Coronary Heart Disease and ABO Blood Group in Diabetic Women: A Case-Control Study

Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Predictors: ABO Blood Groups in a Different Role

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a serious threat to people's health, with extremely high global morbidity, mortality, and disability rates. This study aimed to review the literature that examined the relationship between blood groups and CVD. Many studies have reported that non-O blood groups are associated with an increased risk and severity of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes. Non-O blood groups increase the risk and severity of these conditions by increasing von Willebrand factor and plasma cholesterol levels and inducing endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. They have also been linked with increased coronary artery calcification, coronary lesion complexity, and poor collateral circulation. Blood groups also affect the prognosis of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome and can alter the rate of complications and mortality. Several cardiovascular complications have been described for coronavirus disease 2019, and blood groups can influence their occurrence. No studies have found a significant relationship between the Lewis blood group and CVD. In conclusion, people with non-O blood groups should be vigilantly monitored for cardiovascular risk factors as prevention and proper treatment of these risk factors may mitigate their risk of CVD and adverse cardiovascular events.

Association of ABO Blood Groups and Obesity in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus in King Abdulaziz University Hospital

BACKGROUND

Differences in the blood, resulting from the presence or absence of antigens corresponding to specific blood types, have indirect implications for susceptibility to diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the ABO type and obesity in patients with diabetes mellitus.

METHODS

This is a cross-sectional observational study that was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a simple random method through hospital records during the period between August and September 2022. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM were included in this study. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the association between blood group and obesity.

RESULTS

A total of 411 patients were involved in this study. More than half of the patients (54.3%; n= 223) are diagnosed with T1DM. O-positive was the most common blood group type among the patients, accounting for 38.6% (n= 161). Only 23.6% (n= 97) of the patients were classified as having normal weight. Around 32.6% (n= 134) of the patients were classified as having the pre-obesity stage. More than one-third of the patients (35.1%; n= 145) were classified as being obese. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients in terms of their blood type group and its association with obesity (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION

Many diabetics are overweight or obese, according to this study. This shows the importance of weight management for diabetes treatment. Many patients were overweight, emphasizing the importance of obesity prevention and diabetes care. Most patients were O-positive, according to blood type tests. Previous research suggests that blood types may be linked to diabetes. However, this study found no significant relationships. More research is needed to understand the complex link between blood types, weight, and diabetes.

Blood group and ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease: A meta-analysis of over 145,000 cases and 2,000,000 controls

OBJECTIVE

Cardiovascular illnesses have been associated to ABO blood types, specifically through an effect on von Willebrand factor and factor FVIII levels. We conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively explore the relationship between blood groups and ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A comprehensive meta-analysis was undertaken to investigate blood groups and ischemic stroke (IS), myocardial infarction (MI) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Odds ratios (OR) were used to assess the relationship between blood groups and disease. RevMan v5,4 was used to statistically analyse the results. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

RESULTS

A total of 72 studies (18 ischemic stroke, 37 myocardial infarction, 17 peripheral vascular disease) met our search criteria, totalling 145,499 cases and 2,113,736 controls. Mean age ranged between 18 and 90 years. Compared to blood group-O, non-O blood group had an increased association with IS (OR=1.13, 95%Cl: 1.07-1.21, P < 0.001), MI (OR=1.17, 95%Cl: 1.11-1.24, P < 0.001) and PVD (OR=1.15, 95%Cl: 1.04-1.28, P=0.005). Compared to blood group-O, blood group A had a stronger statistically significant association to IS (OR=1.19, P=0.001), MI (OR=1.22, P < 0.001) and PVD (OR=1.15, P=0.03). Blood group-B has the lowest risk associated with MI (OR=1.09, P=0.01). In addition, blood groups AB had a stronger statistically significant association to IS (OR=1.24, P=0.01), and MI (OR=1.20, P < 0.001) compared with the other blood groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared to blood group-O, groups A and AB are strongly associated to ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and peripheral vascular disease.

Relationships of ABO and Rhesus blood groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES

The susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been linked to blood type. We aimed to characterize the relationships of the ABO and Rhesus blood groups with T2DM.

METHODS

Literature searches were performed using the Medline, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published up to 31 March 2022. The PRISMA guidelines were used for reporting. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using fixed-effects models.

RESULTS

Twenty-six studies of 6870 patients with T2DM and 11,879 controls were identified. Compared with the other ABO groups, people with blood type B were at higher risk of T2DM (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.20-1.41), while group O was associated with a lower risk (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98). There were no significant associations of T2DM with blood types A or AB, or Rh factor.

CONCLUSION

Individuals with blood type B are at higher risk of developing T2DM. Therefore, they should be screened for T2DM on a frequent basis and be made aware of the importance of maintaining a balanced diet and regular exercise for the prevention of obesity and T2DM.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER

CRD42022353945.

Association of ABO and Rh Blood Group Phenotypes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Referral Hospital Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

BACKGROUND

ABO and Rh blood group antigens are thought to be among genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Identification of blood group phenotypes are more associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It will be helpful for individuals who are susceptible blood groups to take care of themselves by avoiding other predisposing factors and taking preventive measures.

METHODS

Hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was carried out from February to April 2019 at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Referral Hospital. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected with a semistructured pretested questionnaire. ABO and Rh Blood group were determined by slide and test tube methods. Biochemical parameters were determined with Mindray BS-200E fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS version 20 statistical software. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were employed for data analysis. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

From a total of 424 participants included for this study, blood group O was found higher in frequency with 74 (34.9%) and 97 (45.75%) for cases and healthy controls, respectively. ABO blood groups showed significant association with T2DM, a chi-square value of 12.163 and P value of 0.007. However, the Rh blood group was not associated with T2DM. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that blood group B had a higher risk (OR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.33-3.32) and blood group O had decreased risk (OR: 0.636, 95% CI: 0.43-0.94) of T2DM as compared to other blood groups.

CONCLUSION

ABO blood group antigens showed significant association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Blood group B was associated with an increased risk and O blood group with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.