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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322574121. [PMID: 38451947 PMCID: PMC10945812 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322574121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo. Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8+ T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warakorn Kulalert
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Alexandria C. Wells
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Verena M. Link
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Ai Ing Lim
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Nicolas Bouladoux
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Motoyoshi Nagai
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Oliver J. Harrison
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Olena Kamenyeva
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technology Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Michel Enamorado
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinflammation and Sensation, Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- Unite Metaorganisme, Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France
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2
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Kulalert W, Wells AC, Link VM, Lim AI, Bouladoux N, Nagai M, Harrison OJ, Kamenyeva O, Kabat J, Enamorado M, Chiu IM, Belkaid Y. The neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 axis tunes cutaneous adaptive immunity to the microbiota. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573358. [PMID: 38234748 PMCID: PMC10793430 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The somatosensory nervous system surveils external stimuli at barrier tissues, regulating innate immune cells under infection and inflammation. The roles of sensory neurons in controlling the adaptive immune system, and more specifically immunity to the microbiota, however, remain elusive. Here, we identified a novel mechanism for direct neuroimmune communication between commensal-specific T lymphocytes and somatosensory neurons mediated by the neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in the skin. Intravital imaging revealed that commensal-specific T cells are in close proximity to cutaneous nerve fibers in vivo . Correspondingly, we observed upregulation of the receptor for the neuropeptide CGRP, RAMP1, in CD8 + T lymphocytes induced by skin commensal colonization. Neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling axis functions in commensal-specific T cells to constrain Type 17 responses and moderate the activation status of microbiota-reactive lymphocytes at homeostasis. As such, modulation of neuroimmune CGRP-RAMP1 signaling in commensal-specific T cells shapes the overall activation status of the skin epithelium, thereby impacting the outcome of responses to insults such as wounding. The ability of somatosensory neurons to control adaptive immunity to the microbiota via the CGRP-RAMP1 axis underscores the various layers of regulation and multisystem coordination required for optimal microbiota-reactive T cell functions under steady state and pathology. Significance statement Multisystem coordination at barrier surfaces is critical for optimal tissue functions and integrity, in response to microbial and environmental cues. In this study, we identified a novel neuroimmune crosstalk mechanism between the sensory nervous system and the adaptive immune response to the microbiota, mediated by the neuropeptide CGRP and its receptor RAMP1 on skin microbiota-induced T lymphocytes. The neuroimmune CGPR-RAMP1 axis constrains adaptive immunity to the microbiota and overall limits the activation status of the skin epithelium, impacting tissue responses to wounding. Our study opens the door to a new avenue to modulate adaptive immunity to the microbiota utilizing neuromodulators, allowing for a more integrative and tailored approach to harnessing microbiota-induced T cells to promote barrier tissue protection and repair.
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3
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Russo AF, Hay DL. CGRP physiology, pharmacology, and therapeutic targets: migraine and beyond. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1565-1644. [PMID: 36454715 PMCID: PMC9988538 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00059.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide with diverse physiological functions. Its two isoforms (α and β) are widely expressed throughout the body in sensory neurons as well as in other cell types, such as motor neurons and neuroendocrine cells. CGRP acts via at least two G protein-coupled receptors that form unusual complexes with receptor activity-modifying proteins. These are the CGRP receptor and the AMY1 receptor; in rodents, additional receptors come into play. Although CGRP is known to produce many effects, the precise molecular identity of the receptor(s) that mediates CGRP effects is seldom clear. Despite the many enigmas still in CGRP biology, therapeutics that target the CGRP axis to treat or prevent migraine are a bench-to-bedside success story. This review provides a contextual background on the regulation and sites of CGRP expression and CGRP receptor pharmacology. The physiological actions of CGRP in the nervous system are discussed, along with updates on CGRP actions in the cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, immune, hematopoietic, and reproductive systems and metabolic effects of CGRP in muscle and adipose tissues. We cover how CGRP in these systems is associated with disease states, most notably migraine. In this context, we discuss how CGRP actions in both the peripheral and central nervous systems provide a basis for therapeutic targeting of CGRP in migraine. Finally, we highlight potentially fertile ground for the development of additional therapeutics and combinatorial strategies that could be designed to modulate CGRP signaling for migraine and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Russo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
- Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Center, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Debbie L Hay
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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4
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Cho E, Cheon S, Ding M, Lim K, Park SW, Park C, Lee TH. Identification of Novel Genes for Cell Fusion during Osteoclast Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126421. [PMID: 35742859 PMCID: PMC9224196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Monocyte preosteoclasts obtain resorbing activity via cell–cell fusion to generate multinucleated cells. However, the mechanisms and molecules involved in the fusion process are poorly understood. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing with single nucleated cells (SNCs) and multinucleated cells (MNCs) to identify the fusion-specific genes. The SNCs and MNCs were isolated under the same conditions during osteoclastogenesis with the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) administration. Based on this analysis, the expression of seven genes was found to be significantly increased in MNCs but decreased in SNCs, compared to that in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). We then generated knockout macrophage cell lines using a CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing tool to examine their function during osteoclastogenesis. Calcrl-, Marco-, or Ube3a-deficient cells could not develop multinucleated giant osteoclasts upon RANKL stimulation. However, Tmem26-deficient cells fused more efficiently than control cells. Our findings demonstrate that Calcrl, Marco, and Ube3a are novel determinants of osteoclastogenesis, especially with respect to cell fusion, and highlight potential targets for osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Cho
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (E.C.); (S.-W.P.)
| | - Seongmin Cheon
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.C.); (C.P.)
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Mina Ding
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Medical, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Kayeong Lim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34126, Korea;
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (E.C.); (S.-W.P.)
| | - Chungoo Park
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (E.C.); (S.-W.P.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Mueller SN. Neural control of immune cell trafficking. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213032. [PMID: 35195682 PMCID: PMC8932541 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte trafficking between blood and tissues is an essential function of the immune system that facilitates humoral and cellular immune responses. Within tissues, leukocytes perform surveillance and effector functions via cell motility and migration toward sites of tissue damage, infection, or inflammation. Neurotransmitters that are produced by the nervous system influence leukocyte trafficking around the body and the interstitial migration of immune cells in tissues. Neural regulation of leukocyte dynamics is influenced by circadian rhythms and altered by stress and disease. This review examines current knowledge of neuro–immune interactions that regulate leukocyte migration and consequences for protective immunity against infections and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott N Mueller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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6
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New aspects of HSC mobilization for better therapeutic outcomes. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2583-2585. [PMID: 34158632 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00723-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Grandits AM, Wieser R. Gene expression changes contribute to stemness and therapy resistance of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: roles of SOCS2, CALCRL, MTSS1, and KDM6A. Exp Hematol 2021; 99:1-11. [PMID: 34029637 PMCID: PMC7612147 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Relapse is associated with therapy resistance and is a major cause of death in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is thought to result from the accretion of therapy-refractory leukemic stem cells. Genetic and transcriptional changes that are recurrently gained at relapse are likely to contribute to the increased stemness and decreased therapy responsiveness at this disease stage. Despite the recent approval of several targeted drugs, chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and anthracyclines is still the mainstay of AML therapy. Accordingly, a number of studies have investigated genetic and gene expression changes between diagnosis and relapse of patients subjected to such treatment. Genetic alterations recurrently acquired at relapse were identified, but were restricted to small proportions of patients, and their functional characterization is still largely pending. In contrast, the expression of a substantial number of genes was altered consistently between diagnosis and recurrence of AML. Recent studies corroborated the roles of the upregulation of SOCS2 and CALCRL and of the downregulation of MTSS1 and KDM6A in therapy resistance and/or stemness of AML. These findings spur the assumption that functional investigations of genes consistently altered at recurrence of AML have the potential to promote the development of novel targeted drugs that may help to improve the outcome of this currently often fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Grandits
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rotraud Wieser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Adrenomedullin-CALCRL axis controls relapse-initiating drug tolerant acute myeloid leukemia cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:422. [PMID: 33462236 PMCID: PMC7813857 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug tolerant/resistant leukemic stem cell (LSC) subpopulations may explain frequent relapses in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), suggesting that these relapse-initiating cells (RICs) persistent after chemotherapy represent bona fide targets to prevent drug resistance and relapse. We uncover that calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CALCRL) is expressed in RICs, and that the overexpression of CALCRL and/or of its ligand adrenomedullin (ADM), and not CGRP, correlates to adverse outcome in AML. CALCRL knockdown impairs leukemic growth, decreases LSC frequency, and sensitizes to cytarabine in patient-derived xenograft models. Mechanistically, the ADM-CALCRL axis drives cell cycle, DNA repair, and mitochondrial OxPHOS function of AML blasts dependent on E2F1 and BCL2. Finally, CALCRL depletion reduces LSC frequency of RICs post-chemotherapy in vivo. In summary, our data highlight a critical role of ADM-CALCRL in post-chemotherapy persistence of these cells, and disclose a promising therapeutic target to prevent relapse in AML. Leukemic stem cells which are resistant to chemotherapy are proposed as relapse-initiating cells (RICs). Here, the authors show that targeting the adrenomedullin-calcitonin receptor-like receptor decreases RICs frequency improving chemotherapy response in AML preclinical models.
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9
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Gao X, Zhang D, Xu C, Li H, Caron KM, Frenette PS. Nociceptive nerves regulate haematopoietic stem cell mobilization. Nature 2021; 589:591-596. [PMID: 33361809 PMCID: PMC7856173 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in specialized microenvironments in the bone marrow-often referred to as 'niches'-that represent complex regulatory milieux influenced by multiple cellular constituents, including nerves1,2. Although sympathetic nerves are known to regulate the HSC niche3-6, the contribution of nociceptive neurons in the bone marrow remains unclear. Here we show that nociceptive nerves are required for enforced HSC mobilization and that they collaborate with sympathetic nerves to maintain HSCs in the bone marrow. Nociceptor neurons drive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced HSC mobilization via the secretion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Unlike sympathetic nerves, which regulate HSCs indirectly via the niche3,4,6, CGRP acts directly on HSCs via receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) and the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CALCRL) to promote egress by activating the Gαs/adenylyl cyclase/cAMP pathway. The ingestion of food containing capsaicin-a natural component of chili peppers that can trigger the activation of nociceptive neurons-significantly enhanced HSC mobilization in mice. Targeting the nociceptive nervous system could therefore represent a strategy to improve the yield of HSCs for stem cell-based therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Chunliang Xu
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Huihui Li
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Caron
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul S. Frenette
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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10
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Wei P, Keller C, Li L. Neuropeptides in gut-brain axis and their influence on host immunity and stress. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:843-851. [PMID: 32322366 PMCID: PMC7160382 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, neuropeptides have been found to play a major role in communication along the gut-brain axis. Various neuropeptides are expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where they facilitate the crosstalk between the nervous systems and other major body systems. In addition to being critical to communication from the brain in the nervous systems, neuropeptides actively regulate immune functions in the gut in both direct and indirect ways, allowing for communication between the immune and nervous systems. In this mini review, we discuss the role of several neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and phoenixin (PNX), in the gut-brain axis and summarize their functions in immunity and stress. We choose these neuropeptides to highlight the diversity of peptide communication in the gut-brain axis.
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Key Words
- ACTH, adrenocorticotrophic hormone
- Antimicrobial peptides
- CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide
- CNS, central nervous system
- CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone
- CRLR, calcitonin receptor like receptor
- Gut-brain axis
- HPA axis, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
- Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
- Immunity
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- NPY, neuropeptide Y
- Neuropeptide
- PACAP, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
- PNX, phoenixin
- RAMP1, receptor activity-modifying protein1
- SP, substance P
- Stress
- TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1
- VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide
- α-MSH, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingli Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Caitlin Keller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Corresponding author at: School of Pharmacy & Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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11
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CGRP Signaling via CALCRL Increases Chemotherapy Resistance and Stem Cell Properties in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235826. [PMID: 31756985 PMCID: PMC6928760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide CGRP, acting through the G-protein coupled receptor CALCRL and its coreceptor RAMP1, plays a key role in migraines, which has led to the clinical development of several inhibitory compounds. Recently, high CALCRL expression has been shown to be associated with a poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We investigate, therefore, the functional role of the CGRP-CALCRL axis in AML. To this end, in silico analyses, human AML cell lines, primary patient samples, and a C57BL/6-based mouse model of AML are used. We find that CALCRL is up-regulated at relapse of AML, in leukemic stem cells (LSCs) versus bulk leukemic cells, and in LSCs versus normal hematopoietic stem cells. CGRP protects receptor-positive AML cell lines and primary AML samples from apoptosis induced by cytostatic drugs used in AML therapy, and this effect is inhibited by specific antagonists. Furthermore, the CGRP antagonist olcegepant increases differentiation and reduces the leukemic burden as well as key stem cell properties in a mouse model of AML. These data provide a basis for further investigations into a possible role of CGRP-CALCRL inhibition in the therapy of AML.
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12
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Luo HM, Wu X, Liu WX, Wang LY, Sun HY, Zhu LY, Yang L. Calcitonin gene-related peptide attenuates angiotensin II-induced ROS-dependent apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the CaMKII/CREB signalling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:285-289. [PMID: 31668374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is associated with various cardiovascular diseases. CGRP exerts a variety of effects within the cardiovascular system, and protects against the onset and development of angiotensin (Ang) II-induced vascular dysfunction and remodelling. However, it is not known whether CGRP has a direct effect on Ang II-induced apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the mechanism underlying the anti-apoptotic role remains unclear. In this study, CGRP significantly suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in Ang II-induced VSMCs. In VSMCs pre-treated with a CGRP receptor antagonist (CGRP8-37), the CGRP-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced ROS and apoptosis was completely abolished. Moreover, pre-treatment with N-acetyl-L cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, blocked the effects of CGRP on Ang II-induced apoptosis. In addition, the activation of CaMKII and the downstream transcription factor CREB stimulated by Ang II was abrogated by CGRP. Importantly, in both CGRP and NAC-treated VSMCs, CGRP failed to further attenuate CaMKII and CREB activation. The results demonstrate that CGRP attenuated Ang II-induced ROS-dependent apoptosis in VSMCs by inhibiting the CaMKII/CREB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Min Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xia Wu
- The Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Xuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liang-Yu Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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