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Barbosa Dos Santos M, Koide Albuquerque N, Patroca da Silva S, Silva da Silva F, Damous Dias D, Brito Mendes S, Fernandes Souza Barbosa Coelho T, Barros MC, Ribeiro Cruz AC. A novel hantavirus identified in bats (Carollia perspicillata) in Brazil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6346. [PMID: 38491115 PMCID: PMC10943075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56808-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Bats play an essential role in maintaining ecosystems. Their unique characteristics increase the likelihood of interactions with various species, making them a potential source for the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. Hantaviruses are continuously expanding their range of hosts. This study presents the identification of a partial genome associated with Hantavirus in samples collected from neotropical bats. We conducted a metagenomic study using samples from Carollia perspicillata in Maranhão, Brazil. Tissue fragments were used for RNA extraction and subsequent sequencing. The resulting data was subjected to bioinformatic analysis. A sequence showing an identity of 72.86% with the L gene in the reference genome was obtained. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the study sequence, denoted as Buritiense, clustering within the Mobatvirus clade. The intragroup analysis showed a broader dispersion and were markedly asymmetric. This observation suggests the possibility that Buritiense could potentially represent a new species within the bat-borne hantaviruses, but further analyses are needed to provide additional insights if bats plays a role as reservoirs and the potential for transmission to human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Barbosa Dos Santos
- Arbovirology and Hemorragic Fever Department, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | | | - Sandro Patroca da Silva
- Arbovirology and Hemorragic Fever Department, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Fábio Silva da Silva
- Arbovirology and Hemorragic Fever Department, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel Damous Dias
- Arbovirology and Hemorragic Fever Department, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil
| | - Samira Brito Mendes
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, State University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 650-8805, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Claudene Barros
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, State University of Maranhão, Caxias, Maranhão, 65604-380, Brazil
| | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Arbovirology and Hemorragic Fever Department, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.
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Gutiérrez-Jara JP, Muñoz-Quezada MT, Córdova-Lepe F, Silva-Guzmán A. Mathematical Model of the Spread of Hantavirus Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:1147. [PMID: 37764955 PMCID: PMC10536976 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A mathematical epidemiological model incorporating the mobility of rodents and human groups among zones of less or major contact between them is presented. The hantavirus infection dynamics is expressed using a model type SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed), which incorporates the displacement of the rodent and the human, between the urban and rural sector, the latter being subdivided in populated and non-populated. The results show the impact that rodent or human displacement may have on the propagation of hantavirus infection. Human mobility is more significant than rodents in increasing the number of hantavirus infection cases. The results found may be used as a reference by the health authorities to develop more specific campaigns on the territorial dynamics of the rodent, attend to the mobility of humans in these territories, mainly agricultural and forestry workers, and strengthen control-prevention actions in the community, to prevent future outbreaks that are fatal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Gutiérrez-Jara
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile
| | - María Teresa Muñoz-Quezada
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia 939, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Fernando Córdova-Lepe
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Avenida San Miguel 3605, Talca 3480112, Chile;
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3
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Nnamani EI, Spruill-Harrell B, Williams EP, Taylor MK, Owen RD, Jonsson CB. Deep Sequencing to Reveal Phylo-Geographic Relationships of Juquitiba Virus in Paraguay. Viruses 2023; 15:1798. [PMID: 37766205 PMCID: PMC10537311 DOI: 10.3390/v15091798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several hantaviruses result in zoonotic infections of significant public health concern, causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Old and New World, respectively. Given a 35% case fatality rate, disease-causing New World hantaviruses require a greater understanding of their biology, genetic diversity, and geographical distribution. Juquitiba hantaviruses have been identified in Oligoryzomys nigripes in Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Brazil has reported the most HCPS cases associated with this virus. We used a multiplexed, amplicon-based PCR strategy to screen and deep-sequence the virus harbored within lung tissues collected from Oligoryzomys species during rodent field collections in southern (Itapúa) and western (Boquerón) Paraguay. No Juquitiba-like hantaviruses were identified in Boquerón. Herein, we report the full-length S and M segments of the Juquitiba hantaviruses identified in Paraguay from O. nigripes. We also report the phylogenetic relationships of the Juquitiba hantaviruses in rodents collected from Itapúa with those previously collected in Canindeyú. We showed, using the TN93 nucleotide substitution model, the coalescent (constant-size) population tree model, and Bayesian inference implemented in the Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees (BEAST) framework, that the Juquitiba virus lineage in Itapúa is distinct from that in Canindeyú. Our spatiotemporal analysis showed significantly different time to the most recent ancestor (TMRA) estimates between the M and S segments, but a common geographic origin. Our estimates suggest the additional geographic diversity of the Juquitiba virus within the Interior Atlantic Forest and highlight the need for more extensive sampling across this biome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans Ifebuche Nnamani
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (E.I.N.); (B.S.-H.); (E.P.W.); (M.K.T.)
| | - Briana Spruill-Harrell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (E.I.N.); (B.S.-H.); (E.P.W.); (M.K.T.)
| | - Evan Peter Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (E.I.N.); (B.S.-H.); (E.P.W.); (M.K.T.)
| | - Mariah K. Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (E.I.N.); (B.S.-H.); (E.P.W.); (M.K.T.)
| | - Robert D. Owen
- Centro Para El Desarrollo de Investigación Científica, Asunción C.P. 1255, Paraguay;
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (E.I.N.); (B.S.-H.); (E.P.W.); (M.K.T.)
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Institute for the Study of Host-Pathogen Systems, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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4
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López WR, Altamiranda-Saavedra M, Kehl SD, Ferro I, Bellomo C, Martínez VP, Simoy MI, Gil JF. Modeling potential risk areas of Orthohantavirus transmission in Northwestern Argentina using an ecological niche approach. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1236. [PMID: 37365559 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a rodent-borne zoonosis in the Americas, with up to 50% mortality rates. In Argentina, the Northwestern endemic area presents half of the annually notified HPS cases in the country, transmitted by at least three rodent species recognized as reservoirs of Orthohantavirus. The potential distribution of reservoir species based on ecological niche models (ENM) can be a useful tool to establish risk areas for zoonotic diseases. Our main aim was to generate an Orthohantavirus risk transmission map based on ENM of the reservoir species in northwest Argentina (NWA), to compare this map with the distribution of HPS cases; and to explore the possible effect of climatic and environmental variables on the spatial variation of the infection risk. METHODS Using the reservoir geographic occurrence data, climatic/environmental variables, and the maximum entropy method, we created models of potential geographic distribution for each reservoir in NWA. We explored the overlap of the HPS cases with the reservoir-based risk map and a deforestation map. Then, we calculated the human population at risk using a census radius layer and a comparison of the environmental variables' latitudinal variation with the distribution of HPS risk. RESULTS We obtained a single best model for each reservoir. The temperature, rainfall, and vegetation cover contributed the most to the models. In total, 945 HPS cases were recorded, of which 97,85% were in the highest risk areas. We estimated that 18% of the NWA population was at risk and 78% of the cases occurred less than 10 km from deforestation. The highest niche overlap was between Calomys fecundus and Oligoryzomys chacoensis. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies potential risk areas for HPS transmission based on climatic and environmental factors that determine the distribution of the reservoirs and Orthohantavirus transmission in NWA. This can be used by public health authorities as a tool to generate preventive and control measures for HPS in NWA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter R López
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Sede Regional Orán, A4400, Salta, Argentina
| | - Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra
- Grupo de Investigación Bioforense, Facultad de Derecho Y Ciencias Forenses, Tecnológico de Antioquia Institución Universitaria, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Sebastián D Kehl
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios E Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) "Dr. C. G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Ferro
- Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas (INECOA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (UNJu), San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Carla Bellomo
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios E Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) "Dr. C. G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria P Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios E Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) "Dr. C. G. Malbrán", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mario I Simoy
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía No Convencional (INENCO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), A4400, Salta, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario Sobre Ecosistemas Y Desarrollo Sustentable (UNCPBA - CICPBA), Tandil, Argentina
| | - José F Gil
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales (IIET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Sede Regional Orán, A4400, Salta, Argentina.
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Energía No Convencional (INENCO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), A4400, Salta, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Química Biológica Y Biología Molecular de La Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, A4400, Salta, Argentina.
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5
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Brown N, Escobar LE. A review of the diet of the common vampire bat ( Desmodus rotundus) in the context of anthropogenic change. Mamm Biol 2023; 103:1-21. [PMID: 37363038 PMCID: PMC10258787 DOI: 10.1007/s42991-023-00358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) maintains a diverse, sanguivorous diet, utilizing a broad range of prey taxa. As anthropogenic change alters the distribution of this species, shifts in predator-prey interactions are expected. Understanding prey richness and patterns of prey selection is, thus, increasingly informative from ecological, epidemiological, and economic perspectives. We reviewed D. rotundus diet and assessed the geographical, taxonomical, and behavioral features to find 63 vertebrate species within 21 orders and 45 families constitute prey, including suitable host species in regions of invasion outside D. rotundus' range. Rodentia contained the largest number of species utilized by D. rotundus, though cattle were the most commonly reported prey source, likely linked to the high availability of livestock and visibility of bite wounds compared to wildlife. Additionally, there was tendency to predate upon species with diurnal activity and social behavior, potentially facilitating convenient and nocturnal predation. Our review highlights the dietary heterogeneity of D. rotundus across its distribution. We define D. rotundus as a generalist predator, or parasite, depending on the ecological definition of its symbiont roles in an ecosystem (i.e., lethal vs. non-lethal blood consumption). In view of the eminent role of D. rotundus in rabies virus transmission and its range expansion, an understanding of its ecology would benefit public health, wildlife management, and agriculture. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42991-023-00358-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Brown
- Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Luis E. Escobar
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
- Global Change Center, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
- Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
- Doctorado en Agrociencias, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de La Salle, Carrera 7 No. 179-03, Bogotá, Colombia
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6
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Azevedo LSD, França Y, Viana E, Medeiros RS, Morillo SG, Guiducci R, Ribeiro CD, Vieira HR, Barrio-Nuevo KM, Cunha MS, Guerra JM, Silva DDMCE, Filho VBD, Araújo ELL, Ferreira SRS, Batista CF, Silva GCDD, Nogueira ML, Ahagon CM, Moreira RC, Cunha L, Morais VS, da Costa AC, Luchs A. Lack of molecular evidence of fecal-borne viruses in capybaras from São Paulo state, Brazil, 2018-2020: a minor public health issue. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:543-551. [PMID: 36342660 PMCID: PMC9640885 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the world's largest rodent species distributed throughout South America. These animals are incredibly tolerant to anthropogenic environments and are occupying large urban centers. Capybaras are known to carry potentially zoonotic agents, including R. rickettsia, Leishmania spp., Leptospira spp., Trypanosoma spp., Salmonella spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and rabies virus. Focusing on the importance of monitoring potential sources of emerging zoonotic viruses and new viral reservoirs, the aim of the present study was to assess the presence of fecal-borne viruses in the feces of capybaras living in urban parks in São Paulo state, Brazil. A total of 337 fecal samples were collected between 2018 and 2020 and screened for the following: (i) Rotavirus group A (RVA) by ELISA; (ii) non-RVA species and Picobirnavirus (PBV) using PAGE; (iii) Human Bocaparvovirus (HBoV), Bufavirus (BuV), Tusavirus (TuV), and Cutavirus (CuV) qPCR; (iv) Human Enterovirus (EV), Norovirus GII (NoV), and Hantavirus by in houses RT-qPCR; (v) SARS-CoV-2 via commercial RT-qPCR kit assay; and (vi) Astrovirus (AstV) and Adenovirus (AdV) using conventional nested (RT)-PCRs. All fecal samples tested were negative for fecal-borne viruses. This study adds further evidence that the fecal-borne viruses is a minor public health issue in Brazilian capybaras, at least during the surveillance period and surveyed areas. Continuous monitoring of sylvatic animals is essential to prevent and control the emergence or re-emergence of newly discovered virus as well as viruses with known zoonotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasmin França
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen Viana
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raquel Guiducci
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cibele Daniel Ribeiro
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Rosa Vieira
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Sequetin Cunha
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mariotti Guerra
- Quantitative Pathology Laboratory, Pathology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emerson Luiz Lima Araújo
- General Coordination of Public Health, Laboratories of the Strategic Articulation, Department of the Health, Surveillance Secretariat, Ministry of Health (CGLAB/DAEVS/SVS-MS), Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cintia Mayumi Ahagon
- Blood and Sexual Diseases - Retrovirus Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lia Cunha
- Hepatitis Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Santos Morais
- Medical Parasitology Laboratory (LIM/46), Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Charlys da Costa
- Medical Parasitology Laboratory (LIM/46), Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Luchs
- Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Centro de Virologia, Núcleo de Doenças Entéricas, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr Arnaldo, nº 355, São Paulo, SP, 01246-902, Brasil.
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Bueno LM, Melo DM, Azevedo RD, de Souza WM, Figueiredo LTM. Serological evidence of hantavirus infection in neotropical bats in an urban area of São Paulo State, Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2022; 117:297-300. [PMID: 36477881 PMCID: PMC10069298 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trac111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background
Although hantaviruses have long been associated with rodents, they are also described in other mammalian hosts, such as shrews, moles and bats. Hantaviruses associated with bats have been described in Asian, European and Brazilian species of bats. As these mammals represent the second major mammalian order, and they are the major mammals that inhabit urban areas, it is extremely important to maintain a viral surveillance in these animals. Our aim was to conduct serosurveillance in bats in an urban area in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, to contribute to the information about hantaviruses circulation in bats.
Methods
We analyzed samples from 778 neotropical bat specimens classified into 21 bat species and four different families collected in the urban area of Ribeirão Preto city, from 2014 to 2019 by an ELISA for the detection of IgG antibodies against orthohantavirus.
Results
We detected IgG-specific antibodies against the nucleoprotein of orthohantavirus in 0.9% (7/778) bats tested, including four Molossus molossus (Pallas' Free-tailed Bat), two Glossophaga soricina (Pallas's Long-tongued Bat) and one Eumops glaucinus (Wagner's mastiff bat).
Conclusions
Overall, our results show the first serological evidence of hantavirus infection in three common bat species in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M Bueno
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto, 140490-900, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Danilo M Melo
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto, 140490-900, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Roberta D Azevedo
- Departamento de Vigilância em Saúde , Prefeitura Municipal de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, 14061-710, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - William M de Souza
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto, 140490-900, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Luiz T M Figueiredo
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto, 140490-900, São Paulo , Brazil
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Noor F, Ashfaq UA, Asif M, Adeel MM, Alshammari A, Alharbi M. Comprehensive computational analysis reveals YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides across HFRS causing Hantaviruses and their association with viral pathogenesis and host immune regulation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1031608. [PMID: 36275660 PMCID: PMC9584616 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1031608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute zoonotic disease transmitted through aerosolized excrement of rodents. The etiology of HFRS is complex due to the involvement of viral factors and host immune and genetic factors. The viral species that dominantly cause HFRS are Puumala virus (PUUV), Seoul virus (SEOV), Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV), and Hantaan virus (HTNV). Despite continuous prevention and control measures, HFRS remains a significant public health problem worldwide. The nucleocapsid protein of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV is a multifunctional viral protein involved in various stages of the viral replication cycle. However, the exact role of nucleoproteins in viral pathogenesis is yet to be discovered. Targeting a universal host protein exploited by most viruses would be a game-changing strategy that offers broad-spectrum solutions and rapid epidemic control. The objective of this study is to understand the replication and pathogenesis of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV by targeting tyrosine-based motif (YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V]) and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides. In the light of the current study, in silico analysis uncovered many different YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motifs and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides within nucleoproteins of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV. Following that, the 3D structures of nucleoproteins were predicted using AlphaFold2 to map the location of YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides in a 3D environment. Further, in silico analysis and characterization of Post Translational Modifications (PTMs) revealed multiple PTMs sites within YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides, which contribute to virulence and host immune regulation. Our study proposed that the predicted YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides may confer specific functions such as virulence, host immune regulation, and pathogenesis to nucleoproteins of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV. However, in vivo and in vitro studies on YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides will assign new biological roles to these antiviral targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Noor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Usman Ali Ashfaq,
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muzammal Adeel
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Gutiérrez Jaraa JP, Quezada MT. Modeling of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Medwave 2022; 22:e8722. [DOI: 10.5867/medwave.2022.03.002526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is an infection caused by rodents of the Bunyanvirales family towards humans. This disease in Chile is considered endemic, which has a high fatality rate. At present, some studies show the contagion between people of the Andes virus, whose locality is concentrated in Argentina and Chile. Objectives Analyze the possibility of hantavirus transmission between humans using an SEIR-type mathematical model. Methods An SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious and Recovered) mathematical model to express the dynamics of hantavirus disease is proposed, including the possibility of human-to-human transmission and the perception of risk. Results The peak of human-to-human contagion decreases by about 25% after increasing people’s perception of risk by reducing the rate of resistance to changeand increasing the speed of people’s reaction. Conclusions It is urgent to review risk communication strategies and prevention measures in the face of this possibility of massive human-tohuman infections, in addition to strengthening research and planning the development of a vaccine to protect populations exposed to this disease with a high fatality rate.
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10
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Leishmania diversity in bats from an endemic area for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Southeastern Brazil. Acta Trop 2022; 228:106327. [PMID: 35085511 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the occurrence of Leishmania infection in bats in urban and wild areas in an endemic municipality for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Between April 2014 to April 2015, 247 bats were captured and classified into 26 species belonging to Phyllostomidae (90.7%), Vespertilionidae (8.1%) and Molossidae (1.2%) families. Blood samples from 247 bats were collected and submitted to nested-PCR, targeting the variable V7-V8 region of the SSU rRNA gene, followed by sequencing of the PCR product. The overall infection rate of Leishmania spp. in bats was 4.4%. Of the eleven bats infected, ten were frugivorous bats: Artibeus planirostris (8/11), Artibeus lituratus (1/11) and Artibeus cinereus (1/11) and one a nectarivorous bat (Glossophaga soricina). None of the individuals exhibited macroscopic alterations in the skin, spleen or liver. Phylogenetic analysis separated Leishmania species in clades corresponding to the subgenera Viannia, Leishmania, and Mundinia, and supported that the isolates characterized in the present study clustered closely with Leishmania (Viannia) sp., Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. Here we report for the first time the bat Artibeus cinereus as a host of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. In the study we found that the mean abundance of bats did not differ in wild habitats and urban areas and that bat-parasite interactions were similarly distributed in the two environments. On the other hand, further studies should be conducted in more recent times to verify whether there have been changes in these parameters.
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11
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Douglas KO, Payne K, Sabino-Santos G, Agard J. Influence of Climatic Factors on Human Hantavirus Infections in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review. Pathogens 2021; 11:pathogens11010015. [PMID: 35055965 PMCID: PMC8778283 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the current climate change crisis and its influence on infectious disease transmission there is an increased desire to understand its impact on infectious diseases globally. Hantaviruses are found worldwide, causing infectious diseases such as haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS)/hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in tropical regions such as Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). These regions are inherently vulnerable to climate change impacts, infectious disease outbreaks and natural disasters. Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses present in multiple rodent hosts resident in Neotropical ecosystems within LAC and are involved in hantavirus transmission. METHODS We conducted a systematic review to assess the association of climatic factors with human hantavirus infections in the LAC region. Literature searches were conducted on MEDLINE and Web of Science databases for published studies according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. The inclusion criteria included at least eight human hantavirus cases, at least one climatic factor and study from > 1 LAC geographical location. RESULTS In total, 383 papers were identified within the search criteria, but 13 studies met the inclusion criteria ranging from Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and Panama in Latin America and a single study from Barbados in the Caribbean. Multiple mathematical models were utilized in the selected studies with varying power to generate robust risk and case estimates of human hantavirus infections linked to climatic factors. Strong evidence of hantavirus disease association with precipitation and habitat type factors were observed, but mixed evidence was observed for temperature and humidity. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of climate and hantavirus diseases in LAC is likely complex due to the unknown identity of all vertebrate host reservoirs, circulation of multiple hantavirus strains, agricultural practices, climatic changes and challenged public health systems. There is an increasing need for more detailed systematic research on the influence of climate and other co-related social, abiotic, and biotic factors on infectious diseases in LAC to understand the complexity of vector-borne disease transmission in the Neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Osmond Douglas
- Centre for Biosecurity Studies, Cave Hill Campus, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, St. Michael BB11000, Barbados
- Correspondence:
| | - Karl Payne
- Centre for Resource Management and Environmental Studies, Cave Hill Campus, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, St. Michael BB11000, Barbados;
| | - Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1324 Tulane Ave Suite 517, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Centre for Virology Research, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Av. Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - John Agard
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 999183, Trinidad and Tobago;
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcione B. De Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Zoology, National Museum, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20940-040, Brazil
| | - Cibele R. Bonvicino
- Graduate Program in Zoology, National Museum, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20940-040, Brazil
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13
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D'Souza MH, Patel TR. Biodefense Implications of New-World Hantaviruses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:925. [PMID: 32850756 PMCID: PMC7426369 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses, part of the Bunyaviridae family, are a genus of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that cause two major diseases: New-World Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Old-World Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. Hantaviruses generally are found worldwide with each disease corresponding to their respective hemispheres. New-World Hantaviruses spread by specific rodent-host reservoirs and are categorized as emerging viruses that pose a threat to global health and security due to their high mortality rate and ease of transmission. Incidentally, reports of Hantavirus categorization as a bioweapon are often contradicted as both US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention refer to them as Category A and C bioagents respectively, each retaining qualitative levels of importance and severity. Concerns of Hantavirus being engineered into a novel bioagent has been thwarted by Hantaviruses being difficult to culture, isolate, and purify limiting its ability to be weaponized. However, the natural properties of Hantaviruses pose a threat that can be exploited by conventional and unconventional forces. This review seeks to clarify the categorization of Hantaviruses as a bioweapon, whilst defining the practicality of employing New-World Hantaviruses and their effect on armies, infrastructure, and civilian targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hilary D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Trushar R Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology and Discovery Lab, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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14
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Colunga‐Salas P, Sánchez‐Montes S, Grostieta E, Verde‐Arregoitia LD, Cabrera‐Garrido MY, Becker I, León‐Paniagua L. What do studies in wild mammals tell us about human emerging viral diseases in Mexico? Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:33-45. [PMID: 31461573 PMCID: PMC7168564 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple species of viruses circulate in wild mammals, some of them potentially causing zoonosis. Most of the suspected viral zoonotic diseases affecting human patients remain unidentified with regard to their aetiological agent. The aim of this study is to summarize the state of knowledge of the viral richness associated with wild mammals in Mexico throughout 1900-2018 and their relationship with human cases. We compiled two databases, one of them containing all available published studies on potentially zoonotic viruses in wild mammals and another with human cases related to zoonotic viruses. The database on wild mammals covers the period of 1900-2018; the human case database spans 2000-2013. We calculated the richness of viral potential zoonotic agents and evaluated their geographical distribution. We found 262 records of 42 potential zoonotic viral species associated with 92 wild mammal species in 28 states across Mexico. Records of human viral cases were only found in 29 states, which did not overlap with the reports in wild mammals. We detected 25.6% (42/164) of viral zoonotic agents reported worldwide. This analysis opens a relevant topic of discussion for public health attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Colunga‐Salas
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
- Centro de Medicina TropicalFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Sokani Sánchez‐Montes
- Centro de Medicina TropicalFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Estefania Grostieta
- Centro de Medicina TropicalFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | | | - Martín Y. Cabrera‐Garrido
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Ingeborg Becker
- Centro de Medicina TropicalFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Livia León‐Paniagua
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
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15
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Sabino-Santos G, Ferreira FF, da Silva DJF, Machado DM, da Silva SG, São Bernardo CS, Dos Santos Filho M, Levi T, Figueiredo LTM, Peres CA, de Morais Bronzoni RV, Canale GR. Hantavirus antibodies among phyllostomid bats from the arc of deforestation in Southern Amazonia, Brazil. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 67:1045-1051. [PMID: 31793244 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine whether southern Amazonian bats could harbour hantaviruses we, serologically and molecularly, screened blood, saliva, excreta and organ tissues of 47 bats captured from September to December 2015. We found that only phyllostomid bats presented antibodies against hantavirus. The seropositive bats belonged to two species of Phyllostomid bats: the greater spear-nosed bat Phyllostomus hastatus (omnivorous) and the gnome fruit-eating bat Dermanura gnoma. The overall seroprevalence was of 4.2%. Therefore, we show here that hantaviruses are circulating among phyllostomid bats in the Amazonian arc of deforestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Francimeire Fernandes Ferreira
- Biological Collection of Southern Amazon, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop-MT, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Environmental Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Mato Grosso, Caceres-MT, Brazil
| | - David José Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, Veterinary Medicine Hospital, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop-MT, Brazil
| | - Danilo Melo Machado
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Gomes da Silva
- Laboratory of Biological and Ecological Sciences, Federal Institute of Sciences, Education and Technologies of Mato Grosso State, Pontes e Lacerda-MT, Brazil
| | | | - Manoel Dos Santos Filho
- Laboratory of Mammalogy, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Mato Grosso, Caceres-MT, Brazil
| | - Taal Levi
- Laboratory of Quantitative Wildlife Ecology, Conservation, and Environmental Genetics, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | - Carlos A Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Muylaert RL, Bovendorp RS, Sabino-Santos G, Prist PR, Melo GL, Priante CDF, Wilkinson DA, Ribeiro MC, Hayman DTS. Hantavirus host assemblages and human disease in the Atlantic Forest. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007655. [PMID: 31404077 PMCID: PMC6748440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several viruses from the genus Orthohantavirus are known to cause lethal disease in humans. Sigmodontinae rodents are the main hosts responsible for hantavirus transmission in the tropical forests, savannas, and wetlands of South America. These rodents can shed different hantaviruses, such as the lethal and emerging Araraquara orthohantavirus. Factors that drive variation in host populations may influence hantavirus transmission dynamics within and between populations. Landscape structure, and particularly areas with a predominance of agricultural land and forest remnants, is expected to influence the proportion of hantavirus rodent hosts in the Atlantic Forest rodent community. Here, we tested this using 283 Atlantic Forest rodent capture records and geographically weighted models that allow us to test if predictors vary spatially. We also assessed the correspondence between proportions of hantavirus hosts in rodent communities and a human vulnerability to hantavirus infection index across the entire Atlantic Forest biome. We found that hantavirus host proportions were more positively influenced by landscape diversity than by a particular habitat or agricultural matrix type. Local small mammal diversity also positively influenced known pathogenic hantavirus host proportions, indicating that a plasticity to habitat quality may be more important for these hosts than competition with native forest dwelling species. We found a consistent positive effect of sugarcane and tree plantation on the proportion of rodent hosts, whereas defaunation intensity did not correlate with the proportion of hosts of potentially pathogenic hantavirus genotypes in the community, indicating that non-defaunated areas can also be hotspots for hantavirus disease outbreaks. The spatial match between host hotspots and human disease vulnerability was 17%, while coldspots matched 20%. Overall, we discovered strong spatial and land use change influences on hantavirus hosts at the landscape level across the Atlantic Forest. Our findings suggest disease surveillance must be reinforced in the southern and southeastern regions of the biome where the highest predicted hantavirus host proportion and levels of vulnerability spatially match. Importantly, our analyses suggest there may be more complex rodent community dynamics and interactions with human disease than currently hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata L. Muylaert
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ricardo Siqueira Bovendorp
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- PPG Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, LEAC, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Paula R. Prist
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Geruza Leal Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - David A. Wilkinson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Milton Cezar Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - David T. S. Hayman
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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17
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Viruses in bats and potential spillover to animals and humans. Curr Opin Virol 2019; 34:79-89. [PMID: 30665189 PMCID: PMC7102861 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bats are a very important source of emerging viruses. Bat coronavirus, filovirus, paramyxovirus and reovirus are known zoonotic viruses. Many of the emergent bat viruses are highly lethal in livestock and humans. Past incidents and viral genetic features predict bat coronaviruses as the highest risk.
In the last two decades, several high impact zoonotic disease outbreaks have been linked to bat-borne viruses. These include SARS coronavirus, Hendra virus and Nipah virus. In addition, it has been suspected that ebolaviruses and MERS coronavirus are also linked to bats. It is being increasingly accepted that bats are potential reservoirs of a large number of known and unknown viruses, many of which could spillover into animal and human populations. However, our knowledge into basic bat biology and immunology is very limited and we have little understanding of major factors contributing to the risk of bat virus spillover events. Here we provide a brief review of the latest findings in bat viruses and their potential risk of cross-species transmission.
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