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Zsigo C, Greimel E, Primbs R, Bartling J, Schulte-Körne G, Feldmann L. Frontal alpha asymmetry during emotion regulation in adults with lifetime major depression. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:552-566. [PMID: 38302819 PMCID: PMC11078823 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Emotion regulation (ER) often is impaired in current or remitted major depression (MD), although the extent of the deficits is not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) could be a promising electrophysiological measure to investigate ER. The purpose of this study was to investigate ER differences between participants with lifetime major depression (lifetime MD) and healthy controls (HC) for the first time in an experimental task by using FAA. We compared lifetime MD (n = 34) and HC (n = 25) participants aged 18-24 years in (a) an active ER condition, in which participants were instructed to reappraise negative images and (b) a condition in which they attended to the images while an EEG was recorded. We also report FAA results from an independent sample of adolescents with current MD (n = 36) and HC adolescents (n = 38). In the main sample, both groups were able to decrease self-reported negative affect in response to negative images through ER, without significant group differences. We found no differences between groups or conditions in FAA, which was replicated within the independent adolescent sample. The lifetime MD group also reported less adaptive ER in daily life and higher difficulty of ER during the task. The lack of differences between in self-reported affect and FAA between lifetime MD and HC groups in the active ER task indicates that lifetime MD participants show no impairments when instructed to apply an adaptive ER strategy. Implications for interventional aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Zsigo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Regine Primbs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bartling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Feldmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Kosonogov V, Ntoumanis I, Hajiyeva G, Jääskeläinen I. The role of engagement and arousal in emotion regulation: an EEG study. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:179-193. [PMID: 37994917 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression are well-studied strategies of emotion regulation (ER). However, the results on their physiological basis are controversial. While in some studies, ER was accompanied by the inhibition of the nervous system, others suggested that ER even might increase arousal and engagement. We calculated the inter-subject correlation (ISC) and indices of engagement, valence and arousal of EEG during suppression, reappraisal, or natural watching of neutral and negative videos. First, both suppression and reappraisal provoked a higher ISC in comparison with watching negative or neutral videos. We consider this as a marker of engagement to the task and feedback processing required for ER. Second, the engagement index was lower during ER compared to watching negative videos in central electrodes, whereas both strategies provoked a higher engagement in frontal electrodes. Third, the arousal index of EEG was higher during all negative conditions; therefore, regulation required a certain level of arousal. In summary, different EEG measures seem to be sensitive to different aspects of ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kosonogov
- International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Krivokolenny 3, Moscow, Russia, 101000.
| | - Ioannis Ntoumanis
- International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Krivokolenny 3, Moscow, Russia, 101000
| | - Gullu Hajiyeva
- International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Krivokolenny 3, Moscow, Russia, 101000
| | - Iiro Jääskeläinen
- International Laboratory of Social Neurobiology, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, Krivokolenny 3, Moscow, Russia, 101000
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Abram SV, Weittenhiller LP, Bertrand CE, McQuaid JR, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Fryer SL. Psychological Dimensions Relevant to Motivation and Pleasure in Schizophrenia. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:827260. [PMID: 35401135 PMCID: PMC8985863 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.827260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation and pleasure deficits are common in schizophrenia, strongly linked with poorer functioning, and may reflect underlying alterations in brain functions governing reward processing and goal pursuit. While there is extensive research examining cognitive and reward mechanisms related to these deficits in schizophrenia, less attention has been paid to psychological characteristics that contribute to resilience against, or risk for, motivation and pleasure impairment. For example, psychological tendencies involving positive future expectancies (e.g., optimism) and effective affect management (e.g., reappraisal, mindfulness) are associated with aspects of reward anticipation and evaluation that optimally guide goal-directed behavior. Conversely, maladaptive thinking patterns (e.g., defeatist performance beliefs, asocial beliefs) and tendencies that amplify negative cognitions (e.g., rumination), may divert cognitive resources away from goal pursuit or reduce willingness to exert effort. Additionally, aspects of sociality, including the propensity to experience social connection as positive reinforcement may be particularly relevant for pursuing social goals. In the current review, we discuss the roles of several psychological characteristics with respect to motivation and pleasure in schizophrenia. We argue that individual variation in these psychological dimensions is relevant to the study of motivation and reward processing in schizophrenia, including interactions between these psychological dimensions and more well-characterized cognitive and reward processing contributors to motivation. We close by emphasizing the value of considering a broad set of modulating factors when studying motivation and pleasure functions in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha V. Abram
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Claire E. Bertrand
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - John R. McQuaid
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Judith M. Ford
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Susanna L. Fryer
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Cao D, Qian Z, Tang Y, Wang J, Jiang T, Li Y. Neural indicator of positive reappraisal: A TMS-EEG study over the left VLPFC. J Affect Disord 2022; 300:418-429. [PMID: 34986377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive reappraisal aims to reinterpret negative situations in a more positive light. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) during positive reappraisal was suggested to improve emotion regulation capacity. However, it remains unclear whether the improvement of the capacity of emotion regulation was caused by the alterations of neural activity with TMS perturbation over the left VLPFC during positive reappraisal. METHODS Single-pulse TMS was delivered among fifteen participants who engaged in positive reappraisal experiments with concurrent electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. Participants repeated positive reappraisal experiments at three different stimulation settings: no stimulation, TMS pulses over the left VLPFC at 300 ms post-stimulus as the targeted stimulation and over the vertex as the control stimulation. RESULTS TMS pulses over the left VLPFC at 300 ms post-stimuli increased late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes (300-800 ms) within the central-parietal and right prefrontal regions in response to the reappraisal stimuli compared with the negative stimuli. Moreover, changes in neural activity within the frontoparietal network contributed to the modulated LPP amplitudes of the reappraisal stimuli with the targeted stimulation. Importantly, the central-parietal LPP amplitudes of the reappraisal stimuli with the targeted stimulation was not only correlated with but also could predict the valence ratings using positive reappraisal. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a causal role of the left VLPFC in positive reappraisal, and provided a neural indicator to indicate the degree to which single-pulse TMS modulated the emotional experience using positive reappraisal. It shows promise to apply in future closed-loop neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Zhenying Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tianzi Jiang
- Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Yingjie Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; College of International education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Xiao S, Li Y, Liu M, Li Y. Electrophysiological Evidence of Impaired Cognitive Reappraisal in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: An Event-related Potential Study. Behav Brain Res 2022; 427:113800. [PMID: 35202720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion dysregulation symptoms are associated with higher conversion rates from MCI to dementia. Thus, understanding the neural mechanism underlying emotion regulation in people with MCI could provide useful information in early detection and intervention of MCI. This study investigated cognitive reappraisal, an emotion regulation strategy, in people with MCI using event-related potentials analysis. METHODS Late positive potential (LPP) was measured in 46 amnestic MCI subjects and 47 healthy elderly controls (HECs) as they viewed neutral and unpleasant images. All participants viewed a brief description of the upcoming image; neutral images were neutrally described (the Neut condition), and negative images were preceded with either more neutral/positive (the Rea condition) or more negative (the Neg condition) interpretations. RESULTS MCI subjects reduced their emotional intensity to a smaller extent than HEC subjects. For MCI subjects, the decreased level of emotional intensity was positively correlated with function in the verbal and executive domains. The reduced intensity (Rea - Neg) was also inversely correlated with the LPP difference (Rea - Neg) 3,600-5,000 ms after stimulus onset. Compared with HEC subjects, MCI subjects showed hypoactivation in the cuneus in the N2 time range (240-310 ms) and in the inferior parietal lobule and supramarginal gyrus in the 3,600-5,000 ms range. CONCLUSION These results suggest that MCI subjects failed to maintain the reappraisal of negative stimuli in the late time window, which contributed to a smaller success with reappraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Xiao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- College of International education, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Liu J, Yang T, Zhou L, Gong J, He Y, Cui X, Luo X, Wu J. Association between schizotypal personality traits and emotional instability: mediation and moderation analysis among Chinese college students. J Affect Disord 2021; 291:83-92. [PMID: 34023751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies identified an association between schizophrenia and emotional instability. However, the relationship between schizotypal personality traits and emotional instability has not been explored to date. Furthermore, both mediating and moderating factors need to be identified. METHODS A total of 2936 students completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Affective Lability Scale-Short Form (ALS-SF), and the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS). RESULTS 1) The total scores of DACOBS (and all dimensions) and ALS-SF (and all dimensions) in the high schizotypal personality trait group were higher than in the low schizotypal personality trait group (all P < 0.05). 2) SPQ score and DACOBS social cognition problems, subjective cognitive problems, jumping to conclusions bias, and external attribution bias subscale scores positively predicted the total score of ALS-SF (or the dimensions of ALS-SF) in both male and female populations (all P < 0.05). 3) In the male population, DACOBS social cognition problems, subjective cognitive problems, jumping to conclusions bias, and external attribution bias subscale scores mediated the relationship between SPQ score and ALS-SF total score (or its subscales). In the female population, DACOBS attention for threat bias, external attribution bias, jumping to conclusions bias, social cognition problems, and subjective cognitive problems subscale scores mediated the relationship between SPQ score and ALS-SF total score (or its subscales). 4) Gender exerted a moderating effect on this relationship between SPQ score and ALS-SF total/anxiety-depression score (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Schizotypal personality traits might influence emotional instability through cognitive biases, and the degree of this influence varies depending on gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Liu
- Department of Child Psychiatry of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Shenzhen University, Mental Health School, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Tingyu Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- College of Education Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
| | - Jingbo Gong
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 41000, China
| | - Yuqiong He
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xilong Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xuerong Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Junduan Wu
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, China.
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Duville MM, Alonso-Valerdi LM, Ibarra-Zarate DI. Electroencephalographic Correlate of Mexican Spanish Emotional Speech Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder: To a Social Story and Robot-Based Intervention. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:626146. [PMID: 33716696 PMCID: PMC7952538 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.626146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Socio-emotional impairments are key symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders. This work proposes to analyze the neuronal activity related to the discrimination of emotional prosodies in autistic children (aged 9 to 11-year-old) as follows. Firstly, a database for single words uttered in Mexican Spanish by males, females, and children will be created. Then, optimal acoustic features for emotion characterization will be extracted, followed of a cubic kernel function Support Vector Machine (SVM) in order to validate the speech corpus. As a result, human-specific acoustic properties of emotional voice signals will be identified. Secondly, those identified acoustic properties will be modified to synthesize the recorded human emotional voices. Thirdly, both human and synthesized utterances will be used to study the electroencephalographic correlate of affective prosody processing in typically developed and autistic children. Finally, and on the basis of the outcomes, synthesized voice-enhanced environments will be created to develop an intervention based on social-robot and Social StoryTM for autistic children to improve affective prosodies discrimination. This protocol has been registered at BioMed Central under the following number: ISRCTN18117434.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Marie Duville
- Neuroengineering and Neuroacoustics Research Group, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Luz Maria Alonso-Valerdi
- Neuroengineering and Neuroacoustics Research Group, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - David I Ibarra-Zarate
- Neuroengineering and Neuroacoustics Research Group, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Monterrey, Mexico
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Burgkart PL, Vuzic X, Fuchshuber J, Unterrainer HF. Attachment Styles, Personality Organization, and Substance Use as Predictors of Emotion Regulation Strategies "Suppression" and "Reappraisal" in Young Adults. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:786045. [PMID: 35126201 PMCID: PMC8814417 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.786045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As evidenced by current literature, there is a crucial link between emotion regulation, attachment, personality patterns, and substance abuse. However, knowledge regarding the exact interactions of these specific parameters in terms of substance abuse development is still sparse. Therefore, this study is aimed to shed light on how two specific emotion regulation strategies ("Reappraisal" and "Suppression") might be influenced by the relationship between attachment, structural deficits in personality organization, and addictive behaviors. METHOD A total sample of 299 non-clinical young adults (Age: M = 22; SD = 3.81; 74.2% females) filled in the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) together with the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS), the Personality Organization Inventory (IPO-16), and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening (ASSIST) by means of an online survey. RESULTS As suggested by hierarchical regression analysis, attachment specifically predicted differences in Emotion Regulation (ER), whereby the AAS subscales "Close" ness (β = -0.38, p < 0.01) and "Depend" ence (β = -0.18, p < 0.01) were negatively associated with increased use of maladaptive strategies of expressional suppression of emotion, and "Depend" (β = 0.26, p < 0.01) was positively associated with increased use of adaptive strategies of cognitive reappraisal. DISCUSSION In line with our assumptions, we observed a more secure attachment system to be predictive for an increased use of adequate emotion regulation strategies. The findings support the suggestion that a focus on underlying attachment-related processes in a psychotherapeutic setting might be a promising way to promote adaptive self-regulation of emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xenia Vuzic
- Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jürgen Fuchshuber
- Center for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Human-Friedrich Unterrainer
- Center for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Religious Studies, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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