1
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Sprenger T, Schwarze T, Müller H, Sperlich E, Holdt HJ, Nazaré M, Hentsch A, Eidner S, Kraft R, Kumke MU. Selective and pH-Independent Detection of Ba 2+ in Water by a Benzo-21-crown-7-Functionalized BODIPY. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301622. [PMID: 37439155 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report on highly Ba2+ selective fluorescence sensing in water by a fluorescent probe consisting of a benzo-21-crown-7 as a Ba2+ binding unit (ionophore) and a tetramethylated BODIPY fluorophore as a fluorescence reporter. This fluorescent probe showed a Ba2+ induced fluorescence enhancement (FE) by a factor of 12±1 independently of the pH value and a high Ba2+ sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of (17.2±0.3) μM. Moreover, a second fluorescent probe consisting of the same BODIPY fluorophore, but a benzo-18-crown-6 as a cation-responsive binding moiety, showed an even higher FE upon Ba2+ complexation by a factor of 85±3 and a lower LOD of (13±3) μM albeit a lower Ba2+ selectivity. The fluorescence sensing mechanism of Ba2+ was further investigated by time-resolved fluorescence as well as transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) and it turned out that within these probes a blocking of a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) by Ba2+ is very likely responsible for the FE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Sprenger
- Medizinische Fakultät, HMU Potsdam, Olympischer Weg 1, 14471, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarze
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Holger Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Eric Sperlich
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Holdt
- Institut für Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Axel Hentsch
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Sascha Eidner
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Ronja Kraft
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Michael U Kumke
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany
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2
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Ba+2 ion trapping using organic submonolayer for ultra-low background neutrinoless double beta detector. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7741. [DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIf neutrinos are their own antiparticles the otherwise-forbidden nuclear reaction known as neutrinoless double beta decay can occur. The very long lifetime expected for these exceptional events makes its detection a daunting task. In order to conduct an almost background-free experiment, the NEXT collaboration is investigating novel synthetic molecular sensors that may capture the Ba dication produced in the decay of certain Xe isotopes in a high-pressure gas experiment. The use of such molecular detectors immobilized on surfaces must be explored in the ultra-dry environment of a xenon gas chamber. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive surface science techniques in ultra-high vacuum, we demonstrate the possibility of employing the so-called Fluorescent Bicolor Indicator as the molecular component of the sensor. We unravel the ion capture process for these molecular indicators immobilized on a surface and explain the origin of the emission fluorescence shift associated to the ion trapping.
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3
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Gauci G, Magri DC. Solvent-polarity reconfigurable fluorescent 4-piperazino- N-aryl-1,8-naphthalimide crown ether logic gates. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35270-35278. [PMID: 36540226 PMCID: PMC9732761 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Four compounds 1-4 were designed and synthesised, comprising a 4-amino-N-aryl-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophore, a piperazine receptor, and an aryl group, as fluorescent logic gates. At the imide position, the substituent is phenyl (1), 1,2-dimethoxyphenyl (2), benzo-15-crown-5 (3), or benzo-18-crown-6 (4). Molecules 1 and 2 are constructed according to a fluorophore-spacer-receptor format, while 3 and 4 are engineered according to a receptor1-spacer1-fluorophore-spacer2-receptor2 format based on photoinduced electron transfer and internal charge transfer mechanisms. The compounds were studied in water, water/methanol mixtures of different ratios, and methanol by UV-visible absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, as a function of pH, metal ions and solvent polarity. The excited state of 1-4 is 8.4 ± 0.2 in water, 7.6 ± 0.1 in 1 : 1 (v/v) water/methanol, and 7.1 ± 0.3 in methanol. The of 3 in water is 0.92 and the and of 4 in water are 2.3 and 2.9. 1H NMR data in D2O and CD3OD confirm H+ interaction at the piperazine moiety, and Na+ and Ba2+ binding at the benzo-15-crown-5 and benzo-18-crown-6 moieties of 3 and 4. By altering the solvent polarity, the fluorescent logic gates can be reconfigured between TRANSFER logic and AND logic. Molecules with polarity reconfigurable logic could be useful tools for probing the microenvironment of cellular membranes and protein interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gauci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta Msida MSD 2080 Malta
| | - David C Magri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta Msida MSD 2080 Malta
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4
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Sammut D, Bugeja N, Szaciłowski K, Magri DC. Molecular engineering of fluorescent bichromophore 1,3,5-triaryl-Δ 2-pyrazoline and 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide molecular logic gates. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02422e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Emissive bichromophoric solvatochromatic molecules are introduced as a new platform for the development of fluorescent molecular logic gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Sammut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Nathalie Bugeja
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Konrad Szaciłowski
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - David C. Magri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
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Freixa Z, Rivilla I, Monrabal F, Gómez-Cadenas JJ, Cossío FP. Bicolour fluorescent molecular sensors for cations: design and experimental validation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15440-15457. [PMID: 34264251 PMCID: PMC8317197 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01203g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular entities whose fluorescence spectra are different when they bind metal cations are termed bicolour fluorescent molecular sensors. The basic design criteria of this kind of compound are presented and the different fluorescent responses are discussed in terms of their chemical behaviour and electronic features. These latter elements include intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), formation of intramolecular and intermolecular excimer/exciplex complexes and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Changes in the electronic properties of the fluorophore based on the decoupling between its constitutive units upon metal binding are also discussed. The possibility of generating fluorescent bicolour indicators that can capture metal cations in the gas phase and at solid-gas interfaces is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoraida Freixa
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain. and Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Iván Rivilla
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain. and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Francesc Monrabal
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain. and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Juan J Gómez-Cadenas
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain. and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Fernando P Cossío
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain and Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
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6
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Thapa P, Byrnes NK, Denisenko AA, Mao JX, McDonald AD, Newhouse CA, Vuong TT, Woodruff K, Nam K, Nygren DR, Jones BJP, Foss FW. Demonstration of Selective Single-Barium Ion Detection with Dry Diazacrown Ether Naphthalimide Turn-on Chemosensors. ACS Sens 2021; 6:192-202. [PMID: 33400506 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence imaging (SMFI) of gas-phase ions has been proposed for "barium tagging," a burgeoning area of research in particle physics to detect individual barium daughter ions. This has potential to significantly enhance the sensitivity of searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) that is obscured by background radiation events. The chemistry required to make such sensitive detection of Ba2+ by SMFI in dry Xe gas at solid interfaces has implications for solid-phase detection methods but has not been demonstrated. Here, we synthesized simple, robust, and effective Ba2+-selective chemosensors capable of function within ultrapure high-pressure 136Xe gas. Turn-on fluorescent naphthalimide-(di)azacrown ether chemosensors were Ba2+-selective and achieved SMFI in a polyacrylamide matrix. Fluorescence and NMR experiments supported a photoinduced electron transfer mechanism for turn-on sensing. Ba2+ selectivity was achieved with computational calculations correctly predicting the fluorescence responses of sensors to barium, mercury, and potassium ions. With these molecules, dry-phase single-Ba2+ ion imaging with turn-on fluorescence was realized using an oil-free microscopy technique for the first time-a significant advance toward single-Ba2+ ion detection within large volumes of 136Xe, plausibly enabling a background-independent technique to search for the hypothetical process of 0νββ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Thapa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Nicholas K. Byrnes
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Alena A. Denisenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - James X. Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Austin D. McDonald
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Charleston A. Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Thanh T. Vuong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Katherine Woodruff
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Kwangho Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - David R. Nygren
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Benjamin J. P. Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Frank W. Foss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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7
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Thapa P, Hazoor S, Chouhan B, Vuong TT, Foss FW. Flavin Nitroalkane Oxidase Mimics Compatibility with NOx/TEMPO Catalysis: Aerobic Oxidization of Alcohols, Diols, and Ethers. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9096-9105. [PMID: 32569467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic flavin organocatalysts oxidize nitromethane to formaldehyde and NOx-providing a relatively nontoxic, noncaustic, and inexpensive source for catalytic NO2 for aerobic TEMPO oxidations of alcohols, diols, and ethers. Alcohols were oxidized to aldehydes or ketones, cyclic ethers to esters, and terminal diols to lactones. In situ trapping of NOx and formaldehyde suggest an oxidative Nef process reminiscent of flavoprotein nitroalkane oxidase reactivity, which is achieved by relatively stable 1,10-bridged flavins. The metal-free flavin/NOx/TEMPO catalytic cycles are uniquely compatible, especially compared to other Nef and NOx-generating processes, and reveal selectivity over flavin-catalyzed sulfoxide formation. Aliphatic ethers were oxidized by this method, as demonstrated by the conversion of (-)-ambroxide to (+)-sclareolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Thapa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - Shan Hazoor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - Bikash Chouhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - Thanh Thuy Vuong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
| | - Frank W Foss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, United States
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8
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Rivilla I, Aparicio B, Bueno JM, Casanova D, Tonnelé C, Freixa Z, Herrero P, Rogero C, Miranda JI, Martínez-Ojeda RM, Monrabal F, Olave B, Schäfer T, Artal P, Nygren D, Cossío FP, Gómez-Cadenas JJ. Fluorescent bicolour sensor for low-background neutrinoless double β decay experiments. Nature 2020; 583:48-54. [PMID: 32572207 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Observation of the neutrinoless double β decay is the only practical way to establish that neutrinos are their own antiparticles1. Because of the small masses of neutrinos, the lifetime of neutrinoless double β decay is expected to be at least ten orders of magnitude greater than the typical lifetimes of natural radioactive chains, which can mimic the experimental signature of neutrinoless double β decay2. The most robust identification of neutrinoless double β decay requires the definition of a signature signal-such as the observation of the daughter atom in the decay-that cannot be generated by radioactive backgrounds, as well as excellent energy resolution. In particular, the neutrinoless double β decay of 136Xe could be established by detecting the daughter atom, 136Ba2+, in its doubly ionized state3-8. Here we demonstrate an important step towards a 'barium-tagging' experiment, which identifies double β decay through the detection of a single Ba2+ ion. We propose a fluorescent bicolour indicator as the core of a sensor that can detect single Ba2+ ions in a high-pressure xenon gas detector. In a sensor made of a monolayer of such indicators, the Ba2+ dication would be captured by one of the molecules and generate a Ba2+-coordinated species with distinct photophysical properties. The presence of such a single Ba2+-coordinated indicator would be revealed by its response to repeated interrogation with a laser system, enabling the development of a sensor able to detect single Ba2+ ions in high-pressure xenon gas detectors for barium-tagging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Rivilla
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Borja Aparicio
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Juan M Bueno
- Laboratorio de Óptica (LOUM) & Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Zoraida Freixa
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Pablo Herrero
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Celia Rogero
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain.,Materials Physics Center CFM (CSIC-UPV/EHU), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - José I Miranda
- SGIker NMR Facility, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Rosa M Martínez-Ojeda
- Laboratorio de Óptica (LOUM) & Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francesc Monrabal
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Beñat Olave
- NanoBioSeparations Group, POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Thomas Schäfer
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,NanoBioSeparations Group, POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica (LOUM) & Centro de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica (CiOyN), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David Nygren
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Fernando P Cossío
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain. .,Department of Organic Chemistry I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain.
| | - Juan J Gómez-Cadenas
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián/Donostia, Spain. .,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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