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Shu F, Wang D, Sarsaiya S, Jin L, Liu K, Zhao M, Wang X, Yao Z, Chen G, Chen J. Bulbil initiation: a comprehensive review on resources, development, and utilisation, with emphasis on molecular mechanisms, advanced technologies, and future prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1343222. [PMID: 38650701 PMCID: PMC11033377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1343222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Bulbil is an important asexual reproductive structure of bulbil plants. It mainly grows in leaf axils, leaf forks, tubers and the upper and near ground ends of flower stems of plants. They play a significant role in the reproduction of numerous herbaceous plant species by serving as agents of plant propagation, energy reserves, and survival mechanisms in adverse environmental conditions. Despite extensive research on bulbil-plants regarding their resources, development mechanisms, and utilisation, a comprehensive review of bulbil is lacking, hindering progress in exploiting bulbil resources. This paper provides a systematic overview of bulbil research, including bulbil-plant resources, identification of development stages and maturity of bulbils, cellular and molecular mechanisms of bulbil development, factors influencing bulbil development, gene research related to bulbil development, multi-bulbil phenomenon and its significance, medicinal value of bulbils, breeding value of bulbils, and the application of plant tissue culture technology in bulbil production. The application value of the Temporary Immersion Bioreactor System (TIBS) and Terahertz (THz) in bulbil breeding is also discussed, offering a comprehensive blueprint for further bulbil resource development. Additionally, additive, seven areas that require attention are proposed: (1) Utilization of modern network technologies, such as plant recognition apps or websites, to collect and identify bulbous plant resources efficiently and extensively; (2) Further research on cell and tissue structures that influence bulb cell development; (3) Investigation of the network regulatory relationship between genes, proteins, metabolites, and epigenetics in bulbil development; (4) Exploration of the potential utilization value of multiple sprouts, including medicinal, ecological, and horticultural applications; (5) Innovation and optimization of the plant tissue culture system for bulbils; (6) Comprehensive application research of TIBS for large-scale expansion of bulbil production; (7) To find out the common share genetics between bulbils and flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Leilei Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Bozhou Xinghe Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Bozhou, Anhui, China
- Joint Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine of Anhui of Institution of Health and Medicine, Bozhou, Anhui Provence, China
| | - Mengru Zhao
- Bozhou Xinghe Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Bozhou, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaoxu Yao
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Guoguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wang D, Zheng J, Sarsaiya S, Jin L, Chen J. Unveiling terahertz wave stress effects and mechanisms in Pinellia ternata: Challenges, insights, and future directions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14195. [PMID: 38332400 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to elucidate the intricate effects and mechanisms of terahertz (THz) wave stress on Pinellia ternata, providing valuable insights into plant responses. The primary objective is to highlight the imperative for future research dedicated to comprehending THz wave impacts across plant structures, with a specific focus on the molecular intricacies governing root system structure and function, from shoots to roots. Notably, this review highlights the accelerated plant growth induced by THz waves, especially in conjunction with other environmental stressors, and the subsequent alterations in cellular homeostasis, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in brassinosteroids. Brassinosteroids are explored for their dual role as toxic by-products of stress metabolism and vital signal transduction molecules in plant responses to abiotic stresses. The paper further investigates the spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of phytohormones, including growth hormone, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA), which significantly influence the growth and development of P. ternata under THz wave stress. With a comprehensive review of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Brassinosteroid Insensitive (BRI) homeostasis and signalling under THz wave stress, the article elucidates the current understanding of BRI involvement in stress perception, stress signalling, and domestication response regulation. Additionally, it underscores the importance of spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of key plant hormones, such as growth hormone, cytokinin, and ABA, in determining root growth and development under THz wave stress. The study of how plants perceive and respond to environmental stresses holds fundamental biological significance, and enhancing plant stress tolerance is crucial for promoting sustainable agricultural practices and mitigating the environmental burdens associated with low-tolerance crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiatong Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Leilei Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Yin C, Tang D, Liu X, Li Z, Xiang Y, Gao K, Li H, Yuan L, Huang B, Li J. Transcriptome analysis reveals important regulatory genes and pathways for tuber color variation in Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1313-1325. [PMID: 36918417 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01845-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During the growth of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. (P. ternata), the violet-red skin was occasionally produced spontaneously under natural cultivation. However, the specific mechanism leading to the color change is still unclear. This study performed transcriptomes in violet-red and pale-yellow skin and their peeled tubers of P. ternata, and the total flavonoids and anthocyanin contents were also determined. The results showed that the majority of genes involved in anthocyanin production were considerably increased in the violet-red skin of P. ternata tuber compared to the pale-yellow skin. Especially, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) showed a remarkable increase in gene expression levels. Notably, shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT), naringenin 3-dioxygenase (F3H), flavanone 4-reductase (DFR), and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) were explicitly expressed in violet-red skin of P. ternata tuber, while undetectable in pale-yellow skin. The upregulation of these genes may explain the accumulation of anthocyanins, which forms the violet-red skin of P. ternata tuber. The transcription factors, including C2H2, bZIP, ERF, GATA, bHLH, C3H, NAC, MYB-related, and MYB families, might trigger the skin color change in P. ternata. The entire anthocyanin content in the violet-red skin of P. ternata tuber was 71.10 μg/g, and pale-yellow skin was 7.74 μg/g. According to phenotypic and transcriptome results, the elevated expression levels of genes linked to the synthesis of anthocyanins considerably contributed to the violet-red skin alterations in P. ternata tuber. This study provides a new understanding of the formation of the violet-red skin, lays a theoretical foundation for the cultivation of unique varieties of P. ternata, and provides transcriptome data for further study of the differences between different colors of P. ternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Yin
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Ding Tang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Yulin Xiang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Kaiming Gao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Heyu Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
- Tianjin Ubasio Technology Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Bisheng Huang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Juan Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang-Jia-Hu West Road 16#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
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Guo C, Chen Y, Wang M, Du Y, Wu D, Chu J, Yao X. Exogenous brassinolide improves the antioxidant capacity of Pinellia ternata by enhancing the enzymatic and nonenzymatic defense systems under non-stress conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:917301. [PMID: 35958199 PMCID: PMC9358693 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.917301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassinolide (BR) improves the antioxidant capacity of plants under various abiotic stresses. However, it is not clear about the effect of BR on the antioxidant capacity in plants under non-stress conditions. In the present study, the antioxidant defense response of Pinellia ternata was to be assessed by applying BR and propiconazole (Pcz) under non-stress conditions. BR treatment enhanced the flavonoid content, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity by 12.31, 30.62, and 25.08% and led to an increase in 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity by 4.31% and a decrease in malondialdehyde content by 1.04%. Exogenous application of BR improved the expression levels of PAL, CHS, CHI, and DFR genes by 3. 18-, 3. 39-, 2. 21-, and 0.87-fold in flavonoid biosynthesis, PGI, PMI, and GME genes by 6. 60-, 1437. 79-, and 3.11-fold in ascorbic acid (ASA), biosynthesis, and γECs and GSHS genes by 6.08- and 2.61-fold in glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis pathway, and the expression of these genes were inhibited by Pcz treatment. In addition, BR treatment promoted the ASA-GSH cycle by enhancing the expression of APX, DHAR, and MDHAR genes, which were enhanced by 3. 33-, 157. 85-, and 154.91-fold, respectively. These results provided novel insights into the effect of BR on the antioxidant capacity in bulbil of P. ternata under non-stress conditions and useful knowledge of applying BR to enhance the antioxidant capacity of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yu Du
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Dengyun Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jianzhou Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
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