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Chen X, Tu J, Yang M, Wang Y, Liu B, Qiu H, Yuan X. RUNX1-MUC13 Interaction Activates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Implications for Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:4999-5026. [PMID: 39309442 PMCID: PMC11414392 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.98396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, often characterized by late-stage metastasis and poor prognosis. The Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) plays a dual role as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor in various cancers, including CRC. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms of RUNX1 in CRC, particularly its direct roles, are not fully understood. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of RUNX1 in CRC progression and its interaction with Mucin 13 (MUC13) as a potential regulatory target. Methods: RUNX1 expression was analyzed in CRC tissues and cell lines compared to controls. In vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to assess the effects of RUNX1 overexpression and knockdown on cell behavior. ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analyses were performed to identify RUNX1 targets, with a focus on MUC13. Results: RUNX1 expression was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and cells, correlating with advanced pathological characteristics and poor patient outcomes. RUNX1 overexpression enhanced CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and G2/M phase arrest, while its knockdown had the opposite effects. MUC13 was identified as a direct transcriptional target of RUNX1, with its expression contributing to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Disruption of MUC13 partially reversed the malignant phenotypes induced by RUNX1. Conclusion: RUNX1 promotes CRC progression by upregulating MUC13 and activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This RUNX1-MUC13 axis represents a potential therapeutic target for managing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wang Q, Lu W, Lu L, Wu R, Wu D. miR-575/RIPK4 axis modulates cell cycle progression and proliferation by inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through inhibiting RUNX1 in colon cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1747-1766. [PMID: 38480605 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Receptor interacting protein serine/threonine kinase 4 (RIPK4) is widely involved in human cancer development. Nevertheless, its role in colon cancer (COAD) has not been elucidated till now. Our research aimed at exploring the function and underlying molecular mechanism of RIPK4 in COAD progression. Through bioinformatic analyses and RT-qPCR, RIPK4 was discovered to be increased in COAD cells and tissues, and its high level predicted poor prognosis. Loss-of-function assays revealed that RIPK4 silencing suppressed COAD cell growth, induced cell cycle arrest, and enhanced cell apoptosis. In vivo experiments also proved that tumor growth was inhibited by silencing of RIPK4. Luciferase reporter assay validated that RIPK4 was targeted and negatively regulated by miR-575. Western blotting demonstrated that Wnt3a, phosphorylated (p)-GSK-3β, and cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin protein levels, β-catenin nuclear translocation, and Cyclin D1, CDK4, Cyclin E, and c-Myc protein levels were reduced by RIPK4 knockdown, which however was reversed by treatment with LiCl, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator. LiCl also offset the influence of RIPK4 knockdown on COAD cell growth, cell cycle process, and apoptosis. Finally, RIPK4 downregulation reduced RUNX1 level, which was upregulated in COAD and its high level predicted poor prognosis. RIPK4 is positively associated with RUNX1 in COAD. Overexpressing RUNX1 antagonized the suppression of RIPK4 knockdown on RUNX1, Wnt3a, p-GSK-3β, cytoplasmic β-catenin, nuclear β-catenin, Cyclin D1, CDK4, Cyclin E, and c-Myc levels. Collectively, miR-575/RIPK4 axis repressed COAD progression via inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through downregulating RUNX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 16 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430079, China.
- Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430079, China.
- Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Weijun Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 16 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Li Lu
- Colorectal Cancer Clinical Research Center of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Ruopu Wu
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Dongde Wu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 16 Zhuodaoquan South Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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3
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Chen X, Wang L, Yang M, Zhao W, Tu J, Liu B, Yuan X. RUNX transcription factors: biological functions and implications in cancer. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:50. [PMID: 38430423 PMCID: PMC10908630 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factors (RUNX) are a family of transcription factors that are essential for normal and malignant hematopoietic processes. Their most widely recognized role in malignancy is to promote the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia. However, it is worth noting that during the last decade, studies of RUNX proteins in solid tumors have made considerable progress, suggesting that these proteins are directly involved in different stages of tumor development, including tumor initiation, progression, and invasion. RUNX proteins also play a role in tumor angiogenesis, the maintenance of tumor cell stemness, and resistance to antitumor drugs. These findings have led to the consideration of RUNX as a tumor biomarker. All RUNX proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of solid tumors, but the role of each RUNX protein in different tumors and the major signaling pathways involved are complicated by tumor heterogeneity and the interacting tumor microenvironment. Understanding how the dysregulation of RUNX in tumors affects normal biological processes is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which RUNX affects malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiheng Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingyao Tu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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4
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Letafati A, Mozhgani SH, Marjani A, Amiri A, Siami Z, Mohammaditabar M, Molaverdi G, Hedayatyaghoobi M. Decoding dysregulated angiogenesis in HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers compared to healthy individuals. Med Oncol 2023; 40:317. [PMID: 37792095 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first identified human retrovirus responsible for two significant diseases: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic carriers, a small percentage may develop ATLL or HAM/TSP. In tumorigenesis, a crucial process is angiogenesis, which involves the formation of new blood vessels. However, the precise mechanism of HTLV-1 associated angiogenesis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the gene regulation involved in the angiogenesis signaling pathway associated with HTLV-1 infection. The research enrolled 20 male participants, including asymptomatic carriers and healthy individuals. Blood samples were collected and screened using ELISA for HTLV-1 confirmation, and PCR was performed for both Tax and HBZ for validation. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were carried out, followed by RT-qPCR analysis targeting cellular genes involved in angiogenesis. Our findings indicate that gene expression related to angiogenesis was elevated in HTLV-1 ACs patients. However, the differences in gene expression of the analyzed genes, including HSP27, Paxillin, PDK1, PTEN, RAF1, SOS1, and VEGFR2 between ACs and healthy individuals were not statistically significant. This suggests that although angiogenesis-related genes may show increased expression in HTLV-1 infection, they might not be robust indicators of ATLL progression in asymptomatic carriers. The results of our study demonstrate that angiogenesis gene expression is altered in ACs of HTLV-1, indicating potential involvement of angiogenesis in the early stages before ATLL development. While we observed elevated angiogenesis gene expression in ACs, the lack of statistical significance between ACs and healthy individuals suggests that these gene markers may not be sufficient on their own to predict the development of ATLL in asymptomatic carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Marjani
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Amiri
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zeinab Siami
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Ghazale Molaverdi
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayatyaghoobi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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5
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Obata H, Ogawa M, Zalutsky MR. DNA Repair Inhibitors: Potential Targets and Partners for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1926. [PMID: 37514113 PMCID: PMC10384049 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review aims to explore the potential targets/partners for future targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) strategies, wherein cancer cells often are not killed effectively, despite receiving a high average tumor radiation dose. Here, we shall discuss the key factors in the cancer genome, especially those related to DNA damage response/repair and maintenance systems for escaping cell death in cancer cells. To overcome the current limitations of TRT effectiveness due to radiation/drug-tolerant cells and tumor heterogeneity, and to make TRT more effective, we propose that a promising strategy would be to target the DNA maintenance factors that are crucial for cancer survival. Considering their cancer-specific DNA damage response/repair ability and dysregulated transcription/epigenetic system, key factors such as PARP, ATM/ATR, amplified/overexpressed transcription factors, and DNA methyltransferases have the potential to be molecular targets for Auger electron therapy; moreover, their inhibition by non-radioactive molecules could be a partnering component for enhancing the therapeutic response of TRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honoka Obata
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Departments of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Mikako Ogawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Departments of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Mikami M, Masuda T, Kanatani T, Noura M, Umeda K, Hiramatsu H, Kubota H, Daifu T, Iwai A, Hattori EY, Furuichi K, Takasaki S, Tanaka S, Matsui Y, Matsuo H, Hirata M, Kataoka TR, Nakahata T, Kuwahara Y, Iehara T, Hosoi H, Imai Y, Takita J, Sugiyama H, Adachi S, Kamikubo Y. RUNX1-Survivin Axis Is a Novel Therapeutic Target for Malignant Rhabdoid Tumors. Mol Cells 2022; 45:886-895. [PMID: 36572559 PMCID: PMC9794559 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.2031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a highly aggressive pediatric malignancy with no effective therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a target for the development of novel molecule-targeting therapeutic agents. In this study, we report the importance of the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and RUNX1-Baculoviral IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis) Repeat-Containing 5 (BIRC5/survivin) axis in the proliferation of MRT cells, as it can be used as an ideal target for anti-tumor strategies. The mechanism of this reaction can be explained by the interaction of RUNX1 with the RUNX1-binding DNA sequence located in the survivin promoter and its positive regulation. Specific knockdown of RUNX1 led to decreased expression of survivin, which subsequently suppressed the proliferation of MRT cells in vitro and in vivo. We also found that our novel RUNX inhibitor, Chb-M, which switches off RUNX1 using alkylating agent-conjugated pyrrole-imidazole polyamides designed to specifically bind to consensus RUNX-binding sequences (5'-TGTGGT-3'), inhibited survivin expression in vivo. Taken together, we identified a novel interaction between RUNX1 and survivin in MRT. Therefore the negative regulation of RUNX1 activity may be a novel strategy for MRT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Mikami
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Masuda
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Takuya Kanatani
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Mina Noura
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Katsutsugu Umeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Hiramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Tomoo Daifu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Etsuko Yamamoto Hattori
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Kana Furuichi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Saho Takasaki
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Sunao Tanaka
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Yasuzumi Matsui
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Matsuo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsuki R. Kataoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tatsutoshi Nakahata
- Drug Discovery Technology Development Office, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Kuwahara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hajime Hosoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoichi Imai
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Souichi Adachi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8303, Japan
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7
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Matsui Y, Mineharu Y, Noguchi Y, Hattori EY, Kubota H, Hirata M, Miyamoto S, Sugiyama H, Arakawa Y, Kamikubo Y. Chlorambucil-conjugated PI-polyamides (Chb-M'), a transcription inhibitor of RUNX family, has an anti-tumor activity against SHH-type medulloblastoma with p53 mutation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 620:150-157. [PMID: 35792512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Malignancy of medulloblastoma depends on its molecular classification. Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)-type medulloblastoma with p53 mutation was recognized as one of the most aggressive types of tumors. We developed a novel drug, chlorambucil-conjugated PI-polyamides (Chb-M'), which was designed to compete with the RUNX consensus DNA-binding site. Chb-M' specifically recognizes this consensus sequence and alkylates it to inhibit the RUNX transcriptional activity. In-silico analysis showed all the RUNX families were upregulated in the SHH-type medulloblastoma. Thus, we tested the anti-tumor effects of Chb-M' in vitro and in vivo using Daoy cell lines, which belong to SHH with p53 mutation. Chb-M' inhibited tumor growth of Daoy cells by inducing apoptosis. The same inhibitory effect was also observed by knocking down of RUNX1 or RUNX2, but not RUNX3. Apoptosis array analysis showed that Chb-M' treatment induced phosphorylation of p53 serine 15 residues. In a subcutaneous tumor model, intratumoral injection of Chb-M' induced tumor growth retardation. Chb-M' mediated inhibition of RUNX1 and RUNX2 can be a novel therapeutic strategy for SHH-type medulloblastoma with p53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuzumi Matsui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yohei Mineharu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; Department of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuki Noguchi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Etsuko Yamamoto Hattori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto City, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Arakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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8
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Hattori EY, Masuda T, Mineharu Y, Mikami M, Terada Y, Matsui Y, Kubota H, Matsuo H, Hirata M, Kataoka TR, Nakahata T, Ikeda S, Miyamoto S, Sugiyama H, Arakawa Y, Kamikubo Y. A RUNX-targeted gene switch-off approach modulates the BIRC5/PIF1-p21 pathway and reduces glioblastoma growth in mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:939. [PMID: 36085167 PMCID: PMC9463152 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common adult brain tumour, representing a high degree of malignancy. Transcription factors such as RUNX1 are believed to be involved in the malignancy of glioblastoma. RUNX1 functions as an oncogene or tumour suppressor gene with diverse target genes. Details of the effects of RUNX1 on the acquisition of malignancy in glioblastoma remain unclear. Here, we show that RUNX1 downregulates p21 by enhancing expressions of BIRC5 and PIF1, conferring anti-apoptotic properties on glioblastoma. A gene switch-off therapy using alkylating agent-conjugated pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, designed to fit the RUNX1 DNA groove, decreased expression levels of BIRC5 and PIF1 and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via p21. The RUNX1-BIRC5/PIF1-p21 pathway appears to reflect refractory characteristics of glioblastoma and thus holds promise as a therapeutic target. RUNX gene switch-off therapy may represent a novel treatment for glioblastoma. Interfering with RUNX family proteins reduces glioblastoma growth in mice and reveals pathways involved in the maintenance of tumour growth.
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9
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Tuo Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Dai S, Liu K, Xia D, Wang J, Bi L. RUNX1 is a promising prognostic biomarker and related to immune infiltrates of cancer-associated fibroblasts in human cancers. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:523. [PMID: 35534796 PMCID: PMC9088136 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09632-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a vital regulator of mammalian expression. Despite multiple pieces of evidence indicating that dysregulation of RUNX1 is a common phenomenon in human cancers, there is no evidence from pan-cancer analysis. Methods We comprehensively investigated the effect of RUNX1 expression on tumor prognosis across human malignancies by analyzing multiple cancer-related databases, including Gent2, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), UALCAN, PrognoScan, cBioPortal, STRING, and Metascape. Results Bioinformatics data indicated that RUNX1 was overexpressed in most of these human malignancies and was significantly associated with the prognosis of patients with cancer. Immunohistochemical results showed that most cancer tissues were moderately positive for granular cytoplasm, and RUNX1 was expressed at a medium level in four types of tumors, including cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, and renal cancer. RUNX1 expression was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in 33 different cancers. Moreover, RUNX1 expression may influence patient prognosis by activating oncogenic signaling pathways in human cancers. Conclusion Our findings suggest that RUNX1 expression correlates with patient outcomes and immune infiltrate levels of CAFs in multiple tumors. Additionally, the increased level of RUNX1 was linked to the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways in human cancers, suggesting a potential role of RUNX1 among cancer therapeutic targets. These findings suggest that RUNX1 can function as a potential prognostic biomarker and reflect the levels of immune infiltrates of CAFs in human cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09632-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouting Tuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuxin Dai
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dian Xia
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinyou Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Liangkuan Bi
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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10
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Lin W, Wan X, Sun A, Zhou M, Chen X, Li Y, Wang Z, Huang H, Li H, Chen X, Hua J, Zha X. RUNX1/EGFR pathway contributes to STAT3 activation and tumor growth caused by hyperactivated mTORC1. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2021; 23:387-401. [PMID: 34853810 PMCID: PMC8605091 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of function of tuberous sclerosis complex 1 or 2 (TSC1 or TSC2) leads to the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Hyperactivated mTORC1 plays a critical role in tumor growth, but the underlying mechanism is still not completely elucidated. Here, by analyzing Tsc1- or Tsc2-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts, rat Tsc2-null ELT3 cells, and human cancer cells, we present evidence for the involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a downstream target of mTORC1 in tumor growth. We show that mTORC1 leads to increased EGFR expression through upregulation of runt-related transcriptional factor 1 (RUNX1). Knockdown of EGFR impairs proliferation and tumoral growth of Tsc-deficient cells, while overexpression of EGFR promotes the proliferation of the control cells. Moreover, the mTOR signaling pathway has been shown to be positively correlated with EGFR in human cancers. In addition, we demonstrated that EGFR enhances cell growth through activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). We conclude that activation of the RUNX1/EGFR/STAT3 signaling pathway contributes to tumorigenesis caused by hyperactivated mTORC1 and should be targeted for the treatment of mTORC1-related tumors, particularly TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China.,Department of Laboratory, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Anjiang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Zixi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hailiang Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hongwu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xianguo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Juan Hua
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaojun Zha
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
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11
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Han J, Yang Z, Zhao S, Zheng L, Tian Y, Lv Y. Circ_0027599 elevates RUNX1 expression via sponging miR-21-5p on gastric cancer progression. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13592. [PMID: 34032284 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence has shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) serve as vital regulators in tumour progression. In this study, we focused on the functions of circ_0027599 in gastric cancer (GC) progression. METHODS The levels of circ_0027599, runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mRNA and microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. The protein levels of RUNX1, E-Cadherin, vimentin and N-Cadherin were measured by Western blot assay. Cell viability, colony formation, metastasis and cell cycle process were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The interaction between circ_0027599 and miR-21-5p and the interaction between miR-21-5p and RUNX1 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The role of circ_0027599 in tumour growth in vivo was investigated by murine xenograft model assay. RESULTS Circ_0027599 and RUNX1 were downregulated in GC tissues and cells. Circ_0027599 level was associated with the overall survival of GC patients. Circ_0027599 or RUNX1 overexpression inhibited GC cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion and cell cycle process in vitro. For mechanism analysis, circ_0027599 positively regulated RUNX1 expression via functioning as the sponge for miR-21-5p. RUNX1 inhibition reversed circ_0027599 overexpression mediated malignant behaviours of GC cells. Moreover, circ_0027599 overexpression repressed tumour growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Circ_0027599 overexpression repressed GC progression via modulation of miR-21-5p/RUNX1 axis, which might illumine a novel therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Han
- The Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zixin Yang
- The Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- The Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Likang Zheng
- The Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanhua Tian
- The Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingqian Lv
- The Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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12
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Rada M, Kapelanski-Lamoureux A, Petrillo S, Tabariès S, Siegel P, Reynolds AR, Lazaris A, Metrakos P. Runt related transcription factor-1 plays a central role in vessel co-option of colorectal cancer liver metastases. Commun Biol 2021; 4:950. [PMID: 34376784 PMCID: PMC8355374 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) has two major histopathological growth patterns: angiogenic desmoplastic and non-angiogenic replacement. The replacement lesions obtain their blood supply through vessel co-option, wherein the cancer cells hijack pre-existing blood vessels of the surrounding liver tissue. Consequentially, anti-angiogenic therapies are less efficacious in CRCLM patients with replacement lesions. However, the mechanisms which drive vessel co-option in the replacement lesions are unknown. Here, we show that Runt Related Transcription Factor-1 (RUNX1) overexpression in the cancer cells of the replacement lesions drives cancer cell motility via ARP2/3 to achieve vessel co-option. Furthermore, overexpression of RUNX1 in the cancer cells is mediated by Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGFβ1) and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). Importantly, RUNX1 knockdown impaired the metastatic capability of colorectal cancer cells in vivo and induced the development of angiogenic lesions in liver. Our results confirm that RUNX1 may be a potential target to overcome vessel co-option in CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Rada
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie Petrillo
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Siegel
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Anthoula Lazaris
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Metrakos
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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13
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Expression patterns and prognostic value of RUNX genes in kidney cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14934. [PMID: 34294773 PMCID: PMC8298387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94294-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney cancer is the third most common malignancy of the urinary system, of which, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) accounts for the vast majority. Runt-related transcription factors (RUNX) are involved in multiple cellular functions. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of RUNX genes in kidney cancer remained to be elucidated. In our study, we mined the DNA methylation, transcriptional and survival data of RUNX genes in patients with different kinds of kidney cancer through Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, cBioPortal and LinkedOmics. We found that RUNX1 and RUNX3 were upregulated in KIRC tissues compared with those in normal tissues. The survival analysis results indicated a high transcription level of RUNX1 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in KIRC patients. Furthermore, KIRC tumor tissues had significantly lower levels of RUNX1 promoter methylation than that in paracancerous tissues, with decreased DNA methylation of RUNX1 notably associated with poor OS in KIRC. In conclusion, our results revealed that RUNX1 may be a potential therapeutic target for treating KIRC, and RUNX1 promoter methylation level shows promise as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, which laid a foundation for further study.
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14
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Liu K, Hu H, Jiang H, Zhang H, Gong S, Wei D, Yu Z. RUNX1 promotes MAPK signaling to increase tumor progression and metastasis via OPN in head and neck cancer. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:414-422. [PMID: 33175152 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression and metastasis are still major burdens for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is involved in aggressive phenotypes in several cancers, while the molecular role of RUNX1 underlying cancer progression and metastasis of HNSCC remains largely unknown. In our study, RUNX1 expression was increased with disease progression in patients with HNSCC. The silencing of RUNX1 significantly decelerated the malignant progression of HNSCC cells, reduced osteopontin (OPN) expression in vitro and weakened the tumorigenicity of HNSCC cells in vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that RUNX1 activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling by directly binding to the promoter of OPN in tumor progression and metastasis of HNSCC. Our results may provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying the role of RUNX1 in tumor progression and metastasis and reveal the potential therapeutic target in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiying Hu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanyu Jiang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanchun Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmin Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology (Shandong University), Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenkun Yu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Maeda R, Bando T, Sugiyama H. Application of DNA-Alkylating Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamides for Cancer Treatment. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1538-1545. [PMID: 33453075 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides, which target specific DNA sequences, have been studied as a class of DNA minor-groove-binding molecules. To investigate the potential of compounds for cancer treatment, PI polyamides were conjugated with DNA-alkylating agents, such as seco-CBI and chlorambucil. DNA-alkylating PI polyamides have attracted attention because of their sequence-specific alkylating activities, which contribute to reducing the severe side effects of current DNA-damaging drugs. Many of these types of conjugates have been developed as new candidates for anticancer drugs. Herein, we review recent progress into research on DNA-alkylating PI polyamides and their sequence-specific action on targets associated with cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Maeda
- Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8306, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Bando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiyacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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16
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Daifu T, Mikami M, Hiramatsu H, Iwai A, Umeda K, Noura M, Kubota H, Masuda T, Furuichi K, Takasaki S, Noguchi Y, Morita K, Bando T, Hirata M, Kataoka TR, Nakahata T, Kuwahara Y, Iehara T, Hosoi H, Takita J, Sugiyama H, Adachi S, Kamikubo Y. Suppression of malignant rhabdoid tumors through Chb-M'-mediated RUNX1 inhibition. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e28789. [PMID: 33180377 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare and highly aggressive pediatric malignancy primarily affecting infants and young children. Intensive multimodal therapies currently given to MRT patients are not sufficiently potent to control this highly malignant tumor. Therefore, additive or alternative therapy for these patients with a poor prognosis is necessary. We herein demonstrated that the inhibition of runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) by novel alkylating conjugated pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides, which specifically recognize and bind to RUNX-binding DNA sequences, was highly effective in the treatment of rhabdoid tumor cell lines in vitro as well as in an in vivo mouse model. Therefore, suppression of RUNX1 activity may be a novel strategy for MRT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoo Daifu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Mikami
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Hiramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutsugu Umeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mina Noura
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Masuda
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kana Furuichi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saho Takasaki
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Noguchi
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Morita
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Bando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuki R Kataoka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsutoshi Nakahata
- Drug Discovery Technology Development Office, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasumichi Kuwahara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Hosoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Souichi Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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17
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Delgado-Tirado S, Amarnani D, Zhao G, Rossin EJ, Eliott D, Miller JB, Greene WA, Ramos L, Arevalo-Alquichire S, Leyton-Cifuentes D, Gonzalez-Buendia L, Isaacs-Bernal D, Whitmore HAB, Chmielewska N, Duffy BV, Kim E, Wang HC, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Kim LA, Arboleda-Velasquez JF. Topical delivery of a small molecule RUNX1 transcription factor inhibitor for the treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20554. [PMID: 33257736 PMCID: PMC7705016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77254-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the leading cause of retinal detachment surgery failure. Despite significant advances in vitreoretinal surgery, it still remains without an effective prophylactic or therapeutic medical treatment. After ocular injury or retinal detachment, misplaced retinal cells undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) to form contractile membranes within the eye. We identified Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) as a gene highly expressed in surgically-removed human PVR specimens. RUNX1 upregulation was a hallmark of EMT in primary cultures derived from human PVR membranes (C-PVR). The inhibition of RUNX1 reduced proliferation of human C-PVR cells in vitro, and curbed growth of freshly isolated human PVR membranes in an explant assay. We formulated Ro5-3335, a lipophilic small molecule RUNX1 inhibitor, into a nanoemulsion that when administered topically curbed the progression of disease in a novel rabbit model of mild PVR developed using C-PVR cells. Mass spectrometry analysis detected 2.67 ng/mL of Ro5-3335 within the vitreous cavity after treatment. This work shows a critical role for RUNX1 in PVR and supports the feasibility of targeting RUNX1 within the eye for the treatment of an EMT-mediated condition using a topical ophthalmic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Delgado-Tirado
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Dhanesh Amarnani
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Guannan Zhao
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Rossin
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Dean Eliott
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - John B Miller
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Whitney A Greene
- Sensory Trauma Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, USA
| | - Leslie Ramos
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Said Arevalo-Alquichire
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Energy, Materials and Environment Group, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - David Leyton-Cifuentes
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Universidad EIA, Envigado, Colombia
| | - Lucia Gonzalez-Buendia
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Daniela Isaacs-Bernal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Energy, Materials and Environment Group, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia
| | - Hannah A B Whitmore
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Natalia Chmielewska
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Boston College, Boston, USA
| | - Brandon V Duffy
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard College, Cambridge, USA
| | - Eric Kim
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Heuy-Ching Wang
- Sensory Trauma Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, USA
| | - Jose M Ruiz-Moreno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Castilla La Mancha University, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Vissum Corporation, Alicante, Spain
| | - Leo A Kim
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Joseph F Arboleda-Velasquez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear and the Department of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Universidad EIA, Envigado, Colombia.
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18
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Chuang LSH, Osato M, Ito Y. The RUNX1 Enhancer Element eR1: A Versatile Marker for Adult Stem Cells. Mol Cells 2020; 43:121-125. [PMID: 31926544 PMCID: PMC7057835 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of adult stem cells is challenging because of the heterogeneity and plasticity of stem cells in different organs. Within the same tissue, stem cells may be highly proliferative, or maintained in a quiescent state and only to be activated after tissue damage. Although various stem cell markers have been successfully identified, there is no universal stem cell marker, which is exclusively expressed in all stem cells. Here, we discuss the roles of master developmental regulator RUNX1 in stem cells and the development of a 270 base pair fragment of the Runx1 enhancer (eR1) for use as stem cell marker. Using eR1 to identify stem cells offers a distinct advantage over gene promoters, which might not be expressed exclusively in stem cells. Moreover, RUNX1 has been strongly implicated in various cancer types, such as leukemia, breast, esophageal, prostate, oral, skin, and ovarian cancers?it has been suggested that RUNX1 dysfunction promotes stem cell dysfunction and proliferation. As tissue stem cells are potential candidates for cancer cells-of-origin and cancer stem cells, we will also discuss the use of eR1 to target oncogenic gene manipulations in stem cells and to track subsequent neoplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Shyue Huey Chuang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Motomi Osato
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Yoshiaki Ito
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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19
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Kamikubo Y. CROX (Cluster Regulation of RUNX) as a Potential Novel Therapeutic Approach. Mol Cells 2020; 43:198-202. [PMID: 31991534 PMCID: PMC7057841 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive inhibition of RUNX1, RUNX2, and RUNX3 led to marked cell suppression compared with inhibition of RUNX1 alone, clarifying that the RUNX family members are important for proliferation and maintenance of diverse cancers, and "cluster regulation of RUNX (CROX)" is a very effective strategy to suppress cancer cells. Recent studies reported by us and other groups suggested that wild-type RUNX1 is needed for survival and proliferation of certain types of leukemia, lung cancer, gastric cancer, etc. and for their one of metastatic target sites such as born marrow endothelial niche, suggesting that RUNX1 often functions oncogenic manners in cancer cells. In this review, we describe the significance and paradoxical requirement of RUNX1 tumor suppressor in leukemia and even solid cancers based on recent our findings such as "genetic compensation of RUNX family transcription factors (the compensation mechanism for the total level of RUNX family protein expression)", "RUNX1 inhibition-induced inhibitory effects on leukemia cells and on solid cancers through p53 activation", and "autonomous feedback loop of RUNX1-p53-CBFB in acute myeloid leukemia cells". Taken together, these findings identify a crucial role for the RUNX cluster in the maintenance and progression of cancers and suggest that modulation of the RUNX cluster using the pyrrole-imidazole polyamide gene-switch technology is a potential novel therapeutic approach to control cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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20
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Lie-a-ling M, Mevel R, Patel R, Blyth K, Baena E, Kouskoff V, Lacaud G. RUNX1 Dosage in Development and Cancer. Mol Cells 2020; 43:126-138. [PMID: 31991535 PMCID: PMC7057845 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor RUNX1 first came to prominence due to its involvement in the t(8;21) translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Since this discovery, RUNX1 has been shown to play important roles not only in leukemia but also in the ontogeny of the normal hematopoietic system. Although it is currently still challenging to fully assess the different parameters regulating RUNX1 dosage, it has become clear that the dose of RUNX1 can greatly affect both leukemia and normal hematopoietic development. It is also becoming evident that varying levels of RUNX1 expression can be used as markers of tumor progression not only in the hematopoietic system, but also in non-hematopoietic cancers. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the effects of RUNX1 dosage in normal development of both hematopoietic and epithelial tissues and their associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lie-a-ling
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, SK0 4TG, UK
| | - Renaud Mevel
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, SK0 4TG, UK
| | - Rahima Patel
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, SK0 4TG, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Esther Baena
- Cancer Research UK Prostate Oncobiology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, SK10 TG, UK
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Georges Lacaud
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Macclesfield, SK0 4TG, UK
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Yang ZY, Yang L, Xu CW, Wang XJ, Lei L. An insertion mutation of ERBB2 enhances breast cancer cell growth and confers resistance to lapatinib through AKT signaling pathway. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio.047662. [PMID: 31980423 PMCID: PMC6994922 DOI: 10.1242/bio.047662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, some breast cancer (BC) patients carry a rare ERBB2 in-frame insertion (p. Pro780_Tyr781insGlySerPro) and are resistant to anti-ERBB2 therapy. To explore the potential procarcinogenic role of this ERBB2 mutation, we conducted the present study using BC cells overexpressing wild-type (WT) ERBB2 or P780-Y781 ERBB2 [mutated (MT)]. MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were transfected with the following plasmids using a lentivirus system: negative control (ERBB2-NC), WT ERBB2 overexpression (ERBB2-WT), and P780-Y781 ERBB2 overexpression (ERBB2-MT). P780-Y781 ERBB2 conferred significant resistance to lapatinib, as assessed by cell viability and colony counts. Analysis of the cell cycle showed that the P780-Y781 ERBB2 group showed an elevated proportion of cells in S, G2, and M phases compared with WT ERBB2 when exposed to lapatinib. Following lapatinib treatment, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) was strongly upregulated in the P780-Y781 ERBB2 group. Among ERBB2+ patients, the P780-Y781 ERBB2 group showed increased levels of p-AKT. Furthermore, the AKT inhibitor perifosine effectively suppressed lapatinib resistance, as indicated by the lapatinib inhibition curve and results of the colony formation assay, and decreased AKT phosphorylation. Altogether, we discovered a procarcinogenic mutation of ERBB2 that enhances BC cell growth through AKT signaling and causes resistance to lapatinib. Patients with this in-frame insertion mutation of ERBB2 should be recommended other therapeutic strategies apart from ERBB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors, in particular lapatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yan Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Shanghai Dunlu Biomedical Technology Co. Ltd. Shanghai 201611, China
| | - Chun-Wei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University. No. 420, Fuma Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. No.1 Banshan East Street, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. No.1 Banshan East Street, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
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22
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Zhai T, Muhanhali D, Jia X, Wu Z, Cai Z, Ling Y. Identification of gene co-expression modules and hub genes associated with lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. Endocrine 2019; 66:573-584. [PMID: 31332712 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most prevalent histological type among thyroid cancers, and some patients are at a high risk for recurrent disease or even death. Identification for the potential biomarkers of PTC may contribute to early discovery of recurrence and treatment. In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we obtained the information of RNA sequence data and clinical characteristics of PTC. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to construct gene co-expression networks and investigate the relationship between modules and clinical traits. Finally, we constructed 16 co-expression modules in 10,428 genes, and three key modules (darkturquoise, lightyellow, and red) associated with tumor N grade were identified. The results of functional annotation indicated that the darkturquoise module was primarily enriched in the regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), collagen metabolism, and cell adhesion, the lightyellow module was primarily enriched in the mitochondrial function regulation and energy synthesis, and the red module was primarily enriched in the process of cell junction, apoptosis, and inflammatory response, suggesting their significant role in the progression of PTC. In addition, the hub genes in the three modules were identified and screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Relapse-free survival analyses found that 11 genes (KCNQ3, MET, FN1, ITGA3, RUNX1, ITGA2, PERP, GCSH, FAAH, NGFRAP1, and HSPA5) may play a pivotal role in PTC relapse. In general, our research revealed the key co-expression modules and identified several prognostic biomarkers, which provides some new insights into the lymph node metastasis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Dilidaer Muhanhali
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.1508 Longhang Road, 201500, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- The Graduate School of Fujian Medical University, 350108, FuZhou, China
| | - Zhenqin Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Chen K, Pan G. Dysregulation of microRNA-106a-5p-RUNX1 axis associates with clinical progression and prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152686. [PMID: 31711673 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-106a-5p (miR-106a-5p) functions as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma cells. Here, we aimed to identify novel target genes of miR-106a-5p in osteosarcoma, as well as to investigate their prognostic value and the biological functions. At first, the mammalian runt-related factor 1 (RUNX1) was identified as one of the target genes of miR-106a-5p in osteosarcoma cells by luciferase reporter gene assay, real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Then, the expression levels of miR-106a-5p and RUNX1 in osteosarcoma tissues were detected, and their associations with clinicopathological features and patients' prognosis were statistically analyzed. Compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues, miR-106a-5p and RUNX1 mRNA/protein expression in osteosarcoma tissues were significantly decreased and increased, respectively (all P < 0.01). Low miR-106a-5p, high RUNX1 and miR-106a-5p-low/RUNX1-high expression in osteosarcoma tissues were all significantly associated with advanced Enneking stage, positive metastasis and shorter overall survival (all P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-106a-5p and RUNX1 expression, alone or in combination, were identified as independent prognostic factors for osteosarcoma patients' overall survival. Functionally, the enforced expression of miR-106a-5p significantly suppressed proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, while the overexpression of RUNX1 effectively reversed its suppressive roles. In conclusion, our findings show the dysregulation of miR-106a-5p-RUNX1 axis in human osteosarcoma tissues and suggest its crucial roles in cancer progression and patients' prognosis. More interestingly, miR-106a-5p may function as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma cells via regulating its target gene RUNX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Medical Rescuing Center, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Guobiao Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310002, Zhejiang Province, China.
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24
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Fu Y, Sun S, Man X, Kong C. Increased expression of RUNX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma predicts poor prognosis. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7854. [PMID: 31592165 PMCID: PMC6778431 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) was previously reported to play a dual role in promoting or suppressing tumorigenesis in various malignancies. A public dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to evaluate the role of RUNX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the expression of RUNX1 in ccRCC tissues and normal tissues. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression were utilized to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological factors and RUNX1 expression. Additionally, we analysed the differences in prognosis between patients with high and low expression of RUNX1 via the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the mechanisms of RUNX1 in ccRCC. Results The expression of RUNX1 in ccRCC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. High expression of RUNX1 was significantly associated with gender (p = 0.003), clinical stage (p < 0.001), tissue infiltration (p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.037) and histological grade (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that high RUNX1 expression was significantly correlated with gender (OR = 1.71 for male vs. female, p = 0.004), histological grade (OR = 11.61 for grade IV vs. I, p < 0.001), clinical stage (OR = 1.55 for stage III/IV vs. I/II, p = 0.014) and tissue infiltration (OR = 1.54 for positive vs. negative, p = 0.018). Kaplan–Meier survival curves revealed that the prognosis of patients with ccRCC with high RUNX1 expression was worse than that of patients with ccRCC with low RUNX1 expression (p < 0.001). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that high RUNX1 expression was strongly correlated with poor prognosis (HR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.31–1.97], p < 0.001). In addition, high expression of RUNX1 was an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (OS), with an HR of 1.50 (95% CI [1.20–1.87], p < 0.001) in multivariate Cox analysis. GSEA showed that the apoptosis, B cell receptor signalling pathway, calcium signalling pathway, chemokine signalling pathway, JAK/STAT signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, p53 signalling pathway, pathways in cancer, T cell receptor signalling pathway, Toll-like receptor signalling pathway, VEGF signalling pathway, and Wnt signalling pathway were significantly enriched in the RUNX1 high-expression phenotype. In conclusion, RUNX1 can be used as a novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fu
- Departments of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Departments of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaojun Man
- Departments of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chuize Kong
- Departments of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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25
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Li Q, Lai Q, He C, Fang Y, Yan Q, Zhang Y, Wang X, Gu C, Wang Y, Ye L, Han L, Lin X, Chen J, Cai J, Li A, Liu S. RUNX1 promotes tumour metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and EMT in colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:334. [PMID: 31370857 PMCID: PMC6670220 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) plays the roles of an oncogene and an anti-oncogene in epithelial tumours, and abnormally elevated RUNX1 has been suggested to contribute to the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanism remains unclear. Methods The expression of RUNX1 in CRC and normal tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The effect of RUNX1 on CRC migration and invasion was conducted by functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation assay verified the direct regulation of RUNX1 on the promoter of the KIT, which leads to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Results RUNX1 expression is upregulated in CRC tissues. Upregulated RUNX1 promotes cell metastasis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, RUNX1 can activate Wnt/β-catenin signalling in CRC cells by directly interacting with β-catenin and targeting the promoter and enhancer regions of KIT to promote KIT transcription. These observations demonstrate that RUNX1 upregulation is a common event in CRC specimens and is closely correlated with cancer metastasis and that RUNX1 promotes EMT of CRC cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Moreover, RUNX1 is regulated by Wnt/β-catenin. Conclusion Our findings first demonstrate that RUNX1 promotes CRC metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and EMT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1330-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinke Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuncai Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangying Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Yu Z, Pandian GN, Hidaka T, Sugiyama H. Therapeutic gene regulation using pyrrole-imidazole polyamides. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 147:66-85. [PMID: 30742856 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent innovations in cutting-edge sequencing platforms have allowed the rapid identification of genes associated with communicable, noncommunicable and rare diseases. Exploitation of this collected biological information has facilitated the development of nonviral gene therapy strategies and the design of several proteins capable of editing specific DNA sequences for disease control. Small molecule-based targeted therapeutic approaches have gained increasing attention because of their suggested clinical benefits, ease of control and lower costs. Pyrrole-imidazole polyamides (PIPs) are a major class of DNA minor groove-binding small molecules that can be predesigned to recognize specific DNA sequences. This programmability of PIPs allows the on-demand design of artificial genetic switches and fluorescent probes. In this review, we detail the progress in the development of PIP-based designer ligands and their prospects as advanced DNA-based small-molecule drugs for therapeutic gene modulation.
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27
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RUNX family: Oncogenes or tumor suppressors (Review). Oncol Rep 2019; 42:3-19. [PMID: 31059069 PMCID: PMC6549079 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) proteins belong to a transcription factors family known as master regulators of important embryonic developmental programs. In the last decade, the whole family has been implicated in the regulation of different oncogenic processes and signaling pathways associated with cancer. Furthermore, a suppressor tumor function has been also reported, suggesting the RUNX family serves key role in all different types of cancer. In this review, the known biological characteristics, specific regulatory abilities and experimental evidence of RUNX proteins will be analyzed to demonstrate their oncogenic potential and tumor suppressor abilities during oncogenic processes, suggesting their importance as biomarkers of cancer. Additionally, the importance of continuing with the molecular studies of RUNX proteins' and its dual functions in cancer will be underlined in order to apply it in the future development of specific diagnostic methods and therapies against different types of cancer.
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28
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Freitas D, Campos D, Gomes J, Pinto F, Macedo JA, Matos R, Mereiter S, Pinto MT, Polónia A, Gartner F, Magalhães A, Reis CA. O-glycans truncation modulates gastric cancer cell signaling and transcription leading to a more aggressive phenotype. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:349-362. [PMID: 30662000 PMCID: PMC6413340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in glycosylation are known to play critical roles during gastric carcinogenesis. Expression of truncated O-glycans, such as the Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, is a common feature shared by many cancers and is associated with cancer aggressiveness and poor-prognosis. METHODS Glycoengineered cell lines were used to evaluate the impact of truncated O-glycans in cancer cell biology using in vitro functional assays, transcriptomic analysis and in vivo models. Tumor patients 'samples and datasets were used for clinical translational significance evaluation. FINDINGS In the present study, we demonstrated that gastric cancer cells expressing truncated O-glycans display major phenotypic alterations associated with higher cell motility and cell invasion. Noteworthy, the glycoengineered cancer cells overexpressing STn resulted in tumor xenografts with less cohesive features which had a critical impact on mice survival. Furthermore, truncation of O-glycans induced activation of EGFR and ErbB2 receptors and a transcriptomic signature switch of gastric cancer cells. The disclosed top activated genes were further validated in gastric tumors, revealing that SRPX2 and RUNX1 are concomitantly overexpressed in gastric carcinomas and its expression is associated with patients' poor-survival, highlighting their prognosis potential in clinical practice. INTERPRETATION This study discloses novel molecular links between O-glycans truncation frequently observed in cancer and key cellular regulators with major impact in tumor progression and patients' clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Freitas
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Joana Gomes
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Filipe Pinto
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Joana A Macedo
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Rita Matos
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Marta T Pinto
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - António Polónia
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gartner
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal; IPATIMUP -Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n.228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal.
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Liu J, Xiang C, Huang W, Mei J, Sun L, Ling Y, Wang C, Wang X, Dahlgren RA, Wang H. Neurotoxicological effects induced by up-regulation of miR-137 following triclosan exposure to zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 206:176-185. [PMID: 30496951 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a prevalent anthropogenic contaminant in aquatic environments and its chronic exposure can lead to a series of neurotoxic effects in zebrafish. Both qRT-PCR and W-ISH identified that TCS exposure resulted in significant up-regulation of miR-137, but downregulation of its regulatory genes (bcl11aa, MAPK6 and Runx1). These target genes are mainly associated with neurodevelopment and the MAPK signaling pathway, and showed especially high expression in the brain. After overexpression or knockdown treatments by manual intervention of miR-137, a series of abnormalities were induced, such as ventricular abnormality, bent spine, yolk cyst, closure of swim sac and venous sinus hemorrhage. The most sensitive larval toxicological endpoint from intervened miR-137 expression was impairment of the central nervous system (CNS), ventricular abnormalities and notochord curvature. Microinjection of microRNA mimics or inhibitors of miR-137 both caused zebrafish malformations. The posterior lateral line neuromasts became obscured and decreased in number in intervened miR-137 groups and TCS-exposure groups. Up-regulation of miR-137 led to more severe neurotoxic effects than its down-regulation. Behavioral observations demonstrated that both TCS exposure and miR-137 over-expression led to inhibited hearing or vision sensitivity. HE staining indicated that hearing and vision abnormalities induced by long-term TCS exposure originated from CNS injury, such as reduced glial cells and loose and hollow fiber structures. The findings of this study enhance our mechanistic understanding of neurotoxicity in aquatic animals in response to TCS exposure. These observations provide theoretical guidance for development of early intervention treatments for nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Chenyan Xiang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jingyi Mei
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yuhang Ling
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Randy A Dahlgren
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
| | - Huili Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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Co-expression profiling of plasma miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer patients. Gene 2018; 687:135-142. [PMID: 30447342 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recent researches indicate that differential non-coding RNAs expression signatures could be associated with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). However, there are few studies focused on lncRNA-miRNAs co-expression profiling in GC patients. Therefore, in the present study the expression of H19 and MEG3 and their related miRNAs including miR-148a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-675-5p and miR-141-3p were determined in the plasma samples of GC patients and controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study included 62 GC patients and 40 age- sex matched controls. The non-coding RNA levels were assessed by real-time PCR. Further, using in silico analysis, we identified shared targets of studied miRNAs and performed GC-associated pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that the H19 level was significantly (P = 0.008) elevated and MEG3 expression was significantly (P = 0.002) down-regulated in GC patients compared to healthy participants. Furthermore, it was revealed that the miR-675-5p level was increased, while miR-141-3p plasma levels were significantly reduced in GC patients (P < 0.05). We did not observe a significant difference for miR-148a-3p (P = 0.682) and miR-181a-5p (P = 0.098) expression between groups. In addition, the expression levels of H19, MEG3 and miR-148a-3p were associated with some clinicopathological features of patients (P < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed that a combination of H19, MEG3 and miR-675-5p levels able to discriminate controls and GC subjects with 88.87% sensitivity and 85% specificity (AUC, 0.927; 0.85-0.96 CI, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The results of current study demonstrated that combination of H19, MEG3 and miR-675-5p expression levels could provide a potential diagnostic panel for GC.
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Chandimali N, Jeong DK, Kwon T. Peroxiredoxin II Regulates Cancer Stem Cells and Stemness-Associated Properties of Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090305. [PMID: 30177619 PMCID: PMC6162743 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a sub-population of cancer cells with the ability to regulate stemness-associated properties which are specifically responsible for unlimited growth of cancers, generation of diverse cancer cells in differentiated state and resistance to existing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Even though, current therapies destroy majority of cancer cells, it is believed to leave CSCs without eradicating which may be the conceptualization for chemoresistance and radio-resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) maintain stem cells and regulate the stemness-associated properties of cancers. Beyond the maximum limit, ROS can damage cellular functions of cancers by subjecting them to oxidative stress. Thus, maintenance of ROS level plays an important role in cancers to regulate stemness-associated properties. Peroxiredoxin II (Prx II) is a member of peroxiredoxin antioxidant enzyme family which considers as a regulator of ROS in cellular environments by modulating redox status to maintain CSC phenotype and stemness properties. Prx II has cell type-dependent expression in various types of cancer cells and overexpression or silenced expression of Prx II in cancers is associated with stem cell phenotype and stemness-associated properties via activation or deactivation of various signaling pathways. In this review, we summarized available studies on Prx II expression in cancers and the mechanisms by which Prx II takes parts to regulate CSCs and stemness-associated properties. We further discussed the potential therapeutic effects of altering Prx II expression in cancers for better anticancer strategies by sensitizing cancer cells and stem cells to oxidative stress and inhibiting stemness-associated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Chandimali
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Dong Kee Jeong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
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