1
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Dombrowsky CS, Happel D, Habermann J, Hofmann S, Otmi S, Cohen B, Kolmar H. A Conditionally Activated Cytosol-Penetrating Antibody for TME-Dependent Intracellular Cargo Delivery. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:37. [PMID: 38804305 PMCID: PMC11130931 DOI: 10.3390/antib13020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, therapeutic and diagnostic applications of antibodies are primarily limited to cell surface-exposed and extracellular proteins. However, research has been conducted on cell-penetrating peptides (CPP), as well as cytosol-penetrating antibodies, to overcome these limitations. In this context, a heparin sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-binding antibody was serendipitously discovered, which eventually localizes to the cytosol of target cells. Functional characterization revealed that the tested antibody has beneficial cytosol-penetrating capabilities and can deliver cargo proteins (up to 70 kDa) to the cytosol. To achieve tumor-specific cell targeting and cargo delivery through conditional activation of the cell-penetrating antibody in the tumor microenvironment, a single-chain Fc fragment (scFv) and a VL domain were isolated as masking units. Several in vitro assays demonstrated that fusing the masking protein with a cleavable linker to the cell penetration antibody results in the inactivation of antibody cell binding and internalization. Removal of the mask via MMP-9 protease cleavage, a protease that is frequently overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME), led to complete regeneration of binding and cytosol-penetrating capabilities. Masked and conditionally activated cytosol-penetrating antibodies have the potential to serve as a modular platform for delivering protein cargoes addressing intracellular targets in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Sophie Dombrowsky
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominic Happel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan Habermann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sasi Otmi
- Inter-Lab, a Subsidiary of Merck KGaA, South Industrial Area, Yavne 8122004, Israel
| | - Benny Cohen
- Inter-Lab, a Subsidiary of Merck KGaA, South Industrial Area, Yavne 8122004, Israel
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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2
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Hoang PT, Luong QXT, Ayun RQ, Lee Y, Oh KJ, Kim T, Lee TK, Lee S. A synergistic therapy against influenza virus A/H1N1/PR8 by a HA1 specific neutralizing single-domain V L and an RNA hydrolyzing scFv. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355599. [PMID: 38706966 PMCID: PMC11066198 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of anti-influenza drug-resistant strains poses a challenge for influenza therapy due to mutations in the virus's surface protein. Recently, there has been increasing interest in combination therapy consisting of two or more drugs as a potential alternative approach, aiming to enhance therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we investigated a novel synergistic therapy with a vertical effect using a single-domain VL-HA1-specific antibody against H1N1/PR8 and a horizontal effect using an RNA catalytic antibody with broad-spectrum influenza antiviral drug. We isolated a single-domain VL-HA1-specific (NVLH8) antibody binding to the virus particles showing a neutralizing activity against influenza virus A, specifically H1N1/PR8, as determined by the reduction in plaque number and lower viral HA protein expression in vitro. The neutralizing antibody likely prevented the viral entry, specifically at the viral genome-releasing step. Additionally, the 3D8 scFv hydrolyzed viral RNAs in the cytoplasm, including mRNA, vRNA, and cRNA in MDCK cells. The combined treatment of neutralizing antibodies for a vertical effect and 3D8 scFv for a horizontal effect produced a synergistic effect providing a novel approach against viral diseases when compared with a single treatment. Our results indicated that combining treatment, in particular two proteins exhibiting different mechanisms of action increased the antiviral activity against the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thi Hoang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Novelgen Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Quynh Xuan Thi Luong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramadhani Qurrota Ayun
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjun Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ji Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Novelgen Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Novelgen Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Kyun Lee
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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3
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Shin HJ, Lee BK, Kang HA. Transdermal Properties of Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Applications and Skin Penetration Mechanisms. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1-16. [PMID: 38079575 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) consist of 5-30 amino acids with intracellular transduction abilities and diverse physicochemical properties, origins, and sequences. Although recent developments in bioinformatics have facilitated the prediction of CPP candidates with the potential for transduction into cells, the mechanisms by which CPPs penetrate cells and various tissues have not yet been elucidated at the molecular interaction level. Recently, the skin-penetrating ability of CPPs has gained wide attention and emerged as a simple and effective strategy for the delivery of macromolecules into the skin. Studies on the skin structure have suggested that the penetration potential of CPPs is based on the molecular interactions and characteristics of the lipid lamellar structure between corneocytes in the stratum corneum. This review provides a brief overview of the general properties, transduction mechanisms, applications, and safety issues of CPPs, focusing on CPPs with transdermal properties, that are currently being used to develop therapeutics and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Je Shin
- ProCell R&D Center, ProCell Therapeutics, Inc., #1009 Ace-Twin Tower II, 273, Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Kyu Lee
- ProCell R&D Center, ProCell Therapeutics, Inc., #1009 Ace-Twin Tower II, 273, Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08381, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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4
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Tiwari P, Shukla RP, Yadav K, Singh N, Marwaha D, Gautam S, Bakshi AK, Rai N, Kumar A, Sharma D, Mishra PR. Dacarbazine-primed carbon quantum dots coated with breast cancer cell-derived exosomes for improved breast cancer therapy. J Control Release 2024; 365:43-59. [PMID: 37935257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Imprecise targeting of chemotherapeutic drugs often leads to severe toxicity during breast cancer therapy. To address this issue, we have devised a strategy to load dacarbazine (DC) into fucose-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs), which are subsequently coated with exosomes (Ex-DC@CQDs) derived from breast cancer cells. Nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting revealed that Ex-DC@CQDs retained the structural and functional characteristics of exosomes. We found that exosomes facilitated the transport of DC@CQDs to cancer cells via heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) receptors, followed by an augmented depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS generation, and induction of apoptosis leading to cell death. In vivo imaging and pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated enhanced antitumor targeting and efficacy compared to free DC which we attribute to an improved pharmacokinetic profile, a greater tumor accumulation via exosome-mediated- HSPG receptor-driven cell uptake, and sustained release of the Ex-DC@CQDs. Our findings may pave the way for the further development of biologically sourced nanocarriers for breast cancer targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Tiwari
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Prakash Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Krishna Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Disha Marwaha
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Avijit Kumar Bakshi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Nikhil Rai
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, U.P., India.
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5
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Farrugia BL, Melrose J. The Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains and Modular Core Proteins of Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and the Varied Ways They Provide Tissue Protection by Regulating Physiological Processes and Cellular Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14101. [PMID: 37762403 PMCID: PMC10531531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the roles of HS-proteoglycans (HS-PGs) in general, and, in particular, perlecan and syndecan as representative examples and their interactive ligands, which regulate physiological processes and cellular behavior in health and disease. HS-PGs are essential for the functional properties of tissues both in development and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that occurs in response to trauma or disease. HS-PGs interact with a biodiverse range of chemokines, chemokine receptors, protease inhibitors, and growth factors in immune regulation, inflammation, ECM stabilization, and tissue protection. Some cell regulatory proteoglycan receptors are dually modified hybrid HS/CS proteoglycans (betaglycan, CD47). Neurexins provide synaptic stabilization, plasticity, and specificity of interaction, promoting neurotransduction, neurogenesis, and differentiation. Ternary complexes of glypican-1 and Robbo-Slit neuroregulatory proteins direct axonogenesis and neural network formation. Specific neurexin-neuroligin complexes stabilize synaptic interactions and neural activity. Disruption in these interactions leads to neurological deficits in disorders of functional cognitive decline. Interactions with HS-PGs also promote or inhibit tumor development. Thus, HS-PGs have complex and diverse regulatory roles in the physiological processes that regulate cellular behavior and the functional properties of normal and pathological tissues. Specialized HS-PGs, such as the neurexins, pikachurin, and Eyes-shut, provide synaptic stabilization and specificity of neural transduction and also stabilize the axenome primary cilium of phototoreceptors and ribbon synapse interactions with bipolar neurons of retinal neural networks, which are essential in ocular vision. Pikachurin and Eyes-Shut interactions with an α-dystroglycan stabilize the photoreceptor synapse. Novel regulatory roles for HS-PGs controlling cell behavior and tissue function are expected to continue to be uncovered in this fascinating class of proteoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School (Northern), University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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6
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Mardhekar S, Subramani B, Samudra P, Srikanth P, Mahida V, Bhoge PR, Toraskar S, Abraham NM, Kikkeri R. Sulfation of Heparan and Chondroitin Sulfate Ligands Enables Cell-Specific Homing of Nanoprobes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202622. [PMID: 36325647 PMCID: PMC7616003 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Demystifying the sulfation code of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) to induce precise homing of nanoparticles in tumor cells or neurons influences the development of a potential drug- or gene-delivery system. However, GAGs, particularly heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), are structurally highly heterogeneous, and synthesizing well-defined HS/CS composed nanoparticles is challenging. Here, we decipher how specific sulfation patterns on HS and CS regulate receptor-mediated homing of nanoprobes in primary and secondary cells. We discovered that aggressive cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231 displayed a strong uptake of GAG-nanoprobes compared to mild or moderately aggressive cancer cells. However, there was no selectivity towards the GAG sequences, thus indicating the presence of more than one form of receptor-mediated uptake. However, U87 cells, olfactory bulb, and hippocampal primary neurons showed selective or preferential uptake of CS-E-coated nanoprobes compared to other GAG-nanoprobes. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that the 4,6-O-disulfated-CS nanoprobe used the CD44 and caveolin-dependent endocytosis pathway for uptake. These results could lead to new opportunities to use GAG nanoprobes in nanomedicine.
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Grants
- SERB/F/9228/2019-2020 Department of Science and Technology , Ministry of Science and Technology New Delhi, India
- BT/PR34475/MED/15/210/2020 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
- SR/WOS-A/CS-72/2019 Department of Science and Technology , Ministry of Science and Technology New Delhi, India
- DST/CSRI/2017/271 Department of Science and Technology , Ministry of Science and Technology New Delhi, India
- IA/I/14/1/501306 DBT-Wellcome Trust India Alliance
- Wellcome Trust
- IA/I/14/1/501306 The Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance
- BT/PR21934/NNT/28/1242/2017 Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Mardhekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008 (India)
| | - Balamurugan Subramani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008 (India)
| | - Prasanna Samudra
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behaviour (LNCB), Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, (India)
| | - Priyadharshini Srikanth
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behaviour (LNCB), Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, (India)
| | - Virendrasinh Mahida
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008 (India)
| | - Preeti Ravindra Bhoge
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008 (India)
| | - Suraj Toraskar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008 (India)
| | - Nixon M. Abraham
- Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behaviour (LNCB), Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, (India)
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008 (India)
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7
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De Pasquale V, Esposito A, Scerra G, Scarcella M, Ciampa M, Luongo A, D’Alonzo D, Guaragna A, D’Agostino M, Pavone LM. N-Substituted l-Iminosugars for the Treatment of Sanfilippo Type B Syndrome. J Med Chem 2023; 66:1790-1808. [PMID: 36696678 PMCID: PMC9923752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Sanfilippo syndrome comprises a group of four genetic diseases due to the lack or decreased activity of enzymes involved in heparan sulfate (HS) catabolism. HS accumulation in lysosomes and other cellular compartments results in tissue and organ dysfunctions, leading to a wide range of clinical symptoms including severe neurodegeneration. To date, no approved treatments for Sanfilippo disease exist. Here, we report the ability of N-substituted l-iminosugars to significantly reduce substrate storage and lysosomal dysfunctions in Sanfilippo fibroblasts and in a neuronal cellular model of Sanfilippo B subtype. Particularly, we found that they increase the levels of defective α-N-acetylglucosaminidase and correct its proper sorting toward the lysosomal compartment. Furthermore, l-iminosugars reduce HS accumulation by downregulating protein levels of exostosin glycosyltransferases. These results highlight an interesting pharmacological potential of these glycomimetics in Sanfilippo syndrome, paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of such incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department
of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Esposito
- Department
of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Scerra
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Melania Scarcella
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariangela Ciampa
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Luongo
- AORN
Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano, Via F. Palasciano, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Daniele D’Alonzo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annalisa Guaragna
- Department
of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy,
| | - Massimo D’Agostino
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy,
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department
of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy,
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8
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Li YX, Wang N, Hasan MM, Pang HB. Co-administration of Transportan Peptide Enhances the Cellular Entry of Liposomes in the Bystander Manner Both In Vitro and In Vivo. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4123-4134. [PMID: 36070496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes have been widely used as a drug delivery vector. One way to further improve its therapeutic efficacy is to increase the cell entry efficiency. Covalent conjugation with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) and other types of ligands has been the mainstream strategy to tackle this issue. Although efficient, it requires additional chemical modifications on liposomes, which is undesirable for clinical translation. Our previous study showed that the transportan (TP) peptide, an amphiphilic CPP, was able to increase the cellular uptake of co-administered, but not covalently coupled, metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Termed bystander uptake, this process represents a simpler method to increase the cell entry of NPs without chemical modifications. Here, we extended our efforts to liposomes. Our results showed that co-administration with the TP peptide improved the internalization of liposome into a variety of cell lines in vitro. This effect was also observed in primary cells, ex vivo tumor slices, and in vivo tumor tissues. On the other hand, this peptide-assisted liposome internalization did not apply to cationic CPPs, which were the main inducers for bystander uptake in previous studies. We also found that TP-assisted bystander uptake of liposome is receptor dependent, and its activity is more sensitive to the inhibitors of the macropinocytosis pathway, underlining the potential cell entry mechanism. Overall, our study provides a simple strategy based on TP co-administration to increase the cell entry of liposomes, which may open up new avenues to apply TP peptides in nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nianwu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - M Mahadi Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hong-Bo Pang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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9
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A Novel Approach of Antiviral Drugs Targeting Viral Genomes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081552. [PMID: 36013970 PMCID: PMC9414836 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of viral diseases, which cause morbidity and mortality in animals and humans, are increasing annually worldwide. Vaccines, antiviral drugs, and antibody therapeutics are the most effective tools for combating viral infection. The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, in particular, raises an urgent need for the development of rapid and broad-spectrum therapeutics. Current antiviral drugs and antiviral antibodies, which are mostly specific at protein levels, have encountered difficulties because the rapid evolution of mutant viral strains resulted in drug resistance. Therefore, degrading viral genomes is considered a novel approach for developing antiviral drugs. The current article highlights all potent candidates that exhibit antiviral activity by digesting viral genomes such as RNases, RNA interference, interferon-stimulated genes 20, and CRISPR/Cas systems. Besides that, we introduce a potential single-chain variable fragment (scFv) that presents antiviral activity against various DNA and RNA viruses due to its unique nucleic acid hydrolyzing characteristic, promoting it as a promising candidate for broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics.
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10
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Kocurova G, Ricny J, Ovsepian SV. Autoantibodies targeting neuronal proteins as biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. Theranostics 2022; 12:3045-3056. [PMID: 35547759 PMCID: PMC9065204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.72126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are associated with the accumulation of a range of misfolded proteins across the central nervous system and related autoimmune responses, including the generation of antibodies and the activation of immune cells. Both innate and adaptive immunity become mobilized, leading to cellular and humoral effects. The role of humoral immunity in disease onset and progression remains to be elucidated with rising evidence suggestive of positive (protection, repair) and negative (injury, toxicity) outcomes. In this study, we review advances in research of neuron-targeting autoantibodies in the most prevalent NDDs. We discuss their biological origin, molecular diversity and changes in the course of diseases, consider their relevance to the initiation and progression of pathology as well as diagnostic and prognostic significance. It is suggested that the emerging autoimmune aspects of NDDs not only could facilitate the early detection but also might help to elucidate previously unknown facets of pathobiology with relevance to the development of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kocurova
- Experimental Neurobiology Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Ricny
- Experimental Neurobiology Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Saak V Ovsepian
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Greenwich London, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
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11
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Barakat S, Berksöz M, Zahedimaram P, Piepoli S, Erman B. Nanobodies as molecular imaging probes. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:260-275. [PMID: 35240292 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Camelidae derived single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), commonly known as nanobodies (Nbs), are the smallest antibody fragments with full antigen-binding capacity. Owing to their desirable properties such as small size, high specificity, strong affinity, excellent stability, and modularity, nanobodies are on their way to overtake conventional antibodies in terms of popularity. To date, a broad range of nanobodies have been generated against different molecular targets with applications spanning basic research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. In the field of molecular imaging, nanobody-based probes have emerged as a powerful tool. Radioactive or fluorescently labeled nanobodies are now used to detect and track many targets in different biological systems using imaging techniques. In this review, we provide an overview of the use of nanobodies as molecular probes. Additionally, we discuss current techniques for the generation, conjugation, and intracellular delivery of nanobodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Barakat
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Melike Berksöz
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Pegah Zahedimaram
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sofia Piepoli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bogazici University, 34342, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Batu Erman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bogazici University, 34342, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey.
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12
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Sonpho E, Mann FG, Levy M, Ross EJ, Guerrero-Hernández C, Florens L, Saraf A, Doddihal V, Ounjai P, Sánchez Alvarado A. Decellularization Enables Characterization and Functional Analysis of Extracellular Matrix in Planarian Regeneration. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100137. [PMID: 34416386 PMCID: PMC8503668 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a three-dimensional network of macromolecules that provides a microenvironment capable of supporting and regulating cell functions. However, only a few research organisms are available for the systematic dissection of the composition and functions of the ECM, particularly during regeneration. We utilized the free-living flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea to develop an integrative approach consisting of decellularization, proteomics, and RNAi to characterize and investigate ECM functions during tissue homeostasis and regeneration. ECM-enriched samples were isolated from planarians, and their proteomes were characterized by LC-MS/MS. The functions of identified ECM components were interrogated using RNA interference. Using this approach, we found that heparan sulfate proteoglycan is essential for tissue regeneration. Our strategy provides an experimental approach for identifying both known and novel ECM components involved in regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekasit Sonpho
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Frederick G Mann
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Michaella Levy
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Eric J Ross
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Laurence Florens
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Anita Saraf
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Viraj Doddihal
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Puey Ounjai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alejandro Sánchez Alvarado
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
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13
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Mitra D, Hasan MH, Bates JT, Bierdeman MA, Ederer DR, Parmar RC, Fassero LA, Liang Q, Qiu H, Tiwari V, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Sharp JS, Wang L, Tandon R. The degree of polymerization and sulfation patterns in heparan sulfate are critical determinants of cytomegalovirus entry into host cells. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009803. [PMID: 34352038 PMCID: PMC8384199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Several enveloped viruses, including herpesviruses attach to host cells by initially interacting with cell surface heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans followed by specific coreceptor engagement which culminates in virus-host membrane fusion and virus entry. Interfering with HS-herpesvirus interactions has long been known to result in significant reduction in virus infectivity indicating that HS play important roles in initiating virus entry. In this study, we provide a series of evidence to prove that specific sulfations as well as the degree of polymerization (dp) of HS govern human cytomegalovirus (CMV) binding and infection. First, purified CMV extracellular virions preferentially bind to sulfated longer chain HS on a glycoarray compared to a variety of unsulfated glycosaminoglycans including unsulfated shorter chain HS. Second, the fraction of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) displaying higher dp and sulfation has a larger impact on CMV titers compared to other fractions. Third, cell lines deficient in specific glucosaminyl sulfotransferases produce significantly reduced CMV titers compared to wild-type cells and virus entry is compromised in these mutant cells. Finally, purified glycoprotein B shows strong binding to heparin, and desulfated heparin analogs compete poorly with heparin for gB binding. Taken together, these results highlight the significance of HS chain length and sulfation patterns in CMV attachment and infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Mitra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Mohammad H. Hasan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - John T. Bates
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Bierdeman
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Dallas R. Ederer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Rinkuben C. Parmar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Lauren A. Fassero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Quntao Liang
- Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, United States of America
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, University of Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Vaibhav Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Joshua S. Sharp
- Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Lianchun Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ritesh Tandon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, United States of America
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14
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Tseng WB, Chou YS, Lu CZ, Madhu M, Lu CY, Tseng WL. Fluorescence sensing of heparin and heparin-like glycosaminoglycans by stabilizing intramolecular charge transfer state of dansyl acid-labeled AG73 peptides with glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 193:113522. [PMID: 34315066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sensors that can specifically and accurately detect glycosaminoglycans are rare. Here, a dual-mode platform for fluorescence intensity and lifetime sensing of plasma heparin and fluorescence imaging of heparan sulfate proteoglycan-expressed cancer cells was developed by stabilizing the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state of dansyl acid-labeling AG73 (DA-AG73) peptide with glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters (GSH-AuNCs). DA-AG73 peptides, including an electron-donor dimethylamino group and an electron-withdrawing sulfonamide moiety in the labeled DA molecules, emitted weak fluorescence due to the formation of the twisted ICT excited state. The complexation of heparin with DA-AG73 peptides followed by interacting with the GSH-AuNCs could restrict the rotation of the dimethylamino groups of the labeled DA molecules, triggering the transition from their twisted ICT state to ICT excited state. As a result, the fluorescence intensity and lifetime of the labeled DA molecules in DA-AG73 peptides were gradually enhanced with increasing the heparin concentration. The proposed platform provided excellent selectivity toward heparin and heparan sulfate and exhibited two linear calibration curves for quantifying 20-800 nM and 20-1000 nM heparin in the fluorescence intensity and lifetime modes, respectively. The proposed platform was practically applied for the fluorescence intensity and lifetime determination of plasma heparin and for the selective imaging of heparan sulfate proteoglycan-expressed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bin Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lien-hai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiuan Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lien-hai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Zong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lien-hai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Manivannan Madhu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lien-hai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lung Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lien-hai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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15
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Transportan Peptide Stimulates the Nanomaterial Internalization into Mammalian Cells in the Bystander Manner through Macropinocytosis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040552. [PMID: 33920021 PMCID: PMC8070997 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent coupling with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) has been a common strategy to facilitate the cell entry of nanomaterial and other macromolecules. Though efficient, this strategy requires chemical modifications on nanomaterials, which is not always desired for their applications. Recent studies on a few cationic CPPs have revealed that they can stimulate the cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) simply via co-administration (bystander manner), which bypasses the requirement of chemical modification. In this study, we investigated the other classes of CPPs and discovered that transportan (TP) peptide, an amphiphilic CPP, also exhibited such bystander activities. When simply co-administered, TP peptide enabled the cells to engulf a variety of NPs, as well as common solute tracers, while these payloads had little or no ability to enter the cells by themselves. This result was validated in vitro and ex vivo, and TP peptide showed no physical interaction with co-administered NPs (bystander cargo). We further explored the cell entry mechanism for TP peptide and its bystander cargo, and showed that it was mediated by a receptor-dependent macropinocytosis process. Together, our findings improve the understanding of TP-assisted cell entry, and open up a new avenue to apply this peptide for nanomaterial delivery.
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16
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Green SI, Gu Liu C, Yu X, Gibson S, Salmen W, Rajan A, Carter HE, Clark JR, Song X, Ramig RF, Trautner BW, Kaplan HB, Maresso AW. Targeting of Mammalian Glycans Enhances Phage Predation in the Gastrointestinal Tract. mBio 2021; 12:e03474-20. [PMID: 33563833 PMCID: PMC7885116 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03474-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal mucosal surface consists of a eukaryotic epithelium, a prokaryotic microbiota, and a carbohydrate-rich interface that separates them. In the gastrointestinal tract, the interaction of bacteriophages (phages) and their prokaryotic hosts influences the health of the mammalian host, especially colonization with invasive pathobionts. Antibiotics may be used, but they also kill protective commensals. Here, we report a novel phage whose lytic cycle is enhanced in intestinal environments. The tail fiber gene, whose protein product binds human heparan sulfated proteoglycans and localizes the phage to the epithelial cell surface, positions it near its bacterial host, a type of locational targeting mechanism. This finding offers the prospect of developing mucosal targeting phage to selectively remove invasive pathobiont species from mucosal surfaces.IMPORTANCE Invasive pathobionts or microbes capable of causing disease can reside deep within the mucosal epithelium of our gastrointestinal tract. Targeted effective antibacterial therapies are needed to combat these disease-causing organisms, many of which may be multidrug resistant. Here, we isolated a lytic bacteriophage (phage) that can localize to the epithelial surface by binding heparan sulfated glycans, positioning it near its host, Escherichia coli This targeted therapy can be used to selectively remove invasive pathobionts from the gastrointestinal tract, preventing the development of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina I Green
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carmen Gu Liu
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xue Yu
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shelley Gibson
- Department of Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wilhem Salmen
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anubama Rajan
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hannah E Carter
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Justin R Clark
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xuezheng Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert F Ramig
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Barbara W Trautner
- Michael E. Debakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Heidi B Kaplan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony W Maresso
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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17
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Endocytosis and Trafficking of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Unraveled with a Polycationic Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218282. [PMID: 33167372 PMCID: PMC7663799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) internalization has been described as following different pathways. The tumor-specific branched NT4 peptide has been demonstrated to bind HSPGs on the plasma membrane and to be internalized in tumor cell lines. The polycationic peptide has been also shown to impair migration of different cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D models. Our hypothesis was that HSPG endocytosis could affect two important phenomena of cancer development: cell migration and nourishment. Using NT4 as an experimental tool mimicking heparin-binding ligands, we studied endocytosis and trafficking of HSPGs in a triple-negative human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. The peptide entered cells employing caveolin- or clathrin-dependent endocytosis and macropinocytosis, in line with what is already known about HSPGs. NT4 then localized in early and late endosomes in a time-dependent manner. The peptide had a negative effect on CDC42-activation triggered by EGF. The effect can be explained if we consider NT4 a competitive inhibitor of EGF on HS that impairs the co-receptor activity of the proteoglycan, reducing EGFR activation. Reduction of the invasive migratory phenotype of MDA-MB-231 induced by NT4 can be ascribed to this effect. RhoA activation was damped by EGF in MDA-MB-231. Indeed, EGF reduced RhoA-GTP and NT4 did not interfere with this receptor-mediated signaling. On the other hand, the peptide alone determined a small but solid reduction in active RhoA in breast cancer cells. This result supports the observation of few other studies, showing direct activation of the GTPase through HSPG, not mediated by EGF/EGFR.
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18
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Habeler M, Lindner HH, Redl B. A role of heparan sulphate proteoglycan in the cellular uptake of lipocalins ß-lactoglobulin and allergen Fel d 4. Biol Chem 2020; 401:1081-1092. [PMID: 32229688 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lipocalins, small extracellular hydrophobic molecule carriers, can be internalized by a variety of different cells. However, to date receptors have only been identified for human lipocalins. Here, we specifically investigated uptake mechanisms for lipocalins ß-lactoglobulin and Fel d 4 in HeLa and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. We provide evidence that cell surface heparan sulphate proteoglycan is essential for internalization of these lipocalins. In HeLa cells, lipocalin uptake was inhibited by competition with soluble heparin, enzymatic digestion of cellular heparan sulphate by heparinase and inhibition of its biosynthesis by sodium chlorate. Biochemical studies by heparin affinity chromatography and colocalization studies further supported a role of heparan sulphate proteoglycan in lipocalin uptake. Finally, lipocalin uptake was blocked in CHO mutant cells defective in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis whereas in wild-type cells it was clearly detectable. Thus, cell surface heparan sulphate proteoglycan represents a novel component absolutely participating in the cellular uptake of some lipocalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Habeler
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innrain 80, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert H Lindner
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innrain 80, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Redl
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innrain 80, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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19
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Crapser JD, Ochaba J, Soni N, Reidling JC, Thompson LM, Green KN. Microglial depletion prevents extracellular matrix changes and striatal volume reduction in a model of Huntington's disease. Brain 2020; 143:266-288. [PMID: 31848580 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease is associated with a reactive microglial response and consequent inflammation. To address the role of these cells in disease pathogenesis, we depleted microglia from R6/2 mice, a rapidly progressing model of Huntington's disease marked by behavioural impairment, mutant huntingtin (mHTT) accumulation, and early death, through colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition (CSF1Ri) with pexidartinib (PLX3397) for the duration of disease. Although we observed an interferon gene signature in addition to downregulated neuritogenic and synaptic gene pathways with disease, overt inflammation was not evident by microglial morphology or cytokine transcript levels in R6/2 mice. Nonetheless, CSF1Ri-induced microglial elimination reduced or prevented disease-related grip strength and object recognition deficits, mHTT accumulation, astrogliosis, and striatal volume loss, the latter of which was not associated with reductions in cell number but with the extracellular accumulation of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs)-a primary component of glial scars. A concurrent loss of proteoglycan-containing perineuronal nets was also evident in R6/2 mice, and microglial elimination not only prevented this but also strikingly increased perineuronal nets in the brains of naïve littermates, suggesting a new role for microglia as homeostatic regulators of perineuronal net formation and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Crapser
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ochaba
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Neelakshi Soni
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jack C Reidling
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Leslie M Thompson
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.,Institute of Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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20
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Gordon RE, Nemeth JF, Singh S, Lingham RB, Grewal IS. Harnessing SLE Autoantibodies for Intracellular Delivery of Biologic Therapeutics. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:298-310. [PMID: 32807530 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of therapeutic antibodies is highly desirable but remains a challenge for biomedical research and the pharmaceutical industry. Approximately two-thirds of disease-associated targets are found inside the cell. Difficulty blocking these targets with available drugs creates a need for technology to deliver highly specific therapeutic antibodies intracellularly. Historically, antibodies have not been believed to traverse the cell membrane and neutralize intracellular targets. Emerging evidence has revealed that anti-DNA autoantibodies found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients can penetrate inside the cell. Harnessing this technology has the potential to accelerate the development of drugs against intracellular targets. Here, we dissect the mechanisms of the intracellular localization of SLE antibodies and discuss how to apply these insights to engineer successful cell-penetrating antibody drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata E Gordon
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Jennifer F Nemeth
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Sanjaya Singh
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Russell B Lingham
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Iqbal S Grewal
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA.
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21
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Seng C, Sharthiya H, Tiwari V, Fornaro M. Involvement of heparan sulfate during mouse cytomegalovirus infection in murine-derived immortalized neuronal cell line. Future Virol 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2019-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus infection cause of severe developmental disorders of the CNS. Aim: In this study, we utilized a differentiated mouse-derived hippocampal cell line (dHT22) to understand mouse CMV (MCMV) infection. Results: The expression of immediate early genes ( IE) 1 and 3 confirmed the time-dependent susceptibility of dHT22 cells to MCMV infection. MCMV infection alters the cellular distribution of heparan sulfate (HS). In addition, pretreatment with heparinase significantly reduces virus infectivity. Conclusion: The compartmentalization of HS in MCMV infected cells suggests multiple roles of HS in virus life cycle ranging from viral entry to viral transport and cellular remodeling. An enzymatic heparinase assay confirmed that HS is critical for viral entry and trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanmoly Seng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Graduate Studies & Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Harsh Sharthiya
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies & Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Vaibhav Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Graduate Studies & Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Department of Anatomy, College of Graduate Studies & Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
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22
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Lin Y, Mao F, Wong NK, Zhang X, Liu K, Huang M, Ma H, Xiang Z, Li J, Xiao S, Zhang Y, Yu Z. Phagocyte Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans (HSPGs) as Major Regulators in Anti-bacterial Defense of Crassostrea hongkongensis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:416. [PMID: 32265912 PMCID: PMC7103635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invertebrates generally lack adaptive immunity and compensate for this with highly efficient innate immune machineries such as phagocytosis by hemocytes to eradicate invading pathogens. However, how extrinsically cued hemocytes marshal internal signals to accomplish phagocytosis is not yet fully understood. To this end, we established a facile magnetic cell sorting method to enrich professional phagocytes from hemocytes of the Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis), an ecologically and commercially valuable marine invertebrate. Transcriptomic analysis on presorted cells shows that phagocytes maintain a remarkable array of differentially expressed genes that distinguish them from non-phagocytes, including 352 significantly upregulated genes and 479 downregulated genes. Pathway annotations reveal that focal adhesion and extracellular matrix–receptor interactions were the most conspicuously enriched pathways in phagocytes. Phagocytosis rate dramatically declined in the presence of an FAK inhibitor, confirming importance of the focal adhesion pathway in regulating phagocytosis. In addition, we also found that heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) families were lineage-specifically expanded in C. hongkongensis and abundantly expressed in phagocytes. Efficiency of phagocytosis and hemocytes aggregation was markedly reduced upon blockage of endogenous synthesis of HSPGs, thus implicating these proteins as key surface receptors in pathogen recognition and initiation of phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minwei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Shukla RP, Dewangan J, Urandur S, Banala VT, Diwedi M, Sharma S, Agrawal S, Rath SK, Trivedi R, Mishra PR. Multifunctional hybrid nanoconstructs facilitate intracellular localization of doxorubicin and genistein to enhance apoptotic and anti-angiogenic efficacy in breast adenocarcinoma. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1298-1315. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The progressive development of tumors leading to angiogenesis marks the advancement of cancer which requires specific targeted treatment preferably with combination chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Prakash Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Jayant Dewangan
- Division of Toxicology
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Sandeep Urandur
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Venkatesh Teja Banala
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Monika Diwedi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Sristi Agrawal
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | | | - Ritu Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow
- India
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24
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Wang X, Xia Y. Anti-double Stranded DNA Antibodies: Origin, Pathogenicity, and Targeted Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1667. [PMID: 31379858 PMCID: PMC6650533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by high-titer serological autoantibodies, including antibodies that bind to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The origin, specificity, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies have been studied from a wider perspective. These autoantibodies have been suggested to contribute to multiple end-organ injuries, especially to lupus nephritis, in patients with SLE. Moreover, serum levels of anti-DNA antibodies fluctuate with disease activity in patients with SLE. By directly binding to self-antigens or indirectly forming immune complexes, anti-dsDNA antibodies can accumulate in the glomerular and tubular basement membrane. These autoantibodies can also trigger the complement cascade, penetrate into living cells, modulate gene expression, and even induce profibrotic phenotypes of renal cells. In addition, the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 is reduced by anti-DNA antibodies simultaneously with upregulation of profibrotic genes. Anti-dsDNA antibodies may even participate in the pathogenesis of SLE by catalyzing hydrolysis of certain DNA molecules or peptides in cells. Recently, anti-dsDNA antibodies have been explored in greater depth as a therapeutic target in the management of SLE. A substantial amount of data indicates that blockade of pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibodies can prevent or even reverse organ damage in murine models of SLE. This review focuses on the recent research advances regarding the origin, specificity, classification, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies and highlights the emerging therapies associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Chandra N, Liu Y, Liu JX, Frängsmyr L, Wu N, Silva LM, Lindström M, Chai W, Pedrosa Domellöf F, Feizi T, Arnberg N. Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans as Viral Decoy Receptors for Human Adenovirus Type 37. Viruses 2019; 11:E247. [PMID: 30871026 PMCID: PMC6466042 DOI: 10.3390/v11030247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans on plasma membranes and in secretions play important roles in infection by many viruses. Species D human adenovirus type 37 (HAdV-D37) is a major cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and infects target cells by interacting with sialic acid (SA)-containing glycans via the fiber knob domain of the viral fiber protein. HAdV-D37 also interacts with sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), but the outcome of this interaction remains unknown. Here, we investigated the molecular requirements of HAdV-D37 fiber knob:GAG interactions using a GAG microarray and demonstrated that fiber knob interacts with a broad range of sulfated GAGs. These interactions were corroborated in cell-based assays and by surface plasmon resonance analysis. Removal of heparan sulfate (HS) and sulfate groups from human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells by heparinase III and sodium chlorate treatments, respectively, reduced HAdV-D37 binding to cells. Remarkably, removal of HS by heparinase III enhanced the virus infection. Our results suggest that interaction of HAdV-D37 with sulfated GAGs in secretions and on plasma membranes prevents/delays the virus binding to SA-containing receptors and inhibits subsequent infection. We also found abundant HS in the basement membrane of the human corneal epithelium, which may act as a barrier to sub-epithelial infection. Collectively, our findings provide novel insights into the role of GAGs as viral decoy receptors and highlight the therapeutic potential of GAGs and/or GAG-mimetics in HAdV-D37 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Chandra
- Section of Virology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Yan Liu
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Science, Ophthalmology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Lars Frängsmyr
- Section of Virology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Nian Wu
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Lisete M Silva
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Mona Lindström
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Science, Ophthalmology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Fatima Pedrosa Domellöf
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Science, Ophthalmology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Ten Feizi
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Niklas Arnberg
- Section of Virology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.
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26
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Li C, Wang Y, Liu T, Niklasch M, Qiao K, Durand S, Chen L, Liang M, Baumert TF, Tong S, Nassal M, Wen YM, Wang YX. An E. coli-produced single-chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting hepatitis B virus surface protein potently inhibited virion secretion. Antiviral Res 2019; 162:118-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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27
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Park H, Kim M, Seo Y, Ham Y, Cho MY, Kwon MH. Cytosolic Internalization of Anti-DNA Antibodies by Human Monocytes Induces Production of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Independently of the Tripartite Motif-Containing 21 (TRIM21)-Mediated Pathway. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2019. [PMID: 30233598 PMCID: PMC6131520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-DNA autoantibodies are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A subset of anti-DNA IgG autoantibodies is cell-internalizable; thus they can enter living cells in the form of free IgG. However, the contribution made by the Fc region of internalized free-form IgG to the cytokine response has not been studied, despite the recent discovery of tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21), a cytosolic Fc receptor involved in immune signaling. This study used an internalizable IgG anti-DNA antibody (3D8) to examine the cytokine responses of human monocytes to the Fc region of cytosolic free IgG. Internalization of 3D8 IgG and a 3D8 single-chain variable fragment-Fc (scFv-Fc) induced production of IL-8 and TNF-α via activation of NF-κB. By contrast, a 3D8 scFv (comprising variable domains alone) did not. This suggests Fc-dependent cytokine signaling. A 3D8 IgG-N434D mutant that is not recognized by TRIM21 induced greater production of cytokines than 3D8 IgG. Moreover the amounts of cytokines induced by 3D8 IgG in TRIM21-knockdown THP-1 cells were higher than those in control cells, indicating that cytokine signaling is not mediated by TRIM21. The results suggest the existence of a novel Fc-dependent signaling pathway that is activated upon internalization of IgG antibodies by human monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Minjae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Youngsil Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yeonkyoung Ham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mi-Young Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Ajou University, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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