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Ghali ENHK, Sandopu SK, Maurya DK, Meriga B. Insights into the radioprotective efficacy of Pterocarpus santalinus L. aqueous extract. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:105986. [PMID: 38703914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we have attempted a comprehensive assessment of the possible radioprotective efficacy of Pterocarpus santalinus aqueous extract (PSAE). All the studied models were gamma-irradiated with prior treatment with PSAE. First, the content of total phenols (4.061 μg/mg gallic acid equivalents), flavonoids (6.616 μg/mg quercetin equivalents), and tannins (0.008 mg/L of PSAE) were determined spectrophotometrically. Second, UHPLC-HRMS analysis was performed to identify the possible radioprotectors. Of those, santalins A & B are known for their usage as natural color in foods and alcoholic beverages identified in PSAE. Treatment was well tolerated with no side effects from PSAE. Later, it was shown that radiation-induced lethality significantly amended in PSAE-treated spleen lymphocytes as evidenced by reduced elevated levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation, restored total thiols and GSH: GSSG, inhibited DNA DSBs and cell death. Furthermore, an immunomodulation study was carried out because radiation exposure induces an inflammatory response. Our study shows that PSAE suppressed concanavalin A-induced T-cell proliferation as evidenced by CFSE dye dilution and CD69 antibody staining methods. Taken together, the current study explored the protective efficacy of PSAE from gamma radiation-inflicted injuries and hence we recommend PSAE as a potent radioprotective formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Hanuma Kumar Ghali
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Medicine and Oncology ISU, South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen 78504, TX, USA
| | | | - Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | - Balaji Meriga
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India.
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Chociej P, Foss K, Jabłońska M, Ustarbowska M, Sawicki T. The Profile and Content of Polyphenolic Compounds and Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Properties of Root Extracts of Selected Medicinal Herbs. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:468-473. [PMID: 38668914 PMCID: PMC11178571 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to analyse the extracts from six medicinal herb roots (marshmallow, dandelion, liquorice, angelica, burdock, and comfrey) in terms of antioxidant capacity (ABTS, DPPH) and inhibition of advanced glycation end product (AGEs) formation. The quantification of phenolic acids and flavonoids was analysed using the UHPLC-DAD-MS method. Fifteen polyphenolic compounds were detected in the studied herbs. The higher number of polyphenols were found in marshmallows (ten polyphenols), while the lowest was in comfrey (five compounds). Liquorice root revealed the highest individual phenolic concentration (382 µg/g dm) with the higher contribution of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. Comfrey root extract was characterised by the most abundant TPC (Total Phenolic Content) value (29.79 mg GAE/ g dm). Burdock and comfrey showed the strongest anti-AGE activity studies with the BDA-GLU model. Burdock root was also characterised by the highest anti-AGE activity in the BSA-MGO model. The highest antioxidant capacity was determined by ABTS (72.12 µmol TE/g dw) and DPPH (143.01 µmol TE/g dw) assays for comfrey extract. The p-coumaric acid content was significantly correlated with anti-AGE activity determined by the BSA-MGO model. This research sheds new light on the bioactivity of root herbs, explaining the role of p-coumaric acid in preventing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Chociej
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Kamil Foss
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland
| | - Monika Jabłońska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland.
| | | | - Tomasz Sawicki
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F, Olsztyn, 10-719, Poland.
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Larrañaga-Tapia M, Betancourt-Tovar B, Videa M, Antunes-Ricardo M, Cholula-Díaz JL. Green synthesis trends and potential applications of bimetallic nanoparticles towards the sustainable development goals 2030. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:51-71. [PMID: 38125589 PMCID: PMC10729871 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00761h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The world faces threats that the United Nations has classified into 17 categories with different objectives as solutions for each challenge that are enclosed in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These actions involved the widespread use of science and technology as pathways to ensure their implementation. In this regard, sustainability science seeks the research community's contribution to addressing sustainable development challenges. Specifically, nanotechnology has been recognized as a key tool to provide disruptive and effective strategies to reach the SDGs. This review proposes the application of bimetallic nanoparticle substances capable of providing possible solutions to achieve target SDG 3: good health and well-being, SDG 6: clean water and sanitation, and SDG 12: responsible consumption and production. Furthermore, the term green nanotechnology is introduced in each section to exemplify how green synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles have been used to resolve each target SDG. This review also outlines the current scenario regarding the utilization of metallic nanomaterials in the market, together with the upscaling challenges and the lack of understanding of the long-term effects and hazards to the environment regarding bimetallic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Larrañaga-Tapia
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnologico Monterrey 64849 NL Mexico
| | - Benjamín Betancourt-Tovar
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnologico Monterrey 64849 NL Mexico
| | - Marcelo Videa
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnologico Monterrey 64849 NL Mexico
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnologico Monterrey 64849 NL Mexico
- Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnologico Monterrey 64849 NL Mexico
| | - Jorge L Cholula-Díaz
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Tecnologico Monterrey 64849 NL Mexico
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4
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Cerrato A, Biancolillo A, Cannazza G, Cavaliere C, Citti C, Laganà A, Marini F, Montanari M, Montone CM, Paris R, Virzì N, Capriotti AL. Untargeted cannabinomics reveals the chemical differentiation of industrial hemp based on the cultivar and the geographical field location. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341716. [PMID: 37709459 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis sativa has long been harvested for industrial applications related to its fibers. Industrial hemp cultivars, a botanical class of Cannabis sativa with a low expression of intoxicating Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) have been selected for these purposes and scarcely investigated in terms of their content in bioactive compounds. Following the global relaxation in the market of industrial hemp-derived products, research in industrial hemp for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical purposes has surged. In this context, metabolomics-based approaches have proven to fulfill the aim of obtaining comprehensive information on the phytocompound profile of cannabis samples, going beyond the targeted evaluation of the major phytocannabinoids. In the present paper, an HRMS-based metabolomics study was addressed to seven distinct industrial hemp cultivars grown in four experimental fields in Northern, Southern, and Insular Italy. Since the role of minor phytocannabinoids as well as other phytocompounds was found to be critical in discriminating cannabis chemovars and in determining its biological activities, a comprehensive characterization of phytocannabinoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids was carried out by LC-HRMS and a dedicated data processing workflow following the guidelines of the metabolomics Quality Assurance and Quality Control Consortium. A total of 54 phytocannabinoids, 134 flavonoids, and 77 phenolic acids were annotated, and their role in distinguishing hemp samples based on the geographical field location and cultivar was evaluated by ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis. Finally, a low-level fused model demonstrated the key role of untargeted cannabinomics extended to lesser-studied phytocompound classes for the discrimination of hemp samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Biancolillo
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, L'Aquila, Coppito, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy; CNR NANOTEC, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Citti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy; CNR NANOTEC, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Montanari
- CREA-Research Center for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Via di Corticella 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Paris
- CREA-Research Center for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Via di Corticella 133, 40128, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nino Virzì
- CREA-Research Center for Cereal and Industrial Crops, C.so Savoia 190, 95024, Acireale, CT, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Vargas-Madriz ÁF, Luzardo-Ocampo I, Chávez-Servín JL, Moreno-Celis U, Roldán-Padrón O, Vargas-Madriz H, Vergara-Castañeda HA, Kuri-García A. Comparison of Phenolic Compounds and Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass ( Asteraceae) from Different Geographical Areas of Queretaro (Mexico). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3569. [PMID: 37896032 PMCID: PMC10609970 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Porophyllum ruderale (P. ruderale) is a well-known Mexican plant from the group of "Quelites", widely consumed plant species used for several food and medicinal purposes. As the production is very heterogeneous and the diverse agroclimatic conditions significantly impact the plant's phytochemical composition, this research aimed to compare the phenolic compound composition and the antioxidant capacity of the P. ruderale plant from three different collection sites (Queretaro, Landa de Matamoros, and Arroyo Seco) in the State of Queretaro (Mexico). Plants collected from Queretaro displayed the lowest total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and condensed tannins, reflected in a lower antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS), compared to the other collection places. Flavones (epicatechin and epigallocatechin gallate) were the most abundant (36.1-195.2 μg equivalents/g) phenolics quantified by HPLC-DAD, while 31 compounds were identified by UHPLC-DAD-QToF/MS-ESI. Most compounds were linked to biological mechanisms related to the antioxidant properties of the leaves. A PCA analysis clustered Landa de Matamoros and Arroyo Seco into two groups based on flavones, hydroxybenzoic acids, the antioxidant capacity (ABTS and DPPH), and total phenolic compounds, the main contributors to its variation. The results indicated contrasting differences in the polyphenolic composition of collected P. ruderale in Queretaro, suggesting the need to standardize and select plants with favorable agroclimatic conditions to obtain desirable polyphenolic compositions while displaying potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Félix Vargas-Madriz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Qro 76230, Mexico; (Á.F.V.-M.); (J.L.C.-S.); (U.M.-C.); (O.R.-P.)
| | - Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64841, Mexico;
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Guadalajara, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan 45201, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Chávez-Servín
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Qro 76230, Mexico; (Á.F.V.-M.); (J.L.C.-S.); (U.M.-C.); (O.R.-P.)
| | - Ulisses Moreno-Celis
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Qro 76230, Mexico; (Á.F.V.-M.); (J.L.C.-S.); (U.M.-C.); (O.R.-P.)
| | - Octavio Roldán-Padrón
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Qro 76230, Mexico; (Á.F.V.-M.); (J.L.C.-S.); (U.M.-C.); (O.R.-P.)
| | - Haidel Vargas-Madriz
- Department of Agricultural Production, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, University of Guadalajara, Av. Independencia Nacional, No. 151, Autlán 48900, Mexico;
| | | | - Aarón Kuri-García
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro, Qro 76230, Mexico; (Á.F.V.-M.); (J.L.C.-S.); (U.M.-C.); (O.R.-P.)
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Muzenda T, Shoko R, Chimwanda P, Ndlovu J. Elemental analysis of Fadogia ancylantha leaves used as a nutraceutical in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220695. [PMID: 37791061 PMCID: PMC10543704 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the concentrations of the essential elements to the human body N, K, Mg, P, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Zn of the fermented and non-fermented Fadogia ancylantha leaf samples were analysed to assess their nutritional value in two different areas in Zimbabwe: Mhangura (Mashonaland West, Province) and Alaska (Mashonaland West Province). Atomic absorption spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectrophotometry techniques were used to measure the concentrations of the minerals. The concentrations of manganese were significantly high (p < 0.05) in non-fermented treatments, with Mhangura samples having 0.447 mg/g and Alaska samples having 0.453 mg/g. Iron was high in fermented samples with Mhangura samples having 0.245 mg/g and Alaska samples having 0.270 mg/g. The concentrations of manganese and iron in Fadogia ancylantha can be used to supplement the recommended daily doses in pregnant, menstruating, and lactating women. The study, therefore, recommends that Fadogia ancylantha be used as a nutraceutical for the supplementation of iron and manganese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Muzenda
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
| | - Ryman Shoko
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
| | - Peter Chimwanda
- Department of Mathematics, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
| | - Joice Ndlovu
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
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Jacobs PJ, Hart DW, Merchant HN, Voigt C, Bennett NC. The Evolution and Ecology of Oxidative and Antioxidant Status: A Comparative Approach in African Mole-Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1486. [PMID: 37627481 PMCID: PMC10451868 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat of the family Bathyergidae has been the showpiece for ageing research as they contradict the traditional understanding of the oxidative stress theory of ageing. Some other bathyergids also possess increased lifespans, but there has been a remarkable lack of comparison between species within the family Bathyergidae. This study set out to investigate how plasma oxidative markers (total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the oxidative stress index (OSI)) differ between five species and three subspecies of bathyergids, differing in their maximum lifespan potential (MLSP), resting metabolic rate, aridity index (AI), and sociality. We also investigated how oxidative markers may differ between captive and wild-caught mole-rats. Our results reveal that increased TOS, TAC, and OSI are associated with increased MLSP. This pattern is more prevalent in the social-living species than the solitary-living species. We also found that oxidative variables decreased with an increasing AI and that wild-caught individuals typically have higher antioxidants. We speculate that the correlation between higher oxidative markers and MLSP is due to the hypoxia-tolerance of the mole-rats investigated. Hormesis (the biphasic response to oxidative stress promoting protection) is a likely mechanism behind the increased oxidative markers observed and promotes longevity in some members of the Bathyergidae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul. J. Jacobs
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Daniel W. Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Hana N. Merchant
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK;
| | - Cornelia Voigt
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.V.); (N.C.B.)
| | - Nigel C. Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.V.); (N.C.B.)
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Srivastava RP, Kumar S, Singh L, Madhukar M, Singh N, Saxena G, Pandey S, Singh A, Devkota HP, Verma PC, Shiva S, Malik S, Rustagi S. Major phenolic compounds, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of Selinum carvifolia (L.) collected from different altitudes in India. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1180225. [PMID: 37521418 PMCID: PMC10382142 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1180225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to public health, raising the number of diseases in the community. Recent research has shown that plant-derived phenolic compounds have strong antimicrobial, antifungal, and cytotoxic properties against a variety of microorganisms and work as great antioxidants in such treatments. The goal of the current work is to evaluate the anticancerous, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities in the extracts of the different plant parts (leaves, stems, and roots) of S. carvifolia (L.) L. This is a medicinally important plant and has been used for different kinds of diseases and ailments such as hysteria and seizures. The phenolic compounds from the different plant parts were analyzed using HPLC and the following were found to be present: chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, rutin, syringic acid, vanillic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid. Gallic acid was found to have the highest concentration (13.93 mg/g), while chlorogenic acid (0.25 mg/g) had the lowest. The maximum TPC value, which ranged from 33.79 to 57.95 mg GAE/g dry extract weight, was found in the stem. Root extract with 9.4 mg RE/g had the greatest TFC level. In the leaf and stem extracts, the RSC ranged from 0.747 mg/mL to 0.734 mg/1 mL GE/g dry extract weight, respectively. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to measure in vitro antioxidant activity. In a concentration-dependent way, promising antioxidant activity was reported. Moreover, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and the Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent technique were used to determine reducing sugar content and total phenolic content, respectively. Antibacterial activity against eight strains (MIC: 250-1,000 μg/mL) was analyzed, and the stem extract exhibited maximum activity. Antifungal activity was also assessed, and potent activity was reported especially in the extract obtained from the stem. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using an MTT assay in the A549 cell line, where different doses (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) of leaf, root, and stem extracts were used. Treatment with these extracts reduced the cell viability, indicating that S. carvifolia may possess anticancer potential, which can be of great therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lav Singh
- Forest Training Institute, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur, India
| | - Mayank Madhukar
- PG Department of Zoology, RD and DJ College, Munger University, Bihar, India
| | - Nitesh Singh
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gauri Saxena
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivaraman Pandey
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arpit Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Praveen C. Verma
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shatrughan Shiva
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Bezerra LFG, Silva APSD, Cunha RXD, Oliveira JRSD, Barros MDD, Silva VMDMAD, Lima VLDM. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Mimosa acutistipula (Mart.) Benth. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115964. [PMID: 36436717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants belonging to the genus Mimosa, such as Mimosa tenuiflora, M. caesalpinifolia, and M. verrucosa are known for their popular use for asthma, bronchitis and fever. Ethnopharmacological studies report that Mimosa acutistipula is used to treat alopecia and pharyngitis, conditions that can be related to oxidative stress, inflammatory processes and painful limitations. However, there is no studies on its efficacy and mechanism of action. AIM OF THE STUDY To elucidate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of M. acutistipula leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical profile of M. acutistipula extracts was evaluated by several reaction-specific methods. Secondary metabolites such as tannins, phenols and flavonoids were quantified with colorimetric assays. In vitro antioxidant potential was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS + as free radical scavenging tests, FRAP and phosphomolybdenum as oxide-reduction assays, and anti-hemolytic for lipid peroxidation evaluation. In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation was performed by paw edema, and peritonitis induced by carrageenan. Analgesic effect and its possible mechanisms were determined by acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and the formalin test. Antipyretic activity was evaluated by yeast-induced fever. RESULTS Cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaves had presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenol, alkaloids, terpenes (except methanolic extract), and saponins (only for methanolic and chloroformic extracts). In phenols, flavonoids and tannins quantification, methanolic and ethyl acetate extract had higher amounts of this phytocompounds. Ethyl acetate extract, due to its more expressive quantity of phenols and flavonoids, was chosen for carrying out the in vivo tests. Due to the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation, antioxidant tests were performed, showing that ethyl acetate extract had a high total antioxidant activity (70.18%), moderate activity in DPPH radical scavenging, and a moderate ABTS + radical inhibition (33.61%), and FRAP assay (112.32 μg Fe2+/g). M. acutistipula showed anti-inflammatory activity, with 54.43% of reduction in paw edema (50 mg/kg) when compared to the vehicle. In peritonitis test, a reduction in the concentration of NO could be seen, which is highly involved in the anti-inflammatory activity and is responsible for the increase in permeability. In the analgesic evaluation, most significant results in writhing test were seen at 100 mg/kg, with a 34.7% reduction of writhing. A dual mechanism of action was confirmed with the formalin test, both neurogenic and inflammatory pain were reduced, with a mechanism via opioid route. In the antipyretic test, results were significantly decreased at all concentrations tested. CONCLUSION M. acutistipula leaves ethyl acetate extract showed expressive concentrations of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. It also exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, besides its antipyretic effect. Thus, these results provide information regarding its popular use and might help future therapeutics involving this specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layza Fernanda Gomes Bezerra
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Sant'Anna da Silva
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Xavier da Cunha
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil
| | - João Ricardhis Saturnino de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil
| | - Mateus Domingues de Barros
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil
| | - Vycttor Mateus de Melo Alves da Silva
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Laboratory of Lipids and Applications of Biomolecules in Prevalent and Neglected Diseases, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Professor Moraes Rego Avenue 1235, Recife, PE, 50670-90, Brazil.
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Molinu MG, Sulas L, Campesi G, Re GA, Sanna F, Piluzza G. Subterranean Clover and Sulla as Valuable and Complementary Sources of Bioactive Compounds for Rainfed Mediterranean Farming Systems. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020417. [PMID: 36679130 PMCID: PMC9860895 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean pasture and forage legumes are important components of sustainable production systems. Subterranean clover and sulla represent key species having proven high agronomic value and traits for production and multiple services. Our research investigated the potential of the abovementioned species as a source of phenolic compounds and antioxidants for contributing to support their full exploitation in the fodder, animal welfare, and nutraceutical sectors. Antioxidant capacity, as well as the content of total phenolic compounds and individual phenolic compounds, was determined in subterranean clover and sulla shoots at the vegetative, flower bud, flowering, and seed ripening phenological stages. The antioxidant capacity and the phenolic content were affected significantly by harvest time. In subterranean clover, 10 individual phenolic compounds were detected, and isoflavones were the most abundant (3.19-18.27 mg·g-1 DM). Eleven phenolic compounds were identified in sulla shoots, and chlorogenic acid (0.76-3.43 mg·g-1 DM) and diosmin (3.64-4.94 mg·g-1 DM) were the most represented compounds at the vegetative and flower bud stage. On the basis of our findings, a complementary utilization of both legume species is suggested; this might ensure the exploitation of all phenolic compounds in view of the potential benefits for animal production and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Molinu
- National Research Council, Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Traversa La Crucca 3, Località Baldinca, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sulas
- National Research Council, Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, Traversa La Crucca 3, Località Baldinca, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-079-2841606
| | - Giuseppe Campesi
- National Research Council, Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, Traversa La Crucca 3, Località Baldinca, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Antonio Re
- National Research Council, Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, Traversa La Crucca 3, Località Baldinca, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Federico Sanna
- National Research Council, Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, Traversa La Crucca 3, Località Baldinca, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Piluzza
- National Research Council, Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment, Traversa La Crucca 3, Località Baldinca, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Boualam K, Bouhaddou N, Sobeh M, Tabyaoui M, Taghzouti K. Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds. aqueous extract attenuates H 2O 2 induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1121029. [PMID: 36968491 PMCID: PMC10035595 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress plays a causal role in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (M. rotundifolia), a widely used Moroccan plant in traditional medicine. Methods The chemical composition of M. rotundifolia aqueous extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) assays were used to assess its in vitro antioxidant activity. H2O2 was utilized to induce oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in vivo. Behavioral changes were evaluated using Open Field, Y-maze and Rotarod tests. Hyperalgesia was assessed using the tail immersion test. Results and discussion The LC-MS/MS analysis revealed high content of kaempferol glucuronide (85%) at the extract. IC50 values of the DPPH and ABTS were 26.47 and 41.21 μg/mL, respectively. Pre-treatments with M. rotundifolia extract attenuated the behavioral changes induced by H2O2. In addition, the latency of tail withdrawal increased significantly in the treated groups suggesting central analgesic effect of M. rotundifolia extract. Moreover, the extract attenuated the deleterious effects of H2O2 and improved all liver biomarkers. The obtained results suggested that M. rotundifolia had remarkable antioxidant and neuroprotective effects and may prevent oxidative stress related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Boualam
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Laboratory LMNE, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Khadija Boualam,
| | - Nezha Bouhaddou
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Khadija Boualam,
| | - Mohamed Tabyaoui
- Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Laboratory LMNE, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Taghzouti
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Ubaydee AHN, Issa R, Hajleh MNA, Ghanim BY, Al-Akayleh F, Qinna NA. The effect of Medicago sativa extract and light on skin hypopigmentation disorders in C57/BL6 mice. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6270-6280. [PMID: 35815838 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a common depigmentation skin disease that affects the quality of life in many patients. AIMS This study aims to investigate the effect of Medicago sativa methanol extract on the treatment of skin hypopigmentation disorders. METHODS Antioxidant activity and phytochemical constituents of the extract were determined using DDPH assay, Folin-Ciocalteu, AlCl3, and HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Oil in water (o/w) creams were prepared to contain the methanolic extract, and applied to hydroquinone-induced depigmentation in vivo model and further challenged in combination with UVA light exposure. Skin and hair colors were visually scored and evaluated at different time intervals, and histopathological examinations of skin layers and hair follicles were performed. RESULTS A total phenolic content of 187.70 mg/g, equivalent to gallic acid, and total flavonoid content of 21.97 mg/g, equivalent to quercetin, were recorded. Extract showed 71% antioxidant activity. Moreover, the HPLC-MS/MS detection revealed the presence of 18 compounds including P-coumaric acid and antioxidants flavonoids, of those are seven compounds not previously detected in this species. The in vivo study showed a remarkable skin and hair pigmentation effect on plant extract-treated groups, compared to the reference, placebo, and control groups. Histopathological examinations showed the growth of colored hair follicles in the dermis and epidermis layers of the extract-treated mice. CONCLUSION The study suggests the use of M. sativa extract in enhancing the pigmentation process in hypopigmented skin and hair if combined with UVA light. Therefore, M. sativa extract can be considered a potential treatment for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azal Hussein Najm Ubaydee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Reem Issa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maha N Abu Hajleh
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Bayan Y Ghanim
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Faisal Al-Akayleh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nidal A Qinna
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
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Sekhavatizadeh SS, Banisaeed K, Hasanzadeh M, Khalatbari-Limaki S, Amininezhad H. Physicochemical properties of kashk supplemented with encapsulated lemongrass extract. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2023-1-560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Kashk is a perishable fermented dairy product. Since chemical preservatives are harmful for human health, we aimed to study lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) as a natural preservative.
First, we assessed the phytochemical properties of lemongrass extract. Then, we added lemongrass extract and microencapsulated lemongrass extract to kashk samples. Finally, we analyzed their physicochemical and sensorial properties during 60 days of storage.
Catechin (419.04 ± 0.07 mg/L), gallic acid (319.67 ± 0.03 mg/L), and chloregenic acid (4.190 ± 0.002 mg/L) were found to be the predominant phenolic constituents in lemongrass. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (IC50) values of the lemongrass extract were 26.73 mg GA/g, 8.06 mg Quercetin/g, and 2751.331 mg/L, respectively. The beads were spherical in shape with a 35.03-nm average particle diameter and 47.81% microencapsulation efficiency. The pH of the supplemented kashks decreased during the storage time. They showed lower acid degree values than the control at the end of storage. The peroxide, p-anisidine, and thiobarbituric acid values of the sample fortified with microencapsulated lemongrass extract were 6.15, 4.76, and 44.12%, respectively, being the lowest among the samples. This kashk sample had the highest hardness (570.62 ± 21.87 g), adhesiveness (18.10 ± 4.36 mJ), and cohesiveness (0.56 ± 0.25) but the lowest chewiness (72.66 ± 3.08 mJ) among the samples. It also had a better sensory profile than the control samples.
Our results indicated that microencapsulated lemongrass extract could be incorporated into kashk to ensure suitable sensorial and textural properties. Furthermore, it may delay fat oxidation and lipolysis during storage.
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Richane A, Rim BM, wided M, Riadh K, Khaoula A, Nizar M, Hanen BI. Variability of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of ten Ceratonia siliqua L. provenances. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Iqbal Y, Ponnampalam EN, Cottrell JJ, Suleria HA, Dunshea FR. Extraction and characterization of polyphenols from non-conventional edible plants and their antioxidant activities. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Variability in the Beneficial Effects of Phenolic Compounds: A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091925. [PMID: 35565892 PMCID: PMC9101290 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
When analysing the beneficial effects of phenolic compounds, several factors that exert a clear influence should be taken into account. The content of phenolic compounds in foods is highly variable, directly affecting individual dietary intake. Once ingested, these compounds have a greater or lesser bioaccessibility, defined as the amount available for absorption in the intestine after digestion, and a certain bioavailability, defined as the proportion of the molecule that is available after digestion, absorption and metabolism. Among the external factors that modify the content of phenolic compounds in food are the variety, the cultivation technique and the climate. Regarding functional foods, it is important to take into account the role of the selected food matrix, such as dairy matrices, liquid or solid matrices. It is also essential to consider the interactions between phenolic compounds as well as the interplay that occurs between these and several other components of the diet (macro- and micronutrients) at absorption, metabolism and mechanism of action levels. Furthermore, there is a great inter-individual variability in terms of phase II metabolism of these compounds, composition of the microbiota, and metabolic state or metabotype to which the subject belongs. All these factors introduce variability in the responses observed after ingestion of foods or nutraceuticals containing phenolic compounds.
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Bibi N, Shah MH, Khan N, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Iqbal A, Ahmad S, Abbasi AM. Variations in Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Contents, and Free Radicals' Scavenging Potential of Onion Varieties Planted under Diverse Environmental Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11070950. [PMID: 35406930 PMCID: PMC9002954 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Genetic diversity and Agro-climatic conditions contribute significantly to the agronomic and morphological features of the food plant species, and their nutraceutical potential. The present study was intended to evaluate the impact of growing conditions on total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and in vitro antioxidant potential in the bulbs and leaves of onion varieties planted under diverse environmental conditions. Standard analytical methods were used to quantify total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and free radicals’ scavenging/antioxidant capacity. The impact of climatic and soil conditions was assessed using statistical tools. In general, onion varieties cultivated at three different locations viz. Kalar Kahar, Lahore and Swabi exhibited significant variations in TPC and TFC, and antioxidant activities. The bulbs and leaves of Mustang (V1) variety planted at Lahore and Swabi had significantly (p < 0.05), high levels of TPC (659.5 ± 6.59, and 631.1 ± 8.58 mg GAE/100 g, respectively). However, leaves of Red Orb (V2) and bulbs of Mustang (V1), and Golden Orb (V6), harvested from Kalar Kahar depicted the highest concentration of TFC (432.5 ± 10.3, 303.0 ± 6.67, and 303.0 ± 2.52 mg QE/100 g DW, respectively). Likewise, bulbs of V1 planted at Kalar Kahar, Lahore and Swabi exhibited maximum inhibition of DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radicals (79.01 ± 1.49, 65.38 ± 0.99, and 59.76 ± 0.90%, respectively). Golden Orb (V6) harvested from Lahore had the highest scavenging of OH radical (67.40 ± 0.09%). Likewise, bulbs of V1 variety planted at KalarKahar and Swabi had significant capacity to scavenge ferric ions (415.1 ± 10.6 mg GAE/100 g DW), and molybdate ions (213.7 ± 0.00 mg AAE/100 g DW). Conversely, leaves of Amazon (V8), planted at Lahore and Swabi depicted significant levels of DPPH, ABTS, H2O2 radical scavenging (90.69 ± 0.26, 63.55 ± 1.06, 51.86 ± 0.43%, respectively), and reduction of ferric ions (184.2 ± 6.75 mg GAE/100 g DW). V6 leaves harvested from Lahore and that of Super Sarhad (V3) from Swabi showed the highest inhibition of OH radical (61.21 ± 0.79%), and molybdate ions (623.6 ± 0.12 mg AAE/100 g DW), respectively. Pearson correlation and principal component analysis revealed strong relationships of climatic conditions, soil properties and elevation with TPC, TFC and free radicals’ scavenging potential in the bulbs and leaves of onion varieties. The variations in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant potential of different varieties, and their associations with climatic and soil factors revealed the complexity of the growing conditions and genetic makeup that imposed significant impacts on the synthesis of secondary metabolites and nutraceutical potential of food and medicinal plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Bibi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (N.B.); (A.I.)
| | - Munir H. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Breeding and Genomics, Magnus Kahl Seeds (Pty), 6A Dairy Drive Coburg North, Coburg, VIC 3058, Australia;
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-H.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-H.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Akhtar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (N.B.); (A.I.)
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (N.B.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: or
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Besrour N, Oludemi T, Mandim F, Pereira C, Dias MI, Soković M, Stojković D, Ferreira O, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. Valorization of Juglans regia Leaves as Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Bioactivity Evaluation and Final Formulation Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040677. [PMID: 35453361 PMCID: PMC9031312 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cosmetic industry is constantly searching for bioactive ingredients, namely, those obtained from natural sources with environmentally friendly connotations and less toxic effects. A previous study of our research group optimized the extraction of phenolic compounds from Juglans regia by heat-assisted extraction. Due to its richness in different phenolic compounds, the present work aimed to develop a formulation containing J. regia leaf extract. The extract’s antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, cytotoxicity, and photostability properties were evaluated. The extract was then incorporated into an O/W base cream, followed by characterization of the final formulation in terms of its antioxidant properties, phenolic composition, and stability over time and at different storage conditions. The most abundant compounds in the hydroethanolic extract were 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (18.30 ± 0.04 mg/g), quercetin-O-pentoside (9.64 ± 0.06 mg/g), and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (6.70 ± 0.19 mg/g). Besides those, the extract presented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound closure, and antibacterial effects against several skin pathogens. In addition, HaCaT cell viability was maintained up to 98% at 400 µg/mL. Within Proteus vulgaris-infected HaCaT cells, the extract also presented an over 40% bacterial mortality rate at its nontoxic concentration (200 µg/mL). After incorporating the extract, the obtained formulation presented a good physicochemical profile over time and at different storage conditions while also maintaining its antioxidant effect; as such, it can be considered stable for topical application. Future work to evaluate its performance in terms of skin permeation and detailed toxicological studies with a focus on regulatory requirements, involving skin irritation, eye irritation, genotoxicity, photo-irritation, and dermal absorption, should be conducted, as the prepared formulation demonstrated relevant properties that deserve to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermine Besrour
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Taofiq Oludemi
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Univeridade de Vigo, 36310 Ourense, Spain
| | - Filipa Mandim
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Marina Soković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Olga Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (O.F.); (L.B.); Tel.: +351-273-303-285 (L.B.); Fax: +351-273-325-405 (L.B.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (N.B.); (T.O.); (F.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (O.F.); (L.B.); Tel.: +351-273-303-285 (L.B.); Fax: +351-273-325-405 (L.B.)
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Chemical Composition, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oils Extracted from the Needle of Ten Pinus Taxa. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7440906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the chemical compositions of essential oils (EOs) from ten taxa belonging to the Pinus genus. The studied taxa that grow wildly in China, and the EOs were extracted by steam distillation; the chemical compositions were isolated and characterized by GC-MS. Eighty-one components, representing over 92.10% of the EOs, were identified. The main constituents of EOs were α-pinene (6.44%–53.00%), β-caryophyllene (2.43%–24.64%), β-pinene (0.00%–22.32%), δ-cadinene (2.56%–17.56%), germacrene D (0.74%–11.38%), and camphene (0.78%–10.48%). Furthermore, we determined the total phenolic content (TPC) of the EOs, with the values from 26.50 to 60.01 mg eq GAE/mL EO. DPPH free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and ABTS radical cation scavenging activity (ABTS) were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the EOs, and the obtained values were ranged from 499.15 to 1,272.75 mmol eq Trolox/mL EO, 1,255.67 to 3,857.93 mmol eq Trolox/mL EO, and 370.81 to 1,677.19 mmol eq Trolox/mL EO, respectively. The results showed that all of the EOs studied had strong antioxidant activity, and these pine plants could be used as natural antioxidants in functional food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Ullah H, Hussain Y, Santarcangelo C, Baldi A, Di Minno A, Khan H, Xiao J, Daglia M. Natural Polyphenols for the Preservation of Meat and Dairy Products. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061906. [PMID: 35335268 PMCID: PMC8954466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Food spoilage makes foods undesirable and unacceptable for human use. The preservation of food is essential for human survival, and different techniques were initially used to limit the growth of spoiling microbes, e.g., drying, heating, salting, or fermentation. Water activity, temperature, redox potential, preservatives, and competitive microorganisms are the most important approaches used in the preservation of food products. Preservative agents are generally classified into antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-browning agents. On the other hand, artificial preservatives (sorbate, sulfite, or nitrite) may cause serious health hazards such as hypersensitivity, asthma, neurological damage, hyperactivity, and cancer. Thus, consumers prefer natural food preservatives to synthetic ones, as they are considered safer. Polyphenols have potential uses as biopreservatives in the food industry, because their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities can increase the storage life of food products. The antioxidant capacity of polyphenols is mainly due to the inhibition of free radical formation. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of plants and herbs is mainly attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds. Thus, incorporation of botanical extracts rich in polyphenols in perishable foods can be considered since no pure polyphenolic compounds are authorized as food preservatives. However, individual polyphenols can be screened in this regard. In conclusion, this review highlights the use of phenolic compounds or botanical extracts rich in polyphenols as preservative agents with special reference to meat and dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Lab of Controlled Release and Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
- Department of Pharmacy, Bashir Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad 45400, Pakistan
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Alessandra Baldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (A.D.M.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Anti-Herbivore Resistance Changes in Tomato with Elevation. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:196-206. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Plant Secondary Metabolites Produced in Response to Abiotic Stresses Has Potential Application in Pharmaceutical Product Development. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010313. [PMID: 35011546 PMCID: PMC8746929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are vital for human health and constitute the skeletal framework of many pharmaceutical drugs. Indeed, more than 25% of the existing drugs belong to PSMs. One of the continuing challenges for drug discovery and pharmaceutical industries is gaining access to natural products, including medicinal plants. This bottleneck is heightened for endangered species prohibited for large sample collection, even if they show biological hits. While cultivating the pharmaceutically interesting plant species may be a solution, it is not always possible to grow the organism outside its natural habitat. Plants affected by abiotic stress present a potential alternative source for drug discovery. In order to overcome abiotic environmental stressors, plants may mount a defense response by producing a diversity of PSMs to avoid cells and tissue damage. Plants either synthesize new chemicals or increase the concentration (in most instances) of existing chemicals, including the prominent bioactive lead compounds morphine, camptothecin, catharanthine, epicatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, resveratrol, and kaempferol. Most PSMs produced under various abiotic stress conditions are plant defense chemicals and are functionally anti-inflammatory and antioxidative. The major PSM groups are terpenoids, followed by alkaloids and phenolic compounds. We have searched the literature on plants affected by abiotic stress (primarily studied in the simulated growth conditions) and their PSMs (including pharmacological activities) from PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE Ovid, Google Scholar, Databases, and journal websites. We used search keywords: "stress-affected plants," "plant secondary metabolites, "abiotic stress," "climatic influence," "pharmacological activities," "bioactive compounds," "drug discovery," and "medicinal plants" and retrieved published literature between 1973 to 2021. This review provides an overview of variation in bioactive phytochemical production in plants under various abiotic stress and their potential in the biodiscovery of therapeutic drugs. We excluded studies on the effects of biotic stress on PSMs.
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23
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Ferreira-Gonçalves T, Gaspar MM, Coelho JMP, Marques V, Viana AS, Ascensão L, Carvalho L, Rodrigues CMP, Ferreira HA, Ferreira D, Reis CP. The Role of Rosmarinic Acid on the Bioproduction of Gold Nanoparticles as Part of a Photothermal Approach for Breast Cancer Treatment. Biomolecules 2022; 12:71. [PMID: 35053219 PMCID: PMC8773507 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a high-burden malignancy for society, whose impact boosts a continuous search for novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Among the recent therapeutic approaches, photothermal therapy (PTT), which causes tumor cell death by hyperthermia after being irradiated with a light source, represents a high-potential strategy. Furthermore, the effectiveness of PTT can be improved by combining near infrared (NIR) irradiation with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as photothermal enhancers. Herein, an alternative synthetic method using rosmarinic acid (RA) for synthesizing AuNPs is reported. The RA concentration was varied and its impact on the AuNPs physicochemical and optical features was assessed. Results showed that RA concentration plays an active role on AuNPs features, allowing the optimization of mean size and maximum absorbance peak. Moreover, the synthetic method explored here allowed us to obtain negatively charged AuNPs with sizes favoring the local particle accumulation at tumor site and maximum absorbance peaks within the NIR region. In addition, AuNPs were safe both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the synthesized AuNPs present favorable properties to be applied as part of a PTT system combining AuNPs with a NIR laser for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - João M. P. Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.P.C.); (H.A.F.)
| | - Vanda Marques
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Ana S. Viana
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Lia Ascensão
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Central Testing Laboratory, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Hugo Alexandre Ferreira
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.P.C.); (H.A.F.)
| | - David Ferreira
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (T.F.-G.); (M.M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.P.C.); (H.A.F.)
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24
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Tungmunnithum D, Drouet S, Lorenzo JM, Hano C. Characterization of Bioactive Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Edible Bean Extracts of 50 Fabaceae Populations Grown in Thailand. Foods 2021; 10:3118. [PMID: 34945669 PMCID: PMC8700874 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabaceae is the third largest family containing great variation among populations. However, previous studies mainly focus on single species, and phytochemicals at population level have never been reported. This work aims to complete this knowledge with 50 populations from throughout Thailand by (1) determining total phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), and anthocyanin (TAC) contents; and (2) investigating in vitro and cellular antioxidant potentials. Phytochemicals of 50 populations from different localities are differed, illustrating high heterogeneity occurring in polyphenols accumulations. Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis populations showed low variability in TPC ranging from 628.3 to 717.3 mg/100 g DW gallic acid equivalent, whereas the high variability found in TFC and TAC range from 786.9 to 1536.1 mg/100 g DW quercetin equivalent, and 13.4 to 41.6 mg/100 g DW cyanidin equivalent. Red cultivar population #16 had the greatest TAC, but surprisingly the cream cultivars were relatively high in anthocyanins. HPLC quantification of genistein and daidzein showed great variations among populations. In vitro antioxidant results indicated that antioxidant capacity mediated by electron transfer. Cellular antioxidants ranged from 59.7% to 87.9% of ROS/RNS in yeast model. This study investigated at the population level contributing to better and frontier knowledge for nutraceutical/phytopharmaceutical sectors to seek potential raw plant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Campus Eure et Loir, Orleans University, 28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Jose Manuel Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Adva. Galicia n° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, Campus Eure et Loir, Orleans University, 28000 Chartres, France;
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25
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Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Selected Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Diversity upon Plant Species and Extraction Technique. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated in extracts of bay, sage and thyme leaves, myrtle leaves and berries, and sea buckthorn berries obtained by conventional (CE) and advanced extraction techniques [ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE)] using 80% acetone (v/v) as extraction solvent. Extracts were analyzed for phenolic content using UPLC/ESI MS2 and AC by ORAC method. Results indicated the variations in the phenolic composition and concentrations among analyzed plant species and applied extraction methods. Flavonoids showed to be the predominant phenolic group represented by flavonols kaemferol-3-O-hexoside (182.58–321.45 mg 100−1 g dm) and quercetin-3-glucoside (253.05–315.67 mg/100 g dm) in bay leaves, by flavonol isorhamnetine-3-O-hexoside (27.76–45.16 mg/100 g dm) in sea buckthorn berries and by flavone luteolin-7-O-glucoside (470.27–781.78 mg/100 g dm) in sage leaves. Among the phenolic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids and their derivates were the predominant phenolic group in thyme leaves and myrtle. Statistical analysis showed that ASE contributed to the highest content of total flavonols, flavones, hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids as well as AC. CE was more efficient method for the extraction of total flavan-3-ols, while UAE showed the highest efficiency in extraction of total anthocyanins. Analyzed plant extracts proved to be a rich source of various phenolics and results indicated suitable extraction methods for target phenolic compounds characteristic for certain plant species.
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26
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Mu J, Wu G, Chen Z, Klosek A, Brennan MA, Hui X, Brennan CS. The effects of blackcurrant and strawberry powder on the physicochemical and in vitro glycaemic response of starches derived from sweet potato (
Ipomoea batatas
) and potato (
Solanum tuberosum
). Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlou Mu
- College of Food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural University Baoding China
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Gang Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural University Baoding China
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand
- Riddet Institute Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Zhizhou Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural University Baoding China
| | - Axelle Klosek
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand
- AgroSup Dijon Dijon France
| | - Magaret A. Brennan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand
- School of Science RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Xiaodan Hui
- College of Food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural University Baoding China
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand
- Riddet Institute Palmerston North New Zealand
| | - Charles S. Brennan
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences Lincoln University Christchurch New Zealand
- Riddet Institute Palmerston North New Zealand
- School of Science RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia
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27
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Keskin Çavdar H, Yıldırım Zİ, Fadıloğlu S. Evaluation of the effect of geographical origin and extraction solvents on bioactive and antioxidative properties of Inula viscosa L. grown in Turkey by chemometric approach. Eur Food Res Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Wang XH, Lee MC, Choi YM, Kim SH, Han S, Desta KT, Yoon HM, Lee YJ, Oh MA, Yi JY, Shin MJ. Phylogeography and Antioxidant Activity of Proso Millet ( Panicum miliaceum L.). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102112. [PMID: 34685921 PMCID: PMC8537217 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) or broomcorn millet is among the most important food crops to be domesticated by humans; it is widely distributed in America, Europe, and Asia. In this study, we genotyped 578 accessions of P. miliaceum using 37 single-sequence repeat (SSR) markers, to study the genetic diversity and population structure of each accession. We also investigated total phenolic content (TPC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and performed association analysis using SSR markers. The results showed that genetic diversity and genetic distance were related to geographic location and the fixation index (Fst). Population structure analysis divided the population into three subpopulations. Based on 3 subpopulations, the population is divided into six clusters in consideration of geographical distribution characteristics and agronomic traits. Based on the genetic diversity, population structure, pairwise Fst, and gene flow analyses, we described the topological structure of the six proso millet subpopulations, and the geographic distribution and migration of each cluster. Comparison of the published cluster (cluster 1) with unique germplasms in Japan and South Korea suggested Turkey as a possible secondary center of origin and domestication (cluster 3) for the cluster. We also discovered a cluster domesticated in Nepal (cluster 6) that is adapted to high-latitude and high-altitude cultivation conditions. Differences in phenotypic characteristics, such as TPC, were observed between the clusters. The association analysis showed that TPC was associated with SSR-31, which explained 7.1% of the total variance, respectively. The development of markers associated with TPC and SOD will provide breeders with new tools to improve the quality of proso millet through marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Wang
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Myung-Chul Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Yu-Mi Choi
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Seong-Hoon Kim
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Seahee Han
- Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Korea;
| | - Kebede Taye Desta
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia
| | - Hye-Myeong Yoon
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Yoon-Jung Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Mi-Ae Oh
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Jung-Yoon Yi
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
| | - Myoung-Jae Shin
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (X.-H.W.); (M.-C.L.); (Y.-M.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.T.D.); (H.-M.Y.); (Y.-J.L.); (M.-A.O.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-238-4891
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29
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Tel-Çayan G, Çayan F, Deveci E, Duru ME. Phenolic profile, antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of four Trametes species: T. bicolor, T. pubescens, T. suaveolens, and T. versicolor. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Tow WK, Goh APT, Sundralingam U, Palanisamy UD, Sivasothy Y. Flavonoid Composition and Pharmacological Properties of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Leaf Extracts: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14100961. [PMID: 34681185 PMCID: PMC8549011 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) originates from West and Central Africa, and it is cultivated in Malaysia for its oil-producing fruits. Malaysia is the world’s second largest palm oil producer and the world’s largest exporter to date. Consequently, the Malaysian oil palm industry constantly generates a huge amount of biomass with the major contributor being the leaves. A large percentage of these leaves remain underutilized, making them a promising source of raw materials that can be converted into value-added products. The present review summarizes and discusses the flavonoid composition, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties exhibited by the extracts of the leaves of E. guineensis. The purpose of this systematic review is to highlight the potential of valorizing the leaf extracts of the oil palm tree as pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kit Tow
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.-K.T.); (A.P.-T.G.); (U.S.)
| | - Asly Poh-Tze Goh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.-K.T.); (A.P.-T.G.); (U.S.)
| | - Usha Sundralingam
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.-K.T.); (A.P.-T.G.); (U.S.)
| | - Uma Devi Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Yasodha Sivasothy
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.-K.T.); (A.P.-T.G.); (U.S.)
- Monash-Industry Palm Oil Education and Research, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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31
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Rechek H, Haouat A, Hamaidia K, Allal H, Boudiar T, Pinto DCGA, Cardoso SM, Bensouici C, Soltani N, Silva AMS. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of an Endemic Species from Southern Algeria: Warionia saharae. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175257. [PMID: 34500690 PMCID: PMC8434534 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss. (Asteraceae) is an endemic species of North Africa naturally grown in the southwest of the Algerian Sahara. In the present study, this species’ hydromethanolic leaf extract was investigated for its phenolic profile characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS). Additionally, the chemical composition of W. saharae was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and its antioxidant potential was assessed through five in vitro tests: DPPH● scavenging activity, ABTS●+ scavenging assay, galvinoxyl scavenging activity, ferric reducing power (FRP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity. The UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis allowed the detection and quantification of 22 compounds, with taxifolin as the dominant compound. The GC–MS analysis allowed the identification of 37 compounds, and the antioxidant activity data indicate that W. saharae extract has a very high capacity to capture radicals due to its richness in compounds with antioxidant capacity. The extract also showed potent α-glucosidase inhibition as well as a good anti-inflammatory activity. However, weak anti-α-amylase and anticholinesterase activities were recorded. Moreover, an in silico docking study was performed to highlight possible interactions between three significant compounds identified in W. saharae extract and α-glucosidase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Rechek
- Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria;
- Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Batna 2, Mostefa Ben Boulaid, Batna 05078, Algeria
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Ammar Haouat
- Unité de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL), Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 25000, Algeria;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Oued Souf, Oued Souf 39000, Algeria
| | - Kaouther Hamaidia
- Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria;
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +213-66-509-5858 (K.H.); +351-234-401407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370714 (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Hamza Allal
- Department of Technology, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 Skikda University, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
| | - Tarek Boudiar
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (T.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +213-66-509-5858 (K.H.); +351-234-401407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370714 (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (T.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Noureddine Soltani
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +213-66-509-5858 (K.H.); +351-234-401407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370714 (A.M.S.S.)
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Abu-Reidah IM, Critch AL, Manful CF, Rajakaruna A, Vidal NP, Pham TH, Cheema M, Thomas R. Effects of pH and Temperature on Water under Pressurized Conditions in the Extraction of Nutraceuticals from Chaga ( Inonotus obliquus) Mushroom. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081322. [PMID: 34439572 PMCID: PMC8389277 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is increased interest in finding appropriate food-grade green extraction systems capable of extracting these bioactive compounds from dietary mushrooms for applications in various food, pharmacological, or nutraceutical formulations. Herein, we evaluated a modified Swiss water process (SWP) method using alkaline and acidic pH at low and high temperature under pressurized conditions as a suitable green food grade solvent to obtained extracts enriched with myco-nutrients (dietary phenolics, total antioxidants (TAA), vitamins, and minerals) from Chaga. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution accurate mass tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRAMS-MS/MS) was used to assess the phenolic compounds and vitamin levels in the extracts, while inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the mineral contents. Over 20 phenolic compounds were quantitatively evaluated in the extracts and the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) was observed at pH 11.5 at 100 °C. The most abundant phenolic compounds present in Chaga extracts included phenolic acids such as protocatechuic acid 4-glucoside (0.7–1.08 µg/mL), syringic acid (0.62–1.18 µg/mL), and myricetin (0.68–1.3 µg/mL). Vitamins are being reported for the first time in Chaga. Not only, a strong correlation was found for TPC with TAA (r-0.8, <0.0001), but also, with individual phenolics (i.e., Salicylic acid), lipophilic antioxidant activity (LAA), and total antioxidant minerals (TAM). pH 2.5 at 100 °C treatment shows superior effects in extracting the B vitamins whereas pH 2.5 at 60 and 100 °C treatments were outstanding for extraction of total fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin E content was the highest for the fat-soluble vitamins in the Chaga extract under acidic pH (2.5) and high temp. (100 °C) and ranges between 50 to 175 µg/100 g Chaga. Antioxidant minerals ranged from 85.94 µg/g (pH7 at 100 °C) to 113.86 µg/g DW (pH2.5 at 100 °C). High temperature 100 °C and a pH of 2.5 or 9.5. The treatment of pH 11.5 at 100 °C was the most useful for recovering phenolics and antioxidants from Chaga including several phenolic compounds reported for the first time in Chaga. SWP is being proposed herein for the first time as a novel, green food-grade solvent system for the extraction of myco-nutrients from Chaga and have potential applications as a suitable approach to extract nutrients from other matrices. Chaga extracts enriched with bioactive myconutrients and antioxidants may be suitable for further use or applications in the food and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M. Abu-Reidah
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
- Correspondence: (I.M.A.-R.); (R.T.)
| | - Amber L. Critch
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Charles F. Manful
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Amanda Rajakaruna
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Natalia P. Vidal
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Thu H. Pham
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (A.L.C.); (C.F.M.); (A.R.); (N.P.V.); (T.H.P.); (M.C.)
- The Functional Foods Sensory Laboratory, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada
- Correspondence: (I.M.A.-R.); (R.T.)
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Biowaste as a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds-A Case Study of Raspberry Fruit Pomace. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040706. [PMID: 33810427 PMCID: PMC8066284 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Raspberry fruit pomace, a byproduct of juice production, was studied as a potential source of antioxidant compounds. Target high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of important polyphenolic compounds (gallic, p-coumaric, caffeic, quercitrin, chlorogenic, and ellagic acid) was performed together with analysis of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanins content (TAC), and antioxidant capacity (via ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays). The differences in polyphenolic content of Rubus idaeus L. pomace were evaluated following ultrasound-assisted extraction and conventional maceration with different organic solvents. Additionally, the yield of free phenolics was measured in hydrolyzed pomace extracts. The results obtained show that the ultrasound method maximizes the quantity of antioxidant compounds in terms of TPC (27.79 mg/L gallic acid equivalent (GAE)), TFC (8.02 mg/g quercetin equivalent (QE)), TAC (7.13 mg/L cyanidine-3-glucoside equivalent (C3G Eq)), caffeic (19.17 µg/g), chlorogenic (3.56 µg/g), ellagic (105.52 µg/g), and gallic acids (8.75 µg/g), as well as FRAP (1002.72 µmol/L) and DPPH assays (969.71 µmol/mL vitamin C equivalent (vit C Eq); 567.00 µmol/100 g Trolox equivalent (TE)). On the other hand, conventional maceration maximizes the yield of quercetin and p-coumaric acid. In terms of biowaste valorization, raspberry fruit pomace has a promising industrial potential and may prove to be useful in the development of antioxidant dietary supplements.
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Phytotoxic Potential and Phenolic Profile of Extracts from Scrophularia striata. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10010135. [PMID: 33440883 PMCID: PMC7827524 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A large number of plants produce secondary metabolites known as allelochemicals that are capable of inhibiting the germination of competitive species. This process is known as allelopathy and is mediated by several classes of chemicals, among which phenolic compounds are the most frequent. Thus, plant allelochemicals can be used to control weeds in agricultural systems. In the present work, we analyzed the phenolic profile and phytotoxic potential of different extracts (pure water or water: ethanol 50:50) from Scrophulariastriata plants that were collected from two ecological regions in Iran (Pahleh and Lizan). The total polyphenolic content (TPC), as evaluated by the Folin-Ciocolteau method, ranged from 28.3 mg/g in the aqueous extract obtained from the Lizan ecotype to 39.6 mg/g in the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the Pahleh ecotype. Moreover, HPLC analysis was aimed at determining the content of eight phenolic compounds, namely eugenol, rosmarinic acid, hesperetin, hesperedin, trans-ferulic acid, vanillin, and caffeic acid. According to the results, rosmarinic acid appeared to be the most abundant component. The phytotoxic activities of S.striata extracts were examined on the seed germination of a crop species, Lepidium sativum, and two weeds, Chenopodium album and Malva sylvestris. All extracts showed inhibitory effects on these species. The efficiency of these inhibitory effects depended on the type of plant species, origin, and concentration of extract. The highest phytotoxic activity was caused by approximately 1% concentration of extract. The most susceptible weed was M. sylvestris. The extracts that were obtained from the Pahleh ecotype, notably the hydroalcoholic ones, showed higher phytotoxicity against L. sativum, C. album and M. sylvestris. These results encourage further studies to support the use of S. striata as a source of bioherbicides.
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Genotype selection for phytochemical content and pharmacological activities in ethanol extracts of fifteen types of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. leaves using chemometric analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20945. [PMID: 33262368 PMCID: PMC7708627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. of the Lamiaceae family, called as kumis kucing in Indonesia, is a valuable medicinal plant for their pharmacological properties. The present study comprised of fifteen genotypes of O. aristatus was undertaken to evaluate the genotypes based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of leaves ethanol extract. Chemometric analysis (correlation and principal component analysis) was also used to investigate the genetic variability based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of O. aristatus genotypes. Results of phytochemical characterization showed that total phenolic ranged from 1.48 to 36.08 (maximum in A15) mg GAE/g DW, total flavonoid ranged from 0.10 to 3.07 (maximum in A15) mg QE/g DW, sinensetin ranged from 0.36 to 4.02 (maximum in A11) mg/g DW, and rosmarinic acid ranged 0.06 to 7.25 (maximum in A7) mg/g DW. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH and FRAP assay. Antioxidant results showed that DPPH ranged from 1.68 to 15.55 (maximum in A15) μmol TE/g DW and FRAP ranged from 0.07 to 1.60 (maximum in A1 and A7) μmol TE/g DW. The genotype A8 showed the highest cytotoxic activities against HeLa (66.25%) and MCF-7 (61.79%) cell lines. Maximum α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was recorded in genotype A2 with the value of 62.84%. The genotypes A1, A2, A7, A11, and A15 were identified as superior based on their phytochemicals content and pharmacological activities coupled with chemometric analysis. This finding is important for breeding studies and also the pharmaceutical perspective of O. aristatus.
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