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Wallon S, Rigal F, Melo CD, Elias RB, Borges PAV. Unveiling Arthropod Responses to Climate Change: A Functional Trait Analysis in Intensive Pastures. INSECTS 2024; 15:677. [PMID: 39336645 PMCID: PMC11432249 DOI: 10.3390/insects15090677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of elevated temperatures on arthropod communities in intensively managed pastures on the volcanic island of Terceira, Azores (Portugal), using a functional trait approach. Open Top Chambers (OTCs) were employed to simulate increased temperatures, and the functional traits of ground dwelling arthropods were analyzed along a small elevation gradient (180-400 m) during winter and summer. Key findings include lower abundances of herbivores, coprophagous organisms, detritivores, and fungivores at high elevations in summer, with predators showing a peak at middle elevations. Larger-bodied arthropods were more prevalent at higher elevations during winter, while beetles exhibited distinct ecological traits, with larger species peaking at middle elevations. The OTCs significantly affected the arthropod communities, increasing the abundance of herbivores, predators, coprophagous organisms, and fungivores during winter by alleviating environmental stressors. Notably, iridescent beetles decreased with elevation and were more common inside OTCs at lower elevations, suggesting a thermoregulatory advantage. The study underscores the importance of considering functional traits in assessing the impacts of climate change on arthropod communities and highlights the complex, species-specific nature of their responses to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Wallon
- CE3C-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - François Rigal
- CE3C-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico Chimie Pour L'environnement et les Materiaux UMR 5254, Comité National de la Recherche Scientifque-University de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour-E2S UPPA, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Catarina D Melo
- CE3C-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
- CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology, Universidade de Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui B Elias
- CE3C-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Paulo A V Borges
- CE3C-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Pico da Urze, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
- IUCN SSC Atlantic Islands Invertebrate Specialist Group, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
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Géron C, Cuthbert RN, Hotte H, Renault D. Density-dependent predatory impacts of an invasive beetle across a subantarctic archipelago. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14456. [PMID: 37660144 PMCID: PMC10475102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions represent a major threat to biodiversity, especially in cold insular environments characterized by high levels of endemism and low species diversity which are heavily impacted by global warming. Terrestrial invertebrates are very responsive to environmental changes, and native terrestrial invertebrates from cold islands tend to be naive to novel predators. Therefore, understanding the relationships between predators and prey in the context of global changes is essential for the management of these areas, particularly in the case of non-native predators. Merizodus soledadinus (Guérin-Méneville, 1830) is an invasive non-native insect species present on two subantarctic archipelagos, where it has extensive distribution and increasing impacts. While the biology of M. soledadinus has recently received attention, its trophic interactions have been less examined. We investigated how characteristics of M. soledadinus, its density, as well as prey density influence its predation rate on the Kerguelen Islands where the temporal evolution of its geographic distribution is precisely known. Our results show that M. soledadinus can have high ecological impacts on insect communities when present in high densities regardless of its residence time, consistent with the observed decline of the native fauna of the Kerguelen Islands in other studies. Special attention should be paid to limiting factors enhancing its dispersal and improving biosecurity for invasive insect species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charly Géron
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Écosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19, Chlorine Gardens, BT9 5DL, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Hoël Hotte
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Écosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France
- Nematology Unit, Plant Health Laboratory, ANSES, Domaine de la Motte au Vicomte - BP 35327, 35650, Le Rheu, France
| | - David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Écosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution) - UMR 6553, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France.
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Renault D, Leclerc C, Colleu M, Boutet A, Hotte H, Colinet H, Chown SL, Convey P. The rising threat of climate change for arthropods from Earth's cold regions: Taxonomic rather than native status drives species sensitivity. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:5914-5927. [PMID: 35811569 PMCID: PMC9544941 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polar and alpine regions are changing rapidly with global climate change. Yet, the impacts on biodiversity, especially on the invertebrate ectotherms which are dominant in these areas, remain poorly understood. Short-term extreme temperature events, which are growing in frequency, are expected to have profound impacts on high-latitude ectotherms, with native species being less resilient than their alien counterparts. Here, we examined in the laboratory the effects of short periodic exposures to thermal extremes on survival responses of seven native and two non-native invertebrates from the sub-Antarctic Islands. We found that survival of dipterans was significantly reduced under warming exposures, on average having median lethal times (LT50 ) of about 30 days in control conditions, which declined to about 20 days when exposed to daily short-term maxima of 24°C. Conversely, coleopterans were either not, or were less, affected by the climatic scenarios applied, with predicted LT50 as high as 65 days under the warmest condition (daily exposures at 28°C for 2 h). The native spider Myro kerguelensis was characterized by an intermediate sensitivity when subjected to short-term daily heat maxima. Our results unexpectedly revealed a taxonomic influence, with physiological sensitivity to heat differing between higher level taxa, but not between native and non-native species representing the same higher taxon. The survival of a non-native carabid beetle under the experimentally imposed conditions was very high, but similar to that of native beetles, while native and non-native flies also exhibited very similar sensitivity to warming. As dipterans are a major element of diversity of sub-Antarctic, Arctic and other cold ecosystems, such observations suggest that the increased occurrence of extreme, short-term, thermal events could lead to large-scale restructuring of key terrestrial ecosystem components both in ecosystems protected from and those exposed to the additional impacts of biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Camille Leclerc
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
- INRAE, Aix‐Marseille Université, UMR RECOVERAix‐en‐ProvenceFrance
| | - Marc‐Antoine Colleu
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Aude Boutet
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Hoel Hotte
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
- Nematology Unit, Plant Health LaboratoryANSESLe Rheu CedexFrance
| | - Hervé Colinet
- UMR 6553Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)RennesFrance
| | - Steven L. Chown
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERCCambridgeUK
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of JohannesburgAuckland ParkSouth Africa
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Evans MJ, Barton P, Niwa S, Soga M, Seibold S, Tsuchiya K, Hisano M. Climate-driven divergent long-term trends of forest beetles in Japan. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2009-2021. [PMID: 35904819 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Concerning declines in insect populations have been reported from Europe and the United States, yet there are gaps in our knowledge of the drivers of insect trends and their distribution across the world. We report on our analysis of a spatially extensive, 14-year study of ground-dwelling beetles in four natural forest biomes spanning Japan's entire latitudinal range (3000 km). Beetle species richness, abundance and biomass declined in evergreen coniferous forests but increased in broadleaf-coniferous mixed forests. Further, beetles in evergreen coniferous forests responded negatively to increased temperature and precipitation anomalies, which have both risen over the study's timespan. These significant changes parallel reports of climate-driven changes in forest tree species, providing further evidence that climate change is altering forest ecosystems fundamentally. Given the enormous biodiversity and ecosystem services that forests support globally, the implications for biodiversity change resulting from climate change could be profound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maldwyn J Evans
- Department of Ecosystem Studies, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Philip Barton
- Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Masashi Soga
- Department of Ecosystem Studies, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sebastian Seibold
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.,Berchtesgaden National Park, Berchtesgaden, Germany
| | - Kazuaki Tsuchiya
- Social Systems Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masumi Hisano
- Department of Ecosystem Studies, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Ben-Yosef M, Verykouki E, Altman Y, Nemni-Lavi E, Papadopoulos NT, Nestel D. Effects of Thermal Acclimation on the Tolerance of Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Hydric Stress. Front Physiol 2021; 12:686424. [PMID: 34539427 PMCID: PMC8446596 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.686424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects, similarly to other small terrestrial invertebrates, are particularly susceptible to climatic stress. Physiological adjustments to cope with the environment (i.e., acclimation) together with genetic makeup eventually determine the tolerance of a species to climatic extremes, and constrain its distribution. Temperature and desiccation resistance in insects are both conditioned by acclimation and may be interconnected, particularly for species inhabiting xeric environments. We determined the effect of temperature acclimation on desiccation resistance of the peach fruit fly (Bactrocera zonata, Tephritidae) – an invasive, polyphagous pest, currently spreading through both xeric and mesic environments in Africa and the Eurasian continent. Following acclimation at three constant temperatures (20, 25, and 30°C), the survival of adult flies deprived of food and water was monitored in extreme dry and humid conditions (<10 and >90% relative humidity, respectively). We found that flies acclimated at higher temperatures were significantly heavier, and contained more lipids and protein. Acclimation temperature significantly and similarly affected the survival of males and females at both high and low humidity conditions. In both cases, flies maintained at 30°C survived longer compared to 20 and 25°C – habituated counterparts. Regardless of the effect of acclimation temperature on survival, overall life expectancy was significantly shortened when flies were assayed under desiccating conditions. Additionally, our experiments indicate no significant difference in survival patterns between males and females, and that acclimation temperature had similar effects after both short (5–10 days) and long (11–20 days) acclimation periods. We conclude that acclimation at 30°C prolongs the survival of B. zonata, regardless of ambient humidity levels. Temperature probably affected survival through modulating feeding and metabolism, allowing for accumulation of larger energetic reserves, which in turn, promoted a greater ability to resist starvation, and possibly desiccation as well. Our study set the grounds for understanding the phenotypic plasticity of B. zonata from the hydric perspective, and for further evaluating the invasion potential of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ben-Yosef
- Department of Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Eleni Verykouki
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Yam Altman
- Department of Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Esther Nemni-Lavi
- Department of Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Nikos T Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - David Nestel
- Department of Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel
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Habitat and Landform Types Drive the Distribution of Carabid Beetles at High Altitudes. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13040142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The high altitude mountain slopes of the Dolomites (Italian Alps) are characterized by great habitat and landform heterogeneities. In this paper, we investigated the effect of Nature 2000 habitat and landform types in driving the high altitude ground beetle (Carabidae) distribution in the Western Dolomites (Brenta group, Italy). We studied the carabid assemblages collected in 55 sampling points distributed in four Nature 2000 habitat types and four landform types located between 1860 and 2890 m above sea level (a.s.l.). Twenty-two species, half of them Alpine endemics, were sampled. Species richness and taxonomic distinctness did not show any significant difference among habitat types; conversely, these differences became significant when the landform type was considered. Total activity density and the frequency of brachypterous, endemic and predatory species showed significant differences between both habitat and landform types. Indicator species analysis identified twelve species linked to a specific habitat type and thirteen species linked to a specific landform type. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that altitude and vegetation cover drove the species distribution in each habitat and landform type while the aspect had a weak effect. Our results highlight the need for a geomorphological characterization of the sampling points when high altitude ground-dwelling arthropods are investigated.
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Lebouvier M, Lambret P, Garnier A, Convey P, Frenot Y, Vernon P, Renault D. Spotlight on the invasion of a carabid beetle on an oceanic island over a 105-year period. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17103. [PMID: 33051466 PMCID: PMC7553920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The flightless beetle Merizodus soledadinus, native to the Falkland Islands and southern South America, was introduced to the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands in the early Twentieth Century. Using available literature data, in addition to collecting more than 2000 new survey (presence/absence) records of M. soledadinus over the 1991-2018 period, we confirmed the best estimate of the introduction date of M. soledadinus to the archipelago, and tracked subsequent changes in its abundance and geographical distribution. The range expansion of this flightless insect was initially slow, but has accelerated over the past 2 decades, in parallel with increased local abundance. Human activities may have facilitated further local colonization by M. soledadinus, which is now widespread in the eastern part of the archipelago. This predatory insect is a major threat to the native invertebrate fauna, in particular to the endemic wingless flies Anatalanta aptera and Calycopteryx moseleyi which can be locally eliminated by the beetle. Our distribution data also suggest an accelerating role of climate change in the range expansion of M. soledadinus, with populations now thriving in low altitude habitats. Considering that no control measures, let alone eradication, are practicable, it is essential to limit any further local range expansion of this aggressively invasive insect through human assistance. This study confirms the crucial importance of long term biosurveillance for the detection and monitoring of non-native species and the timely implementation of control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lebouvier
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - Philippe Lambret
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - Alexia Garnier
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale des Terres Australes Françaises, Rue Gabriel Dejean, 97410, Saint Pierre, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Yves Frenot
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - Philippe Vernon
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France
| | - David Renault
- CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, University of Rennes 1, Bâtiment 14A, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, 35042, Rennes cedex, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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