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Zhuang Z, Jia W, Wu L, Li Y, Lu Y, Xu M, Bai H, Bi Y, Wang Z, Chen S, Jiang Y, Chang G. Threonine Deficiency Increases Triglyceride Deposition in Primary Duck Hepatocytes by Reducing STAT3 Phosphorylation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8142. [PMID: 39125712 PMCID: PMC11312044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver lipid metabolism disruption significantly contributes to excessive fat buildup in waterfowl. Research suggests that the supplementation of Threonine (Thr) in the diet can improve liver lipid metabolism disorder, while Thr deficiency can lead to such metabolic disorders in the liver. The mechanisms through which Thr regulates lipid metabolism remain unclear. STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), a crucial transcription factor in the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, participates in various biological processes, including lipid and energy metabolism. This research investigates the potential involvement of STAT3 in the increased lipid storage seen in primary duck hepatocytes as a result of a lack of Thr. Using small interfering RNA and Stattic, a specific STAT3 phosphorylation inhibitor, we explored the impact of STAT3 expression patterns on Thr-regulated lipid synthesis metabolism in hepatocytes. Through transcriptome sequencing, we uncovered pathways related to lipid synthesis and metabolism jointly regulated by Thr and STAT3. The results showed that Thr deficiency increases lipid deposition in primary duck hepatocytes (p < 0.01). The decrease in protein and phosphorylation levels of STAT3 directly caused this deposition (p < 0.01). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Thr deficiency and STAT3 knockdown jointly altered the mRNA expression levels of pathways related to long-chain fatty acid synthesis and energy metabolism (p < 0.05). Thr deficiency, through mediating STAT3 inactivation, upregulated ELOVL7, PPARG, MMP1, MMP13, and TIMP4 mRNA levels, and downregulated PTGS2 mRNA levels (p < 0.01). In summary, these results suggest that Thr deficiency promotes lipid synthesis, reduces lipid breakdown, and leads to lipid metabolism disorders and triglyceride deposition by downregulating STAT3 activity in primary duck hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Wenqian Jia
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Lei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Yongpeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Yijia Lu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Minghong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Hao Bai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yulin Bi
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Zhixiu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Shihao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Yong Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Guobin Chang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics & Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.Z.); (W.J.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (Y.B.); (Z.W.); (S.C.); (G.C.)
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Wang S, Zhang M, Sun H, Li T, Hao J, Fang M, Dong J, Xu H. Multi-omics analysis of TLCD1 as a promising biomarker in pan-cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1305906. [PMID: 38559424 PMCID: PMC10978584 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1305906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The TLC Domain Containing 1 (TLCD1) protein, a key regulator of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) composition, is distributed across several cellular membranes, including mitochondrial plasma membranes. Existing research has revealed the impact of TLCD1 on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, there remains a gap in comprehensive pan-cancer analyses of TLCD1, and the precise role of TLCD1 in cancer patient prognosis and immunological responses remains elusive. This study aims to provide a comprehensive visualization of the prognostic landscape associated with TLCD1 across a spectrum of cancers, while shedding light on the potential links between TLCD1 expression within the tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration characteristics. Methods: TLCD1 expression data were obtained from GTEx, TCGA, and HPA data repositories. Multiple databases including TIMER, HPA, TISIDB, cBioPortal, GEPIA2, STRING, KEGG, GO, and CancerSEA were used to investigate the expression pattern, diagnostic and prognostic significance, mutation status, functional analysis, and functional status of TLCD1. In addition, we evaluated the relationship between TLCD1 expression and immune infiltration, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and immune-related genes in pan-cancer. Furthermore, the association of TLCD1 with drug sensitivity was analyzed using the CellMiner database. Results: We found that TLCD1 is generally highly expressed in pan-cancers and is significantly associated with the staging and prognosis of various cancers. Furthermore, our results also showed that TLCD1 was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration and immune regulatory factor expression. Using CellMiner database analysis, we then found a strong correlation between TLCD1 expression and sensitivity to anticancer drugs, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target. The most exciting finding is that high TLCD1 expression is associated with worse survival and prognosis in GBM and SKCM patients receiving anti-PD1 therapy. These findings highlight the potential of TLCD1 as a predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapy. Conclusion: TLCD1 plays a role in the regulation of immune infiltration and affects the prognosis of patients with various cancers. It serves as both a prognostic and immunologic biomarker in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Wang
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Li
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianlei Hao
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meixia Fang
- Department of Laboratory Animal, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbiao Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Guo HY, He HX, Liu BS, Zhang N, Zhu KC, Zhang DC. The regulatory mechanisms of IRF7 mediated by the type I IFN signalling pathway against Streptococcus iniae in yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Hottuyn, 1782). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125635. [PMID: 37399879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) regulates type I interferon (IFN) genes via combining to the ISRE region in the immune response against bacteria. Streptococcus iniae is one of the dominant pathogenic bacteria of yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus. However, the regulatory mechanisms of A. latus IRF7 (AlIRF7) mediated by the type I IFN signalling pathway against S. iniae was ambiguously. In the present study, IRF7, and two IFNa3s (IFNa3 and IFNa3-like) were authenticated from A. latus. The total length of AlIRF7 cDNA is 2142 bp, containing a 1314 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding an inferred 437 amino acids (aa). Three typical regions, a serine-rich domain (SRD), a DNA-binding domain (DBD), and an IRF association domain (IAD), are conserved in AlIRF7. Furthermore, AlIRF7 is fundamentally expressed in various kinds of organs, with high levels in the spleen and liver. Additionally, S. iniae challenge promoted AlIRF7 expression in the spleen, liver, kidney, and brain. AlIRF7 is confirmed to be located at the nucleus and cytoplasm by overexpression of AlIRF7. Moreover, truncation mutation analyses shows that the regions, -821 bp to +192 bp and -928 bp to +196 bp, were known as core promoters from AlIFNa3 and AlIFNa3-like, respectively. The point mutation analyses and electrophoretic mobile shift assay (EMSA) verified that AlIFNa3 and AlIFNa3-like transcriptions are depended on the M2/5 and M2/3/4 binding sites with AlIRF7 regulation, respectively. Additionally, an overexpression experiment showed that AlIRF7 can dramatically decrease the mRNA levels of two AlIFNa3s and interferon signalling molecules. These results suggest that two IFNa3s may mediate the regulation of AlIRF7 in the immune responses of A. latus against S. iniae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hong-Xi He
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China.
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Wang L, Yang K, Jing R, Zhao W, Guo K, Hu Z, Liu G, Xu N, Zhao J, Lin L, Gao S. Protective effect of Saussurea involucrata polysaccharide against skin dryness induced by ultraviolet radiation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1089537. [PMID: 36733502 PMCID: PMC9887146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1089537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can damage the epidermis barrier function and eventually result in skin dryness. At present, little work is being devoted to skin dryness. Searching for active ingredients that can protect the skin against UVB-induced dryness will have scientific significance. Methods: Saussurea involucrata polysaccharide (SIP) has been shown to have significant antioxidant and anti-photodamage effects on the skin following UVB irradiation. To evaluate the effect of SIP on UVB-induced skin dryness ex vivo, SIP-containing hydrogel was applied in a mouse model following exposure to UVB and the levels of histopathological changes, DNA damage, inflammation, keratinocyte differentiation, lipid content were then evaluated. The underlying mechanisms of SIP to protect the cells against UVB induced-dryness were determined in HaCaT cells. Results: SIP was found to lower UVB-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage while increasing keratinocyte differentiation and lipid production. Western blot analysis of UVB-irradiated skin tissue revealed a significant increase in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) levels, indicating that the underlying mechanism may be related to PPAR-α signaling pathway activation. Conclusions: By activating the PPAR-α pathway, SIP could alleviate UVB-induced oxidative stress and inhibit the inflammatory response, regulate proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, and mitigate lipid synthesis disorder. These findings could provide candidate active ingredients with relatively clear mechanistic actions for the development of skin sunscreen moisturizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaiye Yang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Jing
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wengang Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Keke Guo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenlin Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Nuo Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Chevidence Lab of Child and Adolescent Health, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Jungang Zhao, ; Li Lin, ; Shuang Gao,
| | - Li Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jungang Zhao, ; Li Lin, ; Shuang Gao,
| | - Shuang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jungang Zhao, ; Li Lin, ; Shuang Gao,
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Association Analysis between Genetic Variants of elovl5a and elovl5b and Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030466. [PMID: 35336839 PMCID: PMC8945013 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary PUFAs have an essential impact on human health, but their availability constitutes a critical bottleneck in food production. Although fish is the traditional source of PUFAs, it is limited by the stagnation of fisheries. Many studies aim to increase the PUFA products of fish. Genetic markers are efficient in aquaculture breeding. Fatty acid desaturase 2 (fads2) and elongase 5 (elovl5) are the rate-limiting enzymes in the synthesis of PUFAs. The allo-tetraploid common carp is able to biosynthesize endogenous PUFAs. However, selective breeding common carp with high PUFA contents was hindered due to a lack of effective molecular markers. For future breeding common carp capable of producing endogenous PUFAs more effectively, we previously identified the polymorphisms in the coding regions of two duplicated fads2, fads2a and fads2b. However, the polymorphisms in the duplicated elovl5, elovl5a and elovl5b, were not detected. This study screened the genetic variants in the coding regions of elovl5a and elovl5b. Moreover, the joint effects of multiple coding SNPs in fads2b and elovl5b, two major genes regulating the PUFA biosynthesis, were evidenced with the increased explained percentages of the PUFA contents. These polymorphisms in these two genes were used to evaluate the breeding values of PUFAs. These SNPs would be potential markers for future selection to improve the PUFA contents in common carp. Abstract The allo-tetraploid common carp, one widely cultured food fish, is able to produce poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The genetic markers on the PUFA contents for breeding was limited. The polymorphisms in elovl5a and elovl5b, the rate-limiting enzymes in the PUFA biosynthesis, have not been investigated yet. Herein, we identified one coding SNP (cSNP) in elovl5a associated with the content of one PUFA and two cSNPs in elovl5b with the contents of eight PUFAs. The heterozygous genotypes in these three loci were associated with higher contents than the homozygotes. Together with previously identified two associated cSNPs in fads2b, we found the joint effect of these four cSNPs in fads2b and elovl5b on the PUFA contents with the increased explained percentages of PUFA contents. The genotype combinations of more heterozygotes were associated with higher PUFA contents than the other combinations. Using ten genomic selection programs with all cSNPs in fads2b and elovl5b, we obtained the high and positive correlations between the phenotypes and the estimated breeding values of eight PUFAs. These results suggested that elovl5b might be the major gene corresponding to common carp PUFA contents compared with elovl5a. The cSNP combinations in fads2b and elovl5b and the optimal genomic selection program will be used in the future selection breeding to improve the PUFA contents of common carp.
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Yang M, Chen J, Li X, Huang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wei S, Qin Q. The transcription factor NFYC positively regulates expression of MHCIa in the red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:104272. [PMID: 34600022 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian studies have shown that the nuclear transcription factor Y (NFYC) regulates the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) by binding to CCAAT-box on promoters. However, few studies have focused on the regulatory mechanisms of NFYC in MHC pathway in fish. To explore the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of MHCIa in fish, we characterized NFYC and MHCIa of red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) (named EaNFYC and EaMHCIa, respectively). The EaNFYC genome sequence is 13,796 bp and contains 1,065 bp open reading frame. It is composed of ten exons and nine introns and encode a 354 amino acid sequence. The putative EaNFYC protein sequence shared 67.2-99.4% identity to vertebrate NFYC and possesses a typically conserved domain (histone- or haem-associated protein 5 domain (HAP5)) at the N-terminus. Transcripts of both EaNFYC and EaMHCIa were ubiquitously expressed in all detect tissues, and higher mRNA levels were detected in immune-relevant tissues (middle-kidney). EaNFYC expression increased after treatment with polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid, lipopolysaccharide, nervous necrosis virus, zymosan A, and Singapore grouper iridovirus. Analysis of subcellular localization indicated that EaNFYC was localized at the cell nucleus only. Furthermore, overexpression of EaNFYC significantly stimulated the expression of EaMHCIa, interferon signalling molecules and inflammatory cytokine. The region -878 bp to +82 bp of EaMHCIa promoter was identified to be the core promoter which EaNFYC take effect on. Additionally, point mutations and electrophoretic mobility shift assays verified that NFYC activate MHCIa expression by binding at the M1 and M2 binding sites that do not contain CCAAT-box. These results contribute to elucidating the function of fish NFYC on MHC transcriptional mechanisms, and provide the first evidence of positive regulation of MHCIa expression by NFYC in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jinpeng Chen
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinshuai Li
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianling Huang
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qing Wang
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shina Wei
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- University JointLaboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China
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Xie D, Chen C, Dong Y, You C, Wang S, Monroig Ó, Tocher DR, Li Y. Regulation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in teleost fish. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 82:101095. [PMID: 33741387 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA, C20-24), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), are involved in numerous biological processes and have a range of health benefits. Fish have long been considered as the main source of n-3 LC-PUFA in human diets. However, the capacity for endogenous biosynthesis of LC-PUFA from C18 PUFA varies in fish species based on the presence, expression and activity of key enzymes including fatty acyl desaturases (Fads) and elongation of very long-chain fatty acids (Elovl) proteins. In this article, we review progress on the identified Fads and Elovl, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of LC-PUFA biosynthesis both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in teleosts. The most comprehensive advances have been obtained in rabbitfish Siganus canaliculatus, a marine teleost demonstrated to have the entire pathway for LC-PUFA biosynthesis, including the roles of transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (Hnf4α), liver X receptor alpha (Lxrα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (Srebp-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ) and stimulatory protein 1 (Sp1), as well as post-transcriptional regulation by individual microRNA (miRNA) or clusters. This research has, for the first time, demonstrated the involvement of Hnf4α, Pparγ and miRNA in the regulation of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in vertebrates. The present review provides readers with a relatively comprehensive overview of the progress made into understanding LC-PUFA biosynthetic systems in teleosts, and some insights into improving endogenous LC-PUFA biosynthesis capacity aimed at reducing the dependence of aquafeeds on fish oil while maintaining or increasing flesh LC-PUFA content and the nutritional quality of farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dizhi Xie
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Cuiying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yewei Dong
- Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Cuihong You
- Animal Science & Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Douglas R Tocher
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK94LA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Yuanyou Li
- College of Marine Sciences of South China Agricultural University & Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Luo J, Monroig Ó, Liao K, Ribes-Navarro A, Navarro JC, Zhu T, Li J, Xue L, Zhou Q, Jin M. Biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs and VLC-PUFAs in Pampus argenteus: Characterization of Elovl4 Elongases and Regulation under Acute Salinity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:932-944. [PMID: 33430591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Salinity has been demonstrated to influence the biosynthesis of long-chain (C20-24) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in teleost fish. Since LC-PUFAs are essential nutrients for vertebrates, it is central to understand how fish cope with an acute change in salinity associated with natural events. We herein report on the cloning and functional characterization of two elongation of very-long-chain fatty acid (Elovl)4 proteins, namely, Elovl4a and Elovl4b, and study the roles that these enzymes play in the biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs and very-long-chain (>C24) polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) in marine teleost Pampus argenteus. The P. argenteus Elovl4 displayed all of the typical features of Elovl-like enzymes and have eyes and brain as major sites through which they exert their functions. Moreover, functional studies showed that the P. argenteus Elovl4 can effectively elongate C18-22 substrates to C36 VLC-PUFA. Because both P. argenteus Elovl4 are able to produce 24:5n - 3 from shorter precursors, we tested whether the previously reported Δ6 Fads2 from P. argenteus was able to desaturate 24:5n - 3 to 24:6n - 3, a key step for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) synthesis. Our results showed that P. argenteus can indeed bioconvert 24:5n - 3 into 24:6n - 3, suggesting that P. argenteus has the enzymatic capacity required for DHA biosynthesis through the coordinated action of both Elovl4 and Fads2. Furthermore, an acute salinity test indicated that low-salinity stress (12 ppt) upregulated genes involved in LC-PUFA biosynthesis, with 12 ppt salinity treatment showing the highest hepatic LC-PUFA content. Overall, our results unveiled that the newly characterized Elovl4 enzymes have indispensable functions in LC- and VLC-PUFA biosynthesis. Moreover, acute salinity change influenced the biosynthesis of LC-PUFA in P. argenteus. This study provided new insight into the biosynthesis of LC- and VLC-PUFAs in vertebrates and the physiological responses that teleosts have under acute salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Luo
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes 12595, Castellón, Spain
| | - Kai Liao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Alberto Ribes-Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes 12595, Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Navarro
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes 12595, Castellón, Spain
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Liangli Xue
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Katan T, Xue X, Caballero-Solares A, Taylor RG, Rise ML, Parrish CC. Influence of Dietary Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and ω6 to ω3 Ratios on Head Kidney Lipid Composition and Expression of Fatty Acid and Eicosanoid Metabolism Genes in Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar). Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:602587. [PMID: 33381522 PMCID: PMC7767880 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.602587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA) levels with omega-6 to omega-3 ratios (ω6:ω3), and their impact on head kidney lipid metabolism in farmed fish, are not fully elucidated. We investigated the influence of five plant-based diets (12-week exposure) with varying EPA+DHA levels (0.3, 1.0, or 1.4%) and ω6:ω3 (high ω6, high ω3, or balanced) on tissue lipid composition, and transcript expression of genes involved in fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism in Atlantic salmon head kidney. Tissue fatty acid composition was reflective of the diet with respect to C18 PUFA and MUFA levels (% of total FA), and ω6:ω3 (0.5–1.5). Fish fed 0.3% EPA+DHA with high ω6 (0.3% EPA+DHA↑ω6) had the highest increase in proportions (1.7–2.3-fold) and in concentrations (1.4-1.8-fold) of arachidonic acid (ARA). EPA showed the greatest decrease in proportion and in concentration (by ~½) in the 0.3% EPA+DHA↑ω6 fed fish compared to the other treatments. However, no differences were observed in EPA proportions among salmon fed the high ω3 (0.3 and 1.0% EPA+DHA) and balanced (1.4% EPA+DHA) diets, and DHA proportions were similar among all treatments. Further, the transcript expression of elovl5a was lowest in the 0.3% EPA+DHA↑ω6 fed fish, and correlated positively with 20:3ω3, 20:4ω3 and EPA:ARA in the head kidney. This indicates that high dietary 18:3ω3 promoted the synthesis of ω3 LC-PUFA. Dietary EPA+DHA levels had a positive impact on elovl5a, fadsd5 and srebp1 expression, and these transcripts positively correlated with tissue ΣMUFA. This supported the hypothesis that LC-PUFA synthesis is positively influenced by tissue MUFA levels in Atlantic salmon. The expression of pparaa was higher in the 0.3% EPA+DHA↑ω6 compared to the 0.3% EPA+DHA↑ω3 fed fish. Finally, significant correlations between head kidney fatty acid composition and the expression of eicosanoid synthesis-related transcripts (i.e., 5loxa, 5loxb, cox1, cox2, ptges2, ptges3, and pgds) illustrated the constitutive relationships among fatty acids and eicosanoid metabolism in salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Katan
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Xi Xue
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | | | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Christopher C Parrish
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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10
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Zhu KC, Zhang N, Liu BS, Guo L, Guo HY, Jiang SG, Zhang DC. Transcription factor pparαb activates fads2s to promote LC-PUFA biosynthesis in the golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:605-616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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11
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Zhu KC, Song L, Liu BS, Guo HY, Zhang N, Guo L, Jiang SG, Zhang DC. Functional characterization, tissue distribution and nutritional regulation of the Elovl4 gene in golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758). Gene 2020; 766:145144. [PMID: 32916248 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The elongases of very long-chain fatty acids (Elovls) are involved in the rate-limiting of the carbon chain elongation reaction in fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis in vertebrates. One member of the Elovls family, Elovl4, has been regarded as a critical enzyme involved in the biosynthesis pathway of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). To explore the role of Elovl4 in PUFA synthesis in Trachinotus ovatus, the cDNA of the Elovl4b gene is cloned from T. ovatus (ToElovl4b). The ORF of ToElovl4b was 918 bp and encoded 305 amino acid (aa) protein sequences. Sequence alignment showed that the deduced amino acids contained significant structural features of the Elovl4 family, such as a histidine box motif (HXXHH), multiple transmembrane domains and an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis revealed that ToElovl4b was highly conserved with that of Rachycentron canadum Elovl4b. Moreover, heterologous expression in yeast demonstrated that ToElovl4b could efficiently elongate 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6 and 20:5n-3 FAs up to 20:2n-6, 20:3n-6 and 22:5n-3, respectively. Furthermore, the tissue expression profile indicated that mRNA expression of ToElovl4b was higher in the gonads and brain than in other tissues. Additionally, nutritional regulation suggested the highest mRNA levels of ToElovl4b in liver and brain were under feeding with 1:1 FO-SO (fish oil, FO; soybean oil, SO) and 1:1 FO-CO (corn oil, CO)), respectively. These new insights were useful for understanding the molecular basis and regulation of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ling Song
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province 572018, PR China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya 572018, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province 572018, PR China.
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12
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Toll-Like Receptor 5 of Golden Pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758): Characterization, Promoter Activity and Functional Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165916. [PMID: 32824641 PMCID: PMC7460618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as important pattern recognition receptors, represent a significant component of fish immune systems and play an important role in resisting the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. The TLR5 subfamily contains two types of TLR5, the membrane form of TLR5 (TLR5M) and the soluble form of TLR5 (TLR5S), whose detailed functions have not been completely elucidated. In the present study, we first identified two genes, TLR5M (ToTLR5M) and TLR5S (ToTLR5S), from golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). The full-length ToTLR5M and ToTLR5S cDNA are 3644 bp and 2329 bp, respectively, comprising an open reading frame (ORF) of 2673 bp, encoding 890 amino acids, and an ORF of 1935 bp, encoding 644 amino acids. Both the ToTLR5s possess representative TLR domains; however, only ToTLR5M has transmembrane and intracellular TIR domains. Moreover, the transcription of two ToTLR5s was significantly upregulated after stimulation by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and flagellin in both immune-related tissues (liver, intestine, blood, kidney, and skin) and nonimmune-related tissue (muscle). Furthermore, the results of bioinformatic and promoter analysis show that the transcription factors GATA-1 (GATA Binding Protein 1), C/EBPalpha (CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha), and ICSBP (Interferon (IFN) consensus sequence binding protein) may play a positive role in moderating the expression of two ToTLR5s. Overexpression of ToTLR5M and ToTLR5S notably increases NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) activity. Additionally, the binding assay revealed that two rToTLR5s can bind specifically to bacteria and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) containing Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio vulnificus, Escherichia coli, Photobacterium damselae, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, LPS, poly(I:C), flagellin, and peptidoglycan (PGN). In conclusion, the present study may help to elucidate the function of ToTLR5M/S and clarify their possible roles in the fish immune response to bacterial infection.
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Zhu KC, Liu BS, Guo HY, Zhang N, Guo L, Jiang SG, Zhang DC. Functional analysis of two MyoDs revealed their role in the activation of myomixer expression in yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) (Hottuyn, 1782). Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:1081-1090. [PMID: 31756488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Myoblast determination protein (MyoD), a muscle-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, plays a pivotal role in regulating skeletal muscle growth and development. However, the regulation mechanism of MyoD has not been determined in marine fishes. In the present study, we isolated the MyoD1 (AlMyoD1) and MyoD2 (AlMyoD2) genomic sequences and analyzed the expression patterns in different tissues of yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). The open reading frame (ORF) sequences of AlMyoD1 and AlMyoD2 encoded 297 and 271 amino acids possessing three common characteristic domains, respectively, containing a myogenic basic domain, a bHLH domain, and a ser-rich region (helix III). Phylogenetic and genome structure analyses exhibited classic phylogeny and highly conserved exon/intron architecture. Furthermore, the AlMyoD1 and AlMyoD2 transcription levels were higher in white muscle than in the other tissues. In order to further study AlMyoD function in muscle, promoter sequence analysis found that several E-box binding sites were present. Additionally, binding sites of Almyomixer involved in mammal myoblast fusion, which expression was also the highest in white muscle, were found in the promoter of AlMyoD. Pomoter activity assays further confirmed that both AlMyoD1 and AlMyoD2 can dramatically activate Almyomixer expression, and the AlMyoD1 M2 and AlMyoD2 M5 E-box binding sites were functionally important for Almyomixer transcription based on mutation analysis and electrophoretic mobile shift assays (EMSA). In summary, two MyoDs play a core role in Almyomixer regulation and may promote myofibre formation during muscle development and growth by regulating Almyomixer expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Yang M, Jinpeng C, Wang Y, Wang Q, Wang S, Wei S, Qin Q. Nuclear factor kappa B/p65 plays a positive role in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ expression in orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:101-107. [PMID: 32259581 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a critical regulator of immune and inflammatory responses with crucial roles in various pathophysiologic conditions involving cell survival and death. Recent studies in mammals showed that NF-κB was also involved in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)-mediated immune responses However, the mechanism by which NF-κB regulates PPARδ in teleosts remains unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the potential role of NF-κB/p65 (Ecp65) in the immune response stimulated by various pathogens in the grouper Epinephelus coioides. Ecp65 expression was significantly induced soon after infection with lipopolysaccharide, nervous necrosis virus, poly(I:C), and zymosan A. We also analyzed the promoter to determine the regulatory effect of Ecp65 on PPARδ expression, using progressive EcPPARδ promoter deletion mutations. Among the five truncated mutants, the luciferase reporter activity of the PPARδ-5 promoter region was highest in response to Ecp65, indicating that the core p65-binding region was located in the PPARδ-5 promoter region (+122 bp to +383 bp). Mutation analyses indicated that the luciferase reporter activity of the EcPPARδ promoter was dramatically decreased by mutation of the M3 (+305 bp to +324 bp) and M4 (+346 bp to +365 bp) binding sites, respectively. We further confirmed that Ecp65 bound to the M3 and M4 binding sites in the 5'-untranslated region of EcPPARδ by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Finally, overexpression of Ecp65 in vitro notably promoted the transcription of EcPPARδ, interferon-related genes, and several inflammatory cytokines. This study demonstrated that Ecp65 plays an important role in modulating the innate immune responses in groupers. These results also further our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the transcriptional regulation of PPARs by p65 in bony fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chen Jinpeng
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shina Wei
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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15
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Emam M, Katan T, Caballero-Solares A, Taylor RG, Parrish KS, Rise ML, Parrish CC. Interaction between ω6 and ω3 fatty acids of different chain lengths regulates Atlantic salmon hepatic gene expression and muscle fatty acid profiles. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190648. [PMID: 32536300 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Atlantic salmon smolts (approx. 20-months old) were fed experimental diets with different combinations of omega-6:omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) (high-ω6, high-ω3, or balanced) and eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA) levels (0.3, 1.0 or 1.4%) for 12 weeks. Muscle FA (% total FA) reflected dietary C18-polyunsaturated FA; however, muscle EPA per cent and content (mg g-1) were not different in salmon fed high-ω3 or balanced diets. Muscle DHA per cent was similar among treatments, while DHA content increased in fish fed 1.4% EPA + DHA, compared with those fed 0.3-1.0% EPA + DHA combined with high-ω6 FA. Muscle 20:3ω6 (DGLA) content was highest in those fed high-ω6 with 0.3% EPA + DHA. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses on liver RNA showed that the monounsaturated FA synthesis-related gene, scdb, was upregulated in fish fed 1.0% EPA + DHA with high-ω6 compared to those fed 0.3% EPA + DHA. In high-ω3-fed salmon, liver elovl2 transcript levels were higher with 0.3% EPA + DHA than with 1.0% EPA + DHA. In high-ω6-fed fish, elovl2 did not vary with EPA + DHA levels, but it was positively correlated with muscle ARA, 22:4ω3 and DGLA. These results suggest dietary 18:3ω3 elongation contributed to maintaining muscle EPA + DHA levels despite a two- to threefold change in dietary proportions, while 18:2ω6 with 0.3% EPA + DHA increased muscle DGLA more than arachidonic acid (ARA). Positive correlations between hepatic elovl2 and fabp10a with muscle ω6:ω3 and EPA + DHA + ARA, respectively, were confirmed by reanalysing data from a previous salmon trial with lower variations in dietary EPA + DHA and ω6:ω3 ratios. This article is part of the theme issue 'The next horizons for lipids as 'trophic biomarkers': evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Emam
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Tomer Katan
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Albert Caballero-Solares
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
| | | | - Kathleen S Parrish
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
| | - Christopher C Parrish
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1C 5S7
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Functional Analysis of IRF1 Reveals its Role in the Activation of the Type I IFN Pathway in Golden Pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072652. [PMID: 32290244 PMCID: PMC7177527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), a transcription factor with a novel helix–turn–helix DNA-binding domain, plays a crucial role in innate immunity by regulating the type I IFN signaling pathway. However, the regulatory mechanism through which IRF1 regulates type I IFN in fish is not yet elucidated. In the present study, IRF1 was characterized from golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (designated ToIRF1), and its immune function was identified to elucidate the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of ToIFNa3. The full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) of IRF1 is 1763 bp, including a 900-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 299-amino-acid polypeptide. The putative protein sequence has 42.7–71.7% identity to fish IRF1 and possesses a representative conserved domain (a DNA-binding domain (DBD) at the N-terminus). The genomic DNA sequence of ToIRF1 consists of eight exons and seven introns. Moreover, ToIRF1 is constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with higher levels being observed in immune-relevant tissues (whole blood, gill, and skin). Additionally, Cryptocaryon irritans challenge in vivo increases ToIRF1 expression in the skin as determined by Western blotting (WB); however, protein levels of ToIRF1 in the gill did not change significantly. The subcellular localization indicates that ToIRF1 is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm with or without polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) induction. Furthermore, overexpression of ToIRF1 or ToIFNa3 shows that ToIRF1 can notably activate ToIFNa3 and interferon signaling molecule expression. Promoter sequence analysis finds that several interferon stimulating response element (ISRE) binding sites are present in the promoter of ToIFNa3. Additionally, truncation, point mutation, and electrophoretic mobile shift (EMSA) assays confirmed that ToIRF1 M5 ISRE binding sites are functionally important for ToIFNa3 transcription. These results may help to illuminate the roles of teleost IRF1 in the transcriptional mechanisms of type I IFN in the immune process.
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Zhu KC, Guo HY, Zhang N, Liu BS, Guo L, Jiang SG, Zhang DC. Structural and expression analysis of golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus IRF5 and its role in regulation of type I IFN. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 97:313-321. [PMID: 31866451 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a mediator of the type I IFN signalling pathways, thereby playing a key role in innate immunity. However, the detailed mechanism through which IRF5 regulates type I IFN in fish remains unclearly. In the present study, we first describe the identification of IRF5 (ToIRF5) from golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) and its features at the genomic sequence and expression level. The genomic DNA sequence consists of eight exons and seven introns. The full-length ToIRF5 cDNA is composed of 2, 059 bp and encodes for 499 amino acid polypeptides. The putative protein sequence shares 66.3%-82.9% identity to fish IRF5 and possesses three representative conserved domains (a DNA-binding domain (DBD) at the N-terminus, an IRF-associated domain (IAD), and a virus-activated domain (VAD) at the C-terminus) and one highly variable domain (middle region (MR)). Furthermore, the ToIRF5 transcript is constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with higher levels observed in the immune relevant tissues. The mRNA levels of ToIRF5 are increased by polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid [poly (I: C)], lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagellin stimulation in the immune- and nonimmune-related tissues. The subcellular localization indicates that ToIRF5 is mainly localized in the cytoplasm with or without poly (I: C) induction. In addition, to explore whether ToIRF5 is a modulator of ToIFNa3, promoter analysis is performed. The region from -200 bp to +1 bp is identified as the core promoter by different truncated mutants of ToIFNa3. Mutation analyse declares that the activity of the ToIFNa3-5 promoter significantly decreases after targeted mutation of M2 binding sites. Moreover, overexpression of ToIRF5 in vitro memorably aggrandizes the expression of some IFN/IRF-based signalling pathway genes. These results provide new insights into the roles of teleost IRF5 in transcriptional mechanisms of type I IFN in the immunity process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Zhu KC, Liu BS, Zhang N, Guo HY, Guo L, Jiang SG, Zhang DC. Interferon regulatory factor 2 plays a positive role in interferon gamma expression in golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:107-113. [PMID: 31805410 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In fish, interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) is a regulator of the type I IFN-dependent immune response, thereby playing a crucial role in innate immunity. However, the specific mechanism by which IRF2 regulates type II IFN in fish remains unclear. In the present study, first, to analyse the potential role of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) IRF2 (ToIRF2) in the immune response, the mRNA level of ToIRF2 was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) after parasite infection. ToIRF2 was upregulated at early time points in both local infection sites (skin and gill) and system immune tissues (liver, spleen, and head-kidney) after stimulation with Cryptocaryon irritans. Second, to investigate the modulation effect of ToIRF2 on type II IFN (interferon gamma, IFNγ) expression, a promoter analysis was performed using progressive deletion mutations of ToIFNγ. The expression level of IFNγ-5 was highest among the five truncated mutants in response to ToIRF2, indicating that the core promoter region was located from -189 bp to +120 bp, which included the IRF2 binding sites. Mutation analyses showed that the activity of the ToIFNγ promoter dramatically decreased after the targeted mutation of the M1, M2 or M3 binding sites. Additionally, electrophoretic mobile shift assay (EMSA) confirmed that IRF2 interacted with the M1 binding site in the ToIFNγ promoter region to dominate ToIFNγ expression. Finally, overexpressing ToIRF2 in vitro notably increased ToIFNγ and the transcription of several type II IFN/IRF-based signalling pathway genes. These results suggested that ToIRF2 might be involved in the host defence against C. irritans infection and contribute to a better understanding of the transcriptional mechanisms by which ToIRF2 regulates type II IFN in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Dong Y, Wang S, You C, Xie D, Jiang Q, Li Y. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (Hnf4α) is involved in transcriptional regulation of Δ6/Δ5 fatty acyl desaturase (Fad) gene expression in marine teleost Siganus canaliculatus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 239:110353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Zhu KC, Guo HY, Zhang N, Liu BS, Guo L, Jiang SG, Zhang DC. Functional characterization of IRF8 regulation of type II IFN in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:1-9. [PMID: 31465868 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) increases type I IFN transcription levels by binding to IFN promoters, thereby playing a role in innate immunity. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism through which IRF8 regulates type II IFN in fish remains ambiguous. In the present study, two genes from the golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus), IRF8 (ToIRF8) and IFN gamma (ToIFNγ), were identified in the IFN/IRF-based signalling pathway. The full-length ToIRF8 cDNA was composed of 2,141 bp and encoded a 421 amino acid polypeptide; the genomic DNA was 2,917 bp in length and consisted of 8 exons and 7 introns. The putative protein showed the highest sequence identity (90-92%) with fish IRF8 and possessed a DNA-binding domain (DBD), an IRF-association domain (IAD) and a nuclear localization signal (NLS) motif consistent with those of IRF8 in other vertebrates. Furthermore, the ToIRF8 transcripts were expressed in all examined tissues of healthy fish, with higher levels observed in the central nervous and immune relevant tissues. They were upregulated by polyinosinic acid: polycytidylic acid [poly (I: C)], lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagellin treatments in the blood, liver, intestine and kidney. The results from assays of subcellular localization showed that ToIRF8 was localized to the cytoplasm. Moreover, to investigate whether ToIRF8 was a regulator of ToIFNγ, a promoter analysis was performed using progressive deletion mutations of ToIFNγ. The results indicated that the region from -601 bp to -468 bp includes the core promoter. Mutation analyses indicated that the activity of the ToIFNγ promoter significantly decreased after the targeted mutation of the M1-M3 binding sites. Additionally, overexpressed ToIRF8 in vitro notably increased the expression of several IFN/IRF-based signalling pathway genes. These results suggest that IRF8 is vital in the defence of T. ovatus against bacterial infection and contributes to a better understanding of the transcriptional mechanisms of ToIRF8 on type II IFN in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hua-Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Suo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Liang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Gui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Dian-Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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