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Thammasart S, Namchaiw P, Pasuwat K, Tonsomboon K, Khantachawana A. Neuroprotective Potential of Photobiomodulation Therapy: Mitigating Amyloid-Beta Accumulation and Modulating Acetylcholine Levels in an In Vitro Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024. [PMID: 39058735 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2024.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) at 660 and 810 nm on amyloid-beta (Aβ)42-induced toxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and to assess its impact on Aβ42 accumulation and cholinergic neurotransmission. Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of Aβ peptides, leading to neurodegeneration, cholinergic deficit, and cognitive decline. PBMT has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach to mitigate Aβ-induced toxicity and enhance cholinergic function. Methods: Differentiated neurons were treated with 1 μM Aβ42 for 1 day, followed by daily PBMT at wavelengths of 660 and 810 nm for 7 days. Treatments used LEDs emitting continuous wave light at a power density of 5 mW/cm2 for 10 min daily to achieve an energy density of 3 J/cm2. Results: Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells exhibited increased Aβ42 aggregation, neurite retraction, and reduced cell viability. PBMT at 810 nm significantly mitigated the Aβ42-induced toxicity in these cells, as evidenced by reduced Aβ42 aggregation, neurite retraction, and improved cell viability and neuronal morphology. Notably, this treatment also restored acetylcholine levels in the neurons exposed to Aβ42. Conclusions: PBMT at 810 nm effectively reduces Aβ42-induced toxicity and supports neuronal survival, highlighting its neuroprotective effects on cholinergic neurons. By shedding light on the impact of low-level light therapy on Aβ42 accumulation and cellular processes. These findings advocate for further research to elucidate the mechanisms of PBMT and validate its clinical relevance in AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriluk Thammasart
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poommaree Namchaiw
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
- Neuroscience Center for Research and Innovation, Learning Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kwanchanok Pasuwat
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khaow Tonsomboon
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Anak Khantachawana
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Shen Q, Guo H, Yan Y. Photobiomodulation for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1625. [PMID: 38338901 PMCID: PMC10855709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases involve the progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons in the central nervous system and thus present a significant challenge due to the absence of effective therapies for halting or reversing their progression. Based on the characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), which have prolonged incubation periods and protracted courses, exploring non-invasive physical therapy methods is essential for alleviating such diseases and ensuring that patients have an improved quality of life. Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses red and infrared light for therapeutic benefits and functions by stimulating, healing, regenerating, and protecting organizations at risk of injury, degradation, or death. Over the last two decades, PBM has gained widespread recognition as a non-invasive physical therapy method, showing efficacy in pain relief, anti-inflammatory responses, and tissue regeneration. Its application has expanded into the fields of neurology and psychiatry, where extensive research has been conducted. This paper presents a review and evaluation of studies investigating PBM in neurodegenerative diseases, with a specific emphasis on recent applications in AD and PD treatment for both animal and human subjects. Molecular mechanisms related to neuron damage and cognitive impairment are scrutinized, offering valuable insights into PBM's potential as a non-invasive therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (H.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Haoyun Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (H.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yihua Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; (H.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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3
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Sengupta U, Kayed R. Tau Oligomers as Pathogenic Seeds: Preparation, Characterization, and Propagation In Vitro and In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2754:147-183. [PMID: 38512666 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3629-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Tau oligomers have been shown to be the main toxic tau species in several neurodegenerative disorders. To study tau oligomers, we have developed reagents and established methods for the reliable preparation, isolation, and detection of tau oligomers as well as their seeding and propagation both in vitro and in vivo. Detailed below are methods for isolation of tau oligomers from brain tissues and detection of tau oligomers using tau oligomer-specific antibodies by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and biophysical methods. Further, methods for evaluating the biological activity of the tau oligomers including their effects on synaptic function, seeding, and propagation in cell models and in vivo are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmi Sengupta
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Departments of Neurology, and Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Departments of Neurology, and Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Thammasart S, Namchaiw P, Pasuwat K, Tonsomboon K, Khantachawana A. Attenuation Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity in neuronal cell by 660nm and 810nm LED light irradiation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283976. [PMID: 37478089 PMCID: PMC10361470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ1-42) has a close correlation with neurodegenerative disorder especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). It induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in neurons. Therefore, it is used to generate AD-like in vitro model for studying neurotoxicity and neuroprotection against amyloid-β. A low-level light therapy (LLLT) is a non-invasive method that has been used to treat several neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, the red wavelength (660nm) and near infrared wavelength (810nm) at energy densities of 1, 3, and 5 J/cm2 were used to modulate biochemical processes in the neural cells. The exposure of Aβ1-42 resulted in cell death, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and retracted neurite outgrowth. We showed that both of LLLT wavelengths could protect neurons form Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity in a biphasic manner. The treatment of LLLT at 3 J/cm2 potentially alleviated cell death and recovered neurite outgrowth. In addition, the treatment of LLLT following Aβ1-42 exposure could attenuate the intracellular ROS generation and Ca2+ influx. Interestingly, both wavelengths could induce minimal level of ROS generation. However, they did not affect cell viability. In addition, LLLT also stimulated Ca2+ influx, but not altered mitochondrial membrane potential. This finding indicated LLLT may protect neurons through the stimulation of secondary signaling messengers such as ROS and Ca2+. The increase of these secondary messengers was in a functional level and did not harmful to the cells. These results suggested the use of LLLT as a tool to modulate the neuronal toxicity following Aβ1-42 accumulation in AD's brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriluk Thammasart
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poommaree Namchaiw
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
- Neuroscience Center for Research and Innovation, Learning Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kwanchanok Pasuwat
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Khaow Tonsomboon
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Anak Khantachawana
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thung Kru, Bangkok, Thailand
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Light, Water, and Melatonin: The Synergistic Regulation of Phase Separation in Dementia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065835. [PMID: 36982909 PMCID: PMC10054283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The swift rise in acceptance of molecular principles defining phase separation by a broad array of scientific disciplines is shadowed by increasing discoveries linking phase separation to pathological aggregations associated with numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, that contribute to dementia. Phase separation is powered by multivalent macromolecular interactions. Importantly, the release of water molecules from protein hydration shells into bulk creates entropic gains that promote phase separation and the subsequent generation of insoluble cytotoxic aggregates that drive healthy brain cells into diseased states. Higher viscosity in interfacial waters and limited hydration in interiors of biomolecular condensates facilitate phase separation. Light, water, and melatonin constitute an ancient synergy that ensures adequate protein hydration to prevent aberrant phase separation. The 670 nm visible red wavelength found in sunlight and employed in photobiomodulation reduces interfacial and mitochondrial matrix viscosity to enhance ATP production via increasing ATP synthase motor efficiency. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that lowers viscosity to increase ATP by scavenging excess reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Reduced viscosity by light and melatonin elevates the availability of free water molecules that allow melatonin to adopt favorable conformations that enhance intrinsic features, including binding interactions with adenosine that reinforces the adenosine moiety effect of ATP responsible for preventing water removal that causes hydrophobic collapse and aggregation in phase separation. Precise recalibration of interspecies melatonin dosages that account for differences in metabolic rates and bioavailability will ensure the efficacious reinstatement of the once-powerful ancient synergy between light, water, and melatonin in a modern world.
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Phospholipase D1 Attenuation Therapeutics Promotes Resilience against Synaptotoxicity in 12-Month-Old 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Progressive Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043372. [PMID: 36834781 PMCID: PMC9967100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abrogating synaptotoxicity in age-related neurodegenerative disorders is an extremely promising area of research with significant neurotherapeutic implications in tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our studies using human clinical samples and mouse models demonstrated that aberrantly elevated phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is associated with amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau-driven synaptic dysfunction and underlying memory deficits. While knocking out the lipolytic PLD1 gene is not detrimental to survival across species, elevated expression is implicated in cancer, cardiovascular conditions and neuropathologies, leading to the successful development of well-tolerated mammalian PLD isoform-specific small molecule inhibitors. Here, we address the importance of PLD1 attenuation, achieved using repeated 1 mg/kg of VU0155069 (VU01) intraperitoneally every alternate day for a month in 3xTg-AD mice beginning only from ~11 months of age (with greater influence of tau-driven insults) compared to age-matched vehicle (0.9% saline)-injected siblings. A multimodal approach involving behavior, electrophysiology and biochemistry corroborate the impact of this pre-clinical therapeutic intervention. VU01 proved efficacious in preventing in later stage AD-like cognitive decline affecting perirhinal cortex-, hippocampal- and amygdala-dependent behaviors. Glutamate-dependent HFS-LTP and LFS-LTD improved. Dendritic spine morphology showed the preservation of mushroom and filamentous spine characteristics. Differential PLD1 immunofluorescence and co-localization with Aβ were noted.
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Tian Z, Wang P, Huang K, Yu J, Zhang M, Liu Y, Zhao H, Zhu B, Huang X, Tong Z. Photobiomodulation for Alzheimer's disease: photoelectric coupling effect on attenuating Aβ neurotoxicity. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:39. [PMID: 36633696 PMCID: PMC9837011 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03692-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia are the most worrying health problems faced by people globally today. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in the extracellular space (ECS) and intracellular tau tangles are well established, the developed medicines targeting these two proteins have not obtained the expected clinical effects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red light (RL) or near-infrared light (NIR) to serve as a noninvasive neuroprotective strategy for brain diseases. The present review discusses the mechanisms of the photoelectric coupling effect (light energy-induced special electronic transition-related alterations in protein structure) of PBM on reducing Aβ toxicity. On the one hand, RL or NIR can directly disassemble Aβ in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, formaldehyde (FA)-inhibited catalase (CAT) and H2O2-inactived formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) are formed a vicious circle in AD; however, light energy not only activates FDH to degrade excessive FA (which crosslinks Aβ monomer to form Aβ oligomers and senile plaques) but also sensitizes CAT to reduce hydrogen peroxide levels (H2O2, which can facilitate Aβ aggregation and enhance FA generation). In addition, it also activates mitochondrial cytochrome-c to produce ATP in the neurons. Clinical trials of phototherapeutics or oral coenzyme Q10 have shown positive effects in AD patients. Hence, a promising strategy combined PBM with nanopacked Q10 has been proposed to apply for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Mange Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yanming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Beilei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuerong Huang
- Department Neurology, Wenzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital 3, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Oujiang Laboratory, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Abstract
Although the cause(s) of Alzheimer's disease in the majority of cases remains elusive, it has long been associated with hypertension. In animal models of the disease, hypertension has been shown to exacerbate Alzheimer-like pathology and behavior, while in humans, hypertension during mid-life increases the risk of developing the disease later in life. Unfortunately, once individuals are diagnosed with the disease, there are few therapeutic options available. There is neither an effective symptomatic treatment, one that treats the debilitating cognitive and memory deficits, nor, more importantly, a neuroprotective treatment, one that stops the relentless progression of the pathology. Further, there is no specific preventative treatment that offsets the onset of the disease. A key factor or clue in this quest for an effective preventative and therapeutic treatment may lie in the contribution of hypertension to the disease. In this review, we explore the idea that photobiomodulation, the application of specific wavelengths of light onto body tissues, can reduce the neuropathology and behavioral deficits in Alzheimer's disease by controlling hypertension. We suggest that treatment with photobiomodulation can be an effective preventative and therapeutic option for this neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Valverde
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Fonds de dotation Clinatec, Grenoble, France
| | - John Mitrofanis
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Fonds de dotation Clinatec, Grenoble, France,
Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Correspondence to: John Mitrofanis, E-mail:
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Buendía D, Guncay T, Oyanedel M, Lemus M, Weinstein A, Ardiles ÁO, Marcos J, Fernandes A, Zângaro R, Muñoz P. The Transcranial Light Therapy Improves Synaptic Plasticity in the Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101272. [PMID: 36291206 PMCID: PMC9599908 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia worldwide. Emerging non-invasive treatments such as photobiomodulation target the mitochondria to minimize brain damage, improving cognitive functions. In this work, an experimental design was carried out to evaluate the effect of transcranial light therapy (TLTC) on synaptic plasticity (SP) and cognitive functions in an AD animal model. Twenty-three mice were separated into two general groups: an APP/PS1 (ALZ) transgenic group and a wild-type (WT) group. Each group was randomly subdivided into two subgroups: mice with and without TLTC, depending on whether they would undergo treatment with TLTC. Cognitive function, measured through an object recognition task, showed non-significant improvement after TLTC. SP, on the other hand, was evaluated using four electrophysiological parameters from the Schaffer-CA1 collateral hippocampal synapses: excitatory field potentials (fEPSP), paired pulse facilitation (PPF), long-term depression (LTD), and long-term potentiation (LTP). An improvement was observed in subjects treated with TLTC, showing higher levels of LTP than those transgenic mice that were not exposed to the treatment. Therefore, the results obtained in this work showed that TLTC could be an efficient non-invasive treatment for AD-associated SP deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Buendía
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi—UAM, Rua Casa do Ator, 294, Sao Paulo 04546-001, Brazil
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Centro de Inovação, Tecnología e Educação—CITÉ, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondesan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Guncay
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Macarena Oyanedel
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
| | - Makarena Lemus
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
| | - Alejandro Weinstein
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
| | - Álvaro O. Ardiles
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Viña del Mar 2540064, Chile
| | - José Marcos
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas y Veterinarias, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
| | - Adriana Fernandes
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi—UAM, Rua Casa do Ator, 294, Sao Paulo 04546-001, Brazil
- Centro de Inovação, Tecnología e Educação—CITÉ, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondesan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
| | - Renato Zângaro
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi—UAM, Rua Casa do Ator, 294, Sao Paulo 04546-001, Brazil
- Centro de Inovação, Tecnología e Educação—CITÉ, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondesan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (P.M.); Tel.: +55-12-997830843 (R.Z.); +56-969028160 (P.M.)
| | - Pablo Muñoz
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Viña del Mar 2540064, Chile
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Viña del Mar 2540064, Chile
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (P.M.); Tel.: +55-12-997830843 (R.Z.); +56-969028160 (P.M.)
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Kheradmand A, Donboli S, Tanjani PT, Farhadinasab A, Tabeie F, Qutbi M, Kordmir T. Therapeutic Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Cognitive Symptoms of Patients with Dementia: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:632-638. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kheradmand
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Donboli
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Taheri Tanjani
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Farhadinasab
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faraj Tabeie
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Qutbi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Kordmir
- Memory Clinic, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Moro C, Valverde A, Dole M, Hoh Kam J, Hamilton C, Liebert A, Bicknell B, Benabid AL, Magistretti P, Mitrofanis J. The effect of photobiomodulation on the brain during wakefulness and sleep. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:942536. [PMID: 35968381 PMCID: PMC9366035 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.942536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last seventy years or so, many previous studies have shown that photobiomodulation, the use of red to near infrared light on body tissues, can improve central and peripheral neuronal function and survival in both health and in disease. These improvements are thought to arise principally from an impact of photobiomodulation on mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial mechanisms in a range of different cell types, including neurones. This impact has downstream effects on many stimulatory and protective genes. An often-neglected feature of nearly all of these improvements is that they have been induced during the state of wakefulness. Recent studies have shown that when applied during the state of sleep, photobiomodulation can also be of benefit, but in a different way, by improving the flow of cerebrospinal fluid and the clearance of toxic waste-products from the brain. In this review, we consider the potential differential effects of photobiomodulation dependent on the state of arousal. We speculate that the effects of photobiomodulation is on different cells and systems depending on whether it is applied during wakefulness or sleep, that it may follow a circadian rhythm. We speculate further that the arousal-dependent photobiomodulation effects are mediated principally through a biophoton – ultra-weak light emission – network of communication and repair across the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Moro
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Audrey Valverde
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marjorie Dole
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jaimie Hoh Kam
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Ann Liebert
- Governance and Research Department, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian Bicknell
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Pierre Magistretti
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Mitrofanis
- FDD and CEA-LETI, Clinatec, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: John Mitrofanis,
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12
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Near-infrared light reduces glia activation and modulates neuroinflammation in the brains of diet-induced obese mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10848. [PMID: 35761012 PMCID: PMC9237037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14812-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key event in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and characterizes metabolic pathologies like obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Growing evidence in humans shows that obesity increases the risk of developing AD by threefold. Hippocampal neuroinflammation in rodents correlates with poor memory performance, suggesting that it contributes to cognitive decline. Here we propose that reducing obesity/T2D-driven neuroinflammation may prevent the progression of cognitive decline associated with AD-like neurodegenerative states. Near-infrared light (NIR) has attracted increasing attention as it was shown to improve learning and memory in both humans and animal models. We previously reported that transcranial NIR delivery reduced amyloid beta and Tau pathology and improved memory function in mouse models of AD. Here, we report the effects of NIR in preventing obesity-induced neuroinflammation in a diet-induced obese mouse model. Five-week-old wild-type mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 13 weeks to induce obesity prior to transcranial delivery of NIR for 4 weeks during 90-s sessions given 5 days a week. After sacrifice, brain slices were subjected to free-floating immunofluorescence for microglia and astrocyte markers to evaluate glial activation and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to evaluate expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The hippocampal and cortical regions of the HFD group had increased expression of the activated microglial marker CD68 and the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein. NIR-treated HFD groups showed decreased levels of these markers. PCR revealed that hippocampal tissue from the HFD group had increased levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. Interestingly, the same samples showed increased levels of the anti-inflammatory IL-10. All these changes were attenuated by NIR treatment. Lastly, hippocampal levels of the neurotrophic factor BDNF were increased in NIR-treated HFD mice, compared to untreated HFD mice. The marked reductions in glial activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines along with elevated BDNF provide insights into how NIR could reduce neuroinflammation. These results support the use of NIR as a potential non-invasive and preventive therapeutic approach against chronic obesity-induced deficits that are known to occur with AD neuropathology.
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13
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Petersen MH, Willert CW, Andersen JV, Madsen M, Waagepetersen HS, Skotte NH, Nørremølle A. Progressive Mitochondrial Dysfunction of Striatal Synapses in R6/2 Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease. J Huntingtons Dis 2022; 11:121-140. [PMID: 35311711 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-210518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by synaptic dysfunction and loss of white matter volume especially in the striatum of the basal ganglia and to a lesser extent in the cerebral cortex. Studies investigating heterogeneity between synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria have revealed a pronounced vulnerability of synaptic mitochondria, which may lead to synaptic dysfunction and loss. OBJECTIVE As mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of HD pathogenesis, we investigated synaptic mitochondrial function from striatum and cortex of the transgenic R6/2 mouse model of HD. METHODS We assessed mitochondrial volume, ROS production, and antioxidant levels as well as mitochondrial respiration at different pathological stages. RESULTS Our results reveal that striatal synaptic mitochondria are more severely affected by HD pathology than those of the cortex. Striatal synaptosomes of R6/2 mice displayed a reduction in mitochondrial mass coinciding with increased ROS production and antioxidants levels indicating prolonged oxidative stress. Furthermore, synaptosomal oxygen consumption rates were significantly increased during depolarizing conditions, which was accompanied by a marked increase in mitochondrial proton leak of the striatal synaptosomes, indicating synaptic mitochondrial stress. CONCLUSION Overall, our study provides new insight into the gradual changes of synaptic mitochondrial function in HD and suggests compensatory mitochondrial actions to maintain energy production in the HD brain, thereby supporting that mitochondrial dysfunction do indeed play a central role in early disease progression of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hvidberg Petersen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Velde Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Madsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Henning Skotte
- Proteomics Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Nørremølle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Monteiro F, Carvalho Ó, Sousa N, Silva FS, Sotiropoulos I. Photobiomodulation and visual stimulation against cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease pathology: A systematic review. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2022; 8:e12249. [DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Monteiro
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) Campus Azurém University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
| | - Óscar Carvalho
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) Campus Azurém University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- ICVS/3B's ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Medicine University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
| | - Filipe S. Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS) Campus Azurém University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory University of Minho Guimarães Portugal
| | - Ioannis Sotiropoulos
- ICVS/3B's ‐ PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Medicine University of Minho Campus de Gualtar Braga Portugal
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications NCSR Demokritos Athens Greece
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15
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Marcatti M, Fracassi A, Montalbano M, Natarajan C, Krishnan B, Kayed R, Taglialatela G. Aβ/tau oligomer interplay at human synapses supports shifting therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:222. [PMID: 35377002 PMCID: PMC8979934 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline due to accumulating synaptic insults by toxic oligomers of amyloid beta (AβO) and tau (TauO). There is growing consensus that preventing these oligomers from interacting with synapses might be an effective approach to treat AD. However, recent clinical trial failures suggest low effectiveness of targeting Aβ in late-stage AD. Researchers have redirected their attention toward TauO as the levels of this species increase later in disease pathogenesis. Here we show that AβO and TauO differentially target synapses and affect each other's binding dynamics. METHODS Binding of labeled, pre-formed Aβ and tau oligomers onto synaptosomes isolated from the hippocampus and frontal cortex of mouse and postmortem cognitively intact elderly human brains was evaluated using flow-cytometry and western blot analyses. Binding of labeled, pre-formed Aβ and tau oligomers onto mouse primary neurons was assessed using immunofluorescence assay. The synaptic dysfunction was measured by fluorescence analysis of single-synapse long-term potentiation (FASS-LTP) assay. RESULTS We demonstrated that higher TauO concentrations effectively outcompete AβO and become the prevailing synaptic-associated species. Conversely, high concentrations of AβO facilitate synaptic TauO recruitment. Immunofluorescence analyses of mouse primary cortical neurons confirmed differential synaptic binding dynamics of AβO and TauO. Moreover, in vivo experiments using old 3xTgAD mice ICV injected with either AβO or TauO fully supported these findings. Consistent with these observations, FASS-LTP analyses demonstrated that TauO-induced suppression of chemical LTP was exacerbated by AβO. Finally, predigestion with proteinase K abolished the ability of TauO to compete off AβO without affecting the ability of high AβO levels to increase synaptic TauO recruitment. Thus, unlike AβO, TauO effects on synaptosomes are hampered by the absence of protein substrate in the membrane. CONCLUSIONS These results introduce the concept that TauO become the main synaptotoxic species at late AD, thus supporting the hypothesis that TauO may be the most effective therapeutic target for clinically manifest AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Marcatti
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Anna Fracassi
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Mauro Montalbano
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Chandramouli Natarajan
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Balaji Krishnan
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
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16
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Zhang X, Wu W, Luo Y, Wang Z. Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy ameliorates perioperative neurocognitive disorder through modulation of mitochondrial function in aged mice. Neuroscience 2021; 490:236-249. [PMID: 34979260 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a serious nervous system complication characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, especially in geriatric population. However, the neuropathogenesis of PND is complex, and there are no approved disease-modifying therapeutic options. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been demonstrated to contribute to the occurrence and development of PND. Transcranial near-infrared (tNIR) light treatment helps to improve mitochondrial dysfunction and enhance cognition, but its effect on PND remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effect of tNIR light treatment on PND caused by anesthesia and surgery in aged mice. We built the PND models with 18-month C57BL/6 male mice by exploratory laparotomy under isoflurane inhalation anesthesia, and treated by tNIR light with wavelength 810 nm for 2 weeks. The short-term and long-term changes in cognitive function were analyzed by behavioral tests. We further explored the effects of tNIR light on mitochondria, synapses, neurons, and signaling pathways through different experimental methods. The results demonstrated that the cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction in PND mice were ameliorated after tNIR light treatment. Further experiments demonstrated that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) increased synapse-related protein expression, neuronal survival, and protected synapse from depletion. Moreover, downregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) were increased after tNIR light treatment. Our results suggested that tNIR light was an effective treatment of PND through PBMT effect, accompanied by synaptic and neuronal improvement. The improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway might participate in this process. Those findings might provide a novel and noninvasive therapeutic target for PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wensi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuelian Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Tao L, Liu Q, Zhang F, Fu Y, Zhu X, Weng X, Han H, Huang Y, Suo Y, Chen L, Gao X, Wei X. Microglia modulation with 1070-nm light attenuates Aβ burden and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:179. [PMID: 34493703 PMCID: PMC8423759 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation, by utilizing low-power light in the visible and near-infrared spectra to trigger biological responses in cells and tissues, has been considered as a possible therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD), while its specific mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that cognitive and memory impairment in an AD mouse model can be ameliorated by 1070-nm light via reducing cerebral β-amyloid (Aβ) burden, the hallmark of AD. The glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes, play important roles in Aβ clearance. Our results show that 1070-nm light pulsed at 10 Hz triggers microglia rather than astrocyte responses in AD mice. The 1070-nm light-induced microglia responses with alteration in morphology and increased colocalization with Aβ are sufficient to reduce Aβ load in AD mice. Moreover, 1070-nm light pulsed at 10 Hz can reduce perivascular microglia and promote angiogenesis to further enhance Aβ clearance. Our study confirms the important roles of microglia and cerebral vessels in the use of 1070-nm light for the treatment of AD mice and provides a framework for developing a novel therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lechan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Fuli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yuting Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaofu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hongbin Han
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Lab of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Device and Technique, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Zhejiang Brainhealth Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 314400, China
| | - Yuanzhen Suo
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Clinical Translational Research, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xunbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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18
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Lauterborn JC, Scaduto P, Cox CD, Schulmann A, Lynch G, Gall CM, Keene CD, Limon A. Increased excitatory to inhibitory synaptic ratio in parietal cortex samples from individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2603. [PMID: 33972518 PMCID: PMC8110554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic disturbances in excitatory to inhibitory (E/I) balance in forebrain circuits are thought to contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia, although direct evidence for such imbalance in humans is lacking. We assessed anatomical and electrophysiological synaptic E/I ratios in post-mortem parietal cortex samples from middle-aged individuals with AD (early-onset) or Down syndrome (DS) by fluorescence deconvolution tomography and microtransplantation of synaptic membranes. Both approaches revealed significantly elevated E/I ratios for AD, but not DS, versus controls. Gene expression studies in an independent AD cohort also demonstrated elevated E/I ratios in individuals with AD as compared to controls. These findings provide evidence of a marked pro-excitatory perturbation of synaptic E/I balance in AD parietal cortex, a region within the default mode network that is overly active in the disorder, and support the hypothesis that E/I imbalances disrupt cognition-related shifts in cortical activity which contribute to the intellectual decline in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Lauterborn
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Pietro Scaduto
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases. School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA
| | - Conor D Cox
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Anton Schulmann
- National Institute of Mental Health, Human Genetics Branch, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gary Lynch
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Christine M Gall
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Agenor Limon
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases. School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, USA.
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19
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Salehpour F, Khademi M, Hamblin MR. Photobiomodulation Therapy for Dementia: A Systematic Review of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:1431-1452. [PMID: 33935090 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation (PBM) involves the use of red and/or near-infrared light from lasers or LEDs to improve a wide range of medical disorders. Transcranial PBM, sometimes accompanied by intranasal PBM, has been tested to improve many brain disorders, including dementia. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines of pre-clinical and clinical studies reporting the use of PBM, which were considered relevant to dementia. METHODS Literature was searched between 1967 and 2020 using a range of keywords relevant to PBM and dementia. The light source and wavelength(s), output power, irradiance, irradiation time, fluence or total energy (dose), operation mode (continuous or pulsed) irradiation, approach and site, number of treatment sessions, as well as study outcome(s) were extracted. RESULTS Out of 10,473 initial articles, 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine articles reported in vitro studies, 17 articles reported studies in animal models of dementia, and 10 studies were conducted in dementia patients. All of the included studies reported positive results. The clinical studies were limited by the small number of patients, lack of placebo controls in some instances, and only a few used objective neuroimaging methods. CONCLUSION The preliminary evidence of clinical benefit, the lack of any adverse effects, and the remarkable ease of use, suggest larger clinical trials should be conducted as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Salehpour
- College for Light Medicine and Photobiomodulation, Starnberg, Germany.,ProNeuroLIGHT LLC, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mahsa Khademi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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20
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Chronic Low Dose Neutron Exposure Results in Altered Neurotransmission Properties of the Hippocampus-Prefrontal Cortex Axis in Both Mice and Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073668. [PMID: 33915974 PMCID: PMC8036585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The proposed deep space exploration to the moon and later to Mars will result in astronauts receiving significant chronic exposures to space radiation (SR). SR exposure results in multiple neurocognitive impairments. Recently, our cross-species (mouse/rat) studies reported impaired associative memory formation in both species following a chronic 6-month low dose exposure to a mixed field of neutrons (1 mGy/day for a total dose pf 18 cGy). In the present study, we report neutron exposure induced synaptic plasticity in the medial prefrontal cortex, accompanied by microglial activation and significant synaptic loss in the hippocampus. In a parallel study, neutron exposure was also found to alter fluorescence assisted single synaptosome LTP (FASS-LTP) in the hippocampus of rats, that may be related to a reduced ability to insert AMPAR into the post-synaptic membrane, which may arise from increased phosphorylation of the serine 845 residue of the GluA1 subunit. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time, that low dose chronic neutron irradiation impacts homeostatic synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal-cortical circuit in two rodent species, and that the ability to successfully encode associative recognition memory is a dynamic, multicircuit process, possibly involving compensatory changes in AMPAR density on the synaptic surface.
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21
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Fracassi A, Marcatti M, Zolochevska O, Tabor N, Woltjer R, Moreno S, Taglialatela G. Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Response in Frontal Cortex of Demented and Nondemented Individuals with Alzheimer's Neuropathology. J Neurosci 2021; 41:538-554. [PMID: 33239403 PMCID: PMC7821866 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0295-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration in the cerebral cortex, histopathologically hallmarked by amyloid β (Aβ) extracellular plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, constituted by hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Correlation between these pathologic features and dementia has been challenged by the emergence of "nondemented with Alzheimer's neuropathology" (NDAN) individuals, cognitively intact despite displaying pathologic features of AD. The existence of these subjects suggests that some unknown mechanisms are triggered to resist Aβ-mediated detrimental events. Aβ accumulation affects mitochondrial redox balance, increasing oxidative stress status, which in turn is proposed as a primary culprit in AD pathogenesis. To clarify the relationship linking Aβ, oxidative stress, and cognitive impairment, we performed a comparative study on AD, NDAN, and aged-matched human postmortem frontal cortices of either sex. We quantitatively analyzed immunofluorescence distribution of oxidative damage markers, and of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), PGC1α [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-coactivator 1α], PPARα, and catalase as key factors in antioxidant response, as well as the expression of miRNA-485, as a PGC1α upstream regulator. Our results confirm dramatic redox imbalance, associated with impaired antioxidant defenses in AD brain. By contrast, NDAN individuals display low oxidative damage, which is associated with high levels of scavenging systems, possibly resulting from a lack of PGC1α miRNA-485-related inhibition. Comparative analyses in neurons and astrocytes further highlighted cell-specific mechanisms to counteract redox imbalance. Overall, our data emphasize the importance of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of antioxidant response in AD. This suggests that an efficient PGC1α-dependent "safety mechanism" may prevent Aβ-mediated oxidative stress, supporting neuroprotective therapies aimed at ameliorating defects in antioxidant response pathways in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fracassi
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
| | - Michela Marcatti
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
| | - Olga Zolochevska
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
| | - Natalie Tabor
- Neuroscience Summer Undergraduate Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Randall Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
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22
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Ahmad F, Liu P. Synaptosome as a tool in Alzheimer's disease research. Brain Res 2020; 1746:147009. [PMID: 32659233 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Synapse dysfunction is an integral feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. In fact, prodromal manifestation of structural and functional deficits in synapses much prior to appearance of overt pathological hallmarks of the disease indicates that AD might be considered as a degenerative disorder of the synapses. Several research instruments and techniques have allowed us to study synaptic function and plasticity and their alterations in pathological conditions, such as AD. One such tool is the biochemically isolated preparations of detached and resealed synaptic terminals, the "synaptosomes". Because of the preservation of many of the physiological processes such as metabolic and enzymatic activities, synaptosomes have proved to be an indispensable ex vivo model system to study synapse physiology both when isolated from fresh or cryopreserved tissues, and from animal or human post-mortem tissues. This model system has been tremendously successful in the case of post-mortem tissues because of their accessibility relative to acute brain slices or cultures. The current review details the use of synaptosomes in AD research and its potential as a valuable tool in furthering our understanding of the pathogenesis and in devising and testing of therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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23
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Berman MH, Nichols TW. Treatment of Neurodegeneration: Integrating Photobiomodulation and Neurofeedback in Alzheimer's Dementia and Parkinson's: A Review. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 37:623-634. [PMID: 31647776 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: A review of photobiomodulation (PBM) in Alzheimer's dementia is submitted. The addition of PBM in neurodegenerative diseases is a dual modality that is at present gaining traction as it is safe, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory for treating neurodegeneration with photons that stimulate mitochondria increasing adenosine triphosphate and proteasomes increasing misfolded protein removal. Neurofeedback provides neural plasticity with an increase in brain-derived nerve factor mRNA and an increase in dendrite production and density in the hippocampus coupled with overall growth in dendrites, density, and neuronal survival. Background: Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology is the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein neurofibrillary tangles and subsequently amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques. PBM and neurobiofeedback (NBF)address the multiple gene expression and upregulation of multiple pathogenic pathway inflammation, reactive oxidative stress, mitochondrial disorders, insulin resistance, methylation defects, regulation of neuroprotective factors, and regional hypoperfusion of the brain. There is no human evidence to suggest a clinical therapeutic benefit from using consistent light sources while significantly increasing safety concerns. Methods: A PBM test with early- to mid-Alzheimer's was reported in 2017, consisting of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in a small pilot group of early- to mid-dementia subjects under Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Clinical Trial. Results: PBM-treated subjects showed that active treatment subjects tended to show greater improvement in the functioning of the executive: clock drawing, immediate recall, practical memory, and visual attention and task switching (Trails A&B). A larger study using the CerebroLite helmet in Temple Texas again of subjects in a double-blind, placebo-controlled IRB-approved FDA Clinical Trial demonstrated gain in memory and cognition by increased clock drawing. Conclusions: Next-generation trials with the Cognitolite for Parkinson's disease subjects will incorporate the insights regarding significant bilateral occipital hypocoherence deficits gained from the quantitative EEG analyses. Future applications will integrate noninvasive stimulation delivery, including full-body and transcranial and infrared light with pulsed electromagnetic frequencies.
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Wang M, Cao J, Amakye WK, Gong C, Li Q, Ren J. Mid infrared light treatment attenuates cognitive decline and alters the gut microbiota community in APP/PS1 mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:60-65. [PMID: 31831179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the first most neurodegenerative disease in the elderly still has no effective therapy, suggesting that the intervention toolbox for AD should be expanded. One newly developed strategy involves the use of photobiomodulation, such as near infrared or far infrared light, which has proven to attenuate AD-associated pathology. However, the efficacy of mid infrared light (MIR) in treating AD is under investigated. With this in mind, we assessed the benefits of MIR light of peak wavelength 7.7-10 μm treatment on APP/PS1 transgenic mice. We found that APP/PS1 mice treated with MIR light had improved learning and memory abilities and reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque load in the brain. We also surprisingly found that the gut microbiota composition in APP/PS1 mice treated with MIR light returned to normal (wild type mice) levels. Together, these findings suggested a novel non-invasive and promising avenue for AD treatment via photobiomodulation, and also proposed that future target for AD might be the gut microbiota via the brain-gut-skin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Jianing Cao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - William Kwame Amakye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Congcong Gong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Qingyong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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Suppressing aberrant phospholipase D1 signaling in 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mouse model promotes synaptic resilience. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18342. [PMID: 31797996 PMCID: PMC6892889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current approaches in treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is focused on early stages of cognitive decline. Identifying therapeutic targets that promote synaptic resilience during early stages may prevent progressive memory deficits by preserving memory mechanisms. We recently reported that the inducible isoform of phospholipase D (PLD1) was significantly increased in synaptosomes from post-mortem AD brains compared to age-matched controls. Using mouse models, we reported that the aberrantly elevated neuronal PLD1 is key for oligomeric amyloid driven synaptic dysfunction and underlying memory deficits. Here, we demonstrate that chronic inhibition using a well-tolerated PLD1 specific small molecule inhibitor is sufficient to prevent the progression of synaptic dysfunction during early stages in the 3xTg-AD mouse model. Firstly, we report prevention of cognitive decline in the inhibitor-treated group using novel object recognition (NOR) and fear conditioning (FC). Secondly, we provide electrophysiological assessment of better synaptic function in the inhibitor-treated group. Lastly, using Golgi staining, we report that preservation of dendritic spine integrity as one of the mechanisms underlying the action of the small molecule inhibitor. Collectively, these studies provide evidence for inhibition of PLD1 as a potential therapeutic strategy in preventing progression of cognitive decline associated with AD and related dementia.
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Zolochevska O, Bjorklund N, Woltjer R, Wiktorowicz JE, Taglialatela G. Postsynaptic Proteome of Non-Demented Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 65:659-682. [PMID: 30103319 PMCID: PMC6130411 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Some individuals, here referred to as Non-Demented with Alzheimer’s Neuropathology (NDAN), retain their cognitive function despite the presence of amyloid plaques and tau tangles typical of symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In NDAN, unlike AD, toxic amyloid-β oligomers do not localize to the postsynaptic densities (PSDs). Synaptic resistance to amyloid-β in NDAN may thus enable these individuals to remain cognitively intact despite the AD-like pathology. The mechanism(s) responsible for this resistance remains unresolved and understanding such protective biological processes could reveal novel targets for the development of effective treatments for AD. The present study uses a proteomic approach to compare the hippocampal postsynaptic densities of NDAN, AD, and healthy age-matched persons to identify protein signatures characteristic for these groups. Subcellular fractionation followed by 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to analyze the PSDs. We describe fifteen proteins which comprise the unique proteomic signature of NDAN PSDs, thus setting them apart from control subjects and AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zolochevska
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole Bjorklund
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Randall Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - John E Wiktorowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Bittar A, Bhatt N, Hasan TF, Montalbano M, Puangmalai N, McAllen S, Ellsworth A, Carretero Murillo M, Taglialatela G, Lucke-Wold B, Logsdon A, Rosen C, Turner RC, Kayed R. Neurotoxic tau oligomers after single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Commun 2019; 1:fcz004. [PMID: 31608324 PMCID: PMC6777515 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury accounts for the majority of head injuries and has been correlated with neurodegeneration and dementia. While repetitive mild traumatic brain injury is highly correlated to neurodegeneration, the correlation of a single mild traumatic brain injury with neurodegeneration is still unclear. Because tau aggregates are the main form of mild traumatic brain injury induced pathology, toxic forms of tau protein most likely play a role in the development of post-mild traumatic brain injury neurodegeneration. Therefore, it becomes crucial to characterize the properties of soluble tau aggregates in single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Herein, we isolated tau oligomers from wild-type mice exposed to single or repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and characterized the tau aggregates at functional, biochemical and biophysical levels. We demonstrated that single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries frequencies lead to the formation of different tau oligomeric polymorphisms. These polymorphisms express different long-term potentiation impairment potencies, toxicity potentials, morphologies and strain indicating properties. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that soluble tau oligomers derived from single versus repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries form distinct polymorphisms that possibly correlate with the risk of neurodegeneration after mild traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Bittar
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | - Nemil Bhatt
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | - Tasneem F Hasan
- Department of Neurology, Ochsner Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Mauro Montalbano
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | - Nicha Puangmalai
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | - Salome McAllen
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | - Anna Ellsworth
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | | | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Aric Logsdon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Charles Rosen
- Central Illinois Neural Health Sciences, Bloomington, IL 61701, USA
| | - Ryan C Turner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Department of Neurology, The Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1045, USA
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Marino C, Krishnan B, Cappello F, Taglialatela G. Hsp60 Protects against Amyloid β Oligomer Synaptic Toxicity via Modification of Toxic Oligomer Conformation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2858-2867. [PMID: 31091411 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. While the etiology of AD remains uncertain, neurotoxic effects of amyloid beta oligomers (Aβo) on synaptic function, a well-established early event in AD, is an attractive area for the development of novel strategies to modify or cease the disease's progression. In this work, we tested the protective action of the mitochondrial chaperone Hsp60 against Aβo neurotoxicity, by determining the direct effect of Hsp60 in changing Aβo toxic conformations and thus reducing their dysfunctional synaptic binding and consequent suppression of long-term potentiation. Our data suggest that Hsp60 has a direct impact on Aβo, resulting in a reduction of cytotoxicity and rescue of Aβo-driven synaptic damage, thus proposing Hsp60 as an attractive therapeutic target candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Marino
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1045 United States
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Balaji Krishnan
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1045 United States
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1045 United States
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Micci MA, Krishnan B, Bishop E, Zhang WR, Guptarak J, Grant A, Zolochevska O, Tumurbaatar B, Franklin W, Marino C, Widen SG, Luthra A, Kernie SG, Taglialatela G. Hippocampal stem cells promotes synaptic resistance to the dysfunctional impact of amyloid beta oligomers via secreted exosomes. Mol Neurodegener 2019; 14:25. [PMID: 31200742 PMCID: PMC6570890 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-019-0322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and cogntive function. We reported that higher numbers of neural stem cells (NSC) in the hippocampus of cognitively-intact individuals with high Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (plaques and tangles) is associated with decreased synaptic amyloid beta oligomers (Aβο), an event linked to onset of dementia in AD. While these findings suggest a link between NSC and synaptic resistance to Aβο, the involved mechanism remains to be determined. With this goal in mind, here we investigated the ability of exosomes secreted from hippocampal NSC to promote synaptic resilience to Aβo. METHODS Exosomes isolated from media of hippocampus NSC (NSC-exo) or mature hippocampal neuronal (MN-exo) cultures were delivered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) to mice before assessment of Aβο-induced suppression of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory deficits. Aβο binding to synapses was assessed in cultured hippocampal neurons and on synaptosomes isolated from hippocampal slices from wild type mice and from an inducible mouse model of NSC ablation (Nestin-δ-HSV-TK mice) treated with exosomes. Expression of CaMKII and of AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptor subunits in synaptosomes was measured by western blot. Small RNA Deep sequencing was performed to identify microRNAs enriched in NSC-exo as compared to MN-exo. Mimics of select miRNAs were injected ICV. RESULTS NSC-exo, but not MN-exo, abolished Aβo-induced suppression of LTP and subsequent memory deficits. Furthermore, in hippocampal slices and cultured neurons, NSC-exo significantly decreased Aβo binding to the synapse. Similarly, transgenic ablation of endogenous NSC increased synaptic Aβo binding, which was reversed by exogenous NSC-exo. Phosphorylation of synaptic CaMKII was increased by NSC-exo, while AMPA and NMDA receptors were not affected. Lastly, we identified a set of miRNAs enriched in NSC-exo that, when injected ICV, protected the synapses from Aβo-binding and Aβo-induced LTP inhibition. CONCLUSIONS These results identify a novel mechanism linking NSC-exo and synaptic susceptibility to Aβo that may underscore cognitive resilience of certain individuals with increased neurogenesis in spite of AD neuropathology and unmask a novel target for the development of a new treatment concept for AD centered on promoting synaptic resilience to toxic amyloid proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Adelaide Micci
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Balaji Krishnan
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Elizabeth Bishop
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Wen-Ru Zhang
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Jutatip Guptarak
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Auston Grant
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Olga Zolochevska
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Batbayar Tumurbaatar
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Whitney Franklin
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Claudia Marino
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Steven G. Widen
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
| | - Arjun Luthra
- Pressent address: The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Steven G. Kernie
- Department of Pediatrics and Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA
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Franklin W, Krishnan B, Taglialatela G. Chronic synaptic insulin resistance after traumatic brain injury abolishes insulin protection from amyloid beta and tau oligomer-induced synaptic dysfunction. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8228. [PMID: 31160730 PMCID: PMC6546708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the mechanisms contributing to this increased risk are unknown. Insulin resistance is an additional risk factor for AD whereby decreased insulin signaling increases synaptic sensitivity to amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau. Considering this, we used rats that underwent a lateral fluid percussion injury at acute and chronic time-points to investigate whether decreased insulin responsiveness in TBI animals is playing a role in synaptic vulnerability to AD pathology. We detected acute and chronic decreases in insulin responsiveness in isolated hippocampal synaptosomes after TBI. In addition to assessing both Aβ and tau binding on synaptosomes, we performed electrophysiology to assess the dysfunctional impact of Aβ and tau oligomers as well as the protective effect of insulin. While we saw no difference in binding or degree of LTP inhibition by either Aβ or tau oligomers between sham and TBI animals, we found that insulin treatment was able to block oligomer-induced LTP inhibition in sham but not in TBI animals. Since insulin treatment has been discussed as a therapy for AD, this gives valuable insight into therapeutic implications of treating AD patients based on one's history of associated risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Franklin
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555, USA
| | - Balaji Krishnan
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555, USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, 77555, USA.
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Petersen MH, Willert CW, Andersen JV, Waagepetersen HS, Skotte NH, Nørremølle A. Functional Differences between Synaptic Mitochondria from the Striatum and the Cerebral Cortex. Neuroscience 2019; 406:432-443. [PMID: 30876983 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play a major role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In these and other neurodegenerative disorders, disruption of synaptic connectivity and impaired neuronal signaling are among the early signs. When looking for potential causes of neurodegeneration, specific attention is drawn to the function of synaptic mitochondria, as the energy supply from mitochondria is crucial for normal synaptic function. Mitochondrial heterogeneity between synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria has been described, but very little is known about possible differences between synaptic mitochondria from different brain regions. The striatum and the cerebral cortex are often affected in neurodegenerative disorders. In this study we therefore used isolated nerve terminals (synaptosomes) from female mice, striatum and cerebral cortex, to investigate differences in synaptic mitochondrial function between these two brain regions. We analyzed mitochondrial mass, citrate synthase activity, general metabolic activity and mitochondrial respiration in resting as well as veratridine-activated synaptosomes using glucose and/or pyruvate as substrate. We found higher mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate in both resting and activated cortical synaptosomes compared to striatal synaptosomes, especially when using pyruvate as a substrate. The higher oxygen consumption rate was not caused by differences in mitochondrial content, but instead corresponded with a higher proton leak in the cortical synaptic mitochondria compared to the striatal synaptic mitochondria. Our results show that the synaptic mitochondria of the striatum and cortex differently regulate respiration both in response to activation and variations in substrate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hvidberg Petersen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | | | - Jens Velde Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Henning Skotte
- Proteomics Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Anne Nørremølle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
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Kemper KJ. “Let there be light.” Research on phototherapy, light therapy, and photobiomodulation for healing – Alternative therapy becomes mainstream. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:A1-A6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Comerota MM, Tumurbaatar B, Krishnan B, Kayed R, Taglialatela G. Near Infrared Light Treatment Reduces Synaptic Levels of Toxic Tau Oligomers in Two Transgenic Mouse Models of Human Tauopathies. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3341-3355. [PMID: 30120733 PMCID: PMC6476871 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1248-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tau oligomers are emerging as a key contributor to the synaptic dysfunction that drives cognitive decline associated with the clinical manifestation and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Accordingly, there is ample consensus that interventions that target tau oligomers may slow or halt the progression of AD. With this ultimate goal in mind, in the present study, we investigated tau oligomer accumulation and its synaptic and behavioral consequences after an in vivo treatment with near infrared (NIR) light (600–1000 nm) in two transgenic mouse models, overexpressing human tau either alone (hTau mice) or in combination with amyloid beta (3xTgAD mice). We found that a 4-week exposure to NIR light (90 s/day/5 days a week) significantly reduced levels of endogenous total and oligomeric tau in both synaptosomes and total protein extracts from the hippocampus and cortex of hTau mice and improved deteriorating memory function. Similar results were observed in the 3xTgAD mice, which further displayed reduced synaptic Aβ after NIR light treatment. On the other hand, ex vivo binding of tau oligomers in isolated synaptosomes as well as tau oligomer-induced depression of long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices from NIR light-treated wt mice were unaffected. Finally, levels of proteins critically involved in two mechanisms associated with clearance of misfolded tau, inducible HSP70 and autophagy, were upregulated in NIR light treated mice. Collectively, these results show that NIR light decreases levels of endogenous toxic tau oligomers and alleviate associated memory deficits, thus furthering the development of NIR light as a possible therapeutic for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M Comerota
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1045, USA
| | - Batbayar Tumurbaatar
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1045, USA
| | - Balaji Krishnan
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1045, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1045, USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1045, USA.
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Krishnan B, Kayed R, Taglialatela G. Elevated phospholipase D isoform 1 in Alzheimer's disease patients' hippocampus: Relevance to synaptic dysfunction and memory deficits. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2018; 4:89-102. [PMID: 29560412 PMCID: PMC5857521 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Phospholipase D (PLD), a lipolytic enzyme that breaks down membrane phospholipids, is also involved in signaling mechanisms downstream of seven transmembrane receptors. Abnormally elevated levels of PLD activity are well-established in Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicating the two isoforms of mammalian phosphatidylcholine cleaving PLD (PC-PLD1 and PC-PLD2). Therefore, we took a systematic approach of investigating isoform-specific expression in human synaptosomes and further investigated the possibility of therapeutic intervention using preclinical studies. Methods Synaptosomal Western blot analyses on the postmortem human hippocampus, temporal cortex, and frontal cortex of AD patient brains/age-matched controls and the 3XTg-AD mice hippocampus (mouse model with overexpression of human amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1 gene, and microtubule-associated protein tau causing neuropathology progressing comparable to that in human AD patients) were used to detect the levels of neuronal PLD1 expression. Mouse hippocampal long-term potentiation of PLD1-dependent changes was studied using pharmacological approaches in ex vivo slice preparations from wild-type and transgenic mouse models. Finally, PLD1-dependent changes in novel object recognition memory were assessed following PLD1 inhibition. Results We observed elevated synaptosomal PLD1 in the hippocampus/temporal cortex from postmortem tissues of AD patients compared to age-matched controls and age-dependent hippocampal PLD1 increases in 3XTg-AD mice. PLD1 inhibition blocked effects of oligomeric amyloid β or toxic oligomeric tau species on high-frequency stimulation long-term potentiation and novel object recognition deficits in wild-type mice. Finally, PLD1 inhibition blocked long-term potentiation deficits normally observed in aging 3XTg-AD mice. Discussion Using human studies, we propose a novel role for PLD1-dependent signaling as a critical mechanism underlying oligomer-driven synaptic dysfunction and consequent memory disruption in AD. We, further, provide the first set of preclinical studies toward future therapeutics targeting PLD1 in slowing down/stopping the progression of AD-related memory deficits as a complementary approach to immunoscavenging clinical trials that are currently in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnan
- Corresponding author. Tel.: 409 772 8069; Fax: 409 747 0015.
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