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Verbruggen SW. Role of the osteocyte in bone metastasis - The importance of networking. J Bone Oncol 2024; 44:100526. [PMID: 38304485 PMCID: PMC10831278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic bone disease is a complex condition resulting from the migration and colonization of cancer cells from their primary site to the bone microenvironment, where they typically develop a metastatic niche. Osteocytes, the most abundant cells in bone tissue and the master regulators of bone remodelling, are increasingly thought to play a crucial role in this process through intricate interactions with cancer cells. This review covers the recent progress made in exploring the multifaceted interactions between osteocytes and cancer cells in the metastatic microenvironment, highlighting the importance of signalling networks in bone metastases. Though these interactions are particularly complex, the renewed focus of researchers on osteocytes within the last 5 years has uncovered multiple new potential molecular mechanisms underlying osteocyte-mediated regulation of cancer cell survival, proliferation, and invasion. A number of key papers will be discussed in detail, emphasizing the significance of signalling pathways and molecular crosstalk, and exploring potential therapeutic strategies targeting osteocyte-cancer cell interactions to improve patient treatment and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefaan W. Verbruggen
- Centre for Predictive in vitro Models and Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- Digital Environment Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
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2
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Xin Y, Li K, Huang M, Liang C, Siemann D, Wu L, Tan Y, Tang X. Biophysics in tumor growth and progression: from single mechano-sensitive molecules to mechanomedicine. Oncogene 2023; 42:3457-3490. [PMID: 37864030 PMCID: PMC10656290 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from physical sciences in oncology increasingly suggests that the interplay between the biophysical tumor microenvironment and genetic regulation has significant impact on tumor progression. Especially, tumor cells and the associated stromal cells not only alter their own cytoskeleton and physical properties but also remodel the microenvironment with anomalous physical properties. Together, these altered mechano-omics of tumor tissues and their constituents fundamentally shift the mechanotransduction paradigms in tumorous and stromal cells and activate oncogenic signaling within the neoplastic niche to facilitate tumor progression. However, current findings on tumor biophysics are limited, scattered, and often contradictory in multiple contexts. Systematic understanding of how biophysical cues influence tumor pathophysiology is still lacking. This review discusses recent different schools of findings in tumor biophysics that have arisen from multi-scale mechanobiology and the cutting-edge technologies. These findings range from the molecular and cellular to the whole tissue level and feature functional crosstalk between mechanotransduction and oncogenic signaling. We highlight the potential of these anomalous physical alterations as new therapeutic targets for cancer mechanomedicine. This framework reconciles opposing opinions in the field, proposes new directions for future cancer research, and conceptualizes novel mechanomedicine landscape to overcome the inherent shortcomings of conventional cancer diagnosis and therapies.
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Grants
- R35 GM150812 NIGMS NIH HHS
- This work was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project no. 11972316, Y.T.), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (Project no. JCYJ20200109142001798, SGDX2020110309520303, and JCYJ20220531091002006, Y.T.), General Research Fund of Hong Kong Research Grant Council (PolyU 15214320, Y. T.), Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF18191421, Y.T.), Hong Kong Polytechnic University (1-CD75, 1-ZE2M, and 1-ZVY1, Y.T.), the Cancer Pilot Research Award from UF Health Cancer Center (X. T.), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number R35GM150812 (X. T.), the National Science Foundation under grant number 2308574 (X. T.), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-23-1-0393 (X. T.), the University Scholar Program (X. T.), UF Research Opportunity Seed Fund (X. T.), the Gatorade Award (X. T.), and the National Science Foundation REU Site at UF: Engineering for Healthcare (Douglas Spearot and Malisa Sarntinoranont). We are deeply grateful for the insightful discussions with and generous support from all members of Tang (UF)’s and Tan (PolyU)’s laboratories and all staff members of the MAE/BME/ECE/Health Cancer Center at UF and BME at PolyU.
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xin
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keming Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chenyu Liang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dietmar Siemann
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lizi Wu
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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3
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Dubois C, Houel-Renault L, Erard M, Boustany NN, Westbrook N. Förster resonance energy transfer efficiency measurements on vinculin tension sensors at focal adhesions using a simple and cost-effective setup. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:082808. [PMID: 37441563 PMCID: PMC10335361 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.8.082808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Significance Forces inside cells play a fundamental role in tissue growth, affecting important processes such as cancer cell migration or tissue repair after injury. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based tension sensors are a remarkable tool for studying these forces and should be made easier to use. Aim We prove that absolute FRET efficiency can be measured on a simple setup, an order of magnitude more cost-effective than a standard FRET microscopy setup, by applying it to vinculin tension sensors (VinTS) at the focal adhesions of live CHO-K1 cells. Approach Our setup located at Université Paris-Saclay acquires donor and acceptor fluorescence in parallel on two low-cost CMOS cameras and uses two LEDs for rapid switching of the excitation wavelength at a reduced cost. The calibration required to extract FRET efficiency was achieved using a single construct (TSMod). FRET efficiencies were measured for VinTS and the tail-less control VinTL, lacking the actin-binding domain of vinculin. Measurements were confirmed on the same cell type using a more standard intensity-based setup located at Rutgers University. Results The average FRET efficiency of VinTS (22.0 % ± 4 % ) over more than 10,000 focal adhesions is significantly lower (p < 10 - 6 ) than that of VinTL (30.4 % ± 5 % ), our control that is insensitive to force, in agreement with the force exerted on vinculin at focal adhesions. Attachment of the CHO-K1 cells on fibronectin decreases FRET efficiency, thus increasing the force, compared with poly-lysine. FRET efficiency for the VinTL control is consistent with all measurements currently available in the literature, confirming the validity of our measurements and hence of our simpler setup. Conclusions Force measurements, resolved spatially inside a cell, can be achieved using FRET-based tension sensors with a cost effective intensity-based setup. This will facilitate combining FRET with techniques for applying controlled forces such as optical tweezers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Dubois
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
| | - Ludivine Houel-Renault
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, CNRS, Centre de Photonique pour la Biologie et les Matériaux, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Erard
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Nada N. Boustany
- Rutgers University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States
| | - Nathalie Westbrook
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d’Optique Graduate School, CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Palaiseau, France
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4
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Anloague A, Delgado-Calle J. Osteocytes: New Kids on the Block for Cancer in Bone Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2645. [PMID: 37174109 PMCID: PMC10177382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a central role in the onset and progression of cancer in the bone. Cancer cells, either from tumors originating in the bone or from metastatic cancer cells from other body systems, are located in specialized niches where they interact with different cells of the bone marrow. These interactions transform the bone into an ideal niche for cancer cell migration, proliferation, and survival and cause an imbalance in bone homeostasis that severely affects the integrity of the skeleton. During the last decade, preclinical studies have identified new cellular mechanisms responsible for the dependency between cancer cells and bone cells. In this review, we focus on osteocytes, long-lived cells residing in the mineral matrix that have recently been identified as key players in the spread of cancer in bone. We highlight the most recent discoveries on how osteocytes support tumor growth and promote bone disease. Additionally, we discuss how the reciprocal crosstalk between osteocytes and cancer cells provides the opportunity to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat cancer in the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric Anloague
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Jesus Delgado-Calle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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5
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Li K, Sun X, Minami K, Tamari K, Ogawa K, Li H, Ma H, Zhou M, Na S, Li BY, Yokota H. Proteomes from AMPK-inhibited peripheral blood mononuclear cells suppress the progression of breast cancer and bone metastasis. Theranostics 2023; 13:1247-1263. [PMID: 36923539 PMCID: PMC10008730 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: During a developmental process, embryos employ varying tactics to remove unwanted cells. Using a procedure analogous to some of the embryonic cells, we generated a tumor-eliminating conditioned medium (CM) from AMPK-inhibited lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: AMPK signaling was inhibited by the application of a pharmacological agent, Dorsomorphin, and the therapeutic effects of their conditioned medium (CM) were evaluated using in vitro cell cultures, ex vivo breast cancer tissues, and a mouse model of mammary tumors and tumor-induced osteolysis. The regulatory mechanism was evaluated using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, gene overexpression, and RNA interference. Results: While AMPK signaling acted mostly anti-tumorigenic, we paradoxically inhibited it to build induced tumor-suppressing cells and their tumor-eliminating CM. In a mouse model of breast cancer, the application of AMPK-inhibited lymphocyte-derived CM reduced mammary tumors additively to a chemotherapeutic agent, Taxol. It also prevented bone loss in the tumor-bearing tibia. Furthermore, the application of CM from the patient-derived peripheral blood diminished ex vivo breast cancer tissues isolated from the same patients. Notably, proteins enriched in CM included Moesin (MSN), Enolase 1 (ENO1), and polyA-binding protein 1 (PABPC1), which are considered tumorigenic in many types of cancer. The tumor-suppressing actions of MSN and ENO1 were at least in part mediated by Metadherin (Mtdh), which is known to promote metastatic seeding. Conclusion: We demonstrated that PBMCs can be used to generate tumor-suppressive proteomes, and extracellular tumor-suppressing proteins such as MSN, ENO1, and PABPC1 are converted from tumor-promoting factors inside cancer cells. The results support the possibility of developing autologous blood-based therapy, in which tumor-suppressing proteins are enriched in engineered PBMC-derived CM by the inhibition of AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kazumasa Minami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tamari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hudie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hailan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sungsoo Na
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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6
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Suppression of osteosarcoma progression by engineered lymphocyte-derived proteomes. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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7
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Dystrophin missense mutations alter focal adhesion tension and mechanotransduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205536119. [PMID: 35700360 PMCID: PMC9231619 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205536119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a mechanical organ that not only produces force but also uses mechanical stimuli as a signal to regulate cellular responses. Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy are lethal muscle wasting diseases that affect 1 in 3,500 boys and is caused by the absence or malfunction of dystrophin protein, respectively. There is a lack of understanding on how the integration of these mechanical signals is dysregulated in muscular dystrophy and how they may contribute to disease progression. In this study, we show that patient-relevant dystrophin mutations alter the mechanical signaling axis in muscle cells, leading to impaired migration. This work proposes dystrophin as a component of the cellular force-sensing machinery, furthering our knowledge in the pathomechanism of muscular dystrophy. Dystrophin is an essential muscle protein that contributes to cell membrane stability by mechanically linking the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix via an adhesion complex called the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex. The absence or impaired function of dystrophin causes muscular dystrophy. Focal adhesions (FAs) are also mechanosensitive adhesion complexes that connect the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. However, the interplay between dystrophin and FA force transmission has not been investigated. Using a vinculin-based bioluminescent tension sensor, we measured FA tension in transgenic C2C12 myoblasts expressing wild-type (WT) dystrophin, a nonpathogenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (I232M), or two missense mutations associated with Duchenne (L54R), or Becker muscular dystrophy (L172H). Our data revealed cross talk between dystrophin and FAs, as the expression of WT or I232M dystrophin increased FA tension compared to dystrophin-less nontransgenic myoblasts. In contrast, the expression of L54R or L172H did not increase FA tension, indicating that these disease-causing mutations compromise the mechanical function of dystrophin as an FA allosteric regulator. Decreased FA tension caused by these mutations manifests as defective migration, as well as decreased Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) activation, possibly by the disruption of the ability of FAs to transmit forces between the extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton. Our results indicate that dystrophin influences FA tension and suggest that dystrophin disease-causing missense mutations may disrupt a cellular tension-sensing pathway in dystrophic skeletal muscle.
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8
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Molecular sensors for detection of tumor-stroma crosstalk. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 154:47-91. [PMID: 35459472 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In most solid tumors, malignant cells coexist with non-cancerous host tissue comprised of a variety of extracellular matrix components and cell types, notably fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. It is becoming increasingly evident that the non-cancerous host tissue, often referred to as the tumor stroma or the tumor microenvironment, wields tremendous influence in the proliferation, survival, and metastatic ability of cancer cells. The tumor stroma has an active biological role in the transmission of signals, such as growth factors and chemokines that activate oncogenic signaling pathways by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. Moreover, the constituents of the stroma define the mechanical properties and the physical features of solid tumors, which influence cancer progression and response to therapy. Inspired by the emerging importance of tumor-stroma crosstalk and oncogenic physical forces, numerous biosensors, or advanced imaging and analysis techniques have been developed and applied to investigate complex and challenging questions in cancer research. These techniques facilitate measurements and biological readouts at scales ranging from subcellular to tissue-level with unprecedented level of spatial and temporal precision. Here we examine the application of biosensor technology for studying the complex and dynamic multiscale interactions of the tumor-host system.
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9
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Sun X, Li K, Hase M, Zha R, Feng Y, Li BY, Yokota H. Suppression of breast cancer-associated bone loss with osteoblast proteomes via Hsp90ab1/moesin-mediated inhibition of TGFβ/FN1/CD44 signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:929-943. [PMID: 34976221 PMCID: PMC8692912 DOI: 10.7150/thno.66148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone is a frequent site of metastases from breast cancer, but existing therapeutic options are not satisfactory. Although osteoblasts have active roles in cancer progression by assisting the vicious bone-destructive cycle, we employed a counterintuitive approach of activating pro-tumorigenic Wnt signaling and examined the paradoxical possibility of developing osteoblast-derived tumor-suppressive, bone-protective secretomes. Methods: Wnt signaling was activated by the overexpression of Lrp5 and β-catenin in osteoblasts as well as a pharmacological agent (BML284), and the therapeutic effects of their conditioned medium (CM) were evaluated using in vitro cell cultures, ex vivo breast cancer tissues, and a mouse model of osteolysis. To explore the unconventional regulatory mechanism of the action of Wnt-activated osteoblasts, whole-genome proteomics analysis was conducted, followed by immunoprecipitation and gain- and loss-of-function assays. Results: While osteoblasts did not present any innate tumor-suppressing ability, we observed that the overexpression of Lrp5 and β-catenin in Wnt signaling made their CM tumor-suppressive and bone-protective. The growth of breast cancer cells and tissues was inhibited by Lrp5-overexpressing CM (Lrp5 CM), which suppressed mammary tumors and tumor-driven bone destruction in a mouse model. Lrp5 CM also inhibited the differentiation and maturation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts by downregulating NFATc1 and cathepsin K. The overexpression of Lrp5 upregulated osteopontin that enriched Hsp90ab1 (Hsp90 beta) and moesin (MSN) in Lrp5 CM. Hsp90ab1 and MSN are atypical tumor-suppressing proteins since they are multi-tasking, moonlighting proteins that promote tumorigenesis in tumor cells. Importantly, Hsp90ab1 immuno-precipitated latent TGFβ and inactivated TGFβ, whereas MSN interacted with CD44, a cancer stem-cell marker, as well as fibronectin 1, an ECM protein. Furthermore, Hsp90ab1 and MSN downregulated KDM3A that demethylated histones, together with PDL1 that inhibited immune responses. Conclusion: In contrast to inducing tumor-enhancing secretomes and chemoresistance in general by inhibiting varying oncogenic pathways in chemotherapy, this study presented the unexpected outcome of generation tumor-suppressive secretomes by activating the pro-tumorigenic Wnt pathway. The results shed light on the contrasting role of oncogenic signaling in tumor cells and osteoblast-derived secretomes, suggesting a counterintuitive option for the treatment of breast cancer-associated bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Misato Hase
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Mie 514, Japan
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,✉ Corresponding authors: Bai-Yan Li and Hiroki Yokota
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA,✉ Corresponding authors: Bai-Yan Li and Hiroki Yokota
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10
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Sukanya VS, Rath SN. Microfluidic Biosensor-Based Devices for Rapid Diagnosis and Effective Anti-cancer Therapeutic Monitoring for Breast Cancer Metastasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1379:319-339. [PMID: 35760998 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04039-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer with unpredictable metastatic recurrence is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Early cancer detection and optimized therapy are the principal determining factors for increased survival rate. Worldwide, researchers and clinicians are in search of efficient strategies for the timely management of cancer progression. Efficient preclinical models provide information on cancer initiation, malignancy progression, relapse, and drug efficacy. The distinct histopathological features and clinical heterogeneity allows no single model to mimic breast tumor. However, engineering three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models incorporating cells and biophysical cues using a combination of organoid culture, 3D printing, and microfluidic technology could recapitulate the tumor microenvironment. These models serve to be preferable predictive models bridging the translational research gap in drug development. Microfluidic device is a cost-effective advanced in vitro model for cancer research, diagnosis, and drug assay under physiologically relevant conditions. Integrating a biosensor with microfluidics allows rapid real-time analytical validation to provide highly sensitive, specific, reproducible, and reliable outcomes. In this manner, the multi-system approach in identifying biomarkers associated with cancer facilitates early detection, therapeutic window optimization, and post-treatment evaluation.This chapter showcases the advancements related to in vitro breast cancer metastasis models focusing on microfluidic devices. The chapter aims to provide an overview of microfluidic biosensor-based devices for cancer detection and high-throughput chemotherapeutic drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Sukanya
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Laboratory (RMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Laboratory (RMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India.
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11
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Liu S, Wu D, Sun X, Fan Y, Zha R, Jalali A, Feng Y, Li K, Sano T, Vike N, Li F, Rispoli J, Sudo A, Liu J, Robling A, Nakshatri H, Li BY, Yokota H. Overexpression of Lrp5 enhanced the anti-breast cancer effects of osteocytes in bone. Bone Res 2021; 9:32. [PMID: 34230453 PMCID: PMC8260600 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone, which is a frequent site of breast cancer metastasis. Here, we focused on Wnt signaling and evaluated tumor-osteocyte interactions. In animal experiments, mammary tumor cells were inoculated into the mammary fat pad and tibia. The role of Lrp5-mediated Wnt signaling was examined by overexpressing and silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes and establishing a conditional knockout mouse model. The results revealed that administration of osteocytes or their conditioned medium (CM) inhibited tumor progression and osteolysis. Osteocytes overexpressing Lrp5 or β-catenin displayed strikingly elevated tumor-suppressive activity, accompanied by downregulation of tumor-promoting chemokines and upregulation of apoptosis-inducing and tumor-suppressing proteins such as p53. The antitumor effect was also observed with osteocyte-derived CM that was pretreated with a Wnt-activating compound. Notably, silencing Lrp5 in tumors inhibited tumor progression, while silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes in conditional knockout mice promoted tumor progression. Osteocytes exhibited elevated Lrp5 expression in response to tumor cells, implying that osteocytes protect bone through canonical Wnt signaling. Thus, our results suggest that the Lrp5/β-catenin axis activates tumor-promoting signaling in tumor cells but tumor-suppressive signaling in osteocytes. We envision that osteocytes with Wnt activation potentially offer a novel cell-based therapy for breast cancer and osteolytic bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Aydin Jalali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tomohiko Sano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Nicole Vike
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Fangjia Li
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph Rispoli
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Akihiro Sudo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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12
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Mechanical tibial loading remotely suppresses brain tumors by dopamine-mediated downregulation of CCN4. Bone Res 2021; 9:26. [PMID: 34031366 PMCID: PMC8144433 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading to the bone is known to be beneficial for bone homeostasis and for suppressing tumor-induced osteolysis in the loaded bone. However, whether loading to a weight-bearing hind limb can inhibit distant tumor growth in the brain is unknown. We examined the possibility of bone-to-brain mechanotransduction using a mouse model of a brain tumor by focusing on the response to Lrp5-mediated Wnt signaling and dopamine in tumor cells. The results revealed that loading the tibia with elevated levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, markedly reduced the progression of the brain tumors. The simultaneous application of fluphenazine (FP), an antipsychotic dopamine modulator, enhanced tumor suppression. Dopamine and FP exerted antitumor effects through the dopamine receptors DRD1 and DRD2, respectively. Notably, dopamine downregulated Lrp5 via DRD1 in tumor cells. A cytokine array analysis revealed that the reduction in CCN4 was critical for loading-driven, dopamine-mediated tumor suppression. The silencing of Lrp5 reduced CCN4, and the administration of CCN4 elevated oncogenic genes such as MMP9, Runx2, and Snail. In summary, this study demonstrates that mechanical loading regulates dopaminergic signaling and remotely suppresses brain tumors by inhibiting the Lrp5-CCN4 axis via DRD1, indicating the possibility of developing an adjuvant bone-mediated loading therapy.
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13
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Mishra YG, Manavathi B. Focal adhesion dynamics in cellular function and disease. Cell Signal 2021; 85:110046. [PMID: 34004332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acting as a bridge between the cytoskeleton of the cell and the extra cellular matrix (ECM), the cell-ECM adhesions with integrins at their core, play a major role in cell signalling to direct mechanotransduction, cell migration, cell cycle progression, proliferation, differentiation, growth and repair. Biochemically, these adhesions are composed of diverse, yet an organised group of structural proteins, receptors, adaptors, various enzymes including protein kinases, phosphatases, GTPases, proteases, etc. as well as scaffolding molecules. The major integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) characterised are focal adhesions (FAs), invadosomes (podosomes and invadopodia), hemidesmosomes (HDs) and reticular adhesions (RAs). The varied composition and regulation of the IACs and their signalling, apart from being an integral part of normal cell survival, has been shown to be of paramount importance in various developmental and pathological processes. This review per-illustrates the recent advancements in the research of IACs, their crucial roles in normal as well as diseased states. We have also touched on few of the various methods that have been developed over the years to visualise IACs, measure the forces they exert and study their signalling and molecular composition. Having such pertinent roles in the context of various pathologies, these IACs need to be understood and studied to develop therapeutical targets. We have given an update to the studies done in recent years and described various techniques which have been applied to study these structures, thereby, providing context in furthering research with respect to IAC targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaswi Gayatri Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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14
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Hang X, He S, Dong Z, Minnick G, Rosenbohm J, Chen Z, Yang R, Chang L. Nanosensors for single cell mechanical interrogation. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 179:113086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Fischer LS, Rangarajan S, Sadhanasatish T, Grashoff C. Molecular Force Measurement with Tension Sensors. Annu Rev Biophys 2021; 50:595-616. [PMID: 33710908 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-101920-064756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cells to generate mechanical forces, but also to sense, adapt to, and respond to mechanical signals, is crucial for many developmental, postnatal homeostatic, and pathophysiological processes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular mechanotransduction have remained elusive for many decades, as techniques to visualize and quantify molecular forces across individual proteins in cells were missing. The development of genetically encoded molecular tension sensors now allows the quantification of piconewton-scale forces that act upon distinct molecules in living cells and even whole organisms. In this review, we discuss the physical principles, advantages, and limitations of this increasingly popular method. By highlighting current examples from the literature, we demonstrate how molecular tension sensors can be utilized to obtain access to previously unappreciated biophysical parameters that define the propagation of mechanical forces on molecular scales. We discuss how the methodology can be further developed and provide a perspective on how the technique could be applied to uncover entirely novel aspects of mechanobiology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Fischer
- Department of Quantitative Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster D-48149, Germany;
| | - Srishti Rangarajan
- Department of Quantitative Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster D-48149, Germany;
| | - Tanmay Sadhanasatish
- Department of Quantitative Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster D-48149, Germany;
| | - Carsten Grashoff
- Department of Quantitative Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Münster, Münster D-48149, Germany;
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16
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Nguyen HD, Sun X, Yokota H, Lin CC. Probing Osteocyte Functions in Gelatin Hydrogels with Tunable Viscoelasticity. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:1115-1126. [PMID: 33543929 PMCID: PMC10548335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone is an attractive site for metastatic cancer cells and has been considered as "soil" for promoting tumor growth. However, accumulating evidence suggests that some bone cells (e.g., osteocytes) can actually suppress cancer cell migration and invasion via direct cell-cell contact and/or through cytokine secretion. Toward designing a biomimetic niche for supporting 3D osteocyte culture, we present here a gelatin-based hydrogel system with independently tunable matrix stiffness and viscoelasticity. In particular, we synthesized a bifunctional macromer, gelatin-norbornene-boronic acid (i.e., GelNB-BA), for covalent cross-linking with multifunctional thiol linkers [e.g., four-arm poly(ethylene glycol)-thiol or PEG4SH] to form thiol-NB hydrogels. The immobilized BA moieties in the hydrogel readily formed reversible boronate ester bonds with 1,3-diols on physically entrapped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Adjusting the compositions of GelNB-BA, PEG4SH, and PVA afforded hydrogels with independently tunable elasticity and viscoelasticity. With this new dynamic hydrogel platform, we investigated matrix mechanics-induced growth and cytokine secretion of encapsulated MLO-A5 pre-osteocytes. We discovered that more compliant or viscoelastic gels promoted A5 cell growth. On the other hand, cells encapsulated in stiffer gels secreted higher amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Finally, conditioned media (CM) collected from the encapsulated MLO-A5 cells (i.e., A5-CM) strongly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and expression of tumor-activating genes. This new biomimetic hydrogel platform not only serves as a versatile matrix for investigating mechano-sensing in osteocytes but also provides a means to produce powerful anti-tumor CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han D. Nguyen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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17
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Feng Y, Liu S, Zha R, Sun X, Li K, Robling A, Li B, Yokota H. Mechanical Loading-Driven Tumor Suppression Is Mediated by Lrp5-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020267. [PMID: 33450808 PMCID: PMC7828232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advanced breast cancer and prostate cancer metastasize to varying organs including the bone. We show here that mechanical loading to the knee suppresses tumor growth in the loaded bone and the non-loaded mammary pad. Although lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) in osteocytes is necessary to induce loading-driven bone formation, loading-driven tumor suppression is regulated by Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms. Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhances tumor suppression, but without Lrp5 in osteocytes, mechanical loading elevates dopamine, chemerin, p53, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and reduces cholesterol and nexin. Their systemic changes contribute to inhibiting tumors without Lrp5. Osteoclast development is also inhibited by the load-driven regulation of chemerin and nexin. Abstract Bone is mechanosensitive and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5)-mediated Wnt signaling promotes loading-driven bone formation. While mechanical loading can suppress tumor growth, the question is whether Lrp5 mediates loading-driven tumor suppression. Herein, we examined the effect of Lrp5 using osteocyte-specific Lrp5 conditional knockout mice. All mice presented noticeable loading-driven tumor suppression in the loaded tibia and non-loaded mammary pad. The degree of suppression was more significant in wild-type than knockout mice. In all male and female mice, knee loading reduced cholesterol and elevated dopamine. It reduced tumor-promoting nexin, which was elevated by cholesterol and reduced by dopamine. By contrast, it elevated p53, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and chemerin, and they were regulated reversely by dopamine and cholesterol. Notably, Lrp5 overexpression in osteocytes enhanced tumor suppression, and osteoclast development was inhibited by chemerin. Collectively, this study identified Lrp5-dependent and independent mechanisms for tumor suppression. Lrp5 in osteocytes contributed to the loaded bone, while the Lrp5-independent regulation of dopamine- and cholesterol-induced systemic suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Baiyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Y.F.); (R.Z.); (X.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (H.Y.); Tel.: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-5177 (H.Y.); Fax: +86-451-8667-1354 (B.L.); +317-278-2455 (H.Y.)
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18
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Sun X, Li K, Zha R, Liu S, Fan Y, Wu D, Hase M, Aryal UK, Lin CC, Li BY, Yokota H. Preventing tumor progression to the bone by induced tumor-suppressing MSCs. Theranostics 2021; 11:5143-5159. [PMID: 33859739 PMCID: PMC8039940 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advanced breast cancer metastasizes to many organs including bone, but few effective treatments are available. Here we report that induced tumor-suppressing (iTS) MSCs protected bone from metastases while un-induced MSCs did not. Methods: iTS MSCs were generated by overexpressing Lrp5, β-catenin, Snail, or Akt. Their tumor-suppressing capability was tested using a mouse model of mammary tumors and bone metastasis, human breast cancer tissues and cancer cell lines. Results: In a mouse model, the induced MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC CM) reduced mammary tumors and suppressed tumor-induced osteolysis. Tumor-promoting genes such as CXCL2 and LIF, as well as PDL1, a blocker of T-cell-based immune responses were downregulated. Proteomics analysis revealed that heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90ab1), calreticulin (Calr) and peptidylprolyl isomerase B (Ppib), which are highly expressed intracellular proteins in many cancers, were enriched in MSC CM as atypical tumor suppressors. Thus, overexpressing selected genes that were otherwise tumorigenic rendered MSCs the tumor-suppressing capability through the atypical suppressors, as well as p53 and Trail. Notably, the inhibitory effect of Lrp5- and Akt-overexpressing MSC CMs, Hsp90ab1 and Calr presented selective inhibition to tumor cells than non-tumor cells. The development of bone-resorbing osteoclasts was also suppressed by MSC CMs. Conclusion: Collectively, the results showed an anti-tumor effect of iTS MSCs and suggested novel therapeutic approaches to suppress the progression of tumors into the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Misato Hase
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Mie 514, Japan
| | - Uma K. Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chien-Chi Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Hiroki Yokota, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana U. Purdue U. Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, SL220, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Phone: 317-278-5177, Fax: 317-278-2455, E-mail: ; Bai-Yan Li, MD/PhD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, #157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China. Phone/Fax: +86 451-8667-134, E-mail:
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Hiroki Yokota, PhD, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana U. Purdue U. Indianapolis, 723 West Michigan Street, SL220, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Phone: 317-278-5177, Fax: 317-278-2455, E-mail: ; Bai-Yan Li, MD/PhD, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, #157 Baojian Road, Harbin 150081, China. Phone/Fax: +86 451-8667-134, E-mail:
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19
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Wu D, Fan Y, Liu S, Woollam MD, Sun X, Murao E, Zha R, Prakash R, Park C, Siegel AP, Liu J, Agarwal M, Li BY, Yokota H. Loading-induced antitumor capability of murine and human urine. FASEB J 2020; 34:7578-7592. [PMID: 32293076 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000096r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
While urine has been considered as a useful bio-fluid for health monitoring, its dynamic changes to physical activity are not well understood. We examined urine's possible antitumor capability in response to medium-level, loading-driven physical activity. Urine was collected from mice subjected to 5-minute skeletal loading and human individuals before and after 30-minute step aerobics. Six cancer cell lines (breast, prostate, and pancreas) and a mouse model of the mammary tumor were employed to evaluate the effect of urine. Compared to urine collected prior to loading, urine collected post-activity decreased the cellular viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells, as well as tumor weight in the mammary fat pad. Detection of urinary volatile organic compounds and ELISA assays showed that the loading-conditioned urine reduced cholesterol and elevated dopamine and melatonin. Immunohistochemical fluorescent images presented upregulation of the rate-limiting enzymes for the production of dopamine and melatonin in the brain. Molecular analysis revealed that the antitumor effect was linked to the reduction in molecular vinculin-linked molecular force as well as the downregulation of the Lrp5-CSF1-CD105 regulatory axis. Notably, the survival rate for the high expression levels of Lrp5, CSF1, and CD105 in tumor tissues was significantly lowered in the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Collectively, this study revealed that 5- or 10-minute loading-driven physical activity was sufficient to induce the striking antitumor effect by activating the neuronal signaling and repressing cholesterol synthesis. The result supported the dual role of loading-conditioned urine as a potential tumor suppressor and a source of diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mark D Woollam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Eiji Murao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rahul Prakash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Charles Park
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Amanda P Siegel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Simon Cancer Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mangilal Agarwal
- Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Simon Cancer Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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20
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Fan Y, Jalali A, Chen A, Zhao X, Liu S, Teli M, Guo Y, Li F, Li J, Siegel A, Yang L, Liu J, Na S, Agarwal M, Robling AG, Nakshatri H, Li BY, Yokota H. Skeletal loading regulates breast cancer-associated osteolysis in a loading intensity-dependent fashion. Bone Res 2020; 8:9. [PMID: 32128277 PMCID: PMC7021802 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-0083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes are mechanosensitive bone cells, but little is known about their effects on tumor cells in response to mechanical stimulation. We treated breast cancer cells with osteocyte-derived conditioned medium (CM) and fluid flow-treated conditioned medium (FFCM) with 0.25 Pa and 1 Pa shear stress. Notably, CM and FFCM at 0.25 Pa induced the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), but FFCM at 1 Pa induced the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This suggested that the effects of fluid flow on conditioned media depend on flow intensity. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based evaluation of Src activity and vinculin molecular force showed that osteopontin was involved in EMT and MET switching. A mouse model of tumor-induced osteolysis was tested using dynamic tibia loadings of 1, 2, and 5 N. The low 1 N loading suppressed tumor-induced osteolysis, but this beneficial effect was lost and reversed with loads at 2 and 5 N, respectively. Changing the loading intensities in vivo also led to changes in serum TGFβ levels and the composition of tumor-associated volatile organic compounds in the urine. Collectively, this study demonstrated the critical role of intensity-dependent mechanotransduction and osteopontin in tumor-osteocyte communication, indicating that a biophysical factor can tangibly alter the behaviors of tumor cells in the bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fan
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China.,2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Aydin Jalali
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Andy Chen
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Meghana Teli
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Yunxia Guo
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China.,2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Fangjia Li
- 4Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Junrui Li
- 5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
| | - Amanda Siegel
- 6Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Lianxiang Yang
- 5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
| | - Jing Liu
- 4Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Sungsoo Na
- 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Mangilal Agarwal
- 6Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Alexander G Robling
- 7Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.,8Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- 9Department of Surgery, Simon Cancer Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 China.,2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.,5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309 USA.,6Integrative Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.,7Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.,8Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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Aird EJ, Tompkins KJ, Ramirez MP, Gordon WR. Enhanced Molecular Tension Sensor Based on Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET). ACS Sens 2020; 5:34-39. [PMID: 31872754 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular tension sensors measure piconewton forces experienced by individual proteins in the context of the cellular microenvironment. Current genetically encoded tension sensors use FRET to report on extension of a deformable peptide encoded in a cellular protein of interest. Here, we present the development and characterization of a new type of molecular tension sensor based on bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), which exhibits more desirable spectral properties and an enhanced dynamic range compared to other molecular tension sensors. Moreover, it avoids many disadvantages of FRET measurements in cells, including autofluorescence, photobleaching, and corrections of direct acceptor excitation. We benchmark the sensor by inserting it into the canonical mechanosensing focal adhesion protein vinculin, observing highly resolved gradients of tensional changes across focal adhesions. We anticipate that the BRET tension sensor will expand the toolkit available to study mechanotransduction at a molecular level and allow potential extension to an in vivo context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Aird
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kassidy J. Tompkins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Maria Paz Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Wendy R. Gordon
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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