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Page LJ, Pay IF, Castellana ET, Heussen R, Hoyt T, Foley J, Messmer BT. Intact natalizumab pharmacokinetics is impacted by endogenous IgG4 concentration. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 87:105667. [PMID: 38759421 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natalizumab (NAT) pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are complicated by arm exchange with endogenous IgG4, resulting in a mixture of a more potent intact, bivalent form and a less potent, functionally monovalent form. Total NAT and endogenous IgG4 concentrations vary considerably across patients. This study assessed the concentration of intact NAT, and how it relates to total NAT and endogenous IgG4 levels in blood and saliva. METHODS Paired serum and saliva samples from a small cohort of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients were measured for levels of intact NAT, total NAT, IgG and IgG4. RESULTS Intact NAT concentration was dependent on both total NAT and endogenous IgG4 levels. Low endogenous IgG4 led to a higher ratio of intact NAT to total NAT, while the opposite was observed in subjects with high endogenous IgG4. Serum and saliva measurements show good concordance. CONCLUSIONS Intact NAT concentration is influenced by both NAT pharmacokinetics and endogenous IgG4 levels. Patients with low IgG4 levels can have high concentrations of intact NAT even with lower levels of total NAT, which may explain cases of NAT-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in such patients. Monitoring both forms of NAT could better guide dosing, maximizing drug efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesley J Page
- Abreos Biosciences, 3550 General Atomics Court(,) G02/rm140, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Iona F Pay
- Abreos Biosciences, 3550 General Atomics Court(,) G02/rm140, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Edward T Castellana
- Abreos Biosciences, 3550 General Atomics Court(,) G02/rm140, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Raphaela Heussen
- Abreos Biosciences, 3550 General Atomics Court(,) G02/rm140, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tamara Hoyt
- Rocky Mountain MS Clinic, 370 E 9th Ave, Salt Lake City, Utah 84103
| | - John Foley
- Rocky Mountain MS Clinic, 370 E 9th Ave, Salt Lake City, Utah 84103
| | - Bradley T Messmer
- Abreos Biosciences, 3550 General Atomics Court(,) G02/rm140, San Diego, CA, USA
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Peptide Mimotope-Enabled Quantification of Natalizumab Arm Exchange During Multiple Sclerosis Treatment. Ther Drug Monit 2023; 45:55-60. [PMID: 36201847 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000001038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natalizumab, a therapeutic antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis, undergoes in vivo Fab arm exchange to form a monovalent bispecific antibody. Although highly efficacious, the immunosuppressive activity of natalizumab has been associated with JC polyomavirus-driven progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Development of assays that can distinguish between and quantify bivalent (unexchanged) and monovalent (exchanged) forms of natalizumab in clinical samples may be useful for optimizing extended interval dosing and reducing the risk of PML. METHODS In vitro natalizumab arm exchange was conducted, along with peptide mimotope and anti-idiotype surface capture chemistry, to enable the development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS An assay using a unique peptide Veritope TM was developed, which can exclusively bind to bivalent natalizumab. In combination with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays that quantifies total natalizumab, the assay system allows quantification of both natalizumab forms. CONCLUSIONS In this article, a novel assay for the quantification of unexchanged and exchanged natalizumab variants in clinical samples was developed. This assay will enable investigations into the clinical significance of the relationship of PK/PD with the monovalent-to-bivalent ratio, as it relates to the efficacy of the drug and risk of PML.
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Wang F, Li N, Wang C, Xing G, Cao S, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Hu M, Zhang G. DPL: a comprehensive database on sequences, structures, sources and functions of peptide ligands. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2020; 2020:5979899. [PMID: 33216893 PMCID: PMC7678785 DOI: 10.1093/database/baaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
DPL (http://www.peptide-ligand.cn/) is a comprehensive database of peptide ligand (DPL). DPL1.0 holds 1044 peptide ligand entries and provides references for the study of the polypeptide platform. The data were collected from PubMed-NCBI, PDB, APD3, CAMPR3, etc. The lengths of the base sequences are varied from 3 to78. DPL database has 923 linear peptides and 88 cyclic peptides. The functions of peptides collected by DPL are very wide. It includes 540 entries of antiviral peptides (including SARS-CoV-2), 55 entries of signal peptides, 48 entries of protease inhibitors, 45 entries of anti-hypertension, 37 entries of anticancer peptides, etc. There are 270 different kinds of peptide targets. All peptides in DPL have clear binding targets. Most of the peptides and receptors have 3D structures experimentally verified or predicted by CYCLOPS, I-TASSER and SWISS-MODEL. With the rapid development of the COVID-2019 epidemic, this database also collects the research progress of peptides against coronavirus. In conclusion, DPL is a unique resource, which allows users easily to explore the targets, different structures as well as properties of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116# Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63#Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63#Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, PR China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1# Mianfang Street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, China
| | - Guangxu Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116# Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, China
| | - Shuai Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63#Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, PR China
| | - Qian Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116# Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, China
| | - Yunshang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116# Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, China
| | - Man Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116# Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116# Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63#Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, PR China
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