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Hu DG, Marri S, Hulin JA, Ansaar R, Mackenzie PI, McKinnon RA, Meech R. Activation of Cryptic Donor Splice Sites within the UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A First-Exon Region Generates Variant Transcripts That Encode UGT1A Proteins with Truncated Aglycone-Binding Domains. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:526-538. [PMID: 38565302 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) have crucial roles in metabolizing and clearing numerous small lipophilic compounds. The UGT1A locus generates nine UGT1A mRNAs, 65 spliced transcripts, and 34 circular RNAs. In this study, our analysis of published UGT-RNA capture sequencing (CaptureSeq) datasets identified novel splice junctions that predict 24 variant UGT1A transcripts derived from ligation of exon 2 to unique sequences within the UGT1A first-exon region using cryptic donor splice sites. Of these variants, seven (1A1_n1, 1A3_n3, 1A4_n4, 1A5_n1, 1A8_n2, 1A9_n2, 1A10_n7) are predicted to encode UGT1A proteins with truncated aglycone-binding domains. We assessed their expression profiles and deregulation in cancer using four RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) datasets of paired normal and cancerous drug-metabolizing tissues from large patient cohorts. Variants were generally coexpressed with their canonical counterparts with a higher relative abundance in tumor than in normal tissues. Variants showed tissue-specific expression with high interindividual variability but overall low abundance. However, 1A8_n2 showed high abundance in normal and cancerous colorectal tissues, with levels that approached or surpassed canonical 1A8 mRNA levels in many samples. We cloned 1A8_n2 and showed expression of the predicted protein (1A8_i3) in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293T cells. Glucuronidation assays with 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) showed that 1A8_i3 had no activity and was unable to inhibit the activity of 1A8_i1 protein. In summary, the activation of cryptic donor splice sites within the UGT1A first-exon region expands the UGT1A transcriptome and proteome. The 1A8_n2 cryptic donor splice site is highly active in colorectal tissues, representing an important cis-regulatory element that negatively regulates the function of the UGT1A8 gene through pre-mRNA splicing. SIGNIFICANT STATEMENT: The UGT1A locus generates nine canonical mRNAs, 65 alternately spliced transcripts, and 34 different circular RNAs. The present study reports a series of novel UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A variants resulting from use of cryptic donor splice sites in both normal and cancerous tissues, several of which are predicted to encode variant UGT1A proteins with truncated aglycone-binding domains. Of these, 1A8_n2 shows exceptionally high abundance in colorectal tissues, highlighting its potential role in the first-pass metabolism in gut through the glucuronidation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gui Hu
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Shashikanth Marri
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Julie-Ann Hulin
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Radwan Ansaar
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Peter I Mackenzie
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Ross A McKinnon
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Robyn Meech
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
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Hu DG, Marri S, Hulin JA, McKinnon RA, Mackenzie PI, Meech R. A Comprehensive Bioinformatic Analysis of RNA-seq Datasets Reveals a Differential and Variable Expression of Wildtype and Variant UGT1A Transcripts in Human Tissues and Their Deregulation in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:353. [PMID: 38254842 PMCID: PMC10814044 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The UGT1A locus generates over 60 different alternatively spliced transcripts and 30 circular RNAs. To date, v2 and v3 transcripts are the only variant UGT1A transcripts that have been functionally characterized. Both v2 and v3 transcripts encode the same inactive variant UGT1A proteins (i2s) that can negatively regulate glucuronidation activity and influence cancer cell metabolism. However, the abundance and interindividual variability in the expression of v2 and v3 transcripts in human tissues and their potential deregulation in cancers have not been comprehensively assessed. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the expression levels of v1, v2, and v3 transcripts using RNA-seq datasets with large cohorts of normal tissues and paired normal and tumor tissues from patients with six different cancer types (liver, kidney, colon, stomach, esophagus, and bladder cancer). We found that v2 and v3 abundance varied significantly between different tissue types, and that interindividual variation was also high within the same tissue type. Moreover, the ratio of v2 to v3 variants varied between tissues, implying their differential regulation. Our results showed higher v2 abundance in gastrointestinal tissues than liver and kidney tissues, suggesting a more significant negative regulation of glucuronidation by i2 proteins in gastrointestinal tissues than in liver and kidney tissues. We further showed differential deregulation of wildtype (v1) and variant transcripts (v2, v3) in cancers that generally increased the v2/v1 and/or v3/v1 expression ratios in tumors compared to normal tissues, indicating a more significant role of the variants in tumors. Finally, we report ten novel UGT1A transcripts with novel 3' terminal exons, most of which encode variant proteins with a similar structure to UGT1A_i2 proteins. These findings further emphasize the diversity of the UGT1A transcriptome and proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gui Hu
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia; (S.M.); (J.-A.H.); (R.A.M.); (P.I.M.); (R.M.)
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Li X, Lu Y, Wen P, Yuan Y, Xiao Z, Shi H, Feng E. Matrine restrains the development of colorectal cancer through regulating the AGRN/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:809-819. [PMID: 36620879 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is a common malignant digestive tract tumor. This study aimed to explore the biological role and potential underlying mechanism of matrine in colorectal cancer. METHODS The mRNA expression of AGRN was measured using RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were determined using CCK-8, EdU, transwell assays and flow cytometry, respectively. Xenograft tumor experiment was performed to explore the action of matrine and AGRN on tumor growth in colorectal cancer in vivo. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was applied for AGRN, β-catenin, and c-Myc expression in the tumor tissues from mice. RESULTS Matrine dramatically repressed cell growth and reduced the level of AGRN in colorectal cancer cells. AGRN expression was boosted colorectal cancer tissues and cells. AGRN downregulation depressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and enhanced cell apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, matrine showed the anti-tumor effects on colorectal cancer cells via regulating AGRN expression. AGRN knockdown could inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer cells. We found that AGRN downregulation exhibited the inhibition action in the progression of colorectal cancer by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, matrine could inhibit the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through regulating AGRN in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, xenograft tumor experiment revealed that matrine treatment or AGRN knockdown repressed the development of colorectal cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vivo. CONCLUSION Matrine retarded colorectal cancer development by modulating AGRN to inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Department of radiation oncology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, China
| | - Penghao Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Zhenghong Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Hengwei Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Eryan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
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Transcriptome profiling of colorectal tumors from patients with sepsis reveals an ethnic basis for viral infection risk and sepsis progression. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20646. [PMID: 36450776 PMCID: PMC9709755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality from cancer-associated sepsis varies by cancer site and host responses to sepsis are heterogenous. Native Hawaiians have the highest mortality risk from cancer-associated sepsis and colorectal cancer (CRC), even though they demonstrate lower CRC incidence compared to other ethnicities. We conducted a retrospective transcriptomic analysis of CRC tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissue from adult patients of Native Hawaiian and Japanese ethnicity who died from cancer-associated sepsis. We examined differential gene expression in relation to patient survival and sepsis disease etiology. Native Hawaiian CRC patients diagnosed with sepsis had a median survival of 5 (IQR 4-49) months, compared to 117 (IQR 30-146) months for Japanese patients. Transcriptomic analyses identified two distinct sepsis gene signatures classified as early response and late response sepsis genes that were significantly altered in the Native Hawaiian cohort. Analysis of canonical pathways revealed significant up and downregulation in mechanisms of viral exit from host cells (p = 4.52E-04) and epithelial junction remodeling (p = 4.01E-05). Key genes including elongation initiation factor pathway genes, GSK3B, and regulatory associated protein of mTOR (RPTOR) genes that protect cells from infection were significantly downregulated in Native Hawaiians. Genes promoting sepsis progression including CLOCK, PPBP and Rho family GTPASE 2 (RND2) were upregulated in Native Hawaiian patients. Our transcriptomic approach advances understanding of sepsis heterogeneity by revealing a role of genetic background and defining patient subgroups with altered early and late biological responses to sepsis. This study is the first to investigate differential gene expression in CRC-associated sepsis patients in relation to ethnicity. Our findings may lead to personalized approaches in stratifying patient mortality risk for sepsis and in the development of effective targeted therapies for sepsis.
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Hsieh CH, Kuan WH, Chang WL, Kuo IY, Liu H, Shieh DB, Liu H, Tan B, Wang YC. Dysregulation of SOX17/NRF2 axis confers chemoradiotherapy resistance and emerges as a novel therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:90. [PMID: 36310172 PMCID: PMC9618214 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide with a dismal overall 5-year survival rate of less than 20%. The standard first-line therapy for advanced ESCC is concomitant chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT); however, patients usually develop resistance, resulting in unfavorable outcomes. Therefore, it is urgent to identify the mechanisms underlying CCRT resistance and develop effective treatment strategies. Methods Patients’ endoscopic biopsy tumor tissues obtained before CCRT treatment were used to perform RNA-seq and GSEA analysis. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and promoter reporter analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between SOX17 and NRF2. Xenograft mouse models were used to study the role of SOX17/NRF2 axis in tumor growth and the efficacy of carboxymethyl cellulose-coated zero-valent-iron (ZVI@CMC). Results In this study, a notable gene expression signature associated with NRF2 activation was observed in the poor CCRT responders. Further, IHC staining of endoscopic biopsy of 164 ESCC patients revealed an inverse correlation between NRF2 and SOX17, a tumor-suppressive transcription factor with low expression in ESCC due to promoter hypermethylation. Using ChIP and promoter reporter analyses, we demonstrated that SOX17 was a novel upstream transcriptional suppressor of NRF2. In particular, SOX17low/NRF2high nuclear level significantly correlated with poor CCRT response and poor survival, indicating that the dysregulation of SOX17/NRF2 axis played a pivotal role in CCRT resistance and tumor progression. Notably, the in-house developed nanoparticle ZVI@CMC functioned as an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases to restore expression of SOX17 that downregulated NRF2, thereby overcoming the resistance in ESCC. Additionally, the combination of ZVI@CMC with radiation treatment significantly augmented anticancer efficacy to inhibit tumor growth in CCRT resistant cancer. Conclusion This study identifies a novel SOX17low/NRF2high signature in ESCC patients with poor prognosis, recognizes SOX17 as a transcriptional repressor of NRF2, and provides a promising strategy targeting SOX17/NRF2 axis to overcome resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00873-4.
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Yang CK, Hsu HC, Liu YH, Tsai WS, Ma CP, Chen YT, Tan BCM, Lai YY, Chang IYF, Yang C, Yang CY, Yu JS, Liu H. EV-miRome-wide profiling uncovers miR-320c for detecting metastatic colorectal cancer and monitoring the therapeutic response. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:621-638. [PMID: 35849310 PMCID: PMC9424175 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Molecular composition of circulating small extracellular vesicles (EVs) does not merely reflect the cells of origin, but also is enriched in specific biomolecules directly associated with the cellular transformation. However, while most of the currently identified EV-miRs are only geared towards one-dimensional disease detection, their application for long-term tracking and treatment response monitoring has been largely elusive. METHODS We established and optimized a rapid, sensitive and robust liquid biopsy sampling method, and further used small RNA sequencing to comprehensively catalogue EV-miRomes in association with the progression and outcome of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). RESULTS By cross-comparison of EV-miRomes (n = 290) from multi-stage and longitudinal cohorts, we uncovered a 15-EV-miR signature with dual detection and long-term monitoring of tumor size progression for mCRC. From this panel, EV-miR-320c was uncovered as a strong clinical marker - aside from its diagnostic power and a therapeutic monitoring performance superior to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), its high expression has also been linked to lower overall survival and a greater likelihood of disease recurrence. Further, integrative analyses of tissue transcriptomic and liquid biopsy implicated this 15-EV-miR signature in programming the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) for distant localization of the metastasized cells and also in creating a tumor-favoring metastatic niche. CONCLUSION Our clinically-oriented delineation of the mCRC-associated circulating EV-miRomes systematically revealed the functional significance of these liquid biopsy markers and further strengthen their translational potential in mCRC therapeutic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Keng Yang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Hsu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sy Tsai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Pei Ma
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tung Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bertrand Chin-Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ian Yi-Feng Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Chiang SF, Huang HH, Tsai WS, Chin-Ming Tan B, Yang CY, Huang PJ, Yi-Feng Chang I, Lin J, Lu PS, Chin E, Liu YH, Yu JS, Chiang JM, Hung HY, You JF, Liu H. Comprehensive functional genomic analyses link APC somatic mutation and mRNA-miRNA networks to the clinical outcome of stage-III colorectal cancer patients. Biomed J 2021; 45:347-360. [PMID: 35550340 PMCID: PMC9250073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health concern globally, but exhibits regional and/or environmental distinctions in terms of outcome especially for patients with stage III CRC. Methods From 2014 to 2016, matched pairs of tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples from 60 patients with stage I–IV CRC from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The DNA, mRNA, and miRNA sequences of paired tumor tissues were profiled. An observational study with survival analysis was done. Online datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were also integrated and compared. Results The gene that exhibited the highest mutation rate was adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) (75.0%), followed by TP53 (70.0%), KRAS (56.6%), and TTN (48.3%). APC was also the most frequently mutated gene in TCGA and ICGC datasets. Surprisingly, for non-metastatic cases (stages I-III), CRC patients with mutated APC had better outcome in terms of overall survival (p = 0.041) and recurrence free survival (p = 0.0048). Particularly for stage III CRC, the overall survival rate was 94.4% and 67.7%, respectively (p = 0.018), and the recurrence free survival rate was 94.4% and 16.7%, respectively (p = 0.00044). Further clinical and gene expression analyses revealed that the APC wt specimens to a greater extent exhibit poor differentiation state as well as EGFR upregulation, providing molecular basis for the poor prognosis of these patients. Finally, based on integrated transcriptome analysis, we constructed the mRNA-miRNA networks underlying disease recurrence of the stage III CRC and uncovered potential therapeutic targets for this clinical condition. Conclusion For stage III CRC, patients with mutated APC had better overall and recurrence free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sum-Fu Chiang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Hsuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sy Tsai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bertrand Chin-Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ian Yi-Feng Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiarong Lin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Lu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - En Chin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jy-Ming Chiang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Hung
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Ashirbekov Y, Abaildayev A, Omarbayeva N, Botbayev D, Belkozhayev A, Askandirova A, Neupokoyeva A, Utegenova G, Sharipov K, Aitkhozhina N. Combination of circulating miR-145-5p/miR-191-5p as biomarker for breast cancer detection. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10494. [PMID: 33362968 PMCID: PMC7749656 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. At present, there is a need to search for new, accurate, reliable, minimally invasive and cheap biomarkers in addition to existing methods for the diagnosis and prognosis of BC. The main goal of this study was to test the diagnostic value of six circulating miRNAs in Kazakh women. Materials and methods TaqMan-based miRNA profiling was conducted using plasma specimens from 35 BC women patients and 33 healthy women samples (control group). Results The level of all seven miRNAs (including endogenous control) normalized by synthetic cel-miR-39 were significantly elevated in the group of BC patients. Normalization using miR-222-3p as endogenous control reduced differences in level of miRNAs between groups; as a result, only three miRNAs were significantly upregulated in the group of BC patients—miR-145-5p (P = 6.5e−12), miR-191-5p (P = 3.7e−10) and miR-21-5p (P = 0.0034). Moreover, ROC analysis showed that the use of miR-145-5p and miR-191-5p, both individually (AUC = 0.931 and 0.904, respectively) or in combination (AUC = 0.984), allows to accurately differentiate BC patients from healthy individuals. Conclusions Two plasma miRNAs—miR-145-5p and miR-191-5p—are potential biomarkers for diagnosis of BC in the Kazakh population. The findings need to be further substantiated using a more representative sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeldar Ashirbekov
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Arman Abaildayev
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul Omarbayeva
- Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Dauren Botbayev
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ayaz Belkozhayev
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Anel Askandirova
- Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Alena Neupokoyeva
- Almaty Branch of National Center for Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Kamalidin Sharipov
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nagima Aitkhozhina
- M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Wang ZQ, Sun XL, Wang YL, Miao YL. Agrin promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of rectal cancer cells via the WNT signaling pathway to contribute to rectal cancer progression. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:363-370. [PMID: 32862766 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1811325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rectal cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the digestive system with rapidly metastasis and highly recurrence. Agrin (AGRN) is a proteoglycan involving in a large number of human cancers. However, how AGRN regulates the progression of rectal cancer remains largely unknown. We aimed to determine the biological role of AGRN and its mechanism in rectal cancer. AGRN expression in rectal cancer tissues was detected based on TCGA. The survival curve was plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. qRT-PCR and western blot were utilized to examine the expression level of AGRN in cells. Cell proliferation, clonogenic ability, invasion, and migration of rectal cancer cells were analyzed by CCK-8, colony formation and transwell experiments. GSEA was employed for the analysis of the potential pathways-related with AGRN in rectal cancer. The activity of WNT pathway was determined by western blot. AGRN expression was dramatically increased in rectal cancer, and its up-regulation was associated with poorer prognosis of rectal cancer patients. AGRN expression was an independent factor for the prognosis of rectal cancer. AGRN inhibition suppressed rectal cancer cell growth, invasion, and migration, whereas AGRN overexpression facilitated these behaviors of rectal cancer cells in vitro. Mechanistically, WNT signaling pathway was enriched in high AGRN-expressing patients with rectal cancer. AGRN elevated the activity of WNT pathway through increasing Cyclin D1, C-Myc, p-GSK-3β, and p-β-catenin expression. Our present study indicated that AGRN might function as an oncogenic indicator in rectal cancer via activating the WNT pathway, which would help develop optimized therapeutic therapies for rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zai-Qiu Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Ye-Li Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Miao
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, PR China
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10
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Yang CY, Liu CR, Chang IYF, OuYang CN, Hsieh CH, Huang YL, Wang CI, Jan FW, Wang WL, Tsai TL, Liu H, Tseng CP, Chang YS, Wu CC, Chang KP. Cotargeting CHK1 and PI3K Synergistically Suppresses Tumor Growth of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patient-Derived Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071726. [PMID: 32610557 PMCID: PMC7408003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are aggressive tumors, and their recurrence leads to poor prognosis and reduced survival rates. This study aimed to identify therapeutic targets and to evaluate the efficacy of targeted inhibitors in OSCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Herein, we reported that OSCC PDXs recapitulated the genomic signatures of their paired primary tumors and the expression of CHEK1, PIK3CA, and PIK3CD was significantly upregulated in OSCC. The antitumor efficacy of CHK1 inhibitors (PF477736, AZD7762, LY2606368) and PI3K inhibitors (BYL719, GDC0941, GSK1059615) was investigated in OSCC cell lines and PDX models. Targeting either CHK1 or PI3K effectively inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in in vitro cell-based assays. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy combined with CHK1 inhibitor treatment synergistically inhibited cell proliferation by suppressing CHK1 phosphorylation and inducing PARP cleavage. Furthermore, compared with monotherapy, cotreatment with CHK1 and PI3K inhibitors exerted synergistic anticancer effects by suppressing CHK1, AKT, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. In summary, our study identified CHK1 and PI3K as promising targets, especially in a dual treatment strategy combining a CHK1 inhibitor with cisplatin or a PI3K inhibitor as a novel therapeutic approach for OSCC patients with aberrant cell cycle regulation and PI3K signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chiao-Rou Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Ian Yi-Feng Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chun-Nan OuYang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-I Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Fei-Wen Jan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
| | - Wan-Ling Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
| | - Ting-Lin Tsai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (C.-Y.Y.); (C.-R.L.); (F.-W.J.); (W.-L.W.); (T.-L.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (H.L.); (Y.-S.C.)
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-C.W.); or (K.-P.C.)
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (I.Y.-F.C.); (C.-N.O.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-C.W.); or (K.-P.C.)
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