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Teufel LU, Matzaraki V, Folkman L, Ter Horst R, Moorlag SJCFM, Mulders-Manders CM, Netea MG, Krausgruber T, Joosten LAB, Arts RJW. Insights into the multifaceted role of interleukin-37 on human immune cell regulation. Clin Immunol 2024; 268:110368. [PMID: 39307482 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases, while having a variety of underlying causes, are mediated by dysfunctional innate immune responses. Therefore, standard treatments target innate cytokines or block their receptors. Despite excellent responses in some patients, first-line treatments fail in others, for reasons which remain to be understood. We studied the effects of IL-37, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, on immune cells using multi-omics profiling of 325 healthy adults. Our findings show that IL-37 is associated with inflammation control and generally reduced immune cell activity. Further, genetic variants in IL37 are associated with impaired trained immunity, a memory phenotype of innate immune cells contributing to autoinflammation. To underpin the medical potential of IL-37, an explorative cohort of seven autoinflammatory disorders was built. In vitro stimulation experiments argue for recombinant IL-37 as a potential therapy in IL-6-, and IL-22-driven conditions. Concluding, IL-37 is highlighted as a cytokine with broad anti-inflammatory functions, implicating its potential as therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa U Teufel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Matzaraki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas Folkman
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Austria
| | - Rob Ter Horst
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Catharina M Mulders-Manders
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Krausgruber
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Austria
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rob J W Arts
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Cheng H, Sun F, Ouyang Y, Li C. Correlation analysis of IL-37 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic HBV infection among Han people in Central China. Int J Immunogenet 2023; 50:299-305. [PMID: 37735774 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is responsible for various liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which pose a significant threat to human health. An ineffective immune response to HBV can result in viral chronicity. Interleukin-37 (IL-37), an immunomodulator, is capable of inhibiting both innate and adaptive immune responses. It is believed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL-37 gene could contribute to the regulation of HBV clearance. Our aim to conduct this study was to investigate whether SNPs in the IL-37 gene were associated with the risk of chronic HBV infection in adults. A total of 342 participants, consisting of 171 cases and 171 controls, were recruited for this study. Sanger sequencing was employed for genotyping six SNPs (rs3811042 G/A, rs3811043 G/C, rs2466449 A/G, rs3811045 C/T, rs3811046 T/G and rs3811047G/A). There was no significant difference in allele and genotype distribution between the two groups, and the constructed haplotypes were not found to be associated with the risk of chronic HBV infection. Our results revealed that there was no relationship between these six SNPs (rs3811042G/A, rs3811043G/C, rs2466449A/G, rs3811045C/T, rs3811046T/G and rs3811047G/A) in the IL-37 gene and susceptibility to chronic HBV infection among Han people in Central China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fenglan Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yaoling Ouyang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chengbin Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Gu M, Jin Y, Gao X, Xia W, Xu T, Pan S. Novel insights into IL-37: an anti-inflammatory cytokine with emerging roles in anti-cancer process. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1278521. [PMID: 37928545 PMCID: PMC10623001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is a newly discovered member of IL-1 family. The cytokine was proved to have extensive protective effects in infectious diseases, allergic diseases, metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases and tumors since its discovery. IL-37 was mainly produced by immune and some non-immune cells in response to inflammatory stimulus. The IL-37 precursors can convert into the mature forms after caspase-1 cleavage and activation intracellularly, and then bind to Smad-3 and transfer to the nucleus to inhibit the production and functions of proinflammatory cytokines; extracellularly, IL-37 binds to cell surface receptors to form IL-37/IL-18Rα/IL-1R8 complex to exert immunosuppressive function via inhibiting/activating multiple signal pathways. In addition, IL-37 can attenuate the pro-inflammatory effect of IL-18 through directly or forming an IL-37/IL-18BP/IL-18Rβ complex. Therefore, IL-37 has the ability to suppress innate and acquired immunity of the host, and effectively control inflammatory stimulation, which was considered as a new hallmark of cancer. Specifically, it is concluded that IL-37 can inhibit the growth and migration of tumor cells, prohibit angiogenesis and mediate the immunoregulation in tumor microenvironment, so as to exert effective anti-tumor effects. Importantly, latest studies also showed that IL-37 may be a novel therapeutic target for cancer monitoring. In this review, we summarize the immunoregulation roles and mechanisms of IL-37 in anti-tumor process, and discuss its progress so far and potential as tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuexinzi Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenying Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyang Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Jiang B, Zhou Y, Liu Y, He S, Liao B, Peng T, Yao L, Qi L. Research Progress on the Role and Mechanism of IL-37 in Liver Diseases. Semin Liver Dis 2023; 43:336-350. [PMID: 37582401 PMCID: PMC10620037 DOI: 10.1055/a-2153-8836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are important components of the immune system that can predict or influence the development of liver diseases. IL-37, a new member of the IL-1 cytokine family, exerts potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects inside and outside cells. IL-37 expression differs before and after liver lesions, suggesting that it is associated with liver disease; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. This article mainly reviews the biological characteristics of IL-37, which inhibits hepatitis, liver injury, and liver fibrosis by inhibiting inflammation, and inhibits the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating the immune microenvironment. Based on additional evidence, combining IL-37 with liver disease markers for diagnosis and treatment can achieve more significant effects, suggesting that IL-37 can be developed into a powerful tool for the clinical adjuvant treatment of liver diseases, especially HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shunde New Rongqi Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Yanting Liu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Siqi He
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Baojian Liao
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Tieli Peng
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Leyi Yao
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Ling Qi
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
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Teufel LU, van der Made CI, Klück V, Simons A, Hoischen A, Vernimmen V, Joosten LAB, Arts RJW. Effect of exogenous IL-37 on immune cells from a patient carrying a potential IL37 loss-of-function variant: A case study. Cytokine 2023; 162:156102. [PMID: 36476991 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases are commonly treated with immunosuppressive medication such as NSAIDs, corticosteroids, or antibodies against specific cytokines (TNF, IL-1 IL-17, IL-23, etc.) or signalling cascades (e.g. JAK-STAT inhibitors). Using sequencing data to locate genetic mutations in relevant genes allows the identification of alternative targets in a patient-tailored therapy setting. Interleukin (IL)-37 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with broad effects on innate and adaptive immune cell function. Dysfunctional IL-37 expression or signalling is linked to various autoinflammatory disorders. The administration of recombinant IL-37 to hyperinflammatory patients that are non-responsive to standard treatment bears the potential to alleviate symptoms. METHODS In this case study, the (hyper)responsiveness of immune cell subsets was investigated in a single patient with a seronegative autoimmune disorder who carries a heterozygous stop-gain variant in IL37 (IL37 Chr2(GRCh37):g.113670640G > A NM_014439.3:c.51G > A p.(Trp17*)). As the patient has been non-responsive to blockage of TNF or IL-1 by Etanercept or Anakinra, respectively, additional in-vitro experiments were set out to elucidate whether treatment with recombinant IL-37 could normalise observed immune cell functions. FINDINGS Characterisation of immune cell function showed no elevated overall production of acute-phase pro-inflammatory cytokines by patient PBMCs and neutrophils at baseline or upon stimulation. T-cell responses were elevated, as was the metabolic activity and IL-1Ra production of PBMCs at baseline. The identified stop-gain variant in IL37 does not result in the absence of the protein in circulation. In line with this, treatment with recombinant IL-37 did overall not dampen immune responses with the exception of the complete suppression of IL-17. CONCLUSION The heterozygous stop-gain variant in IL37 (IL37 NM_014439.3:c.51G > A p.(Trp17*)) is not of functional relevance as we observed no clear pro-inflammatory phenotype in immune cells of a patient carrying this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa U Teufel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Caspar I van der Made
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Viola Klück
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Annet Simons
- Department of Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vivian Vernimmen
- Department of Genetics, Maastricht UMC+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Victor Babes 8, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rob J W Arts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS) and Radboudumc Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Ali ZA, Mankhi AA, Ad'hiah AH. Interleukin-37 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis among Iraqi patients. Indian J Tuberc 2022; 69:191-200. [PMID: 35379401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of tuberculosis (TB) depends on a balance between host's immune factors and bacterial evasion strategies. Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is among the immunomodulatory factors that have been proposed to influence susceptibility to tuberculosis. METHODS A case-control study was conducted on 105 patients with pulmonary TB (37 active, 41 multi-drug resistant and 27 relapse) and 79 healthy controls to determine serum levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-37. The IL-37 level was assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent kit, while DNA-sequencing was used to detect SNPs in the promoter region of IL37 gene. RESULTS Median level of IL-37 was markedly increased in serum of TB patients compared to controls (325.0 vs. 169.1 pg/mL; p < 0.001). This increase was universally determined in subgroups of patients distributed according to gender, age groups, and clinical type of disease, while no significant differences were found between the subgroups in patients or controls. Analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve confirmed these findings and IL-37 occupied a very good area under the curve, which was 0.816 (95% CI = 0.744-0.888; p < 0.001). At a cut-off value of 185.6 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of IL-37 were 81.0 and 82.3%, respectively. Of the nine detected SNPs (rs2466449 G/A, rs2466450 A/G, rs2723168 G/A, rs3811042 G/A, rs3811045 T/C, rs3811046 G/T, rs3811047 A/G, rs3811048 G/A and rs200782323 G/A), only rs3811048 showed a significant association with TB; the G allele showed a significantly decreased frequency in TB patients compared to controls (25.2 vs. 44.9%; OR = 0.41; p < 0.001). It was possible to assign five haplotypes, and three showed significant differences between patients and controls. Frequency of haplotype A-A-G-A-C-T-G-A-G (0.331 vs. 0.213; OR = 2.10; p = 0.015) was significantly increased in TB patients compared to controls. On the contrary, frequencies of haplotypes A-A-G-A-C-T-G-G-G (0.029 vs. 0.116; OR = 0.24; p = 0.01) and A-A-G-G-T-G-A-G-G (0.140 vs. 0.275; OR = 0.45; p = 0.015) were significantly decreased in patients. CONCLUSIONS IL-37 was up-regulated in the serum of TB patients irrespective of their gender, age or clinical type of disease. SNPs in the promoter region of IL37 gene were proposed to be associated with susceptibility to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab A Ali
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed A Mankhi
- National Specialized Center for Chest and Respiratory Diseases, Ministry of Health and Environment, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali H Ad'hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
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Bursatella leachii Purple Ink Secretion Concentrate Exerts Cytotoxic Properties against Human Hepatocarcinoma Cell Line (HepG2): In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030826. [PMID: 35164089 PMCID: PMC8839718 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer death globally. Marine mollusc-derived drugs have gained attention as potential natural-based anti-cancer agents to overcome the side effects caused by conventional chemotherapeutic drugs during cancer therapy. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, the main biomolecules in the purple ink secretion released by the sea hare, named Bursatella leachii (B. leachii), were identified as hectochlorin, malyngamide X, malyngolide S, bursatellin and lyngbyatoxin A. The cytotoxic effects of B. leachii ink concentrate against human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells were determined to be dose- and time-dependent, and further exploration of the underlying mechanisms causing the programmed cell death (apoptosis) were performed. The expression of cleaved-caspase-8 and cleaved-caspase-3, key cysteine-aspartic proteases involved in the initiation and completion of the apoptosis process, appeared after HepG2 cell exposure to the B. leachii ink concentrate. The gene expression levels of pro-apoptotic BAX, TP53 and Cyclin D1 were increased after treatment with the B. leachii ink concentrate. Applying in silico approaches, the high scores predicted that bioactivities for the five compounds were protease and kinase inhibitors. The ADME and cytochrome profiles for the compounds were also predicted. Altogether, the B. leachii ink concentrate has high pro-apoptotic potentials, suggesting it as a promising safe natural product-based drug for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Ahmed AA, Ad'hiah AH. Interleukin-37 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to coronavirus disease 19 among Iraqi patients. Meta Gene 2021; 31:100989. [PMID: 34729360 PMCID: PMC8553418 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious respiratory viral infection. Dysregulated immune response is an important feature of disease, and cytokines are among the most important mediators of dysregulated immunity. Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is one such cytokine and studies have indicated its role in pathogenesis of COVID-19. However, IL37 gene polymorphisms have not been identified in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this case-control study (100 patients and 100 controls) was performed to understand the role six single nucleotide polymorphisms of IL37 gene (SNPs: rs3811042, rs3811043, rs2466449, rs3811045, rs3811046 and rs3811047) in susceptibility to COVID-19 among cases with severe disease. These polymorphisms were identified by Sanger DNA sequencing. Results revealed that TG genotype of rs3811046 showed a significantly increased frequency in patients compared to controls (61.0 vs. 38.0%; odds ratio [OR] = 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45–4.50; probability [p] = 0.002; corrected p [pc] = 0.01). GA genotype of rs3811047 also showed an increased frequency in patients but the pc-value was not significant (39.0 vs. 24.0%; OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.10–3.71; p = 0.033; pc = 0.165). Haplotype analysis revealed a significantly increased frequency of the haplotype G-C-A-T-T-A (in the order: rs3811042, rs3811043, rs2466449, rs3811045, rs3811046 and rs3811047) in COVID-19 patients compared to controls (0.055 vs. 0.006; OR = 10.23; 95% CI = 1.53–68.14; p = 0.003; pc = 0.03). In conclusion, the study indicated that two variants of IL37 gene (rs3811046 and rs3811047) may be associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 among Iraqi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeshah A Ahmed
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali H Ad'hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Farahani N, Mohagheghi F, Mosayebi G, Ghazavi A, Ganji A. Reduced IL-37 gene expression and CD8 T lymphocytes in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Breast Dis 2021; 40:235-240. [PMID: 34024810 DOI: 10.3233/bd-201055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND However, the exact immunopathological mechanisms in the progression of breast cancer are not clearly understood, various factors including CD8 T lymphocytes have lethal properties on tumor cells. On the other hand, interleukin-37 (IL-37), as a new member of the IL-1 family, is an anti-inflammatory cytokine; however, the exact role of IL-37 in breast cancer has not yet been determined. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the CD8 T lymphocytes count and IL-37 gene expression in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with and without metastasis. METHODS In this study, blood samples from 36 metastatic and 36 non-metastatic breast cancer patients and 36 healthy individuals as control were collected. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the relative gene expression was performed using real-time PCR. Also, counting the CD8 T lymphocytes was done by flow cytometry technique. RESULTS The results of this study showed that the gene expression of IL-37 in blood samples of metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer patients was significantly lower than in healthy individuals (P < 0.05). The relative gene expression of the IL-37 in ER+/PR+/HER2+ patients with non-metastatic breast cancer had a significant increase compared to HER2+ patients (P < 0.05). Also, CD8 T lymphocytes count in the samples of patients including non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer was significantly decreased compared to the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that IL-37 gene expression and CD8 T lymphocytes count, significantly decreased in non-metastatic and metastatic breast cancer. Considering the possible effects of IL-37 on TCD8 cells in tumor immune responses, more research will be done to benefit from the therapeutic effects of this cytokine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Farahani
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Fathollah Mohagheghi
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ghasem Mosayebi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ali Ghazavi
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ali Ganji
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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No association of genetic variants in TLR4, TNF-α, IL10, IFN-γ, and IL37 in cytomegalovirus-positive renal allograft recipients with active CMV infection-Subanalysis of the prospective randomised VIPP study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246118. [PMID: 33861738 PMCID: PMC8051780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is amongst the most important factors complicating solid organ transplantation. In a large prospective randomized clinical trial, valganciclovir prophylaxis reduced the occurrence of CMV infection and disease compared with preemptive therapy in CMV-positive renal allograft recipients (VIPP study; NCT00372229). Here, we present a subanalysis of the VIPP study, investigating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune-response-related genes and their association with active CMV infection, CMV disease, graft loss or death, rejection, infections, and leukopenia. Methods Based on literature research ten SNPs were analyzed for TLR4, three for IFN-γ, six for IL10, nine for IL37, and two for TNF-α. An asymptotic independence test (Cochran-Armitage trend test) was used to examine associations between SNPs and the occurrence of CMV infection or other negative outcomes. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05 and Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was performed. Results SNPs were analyzed on 116 blood samples. No associations were found between the analyzed SNPs and the occurrence of CMV infection, rejection and leukopenia in all patients. For IL37 rs2723186, an association with CMV disease (p = 0.0499), for IL10 rs1800872, with graft loss or death (p = 0.0207) and for IL10 rs3024496, with infections (p = 0.0258) was observed in all patients, however did not hold true after correction for multiple testing. Conclusion The study did not reveal significant associations between the analyzed SNPs and the occurrence of negative outcomes in CMV-positive renal transplant recipients after correction for multiple testing. The results of this association analysis may be of use in guiding future research efforts.
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Wu Q, Zhou J, Yuan ZC, Lan YY, Xu WD, Huang AF. Association between IL-37 and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Risk. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:727-738. [PMID: 33459098 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1869254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In our former study, we found increased plasma IL-37 levels in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, relationship between IL-37 levels and clinical laboratory characteristics of SLE patients has not been elucidated. In addition, association of IL37 gene polymorphism with SLE risk needs to be discussed. A group of 580 individuals (220 SLE patients and 360 healthy controls) in a Southern Chinese Han population were recruited. Plasma IL-37 levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs3811047, rs2723186, rs2723176 and rs4364030) of IL37 gene were genotyped. Relationship of IL-37 expression, IL37 gene polymorphisms and clinical characteristics was discussed. We found that plasma levels of IL-37 were negatively associated with SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (rs = -0.352, P = .001), and were higher in less active patients compared with active patients (P = .003). Decreased levels of IL-37 were found in SLE patients with discoid rash when compared to patients who did not have this symptom (P < .001). Plasma IL-37 levels were significantly lower in patients with hypocomplementemia comparing to those without this feature (P = .009). Levels of IL-37 in SLE with positive proteinuria were lower than patients with negative proteinuria (P = .046). Furthermore, allele distribution of rs2723186, rs4364030 between SLE cases and healthy individuals was significantly different (P = .001, P = .010, respectively). Genotype of rs4364030 was different between SLE cases and controls (P = .015). Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequency of haplotype CG (rs2723176 (C) +rs2723186 (G)) was higher in SLE, as compared with healthy individuals (P = .002). In conclusion, the plasma levels of IL-37 were related to SLE severity, and IL37 gene polymorphisms (rs2723186, rs2723176 and rs4364030) may associate with SLE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Chao Yuan
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - You-Yu Lan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
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Mohammed SAA, Khan RA, El-Readi MZ, Emwas AH, Sioud S, Poulson BG, Jaremko M, Eldeeb HM, Al-Omar MS, Mohammed HA. Suaeda vermiculata Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract-Based Mitigation of CCl 4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats, and HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR Cell-Lines-Based Cytotoxicity Evaluations. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101291. [PMID: 33003604 PMCID: PMC7601535 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Suaeda vermiculata, an edible halophytic plant, used by desert nomads to treat jaundice, was investigated for its hepatoprotective bioactivity and safety profile on its mother liquor aqueous-ethanolic extract. Upon LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis, the presence of several constituents including three major flavonoids, namely quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-O-(acetyl)-hexoside-pentoside were confirmed. The aqueous-ethanolic extract, rich in antioxidants, quenched the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals, and also showed noticeable levels of radical scavenging capacity in ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay. For the hepatoprotective activity confirmation, the male rat groups were fed daily, for 7 days (n = 8/group, p.o.), either carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) 0.5%, silymarin 200 mg/kg, the aqueous-ethanolic extract of the plant Suaeda vermiculata (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg extract), or quercetin (100 mg/kg) alone, and on day 7 of the administrations, all the animal groups, excluding a naïve (250 mg/kg aqueous-ethanolic extract-fed), and an intact animal group were induced hepatotoxicity by intraperitoneally administering carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). All the animals were sacrificed after 24 h, and aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase serum levels were observed, which were noted to be significantly decreased for the aqueous-ethanolic extract, silymarin, and quercetin-fed groups in comparison to the CMC-fed group (p < 0.0001). No noticeable adverse effects were observed on the liver, kidney, or heart's functions of the naïve (250 mg/kg) group. The aqueous-ethanolic extract was found to be safe in the acute toxicity (5 g/kg) test and showed hepatoprotection and safety at higher doses. Further upon, the cytotoxicity testings in HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR (Adriamycin resistant) cell-lines were also investigated, and the IC50 values were recorded at 56.19±2.55 µg/mL, and 78.40±0.32 µg/mL (p < 0.001, Relative Resistance RR 1.39), respectively, while the doxorubicin (Adriamycin) IC50 values were found to be 1.3±0.064, and 4.77±1.05 µg/mL (p < 0.001, RR 3.67), respectively. The HepG-2/ADR cell-lines when tested in a combination of the aqueous-ethanolic extract with doxorubicin, a significant reversal in the doxorubicin's IC50 value by 2.77 folds (p < 0.001, CI = 0.56) was noted as compared to the cytotoxicity test where the extract was absent. The mode of action for the reversal was determined to be synergistic in nature indicating the role of the aqueous-ethanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman A. A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.M.); (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.); Tel.: +966-(0)530309899 (S.A.A.M.); +966-(0)508384296 (R.A.K.); +966-(0)566176074 (H.A.M.)
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.M.); (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.); Tel.: +966-(0)530309899 (S.A.A.M.); +966-(0)508384296 (R.A.K.); +966-(0)566176074 (H.A.M.)
| | - Mahmoud Z. El-Readi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (A.-H.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Salim Sioud
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Core Labs, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (A.-H.E.); (S.S.)
| | - Benjamin G. Poulson
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.P); (M.J.)
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.G.P); (M.J.)
| | - Hussein M. Eldeeb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohsen S. Al-Omar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, JUST, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.A.A.M.); (R.A.K.); (H.A.M.); Tel.: +966-(0)530309899 (S.A.A.M.); +966-(0)508384296 (R.A.K.); +966-(0)566176074 (H.A.M.)
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13
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Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-6 influence the development of hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis in the Han Chinese population. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 84:104331. [PMID: 32353512 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in chronic inflammation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of IL-6 polymorphisms on predicting the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-r elated liver cirrhosis. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyse IL-6 polymorphisms and serum levels of IL-6 in HBV-infected patients at different clinical phases and in healthy controls. IL-6 polymorphisms were detected by the TaqMan PCR method, and plasma IL-6 levels were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS Our analysis included 182 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 190 HBV-infected liver cirrhosis cases, 125 inactive HBsAg carriers, and 246 healthy controls. Seven SNPs in IL-6 including rs10499563, rs17147230, rs1800796, rs2069837, rs1524107, rs2066992, and rs2069852 were analysed. In a haplotype analysis between HBV-infected liver cirrhosis cases and CHB patients, inactive HBV carriers or healthy controls, haplotype CT in block 1 and haplotype GGCGG in block 2 were associated with liver cirrhosis (P <0.05). Moreover, the genotype or allele frequencies were significantly different in IL-6 rs10499563 and rs2069837 when HBV-infected liver cirrhosis patients were compared with CHB patients, inactive HBV carriers or healthy controls. A further study found that compared with that in the healthy controls, inactive HBV carriers or CHB patients, plasma IL-6 was elevated in HBV-infected liver cirrhosis patients. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the IL-6 rs10499563 and rs2069837 polymorphisms are associated with incidence of liver cirrhosis may through their effects on IL-6 expression and these two single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used as potential prognostic markers of HBV-related liver cirrhosis.
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14
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Qi F, Liu M, Li F, Lv Q, Wang G, Gong S, Wang S, Xu Y, Bao L, Qin C. Interleukin-37 Ameliorates Influenza Pneumonia by Attenuating Macrophage Cytokine Production in a MAPK-Dependent Manner. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2482. [PMID: 31736917 PMCID: PMC6831648 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral pneumonitis caused by influenza A (H1N1) virus leads to high levels of morbidity and mortality. Given the limited treatment options for severe influenza pneumonia, it is necessary to explore effective amelioration approaches. Interleukin-37 (IL-37) has been reported to inhibit excessive immune responses and protect against a variety of inflammatory diseases. In this study, by using BALB/c mice intranasally infected with A/California/07/2009 (H1N1), we found that IL-37 treatment increases the survival rate and body weight, and reduces the pulmonary index, impaired the lung injury and decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the BALF and lung tissue. Moreover, IL-37 administration enhanced not only the percentage of macrophages, but also the percentage of IL-18Rα+ macrophages, suggesting that enhancing the macrophages function may improve outcomes in a murine model of H1N1 infection. Indeed, macrophages depletion reduced the protective effect of IL-37 during H1N1 infection. Furthermore, IL-37 administration inhibited MAPK signaling in RAW264.7 cells infected with H1N1. This study demonstrates that IL-37 treatment can ameliorate influenza pneumonia by attenuating cytokine production, especially by macrophages. Thus, IL-37 might serve as a promising new target for the treatment of influenza A-induced pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Qi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Mingya Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Fengdi Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Qi Lv
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Guanpeng Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Shuran Gong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Shunyi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Bao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious, The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CAMS), Beijing, China
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