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Li H, Song X, Gong H, Tong L, Zhou X, Wang Z, Fan T. Prediction of Optical Properties in Particulate Media Using Double Optimization of Dependent Scattering and Particle Distribution. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:287-294. [PMID: 38127791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The prediction of optical properties dominated by light scattering in particulate media composed of high-concentration and polydisperse particles is greatly important in various optical applications. However, the accuracy and efficiency of light propagation simulations are still limited by the huge computational burden and complex interactions between dense and polydisperse particles. Here, we proposed a new optimization strategy that can effectively and accurately predict optical properties based on Monte Carlo simulation with particle size and dependent scattering corrections. Both the scattering parameters of particles and the experimental reflectance spectrum are fully examined for verification. Furthermore, using the weighted solar reflectance of particulate media as a representative optical property, both numerical simulations and experiments confirm the superiority and universality of the proposed optimization approach in a variety of materials systems. Moreover, our work can guide the design of particulate media with specific optical features insightfully and will be applicable in many fields involving multiparticle scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaokun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhongyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tongxiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Guo L, Kruglyak L. Genetics and biology of coloration in reptiles: the curious case of the Lemon Frost geckos. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:479-486. [PMID: 37642275 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00015.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there are more than 10,000 reptile species, and reptiles have historically contributed to our understanding of biology, genetics research into class Reptilia has lagged compared with other animals. Here, we summarize recent progress in genetics of coloration in reptiles, with a focus on the leopard gecko, Eublepharis macularius. We highlight genetic approaches that have been used to examine variation in color and pattern formation in this species as well as to provide insights into mechanisms underlying skin cancer. We propose that their long breeding history in captivity makes leopard geckos one of the most promising emerging reptilian models for genetic studies. More broadly, technological advances in genetics, genomics, and gene editing may herald a golden era for studies of reptile biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhua Guo
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Geriatrics Center and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Leonid Kruglyak
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States
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Gao W, Chen Y. Emerging Materials and Strategies for Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206145. [PMID: 36604963 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the growing demands for energy saving and accompanying heat mitigation concerns, together with the vital goal for carbon neutrality, have drawn human attention to the zero-energy-consumption cooling technique. Recent breakthroughs in passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) might be a potent approach to combat the energy crisis and environmental challenges by directly dissipating ambient heat from the Earth to the cold outer space instead of only moving the heat across the Earth's surface. Despite significant progress in cooling mechanisms, materials design, and application exploration, PDRC faces potential functionalization, durability, and commercialization challenges. Herein, emerging materials and rational strategies for PDRC devices are reviewed. First, the fundamental physics and thermodynamic concepts of PDRC are examined, followed by a discussion on several categories of PDRC devices developed to date according to their implementation mechanism and material properties. Emerging strategies for performance enhancement and specific functions of PDRC are discussed in detail. Potential applications and possible directions for designing next-generation high-efficiency PDRC are also discussed. It is hoped that this review will contribute to exciting advances in PDRC and aid its potential applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yongping Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
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Ono M, Gonome H. Effect of air particle interfusion on radiative transfer in a cosmetic layer. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gonome H, Watanabe K, Nakamura K, Kono T, Yamada J. Lighting system bioinspired by Haworthia obtusa. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11246. [PMID: 32647164 PMCID: PMC7347891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Electricity plays an important role in modern societies, with lighting and illumination accounting for approximately one-fifth of the global demand for electricity. Haworthia obtusa has the remarkable ability to collect solar light through a so-called ‘window’ which allows it to photosynthesise in the dark. Inspired by this unique characteristic, we developed a novel lighting system that does not use electricity. The ‘window’ of H. obtusa is replicated using a scattering medium that collects solar light and guides it to an optical fibre. The optical fibre then carries the light indoors, where illumination is needed. The efficacy of this unique lighting system was confirmed both numerically and experimentally. The developed system should help in lowering energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Gonome
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan
| | - Kae Nakamura
- Department of Precision Machinery Engineering, Nihon University, 7-24-1 Narashinodai, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kono
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan
| | - Jun Yamada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8548, Japan
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Chen Y, Mandal J, Li W, Smith-Washington A, Tsai CC, Huang W, Shrestha S, Yu N, Han RPS, Cao A, Yang Y. Colored and paintable bilayer coatings with high solar-infrared reflectance for efficient cooling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz5413. [PMID: 32426464 PMCID: PMC7182418 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Solar reflective and thermally emissive surfaces offer a sustainable way to cool objects under sunlight. However, white or silvery reflectance of these surfaces does not satisfy the need for color. Here, we present a paintable bilayer coating that simultaneously achieves color and radiative cooling. The bilayer comprises a thin, visible-absorptive layer atop a nonabsorptive, solar-scattering underlayer. The top layer absorbs appropriate visible wavelengths to show specific colors, while the underlayer maximizes the reflection of near-to-short wavelength infrared (NSWIR) light to reduce solar heating. Consequently, the bilayer attains higher NSWIR reflectance (by 0.1 to 0.51) compared with commercial paint monolayers of the same color and stays cooler by as much as 3.0° to 15.6°C under strong sunlight. High NSWIR reflectance of 0.89 is realized in the blue bilayer. The performances show that the bilayer paint design can achieve both color and efficient radiative cooling in a simple, inexpensive, and scalable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Chen
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jyotirmoy Mandal
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wenxi Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ajani Smith-Washington
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sajan Shrestha
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (N.Y.)
| | - Ray P. S. Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (N.Y.)
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