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Han J, Lu Z, Zhang H, Ji S, Liu B, Kong N, Yang Y, Xing B, Liu Z. Biocontrol mechanisms of poplar leaf blight due to Nigrospora oryzae. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14556. [PMID: 39356004 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Nigrospora oryzae, a newly identified pathogen, is responsible for poplar leaf blight, causing significant harm to poplar growth. Here, we describe, for the first time, a biological control method for the control of poplar leaf blight via the applications of 3 dominant Trichoderma strains/species. In this study, dominant Trichoderma species/strains with the potential for biocontrol were identified and then further characterised via dual culture assays, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and culture filtrates. The biocontrol efficacy of these strains against N. oryzae was found to exceed 60%. Furthermore, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in Populus davidiana × P. alba var. pyramidalis (PdPap) leaves pretreated with these Trichoderma strains significantly decreased. Furthermore, pretreatment of PdPap with a combination of these Trichoderma (Tcom) resulted in 9.71-fold and 1.95-fold increases in peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, respectively, and 3.87-fold decrease in the MDA content compared to controls. Moreover, Tcom pretreatment activated the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathway-dependent defence responses of poplar, upregulating pathogenesis-related protein (PR) and MYC proto-oncogene (MYC-R) by more than 12-fold and 17.32-fold, respectively. In addition, Trichoderma treatments significantly increased the number of lateral roots, aboveground biomass, and stomata number and density of PdPap, and Tcom was superior to the single pretreatments. The soil pH also became weakly acidic in these pretreatments, which is beneficial for the growth of PdPap seedlings. These findings indicate that these dominant Trichoderma strains can effectively increase biocontrol and poplar growth promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Han
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhantong Lu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Efficient Crop Production and Food Quality Safety, Modern Agricultural Industry Research Institute of Henan Zhoukou National Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Shida Ji
- Horticultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Kong
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baoyue Xing
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Liu B, Han J, Zhang H, Li Y, An Y, Ji S, Liu Z. The regulatory pathway of transcription factor MYB36 from Trichoderma asperellum Tas653 resistant to poplar leaf blight pathogen Alternaria alternata Aal004. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127637. [PMID: 38382286 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In fungi, MYB transcription factors (TFs) mainly regulate growth, development, and resistance to stress. However, as major disease-resistance TFs, they have rarely been studied in biocontrol fungi. In this study, MYB36 of Trichoderma asperellum Tas653 (Ta) was shown to respond strongly to the stress caused by Alternaria alternata Aa1004. Compared with wild-type Ta (Ta-Wt), the inhibition rate of the MYB36 knockout strain (Ta-Kn) on Aa1004 decreased by 11.06%; the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities decreased by 82.15 U/g, 0.19 OD470/min/g, and 1631.2 μmol/min/g, respectively. The MYB36 overexpression strain (Ta-Oe) not only enhanced hyperparasitism on Aa1004, caused its hyphae to swell, deform, or even rupture, but also reduced the incidence rate of poplar leaf blight. MYB36 regulates downstream (TFs, detoxification genes, defense genes, and other antifungal-related genes by binding to the cis-acting elements "ACAT" and "ATCG". Zinc finger TFs, as the main antifungal TFs, account for 90% of the total TFs, and Zn37.5 (23.24-) and Zn83.7 (23.18-fold) showed the greatest expression difference when regulated directly by MYB36. The detoxification genes mainly comprised 11 major major facilitator superfamily (MFS) genes, among which MYB36 directly increased the expression levels of three genes by more than 2-3.44-fold. The defense genes mainly encoded cytochrome P450 (P450) and hydrolases. e.g., P45061.3 (2-10.95-), P45060.2 (2-7.07-), and Hyd44.6 (2-2.30-fold). This study revealed the molecular mechanism of MYB36 regulation of the resistance of T. asperellum to A. alternata and provides theoretical guidance for the biocontrol of poplar leaf blight and the anti-disease mechanism of biocontrol fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jing Han
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Modern Agricultural Industry Research Institute of Henan Zhoukou National Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone, Zhoukou Normal University, Henan 466000, China
| | - Yuxiao Li
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yibo An
- National Forestry and Grassland National Reserve Forest Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing Forestry Investment and Development Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Shida Ji
- Horticultural College of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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Gao H, Ma J, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Zhao M, He S, Sun Y, Fang X, Chen X, Ma K, Pang Y, Gu Y, Dongye Y, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. The MYB Transcription Factor GmMYB78 Negatively Regulates Phytophthora sojae Resistance in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4247. [PMID: 38673832 PMCID: PMC11050205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora root rot is a devastating disease of soybean caused by Phytophthora sojae. However, the resistance mechanism is not yet clear. Our previous studies have shown that GmAP2 enhances sensitivity to P. sojae in soybean, and GmMYB78 is downregulated in the transcriptome analysis of GmAP2-overexpressing transgenic hairy roots. Here, GmMYB78 was significantly induced by P. sojae in susceptible soybean, and the overexpressing of GmMYB78 enhanced sensitivity to the pathogen, while silencing GmMYB78 enhances resistance to P. sojae, indicating that GmMYB78 is a negative regulator of P. sojae. Moreover, the jasmonic acid (JA) content and JA synthesis gene GmAOS1 was highly upregulated in GmMYB78-silencing roots and highly downregulated in overexpressing ones, suggesting that GmMYB78 could respond to P. sojae through the JA signaling pathway. Furthermore, the expression of several pathogenesis-related genes was significantly lower in GmMYB78-overexpressing roots and higher in GmMYB78-silencing ones. Additionally, we screened and identified the upstream regulator GmbHLH122 and downstream target gene GmbZIP25 of GmMYB78. GmbHLH122 was highly induced by P. sojae and could inhibit GmMYB78 expression in resistant soybean, and GmMYB78 was highly expressed to activate downstream target gene GmbZIP25 transcription in susceptible soybean. In conclusion, our data reveal that GmMYB78 triggers soybean sensitivity to P. sojae by inhibiting the JA signaling pathway and the expression of pathogenesis-related genes or through the effects of the GmbHLH122-GmMYB78-GmbZIP25 cascade pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jia Ma
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yuxin Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Chuanzhong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Ming Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shengfu He
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yan Sun
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xin Fang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Kexin Ma
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yanjie Pang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yachang Gu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yaqun Dongye
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute of Northeast Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Harbin 150030, China; (H.G.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (C.Z.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.S.); (X.F.); (X.C.); (K.M.); (Y.P.); (Y.G.); (Y.D.)
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Du HY, Zhang YZ, Liu K, Gu PW, Cao S, Gao X, Wang ZY, Liu ZH, Yu ZY. Analysis of the Properties of 44 ABC Transporter Genes from Biocontrol Agent Trichoderma asperellum ACCC30536 and Their Responses to Pathogenic Alternaria alternata Toxin Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1570-1586. [PMID: 36826046 PMCID: PMC9955796 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in transporting multiple substrates, such as toxins, and may be important for the survival of Trichoderma when encountering biotic toxins. In this study, genome searching revealed that there are 44 ABC transporters encoded in the genome of Trichoderma asperellum. These ABC transporters were divided into six types based on three-dimensional (3D) structure prediction, of which four, represented by 39 ABCs, are involved in transport and the remaining two, represented by 5 ABCs, are involved in regulating translation. The characteristics of nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) are important in the identification of ABC proteins. Even though the 3D structures of the 79 NBDs in the 44 ABCs are similar, multiple sequence alignment showed they can be divided into three classes. In total, 794 motifs were found in the promoter regions of the 44 ABC genes, of which 541 were cis-regulators related to stress responses. To characterize how their ABCs respond when T. asperellum interact with fungi or plants, T. asperellum was cultivated in either minimal media (MM) control, C-hungry, N-hungry, or poplar medium (PdPap) to simulate normal conditions, competition with pathogens, interaction with pathogens, and interaction with plants, respectively. The results show that 17 of 39 transport ABCs are highly expressed in at least one condition, whereas four of the five translation-regulating ABCs are highly expressed in at least one condition. Of these 21 highly expressed ABCs, 6 were chosen for RT-qPCR expression under the toxin stress of phytopathogen Alternaria alternata, and the results show ABC01, ABC04, ABC05, and ABC31 were highly expressed and may be involved in pathogen interaction and detoxifying toxins from A. alternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ying Du
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helan Mountain West Road, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helan Mountain West Road, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Pei-Wen Gu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helan Mountain West Road, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Shuang Cao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helan Mountain West Road, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helan Mountain West Road, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ze-Yang Yu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 489 Helan Mountain West Road, Yinchuan 750021, China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-951-5015825; Fax: +86-951-5032599
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Ji S, Liu Z, Wang Y. Trichoderma-Induced Ethylene Responsive Factor MsERF105 Mediates Defense Responses in Malus sieversii. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:708010. [PMID: 34777407 PMCID: PMC8585786 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.708010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma can induce plant hormone signal pathways mediating plant defenses, resulting in broad-spectrum resistance to phytopathogens. Herein, Malus sieversii seedlings were treated with Trichoderma biofertilizer and/or Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali, and transcriptome analysis revealed significant differential expression. There was a high similarity between the transcriptome expression profiles of Trichoderma-induced and A. alternata-infected M. sieversii samples for genes related to jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways. Additionally, Trichoderma biofertilizer activated numerous disease-resistant genes (ERF, NAC, bHLH, and STK) and defense response genes (DRP, ABC, and HSP). Among transcription factors, members of the ERF family were the most differentially expressed (18 ERFs), indicating that they may be closely related to defense responses. Among ERFs, differential expression of MsERF105 was the most significant (upregulated 27.6-fold compared to controls). MsERF105 was heterologously expressed in PdPap poplar (Populus davidiana × Populus alba var. pyramidalis Louche), and following infection with A. alternata (Aal), transgenic PdPap-MsERF105s plants displayed lower malondialdehyde (downregulated 41.4%) and reactive oxygen species (ROSs) levels, and higher reductase activities, especially superoxide dismutase (SOD; upregulated 77.5% compared to PdPap-ROK2 plants). Furthermore, the lesion areas of PdPap-MsERF105s leaves were significantly smaller (0.2%) than those of PdPap-ROK2 leaves (∼26.0%), and the cell membrane integrity was superior for PdPap-MsERF105s leaves. Thus, MsERF105 enhanced the resistance of PaPap poplar to Aal, presumably because MsERF105 activates the expression of PR1 and PDF1.2. In conclusion, Trichoderma biofertilizer modulated the differential expression of numerous disease resistance genes and defense response genes in M. sieversii in response to pathogen attack, and MsERF105 played important roles in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shida Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yucheng Wang, ;
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Biocontrol and growth-promoting effect of Trichoderma asperellum TaspHu1 isolate from Juglans mandshurica rhizosphere soil. Microbiol Res 2020; 242:126596. [PMID: 33007636 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To better apply the biocontrol agent Trichoderma spp. in Northeast China, collecting and screening more suitable native Trichoderma strains is necessary. In the present study, 10 isolates were obtained from Juglans mandshurica rhizosphere soils in Heilongjiang Province, and were identified as T. asperellum (four isolates), T. harzianum (four), T. hamatum (one), T. atroviride (one). The fastest-growing isolate per species on potato dextrose agar medium were further evaluated in stress tolerance tests (salt, alkali, nutritional stress, and low temperature) and confrontation assays (eight pathogens), which showed that T. asperellum TaspHu1 possessed the best adaptation and biological control ability. Then, Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) seeds were sown and treated with a series of concentrations of TaspHu1 spore suspension, as was unsown soil. Tomato seedlings treated by TaspHu1 had a significantly greater height, stem diameter, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content. Furthermore, their nitrate reductase activity and catalase activity were significantly increased, and these promoting effects depended on the concentration of the spore suspension. Meanwhile, a decrease in chlorophyll content was observed in the tomato seedlings treated with TaspHu1. In addition, strain TaspHu1 enhanced the tomato seedlings' absorption of available nitrogen, but did not influence the soil available nitrogen content. Furthermore, the resistance of tomato seedlings against Alternaria alternata was enhanced by TaspHu1 (smaller, fewer leaf spots), the seedlings' hormone signal transduction genes JAR1, MYC2, NPR1, PR1, and GH3.2 were highly expressed. Thus, TaspHu1 is a promising biocontrol candidate for use in agriculture and forestry.
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Xian HQ, Liu L, Li YH, Yang YN, Yang S. Molecular tagging of biocontrol fungus Trichoderma asperellum and its colonization in soil. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:255-264. [PMID: 31541488 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To conduct molecular tagging of the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma asperellum strain T4 and elucidate its colonization patterns in soil. METHODS AND RESULTS We constructed an expression vector harbouring a hygromycin B-resistant gene (hph) and an efficient green fluorescent protein (egfp) gene. By applying Agrobacterium AGL-1-mediated genetic transformation technology, we conducted molecular tagging of T. asperellum and monitored the colonization dynamics of T. asperellum in soil. The results of tracking five independent transformants of T. asperellum indicated that its expansion rates ranged from 4·7 to 6·8 cm week-1 . After inoculation in soil, the quantities of T. asperellum could be maintained at over 10 × 104 CFU per gram soil in the first year. In the third year after inoculation, the quantities of T. asperellum in soil were still higher than 1 × 103 CFU per gram soil. In addition, molecularly tagged T. asperellum in soil in the second year (i.e. 12 months) after inoculation could still reach the biocontrol effect on cucumber Rhizoctonia rot by more than 74%. CONCLUSION Trichoderma asperellum strain T4 is capable of effectively colonizing in soil and surviving for more than 1 year. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study has provided the scientific basis for applying T. asperellum as the biocontrol fungus for prevention and control of plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Q Xian
- School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong Province, China.,Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Shandong Province, China
| | - L Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Y-H Li
- School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong Province, China
| | - Y-N Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong Province, China
| | - S Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong Province, China.,Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Shandong Province, China.,Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Nie H, Zhang L, Zhuang H, Yang X, Qiu D, Zeng H. Secreted protein MoHrip2 is required for full virulence of Magnaporthe oryzae and modulation of rice immunity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6153-6167. [PMID: 31154490 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09937-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
MoHrip2, identified from Magnaporthe oryzae as an elicitor, can activate plant defense responses either in the form of recombinant protein in vitro or ectopic expressed protein in rice. However, its intrinsic function in the infective interaction of M. oryzae-rice is largely unknown. Here, we found that mohrip2 expression was significantly induced at stages of fungal penetration and colonization. Meanwhile, the induced MoHrip2 mainly accumulated in the rice apoplast by outlining the entire invasive hyphae during infection, and its secretion was via the conventional endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi pathway, demonstrating the nature of MoHrip2 as an apoplastic effector. What's more, the disease facilitating function of MoHrip2 was revealed by the significantly compromised virulence of Δmohrip2 mutants on rice seedlings and even on the wounded rice leaves. Inoculations of these mutant strains on rice leaf sheaths showed a reduction in penetration and subsequent expansion of fungal growth, which is probably due to activated host immunity including the expression of certain defense-related genes and the production of certain phytoalexins. Altogether, these results demonstrated the necessity of MoHrip2 in suppression of host immunity and the full virulence of M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Nie
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huiqian Zhuang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiufen Yang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dewen Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Zhang H, Ji S, Guo R, Zhou C, Wang Y, Fan H, Liu Z. Hydrophobin HFBII-4 from Trichoderma asperellum induces antifungal resistance in poplar. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:603-612. [PMID: 30982213 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the class II hydrophobin gene HFBII-4 was cloned from the biocontrol agent Trichoderma asperellum ACCC30536 and recombinant rHFBII-4 was expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. Treatment of Populus davidiana × P. alba var. pyramidalis (PdPap poplar) with rHFBII-4 altered the expression levels of genes in the auxin, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) signal transduction pathways. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) enzyme activities were induced with rHFBII-4. Evans Blue and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) staining indicated that cell membrane permeability and reactive oxygen species were lower in the leaves of plants treated with rHFBII-4. The chlorophyll content was higher than that of control at 2-5 days after treatment. Furthermore, poplar seedlings were inoculated with Alternaria alternata, disease symptoms were observed. The diseased area was smaller in leaves induced with rHFBII-4 compared with control. In summary, rHFBII-4 enhances resistance to A. alternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shida Ji
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ruiting Guo
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Haijuan Fan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
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