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Banerjee S, Cabrera-Barjas G, Tapia J, Fabi JP, Delattre C, Banerjee A. Characterization of Chilean hot spring-origin Staphylococcus sp. BSP3 produced exopolysaccharide as biological additive. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:15. [PMID: 38310179 PMCID: PMC10838260 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-024-00436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
A type of high molecular weight bioactive polymers called exopolysaccharides (EPS) are produced by thermophiles, the extremophilic microbes that thrive in acidic environmental conditions of hot springs with excessively warm temperatures. Over time, EPS became important as natural biotechnological additives because of their noncytotoxic, emulsifying, antioxidant, or immunostimulant activities. In this article, we unravelled a new EPS produced by Staphylococcus sp. BSP3 from an acidic (pH 6.03) San Pedro hot spring (38.1 °C) located in the central Andean mountains in Chile. Several physicochemical techniques were performed to characterize the EPS structure including Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), 1D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was confirmed that the amorphous surface of the BSP3 EPS, composed of rough pillar-like nanostructures, is evenly distributed. The main EPS monosaccharide constituents were mannose (72%), glucose (24%) and galactose (4%). Also, it is a medium molecular weight (43.7 kDa) heteropolysaccharide. NMR spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of a [→ 6)-⍺-D-Manp-(1 → 6)-⍺-D-Manp-(1 →] backbone 2-O substituted with 1-⍺-D-Manp. A high thermal stability of EPS (287 °C) was confirmed by TGA analysis. Emulsification, antioxidant, flocculation, water-holding (WHC), and oil-holding (OHC) capacities are also studied for biotechnological industry applications. The results demonstrated that BSP3 EPS could be used as a biodegradable material for different purposes, like flocculation and natural additives in product formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Banerjee
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, CP 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Universidad San Sebastián Campus Las Tres Pascualas, Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Lientur 1457, CP 4080871, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jaime Tapia
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, CP 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food Research Center (FoRC), CePID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cedric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Aparna Banerjee
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, CP 3467987, Talca, Chile.
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Qi J, Zhou Q, Huang D, Yu Z, Meng F. Construction of synthetic anti-fouling consortia: fouling control effects and polysaccharide degradation mechanisms. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:230. [PMID: 37936187 PMCID: PMC10631183 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The physical states and chemical components of bulk sludge determine the occurrence and development of membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors. Thus, regulation of sludge suspensions can provide new strategies for fouling control. In this study, we used "top-down" enrichment to construct a synthetic anti-fouling consortium (SAC) from bio-cake and evaluate its roles in preventing membrane fouling. The SAC was identified as Massilia-dominated and could almost wholly degrade the alginate solution (1,000 mg/L) within 72 h. Two-dimensional Fourier transformation infrared correlation spectroscopy (2D-FTIR-CoS) analysis demonstrated that the SAC induced the breakage of glycosidic bond in alginates. The co-cultivation of sludge with a low dosage of SAC (ranging from 0 to 1%) led to significant fouling mitigation, increased sludge floc size, and decreased unified membrane fouling index value (0.55 ± 0.06 and 0.11 ± 0.05). FTIR spectra and X-ray spectroscopy analyses demonstrated that the addition of SAC decreased the abundance of the O-acetylation of polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances. Secondary derivatives analysis of amide I spectra suggested a strong reduction in the α-helix/(β-sheet + random coil) ratio in the presence of SAC, which was expected to enhance cell aggregation. Additionally, the extracellular secretions of SAC could both inhibit biofilm formation and strongly disperse the existing biofilm strongly during the biofilm incubation tests. In summary, this study illustrates the feasibility and benefits of using SAC for fouling control and provides a new strategy for fouling control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Qi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Qicheng Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Danlei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Zhong Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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3
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Wang M, Ding M, Yuan Y. Bioengineering for the Microbial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminants. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030347. [PMID: 36978738 PMCID: PMC10045523 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons are relatively recalcitrant compounds, and as contaminants, they are one of the most serious environmental problems. n-Alkanes are important constituents of petroleum hydrocarbons. Advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies have made n-alkane biodegradation more designable and maneuverable for solving environmental pollution problems. In the microbial degradation of n-alkanes, more and more degradation pathways, related genes, microbes, and alkane hydroxylases have been discovered, which provide a theoretical basis for the further construction of degrading strains and microbial communities. In this review, the current advances in the microbial degradation of n-alkanes under aerobic condition are summarized in four aspects, including the biodegradation pathways and related genes, alkane hydroxylases, engineered microbial chassis, and microbial community. Especially, the microbial communities of “Alkane-degrader and Alkane-degrader” and “Alkane-degrader and Helper” provide new ideas for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Surfactant producers and nitrogen providers as a “Helper” are discussed in depth. This review will be helpful to further achieve bioremediation of oil-polluted environments rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhen Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingzhu Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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4
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He H, Yu Q, Ding Z, Zhang L, Shi G, Li Y. Biotechnological and food synthetic biology potential of platform strain: Bacillus licheniformis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:281-291. [PMID: 37090063 PMCID: PMC10119484 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is one of the most characteristic Gram-positive bacteria. Its unique genetic background and safety characteristics make it have important biologic applications in the food industry, including, the biosynthesis of high value-added bioproducts, probiotic functions, biological treatment of wastes derived from food production, etc. In this review, these recent advances are summarized and presented systematically for the first time. In addition, we highlight synthetic biology strategies as a potential driver of developing this strain for wider and more efficient application in the food industry. Finally, we present the current challenges faced and provide our unique perspective on relevant future research directions. In summary, this review will provide an illuminating and comprehensive perspective that will allow an in-depth understanding of B. licheniformis and promote its more effective development in the food industry.
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Zhang N, Ding M, Yuan Y. Current Advances in Biodegradation of Polyolefins. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081537. [PMID: 36013955 PMCID: PMC9416408 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyolefins, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), are widely used plastics in our daily life. The excessive use of plastics and improper handling methods cause considerable pollution in the environment, as well as waste of energy. The biodegradation of polyolefins seems to be an environmentally friendly and low-energy consumption method for plastics degradation. Many strains that could degrade polyolefins have been isolated from the environment. Some enzymes have also been identified with the function of polyolefin degradation. With the development of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering strategies, engineered strains could be used to degrade plastics. This review summarizes the current advances in polyolefin degradation, including isolated and engineered strains, enzymes and related pathways. Furthermore, a novel strategy for polyolefin degradation by artificial microbial consortia is proposed, which would be helpful for the efficient degradation of polyolefin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zhang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingzhu Ding
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (N.Z.); (Y.Y.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Sampaio ICF, Jorge Louro Crugeira P, de Azevedo Santos Ferreira J, Nunes Dos Santos J, Borges Torres Lima Matos J, Luiz Barbosa Pinheiro A, Chinalia FA, Fernando de Almeida P. Up-recycling oil produced water as the media-base for the production of xanthan gum. Biopolymers 2022; 113:e23488. [PMID: 35338709 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Produced water (PW) and crude glycerin (CG) are compounds overproduced by the oil and biodiesel industry and significant scientific efforts are being applied for properly recycling them. The aim of this research is to combine such industrial byproducts for sustaining the production of xanthan by Xanthomonas campestris. Xanthan yields and viscosity on distinct PW ratios (0, 10, 15, 25, 50, 100) and on 100% dialyzed PW (DPW) in shaker batch testing identified DPW treatment as the best approach for further bioreactor experiments. Such experiments showed a xanthan yield of 17.3 g/L within 54 h and a viscosity of 512 mPa s. Physical-chemical characterization (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy) showed similarities between the produced gum and the experimental control. This research shows a clear alternative for upcycling high salinity PW and CG for the generation of a valued bioproduct for the oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Carvalho Fontes Sampaio
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Micro-organisms, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jacson Nunes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Micro-organisms, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josilene Borges Torres Lima Matos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Micro-organisms, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Alexandre Chinalia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Micro-organisms, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fernando de Almeida
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Micro-organisms, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Singh NK, Choudhary S. Bacterial and archaeal diversity in oil fields and reservoirs and their potential role in hydrocarbon recovery and bioprospecting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58819-58836. [PMID: 33410029 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon is a primary source of energy in the current urbanized society. Considering the increasing demand, worldwide oil productions are declining due to maturity of oil fields and because of difficulty in discovering new oil fields to substitute the exploited ones. To meet current and future energy demands, further exploitation of oil resources is highly required. Microorganisms inhabiting in these areas exhibit highly diverse catabolic activities to degrade, transform, or accumulate various hydrocarbons. Enrichment of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria in oil basin is caused by continuous long duration and low molecular weight hydrocarbon microseepage which plays a very important role as an indicator for petroleum prospecting. The important microbial metabolic processes in most of the oil reservoir are sulfate reduction, fermentation, acetogenesis, methanogenesis, NO3- reduction, and Fe (III) and Mn (IV) reduction. The microorganisms residing in these sites have critical control on petroleum composition, recovery, and production methods. Physical characteristics of heavy oil are altered by microbial biotransformation and biosurfactant production. Considering oil to be one of the most vital energy resources, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of petroleum microbiology. This manuscript reviews the recent research work referring to the diversity of bacteria in oil field and reservoir sites and their applications for enhancing oil transformation in the target reservoir and geomicrobial prospecting scope for petroleum exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishi Kumari Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Sangeeta Choudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
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8
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Petrova P, Arsov A, Ivanov I, Tsigoriyna L, Petrov K. New Exopolysaccharides Produced by Bacillus licheniformis 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102127. [PMID: 34683448 PMCID: PMC8540526 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is a soil bacterium with many industrial applications. In addition to enzymes, platform chemicals, antibiotics and phytohormones, the species produces exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of various biological activities. This study revealed that Bulgarian isolate B. licheniformis 24 produced EPSs consisting of galactose, glucose and mannose with substrate-dependent ratio. From glucose, B. licheniformis 24 secreted EPS1, consisting of 54% galactose, 39% glucose and 7% mannose. From fructose, the strain formed EPS2, containing 51% glucose, 30% mannose and 19% galactose. Batch cultivation in flasks yielded 2.2–2.6 g/L EPS1 and 1.90–2.11 g/L EPS2. Four to five times higher yields of EPS were obtained from both substrates during batch and fed-batch processes in a fermenter at 37.8 °C, pH 6.2 and aeration 3.68 vvm. The batch process with 200 g/L of starting substrates received 9.64 g/L EPS1 and 6.29 g/L EPS2, reaching maximum values at the 33rd and 24th h, respectively. Fed-batch fermentation resulted in the highest yields, 12.61 g/L EPS1 and 7.03 g/L EPS2. In all processes, EPSs were produced only in the exponential growth phase. Both EPSs exhibited antioxidant activity, but EPS2 was much more potent in this regard, reaching 811 μM Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (versus 135 μM for EPS1). EPS1 displayed antibacterial activity against a non-O1 strain of Vibrio cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penka Petrova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (I.I.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Alexander Arsov
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Lidia Tsigoriyna
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Kaloyan Petrov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (K.P.)
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9
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Microbial Lipopeptide-Producing Strains and Their Metabolic Roles under Anaerobic Conditions. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102030. [PMID: 34683351 PMCID: PMC8540375 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipopeptide produced by microorganisms is one of the representative biosurfactants and is characterized as a series of structural analogues of different families. Thirty-four families covering about 300 lipopeptide compounds have been reported in the last decades, and most of the reported lipopeptides produced by microorganisms were under aerobic conditions. The lipopeptide-producing strains under anaerobic conditions have attracted much attention from both the academic and industrial communities, due to the needs and the challenge of their applications in anaerobic environments, such as in oil reservoirs and in microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). In this review, the fifty-eight reported bacterial strains, mostly isolated from oil reservoirs and dominated by the species Bacillus subtilis, producing lipopeptide biosurfactants, and the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, producing glycolipid biosurfactants under anaerobic conditions were summarized. The metabolic pathway and the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) of the strain Bacillus subtilis under anaerobic conditions were analyzed, which is expected to better understand the key mechanisms of the growth and production of lipopeptide biosurfactants of such kind of bacteria under anaerobic conditions, and to expand the industrial application of anaerobic biosurfactant-producing bacteria.
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Banerjee A, Sarkar S, Govil T, González-Faune P, Cabrera-Barjas G, Bandopadhyay R, Salem DR, Sani RK. Extremophilic Exopolysaccharides: Biotechnologies and Wastewater Remediation. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:721365. [PMID: 34489911 PMCID: PMC8417407 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.721365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various microorganisms thrive under extreme environments, like hot springs, hydrothermal vents, deep marine ecosystems, hyperacid lakes, acid mine drainage, high UV exposure, and more. To survive against the deleterious effect of these extreme circumstances, they form a network of biofilm where exopolysaccharides (EPSs) comprise a substantial part. The EPSs are often polyanionic due to different functional groups in their structural backbone, including uronic acids, sulfated units, and phosphate groups. Altogether, these chemical groups provide EPSs with a negative charge allowing them to (a) act as ligands toward dissolved cations as well as trace, and toxic metals; (b) be tolerant to the presence of salts, surfactants, and alpha-hydroxyl acids; and (c) interface the solubilization of hydrocarbons. Owing to their unique structural and functional characteristics, EPSs are anticipated to be utilized industrially to remediation of metals, crude oil, and hydrocarbons from contaminated wastewaters, mines, and oil spills. The biotechnological advantages of extremophilic EPSs are more diverse than traditional biopolymers. The present review aims at discussing the mechanisms and strategies for using EPSs from extremophiles in industries and environment bioremediation. Additionally, the potential of EPSs as fascinating biomaterials to mediate biogenic nanoparticles synthesis and treat multicomponent water contaminants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Banerjee
- Centro de investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación Y Posgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales (CENBio), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Shrabana Sarkar
- Department of Botany, UGC-Center of Advanced Study, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, India
| | - Tanvi Govil
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota Mines, Rapid City, SD, United States
- Composite and Nanocomposite Advanced Manufacturing – Biomaterials Center, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Patricio González-Faune
- Escuela Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Rajib Bandopadhyay
- Department of Botany, UGC-Center of Advanced Study, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, India
| | - David R. Salem
- Department of Botany, UGC-Center of Advanced Study, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, India
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota Mines, Rapid City, SD, United States
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, South Dakota Mines, Rapid City, SD, United States
| | - Rajesh K. Sani
- Department of Botany, UGC-Center of Advanced Study, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, India
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota Mines, Rapid City, SD, United States
- BuGReMeDEE Consortium, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, United States
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Abstract
Toxic metal contamination has serious effects on human health. Crude oil that may contain toxic metals and oil spills can further contaminate the environment and lead to increased exposure. This being the case, we chose to study the bio-production of inexpensive, environmentally safe materials for remediation. Streptomyces sp. MOE6 is a Gram-positive, filamentous bacterium from soil that produces an extracellular polysaccharide (MOE6-EPS). A one-factor-at-a-time experiments showed that the maximum production of MOE6-EPS was achieved at 35 °C, pH 6, after nine days of incubation with soluble starch and yeast extract as carbon sources and the latter as the nitrogen source. We demonstrated that MOE6-EPS has the capacity to remove toxic metals such as Co(II), Cr(VI), Cu(II) and U(VI) and from solution either by chelation and/or reduction. Additionally, the bacterium was found to produce siderophores, which contribute to the removal of metals, specifically Fe(III). Additionally, purified MOE6-EPS showed emulsifying activities against various hydrophobic substances, including olive oil, corn oil, benzene, toluene and engine oil. These results indicate that EPS from Streptomyces sp. MOE6 may be useful to sequester toxic metals and oil in contaminated environments.
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Adlan NA, Sabri S, Masomian M, Ali MSM, Rahman RNZRA. Microbial Biodegradation of Paraffin Wax in Malaysian Crude Oil Mediated by Degradative Enzymes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:565608. [PMID: 33013795 PMCID: PMC7506063 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.565608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of paraffin wax in crude oil is a problem faced by the oil and gas industry during extraction, transportation, and refining of crude oil. Most of the commercialized chemical additives to prevent wax are expensive and toxic. As an environmentally friendly alternative, this study aims to find a novel thermophilic bacterial strain capable of degrading paraffin wax in crude oil to control wax deposition. To achieve this, the biodegradation of crude oil paraffin wax by 11 bacteria isolated from seawater and oil-contaminated soil samples was investigated at 70°C. The bacteria were identified as Geobacillus kaustophilus N3A7, NFA23, DFY1, Geobacillus jurassicus MK7, Geobacillus thermocatenulatus T7, Parageobacillus caldoxylosilyticus DFY3 and AZ72, Anoxybacillus geothermalis D9, Geobacillus stearothermophilus SA36, AD11, and AD24. The GCMS analysis showed that strains N3A7, MK7, DFY1, AD11, and AD24 achieved more than 70% biodegradation efficiency of crude oil in a short period (3 days). Notably, most of the strains could completely degrade C37–C40 and increase the ratio of C14–C18, especially during the initial 2 days incubation. In addition, the degradation of crude oil also resulted in changes in the pH of the medium. The degradation of crude oil is associated with the production of degradative enzymes such as alkane monooxygenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, lipase, and esterase. Among the 11 strains, the highest activities of alkane monooxygenase were recorded in strain AD24. A comparatively higher overall alcohol dehydrogenase, lipase, and esterase activities were observed in strains N3A7, MK7, DFY1, AD11, and AD24. Thus, there is a potential to use these strains in oil reservoirs, crude oil processing, and recovery to control wax deposition. Their ability to withstand high temperature and produce degradative enzymes for long-chain hydrocarbon degradation led to an increase in the short-chain hydrocarbon ratio, and subsequently, improving the quality of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aina Adlan
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Suriana Sabri
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Malihe Masomian
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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