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Deshmukh CS, Susanto AP, Nardi N, Nurholis N, Kurnianto S, Suardiwerianto Y, Hendrizal M, Rhinaldy A, Mahfiz RE, Desai AR, Page SE, Cobb AR, Hirano T, Guérin F, Serça D, Prairie YT, Agus F, Astiani D, Sabiham S, Evans CD. Net greenhouse gas balance of fibre wood plantation on peat in Indonesia. Nature 2023; 616:740-746. [PMID: 37020018 PMCID: PMC10132972 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropical peatlands cycle and store large amounts of carbon in their soil and biomass1-5. Climate and land-use change alters greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes of tropical peatlands, but the magnitude of these changes remains highly uncertain6-19. Here we measure net ecosystem exchanges of carbon dioxide, methane and soil nitrous oxide fluxes between October 2016 and May 2022 from Acacia crassicarpa plantation, degraded forest and intact forest within the same peat landscape, representing land-cover-change trajectories in Sumatra, Indonesia. This allows us to present a full plantation rotation GHG flux balance in a fibre wood plantation on peatland. We find that the Acacia plantation has lower GHG emissions than the degraded site with a similar average groundwater level (GWL), despite more intensive land use. The GHG emissions from the Acacia plantation over a full plantation rotation (35.2 ± 4.7 tCO2-eq ha-1 year-1, average ± standard deviation) were around two times higher than those from the intact forest (20.3 ± 3.7 tCO2-eq ha-1 year-1), but only half of the current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 1 emission factor (EF)20 for this land use. Our results can help to reduce the uncertainty in GHG emissions estimates, provide an estimate of the impact of land-use change on tropical peat and develop science-based peatland management practices as nature-based climate solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra S Deshmukh
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia.
| | - Ari P Susanto
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | - Nardi Nardi
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | - Nurholis Nurholis
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | - Sofyan Kurnianto
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | | | - M Hendrizal
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | - Ade Rhinaldy
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | - Reyzaldi E Mahfiz
- Asia Pacific Resources International Ltd., Pelalawan Regency, Indonesia
| | - Ankur R Desai
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Susan E Page
- School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alexander R Cobb
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takashi Hirano
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Frédéric Guérin
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Serça
- LAERO, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, UT3, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves T Prairie
- UNESCO Chair in Global Environmental Change, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fahmuddin Agus
- National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Astiani
- Faculty of Forestry, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, Indonesia
| | - Supiandi Sabiham
- Department of Soil Science and Land Resources, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
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A global database of woody tissue carbon concentrations. Sci Data 2022. [PMCID: PMC9184483 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01396-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Woody tissue carbon (C) concentration is a key wood trait necessary for accurately estimating forest C stocks and fluxes, which also varies widely across species and biomes. However, coarse approximations of woody tissue C (e.g., 50%) remain commonplace in forest C estimation and reporting protocols, despite leading to substantial errors in forest C estimates. Here, we describe the Global Woody Tissue Carbon Concentration Database (GLOWCAD): a database containing 3,676 individual records of woody tissue C concentrations from 864 tree species. Woody tissue C concentration data—i.e., the mass of C per unit dry mass—were obtained from live and dead woody tissues from 130 peer-reviewed sources published between 1980–2020. Auxiliary data for each observation include tissue type, as well as decay class and size characteristics for dead wood. In GLOWCAD, 1,242 data points are associated with geographic coordinates, and are therefore presented alongside 46 standardized bioclimatic variables extracted from climate databases. GLOWCAD represents the largest available woody tissue C concentration database, and informs studies on forest C estimation, as well as analyses evaluating the extent, causes, and consequences of inter- and intraspecific variation in wood chemical traits. Measurement(s) | wood carbon concentrations | Technology Type(s) | elemental analyzer | Factor Type(s) | species | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Plant | Sample Characteristic - Environment | terrestrial biome | Sample Characteristic - Location | Globe |
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