1
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Moya Muñoz GG, Brix O, Klocke P, Harris PD, Luna Piedra JR, Wendler ND, Lerner E, Zijlstra N, Cordes T. Single-molecule detection and super-resolution imaging with a portable and adaptable 3D-printed microscopy platform (Brick-MIC). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.29.573596. [PMID: 38234760 PMCID: PMC10793419 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.29.573596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy have advanced and represent essential tools for life science research. There is,however, a growing gap between the state-of-the-art and what is accessible to biologists, biochemists, medical researchers or labs with financial constraints. To bridge this gap, we introduce Brick-MIC, a versatile and affordable open-source 3D-printed micro-spectroscopy and imaging platform. Brick-MIC enables the integration of various fluorescence imaging techniques with single-molecule resolution within a single platform and exchange between different modalities within minutes. We here present variants of Brick-MIC that facilitate single-molecule fluorescence detection, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and super-resolution imaging (STORM and PAINT). Detailed descriptions of the hardware and software components, as well as data analysis routines are provided, to allow non-optics specialist to operate their own Brick-MIC with minimal effort and investments. We foresee that our affordable, flexible, and opensource Brick-MIC platform will be a valuable tool for many laboratories worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel G. Moya Muñoz
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Oliver Brix
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philipp Klocke
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Paul D. Harris
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics Science, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Jorge R. Luna Piedra
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nicolas D. Wendler
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Eitan Lerner
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics Science, The Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Niels Zijlstra
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thorben Cordes
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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2
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Alhaddad S, Bey H, Thouvenin O, Boulanger P, Boccara C, Boccara M, Izeddin I. Real-time detection of virus antibody interaction by label-free common-path interferometry. BIOPHYSICAL REPORTS 2023; 3:100119. [PMID: 37662577 PMCID: PMC10470184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpr.2023.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Viruses have a profound influence on all forms of life, motivating the development of rapid and minimally invasive methods for virus detection. In this study, we present a novel methodology that enables quantitative measurement of the interaction between individual biotic nanoparticles and antibodies in solution. Our approach employs a label-free, full-field common-path interferometric technique to detect and track biotic nanoparticles and their interactions with antibodies. It is based on the interferometric detection of light scattered by viruses in aqueous samples for the detection of individual viruses. We employ single-particle tracking analysis to characterize the size and properties of the detected nanoparticles, and to monitor the changes in their diffusive mobility resulting from interactions. To validate the sensitivity of our detection approach, we distinguish between particles having identical diffusion coefficients but different scattering signals, using DNA-loaded and DNA-devoid capsids of the Escherichia coli T5 virus phage. In addition, we have been able to monitor, in real time, the interaction between the bacteriophage T5 and purified antibodies targeting its major capsid protein pb8, as well as between the phage SPP1 and nonpurified anti-SPP1 antibodies present in rabbit serum. Interestingly, these virus-antibody interactions are observed within minutes. Finally, by estimating the number of viral particles interacting with antibodies at different concentrations, we successfully quantify the dissociation constant K d of the virus-antibody reaction using single-particle tracking analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Alhaddad
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Houda Bey
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Pascale Boulanger
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Orsay, France
| | - Claude Boccara
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Martine Boccara
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie de l’ENS, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Ignacio Izeddin
- Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS, PSL University, Paris, France
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3
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McMahon A, Andrews R, Groves D, Ghani SV, Cordes T, Kapanidis AN, Robb NC. High-throughput super-resolution analysis of influenza virus pleomorphism reveals insights into viral spatial organization. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011484. [PMID: 37390113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many viruses form highly pleomorphic particles. In influenza, virion structure is of interest not only in the context of virus assembly, but also because pleomorphic variations may correlate with infectivity and pathogenicity. We have used fluorescence super-resolution microscopy combined with a rapid automated analysis pipeline, a method well-suited to the study of large numbers of pleomorphic structures, to image many thousands of individual influenza virions; gaining information on their size, morphology and the distribution of membrane-embedded and internal proteins. We observed broad phenotypic variability in filament size, and Fourier transform analysis of super resolution images demonstrated no generalized common spatial frequency patterning of HA or NA on the virion surface, suggesting a model of virus particle assembly where the release of progeny filaments from cells occurs in a stochastic way. We also showed that viral RNP complexes are located preferentially within Archetti bodies when these were observed at filament ends, suggesting that these structures may play a role in virus transmission. Our approach therefore offers exciting new insights into influenza virus morphology and represents a powerful technique that is easily extendable to the study of pleomorphism in other pathogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McMahon
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Andrews
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle Groves
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Sohail V Ghani
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Thorben Cordes
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Achillefs N Kapanidis
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole C Robb
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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4
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Bhalla N, Payam AF. Addressing the Silent Spread of Monkeypox Disease with Advanced Analytical Tools. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206633. [PMID: 36517107 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox disease is caused by a virus which belongs to the orthopoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family. This disease has recently spread out to several non-endemic countries. While some cases have been linked to travel from endemic regions, more recent infections are thought to have spread in the community without any travel links, raising the risks of a wider outbreak. This state of public health represents a highly unusual event which requires urgent surveillance. In this context, the opportunities and technological challenges of current bio/chemical sensors, nanomaterials, nanomaterial characterization instruments, and artificially intelligent biosystems collectively called "advanced analytical tools" are reviewed here, which will allow early detection, characterization, and inhibition of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) in the community and limit its expansion from endemic to pandemic. A summary of background information is also provided from biological and epidemiological perspective of monkeypox to support the scientific case for its holistic management using advanced analytical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, York St., BT15 1ED Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Healthcare Technology Hub, Ulster University, York St., BT15 1ED Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Amir Farokh Payam
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, York St., BT15 1ED Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Healthcare Technology Hub, Ulster University, York St., BT15 1ED Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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5
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Differences in IgG autoantibody Fab glycosylation across autoimmune diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023:S0091-6749(23)00091-X. [PMID: 36716825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased prevalence of autoantibody Fab glycosylation has been demonstrated for several autoimmune diseases. OBJECTIVES To study whether elevated Fab glycosylation is a common feature of autoimmunity, this study investigated Fab glycosylation levels on serum IgG and its subclasses for autoantibodies associated with a range of different B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis subtypes, pemphigus vulgaris, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. METHODS The level of Fab glycosylated IgG antibodies was assessed by lectin affinity chromatography and autoantigen-specific immunoassays. RESULTS In 6 of 10 autoantibody responses, in 5 of 8 diseases, the investigators found increased levels of Fab glycosylation on IgG autoantibodies that varied from 86% in rheumatoid arthritis to 26% in systemic lupus erythematosus. Elevated autoantibody Fab glycosylation was not restricted to IgG4, which is known to be prone to Fab glycosylation, but was also present in IgG1. When autoimmune diseases with a chronic disease course were compared with more acute autoimmune illnesses, increased Fab glycosylation was restricted to the chronic diseases. As a proxy for chronic autoantigen exposure, the investigators determined Fab glycosylation levels on antibodies to common latent herpes viruses, as well as to glycoprotein 120 in individuals who are chronically HIV-1-infected. Immunity to these viral antigens was not associated with increased Fab glycosylation levels, indicating that chronic antigen-stimulation as such does not lead to increased Fab glycosylation levels. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that in chronic but not acute B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, disease-specific autoantibodies are enriched for Fab glycans.
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6
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Shiaelis N, Tometzki A, Peto L, McMahon A, Hepp C, Bickerton E, Favard C, Muriaux D, Andersson M, Oakley S, Vaughan A, Matthews PC, Stoesser N, Crook DW, Kapanidis AN, Robb NC. Virus Detection and Identification in Minutes Using Single-Particle Imaging and Deep Learning. ACS NANO 2023; 17:697-710. [PMID: 36541630 PMCID: PMC9836350 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The increasing frequency and magnitude of viral outbreaks in recent decades, epitomized by the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in an urgent need for rapid and sensitive diagnostic methods. Here, we present a methodology for virus detection and identification that uses a convolutional neural network to distinguish between microscopy images of fluorescently labeled intact particles of different viruses. Our assay achieves labeling, imaging, and virus identification in less than 5 min and does not require any lysis, purification, or amplification steps. The trained neural network was able to differentiate SARS-CoV-2 from negative clinical samples, as well as from other common respiratory pathogens such as influenza and seasonal human coronaviruses. We were also able to differentiate closely related strains of influenza, as well as SARS-CoV-2 variants. Additional and novel pathogens can easily be incorporated into the test through software updates, offering the potential to rapidly utilize the technology in future infectious disease outbreaks or pandemics. Single-particle imaging combined with deep learning therefore offers a promising alternative to traditional viral diagnostic and genomic sequencing methods and has the potential for significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Shiaelis
- Biological
Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Tometzki
- Biological
Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Leon Peto
- Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Department
of Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, OxfordOX3 9DU, United
Kingdom
| | - Andrew McMahon
- Biological
Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Christof Hepp
- Biological
Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Erica Bickerton
- The
Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, SurreyGU24 0NF, United
Kingdom
| | - Cyril Favard
- Membrane
Domains and Viral Assembly, IRIM, UMR 9004 CNRS and University of Montpellier, 1919, route de Mende, 34293Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- Membrane
Domains and Viral Assembly, IRIM, UMR 9004 CNRS and University of Montpellier, 1919, route de Mende, 34293Montpellier, France
- CEMIPAI, UMS 3725 CNRS and University of Montpellier, 1919, route de Mende, 34293Montpellier, France
| | - Monique Andersson
- Department
of Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, OxfordOX3 9DU, United
Kingdom
| | - Sarah Oakley
- Department
of Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, OxfordOX3 9DU, United
Kingdom
| | - Ali Vaughan
- Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- NIHR
Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University
of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United
Kingdom
| | - Philippa C. Matthews
- Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Stoesser
- Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- NIHR
Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections
and Antimicrobial Resistance, in partnership with Public Health England, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Derrick W. Crook
- Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- NIHR
Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University
of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United
Kingdom
- NIHR
Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections
and Antimicrobial Resistance, in partnership with Public Health England, University of Oxford, OxfordOX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Achillefs N. Kapanidis
- Biological
Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- The
Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Building, South Parks Road, OxfordOX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole C. Robb
- Biological
Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Warwick
Medical School, University of Warwick, CoventryCV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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7
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Abdolhosseini M, Zandsalimi F, Moghaddam FS, Tavoosidana G. A review on colorimetric assays for DNA virus detection. J Virol Methods 2022; 301:114461. [PMID: 35031384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2022.114461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Early detection is one of the ways to deal with DNA virus widespread prevalence, and it is necessary to know new diagnostic methods and techniques. Colorimetric assays are one of the most advantageous methods in detecting viruses. These methods are based on color change, which can be seen either with the naked eye or with special devices. The aim of this study is to introduce and evaluate effective colorimetric methods based on amplification, nanoparticle, CRISPR/Cas, and Lateral flow in the diagnosis of DNA viruses and to discuss the effectiveness of each of the updated methods. Compared to the other methods, colorimetric assays are preferred for faster detection, high efficiency, cheaper cost, and high sensitivity and specificity. It is expected that the spread of these viruses can be prevented by identifying and developing new methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoreh Abdolhosseini
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Zandsalimi
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Salasar Moghaddam
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Tavoosidana
- Molecular Medicine Department, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Robb NC. Virus morphology: Insights from super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166347. [PMID: 35032594 PMCID: PMC8755447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
As epitomised by the COVID-19 pandemic, diseases caused by viruses are one of the greatest health and economic burdens to human society. Viruses are ‘nanostructures’, and their small size (typically less than 200 nm in diameter) can make it challenging to obtain images of their morphology and structure. Recent advances in fluorescence microscopy have given rise to super-resolution techniques, which have enabled the structure of viruses to be visualised directly at a resolution in the order of 20 nm. This mini-review discusses how recent state-of-the-art super-resolution imaging technologies are providing new nanoscale insights into virus structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Robb
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
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9
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Akay M, Subramaniam S, Brennan C, Bonato P, Waits CMK, Wheeler BC, Fotiadis DI. Healthcare Innovations to Address the Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2022; 26:3294-3302. [PMID: 35077374 PMCID: PMC9423029 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2022.3144941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have been faced with an unprecedented challenge in combating the COVID-19/SARS-CoV2 outbreak that is threatening the fabric of our civilization, causing catastrophic human losses and a tremendous economic burden globally. During this difficult time, there has been an urgent need for biomedical engineers, clinicians, and healthcare industry leaders to work together to develop novel diagnostics and treatments to fight the pandemic including the development of portable, rapidly deployable, and affordable diagnostic testing kits, personal protective equipment, mechanical ventilators, vaccines, and data analysis and modeling tools. In this position paper, we address the urgent need to bring these inventions into clinical practices. This paper highlights and summarizes the discussions and new technologies in COVID-19 healthcare, screening, tracing, and treatment-related presentations made at the IEEE EMBS Public Forum on COVID-19. The paper also provides recent studies, statistics and data and new perspectives on ongoing and future challenges pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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10
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Tang T, Savva A, Traberg WC, Xu C, Thiburce Q, Liu HY, Pappa AM, Martinelli E, Withers A, Cornelius M, Salleo A, Owens RM, Daniel S. Functional Infectious Nanoparticle Detector: Finding Viruses by Detecting Their Host Entry Functions Using Organic Bioelectronic Devices. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18142-18152. [PMID: 34694775 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging viruses will continue to be a threat to human health and wellbeing into the foreseeable future. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed the necessity for rapid viral sensing and inhibitor screening in mitigating viral spread and impact. Here, we present a platform that uses a label-free electronic readout as well as a dual capability of optical (fluorescence) readout to sense the ability of a virus to bind and fuse with a host cell membrane, thereby sensing viral entry. This approach introduces a hitherto unseen level of specificity by distinguishing fusion-competent viruses from fusion-incompetent viruses. The ability to discern between competent and incompetent viruses means that this device could also be used for applications beyond detection, such as screening antiviral compounds for their ability to block virus entry mechanisms. Using optical means, we first demonstrate the ability to recapitulate the entry processes of influenza virus using a biomembrane containing the viral receptor that has been functionalized on a transparent organic bioelectronic device. Next, we detect virus membrane fusion, using the same, label-free devices. Using both reconstituted and native cell membranes as materials to functionalize organic bioelectronic devices, configured as electrodes and transistors, we measure changes in membrane properties when virus fusion is triggered by a pH drop, inducing hemagglutinin to undergo a conformational change that leads to membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Tang
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Walther C Traberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cheyan Xu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Quentin Thiburce
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Han-Yuan Liu
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Eleonora Martinelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Aimee Withers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mercedes Cornelius
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB30AS Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Daniel
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Olin Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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11
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Hepp C, Shiaelis N, Robb NC, Vaughan A, Matthews PC, Stoesser N, Crook D, Kapanidis AN. Viral detection and identification in 20 min by rapid single-particle fluorescence in-situ hybridization of viral RNA. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19579. [PMID: 34599242 PMCID: PMC8486776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing risk from viral outbreaks such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates the need for rapid, affordable and sensitive methods for virus detection, identification and quantification; however, existing methods for detecting virus particles in biological samples usually depend on multistep protocols that take considerable time to yield a result. Here, we introduce a rapid fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) protocol capable of detecting influenza virus, avian infectious bronchitis virus and SARS-CoV-2 specifically and quantitatively in approximately 20 min, in virus cultures, combined nasal and throat swabs with added virus and likely patient samples without previous purification. This fast and facile workflow can be adapted both as a lab technique and a future diagnostic tool in enveloped viruses with an accessible genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Hepp
- Biological Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Nicolas Shiaelis
- Biological Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Nicole C Robb
- Biological Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Alison Vaughan
- Nuffield Department for Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | | | - Nicole Stoesser
- Nuffield Department for Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford in Partnership With Public Health England, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Derrick Crook
- Nuffield Department for Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford in Partnership With Public Health England, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Achillefs N Kapanidis
- Biological Physics Research Group, Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
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12
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Shokr A, Pacheco LGC, Thirumalaraju P, Kanakasabapathy MK, Gandhi J, Kartik D, Silva FSR, Erdogmus E, Kandula H, Luo S, Yu XG, Chung RT, Li JZ, Kuritzkes DR, Shafiee H. Mobile Health (mHealth) Viral Diagnostics Enabled with Adaptive Adversarial Learning. ACS NANO 2021; 15:665-673. [PMID: 33226787 PMCID: PMC8299938 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Deep-learning (DL)-based image processing has potential to revolutionize the use of smartphones in mobile health (mHealth) diagnostics of infectious diseases. However, the high variability in cellphone image data acquisition and the common need for large amounts of specialist-annotated images for traditional DL model training may preclude generalizability of smartphone-based diagnostics. Here, we employed adversarial neural networks with conditioning to develop an easily reconfigurable virus diagnostic platform that leverages a dataset of smartphone-taken microfluidic chip photos to rapidly generate image classifiers for different target pathogens on-demand. Adversarial learning was also used to augment this real image dataset by generating 16,000 realistic synthetic microchip images, through style generative adversarial networks (StyleGAN). We used this platform, termed smartphone-based pathogen detection resource multiplier using adversarial networks (SPyDERMAN), to accurately detect different intact viruses in clinical samples and to detect viral nucleic acids through integration with CRISPR diagnostics. We evaluated the performance of the system in detecting five different virus targets using 179 patient samples. The generalizability of the system was confirmed by rapid reconfiguration to detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens in nasal swab samples (n = 62) with 100% accuracy. Overall, the SPyDERMAN system may contribute to epidemic preparedness strategies by providing a platform for smartphone-based diagnostics that can be adapted to a given emerging viral agent within days of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shokr
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Luis G C Pacheco
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Prudhvi Thirumalaraju
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jahnavi Gandhi
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Deeksha Kartik
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Filipe S R Silva
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Eda Erdogmus
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hemanth Kandula
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shenglin Luo
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xu G Yu
- The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Daniel R Kuritzkes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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13
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Islam MT, Quispe C, Martorell M, Docea AO, Salehi B, Calina D, Reiner Ž, Sharifi-Rad J. Dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals as potential interventions against viruses: Perspectives for COVID-19. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2021; 92:49-66. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19 disease pandemic has infected millions of people and caused more than thousands of deaths in many countries across the world. The number of infected cases is increasing day by day. Unfortunately, we do not have a vaccine and specific treatment for it. Along with the protective measures, respiratory and/or circulatory supports and some antiviral and retroviral drugs have been used against SARS-CoV-2, but there are no more extensive studies proving their efficacy. In this study, the latest publications in the field have been reviewed, focusing on the modulatory effects on the immunity of some natural antiviral dietary supplements, vitamins and minerals. Findings suggest that several dietary supplements, including black seeds, garlic, ginger, cranberry, orange, omega-3 and -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins (e.g., A, B vitamins, C, D, E), and minerals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Se, Zn) have anti-viral effects. Many of them act against various species of respiratory viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruses. Therefore, dietary supplements, including vitamins and minerals, probiotics as well as individual nutritional behaviour can be used as adjuvant therapy together with antiviral medicines in the management of COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Concepción, Chile
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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