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Han S, Jeong S, Ahn JC, Cho Y, Choi S, Park SJ, Kim KH, Lee G, Son JS, Park SM. Association of post-smoking cessation changes in fasting serum glucose with changes in predicted fatty liver score. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10300. [PMID: 37365204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Major post-cessation metabolic changes include weight gain and hyperglycemia. However, the association of post-cessation change in fasting serum glucose (FSG) with risk of fatty liver remains unclear. A total of 111,106 participants aged 40 and above who underwent health screening at least once in two examination periods were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. Fatty liver status was evaluated using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (K-NAFLD) score. Linear and logistic regression were used to calculate the adjusted mean (aMean) and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals. Compared to stable (aMean 0.10; 95% CI 0.03-0.18) and decline (aMean - 0.60; 95% CI - 0.71 to 0.49) groups, FSG elevation (aMean 1.28; 95% CI 1.16-1.39) was associated with higher K-NAFLD score even within different body mass index change groups. Risk of fatty liver was significantly reduced among participants with stable (aOR 0.38; 95% CI 0.31-0.45) and declined (aOR 0.17; 95% CI 0.13-0.22) FSG levels after smoking cessation compared to FSG elevation group. This study suggests that quitters with elevated FSG are associated with higher NAFLD risk and may benefit from careful monitoring of FSG levels and management of other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saemi Han
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Joseph C Ahn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyae Hyung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyeongsil Lee
- KS Health Link Inst. and Life Clinic, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
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Choi S, Chang J, Kim K, Kim SM, Koo HY, Cho MH, Cho IY, Lee H, Son JS, Park SM, Lee K. Association of smoking cessation after atrial fibrillation diagnosis on the risk of cardiovascular disease: a cohort study of South Korean men. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:168. [PMID: 32013964 PMCID: PMC6998101 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8275-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While smoking elevates the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, whether smoking cessation after AF diagnosis actually leads to reduced CVD risk is unclear. We aimed to determine the association of smoking cessation after AF diagnosis with subsequent CVD Risk among South Korean men. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 2372 newly diagnosed AF male patients during 2003-2012 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Self-reported smoking status within 2 years before and after diagnosis date were determined, after which the participants were divided into continual smokers, quitters (smokers who quit after AF diagnosis), sustained-ex smokers (those who quit prior to AF diagnosis), and never smokers. Participants were followed up from 2 years after AF diagnosis until 31 December 2015 for CVD. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) for CVD according to the change in smoking habits before and after AF diagnosis. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation, minimum-maximum) age of the study subjects was 62.5 (8.6, 41-89) years. Among AF patients, quitters had 35% reduced risk (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97) and never smokers had 32% reduced risk (aHR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.90) for CVD compared to continual smokers (p for trend 0.020). Similarly, compared to continual smokers, quitters had 41% risk-reduction (aHR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35-0.99) and never smokers 34% risk-reduction (aHR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46-0.93) for total stroke (p for trend 0.047). Quitters had 50% reduction (aHR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.94), sustained ex-smokers had 36% reduction (aHR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.99), and never smokers had 39% reduction (aHR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41-0.91) in ischemic stroke risk (p for trend 0.047). The risk-reducing effect of quitting on CVD risk tended to be preserved regardless of aspirin or warfarin use. CONCLUSIONS Smoking cessation after AF diagnosis was associated with reduced CVD, total stroke, and ischemic stroke risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyuwoong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Koo
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Mi Hee Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung C&T Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Young Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kiheon Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Association of serum metabolites with impaired fasting glucose/diabetes and traditional risk factors for metabolic disease in Chinese adults. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 487:60-65. [PMID: 30237081 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia has become a major health problem worldwide. We investigated the associations of serum metabolite levels with hyperglycemia (impaired fasting glucose/diabetes) and traditional risk factors for metabolic disease. METHODS A total of 563 Chinese adults were categorized into hyperglycemia and control groups. Associations of serum metabolites, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), aromatic amino acids (AAAs), glutamine (Gln), glutamic acid (Glu), Gln/Glu ratio, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), with hyperglycemia and traditional risk factors of metabolic disease were investigated using our targeted metabolomics method. RESULTS Participants with impaired fasting glucose or diabetes exhibited markedly lower levels of Gln/Glu and unsaturated LPC and higher levels of Glu and BCAAs. Gln/Glu ratio, unsaturated LPC, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were positively correlated with protective factors, while saturated LPC, BCAAs, AAAs, and Glu revealed close correlations with traditional risk factors. In the logistic regression, low Gln/Glu ratio and high BCAA level were independent risk factors for hyperglycemia; the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile were 0.499 (0.274-0.910) and 2.588 (1.313-5.102) (P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Gln/Glu ratio, BCAAs, and LPC were significantly related to hyperglycemia development and risk factors for metabolic disease.
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