liu L, Xia H, Xiao Y, Wang X, Wang Y. Regulatory Mechanism of MicroRNA-145 in the Pathogenesis of Acute Aortic Dissection. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:352-359. [PMID: 30900421 PMCID: PMC6433572 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.4.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have confirmed that microRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of acute aortic dissection (AAD). Here, we aimed to explore the role of miR-145 and its regulatory mechanism in the pathogenesis of AAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS AAD tissue samples were harvested from patients with aortic dissection and normal donors. Rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were transfected with miR-145 mimic/inhibitor or negative control mimic/inhibitor. Gene and protein expression was measured in human aortic dissection tissue specimens and VSMCs by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify whether connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was a direct target of miR-145 in VSMCs. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect VSMC viability. RESULTS miR-145 expression was downregulated in aortic dissection tissues and was associated with the survival of patients with AAD. Overexpression of miR-145 promoted VSMC proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Moreover, CTGF, which was increased in aortic dissection tissues, was decreased by miR-145 mimic and increased by miR-145 inhibitor. Furthermore, CTGF was confirmed as a target of miR-145 and could reverse the promotion effect of miR-145 on the progression of AAD. CONCLUSION miR-145 suppressed the progression of AAD by targeting CTGF, suggesting that a miR-145/CTGF axis may provide a potential therapeutic target for AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chencheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingchao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingbin Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Hiraya D, Sato A, Aonuma K. Circulating microRNAs as an emerging biomarker for acute aortic dissection diagnosis-comparing with prior biomarkers. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:1186-1189. [PMID: 29708152 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.03.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Hiraya
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Eftihia Sbarouni
- Division of Interventional Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Georgiadou
- Division of Interventional Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
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