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Qiu X, Lan X, Li L, Chen H, Zhang N, Zheng X, Xie X. The role of perirenal adipose tissue deposition in chronic kidney disease progression: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Life Sci 2024; 352:122866. [PMID: 38936605 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant and escalating global health challenge, with morbidity and mortality rates rising steadily. Evidence increasingly implicates perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) deposition as a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of CKD. This review explores how PRAT deposition may exert deleterious effects on renal structure and function. The anatomical proximity of PRAT to the kidneys not only potentially causes mechanical compression but also leads to the dysregulated secretion of adipokines and inflammatory mediators, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and exosomes. Additionally, PRAT deposition may contribute to renal lipotoxicity through elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides (TAG), diacylglycerol (DAG), and ceramides (Cer). PRAT deposition is also linked to the hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which further exacerbates CKD progression. Recognizing PRAT deposition as an independent risk factor for CKD underscores the potential of targeting PRAT as a novel strategy for the prevention and management of CKD. This review further discusses interventions that could include measuring PRAT thickness to establish a baseline, managing metabolic risk factors that promote its deposition, and inhibiting key PRAT-induced signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qiu
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Lan
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Langhui Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ningjuan Zhang
- The School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Xiang Xie
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Public Center of Experimental Technology, Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Liu X, Tang S, Cui D, Bok RA, Chen HY, Gordon JW, Wang ZJ, Larson PEZ. A metabolite specific 3D stack-of-spirals bSSFP sequence for improved bicarbonate imaging in hyperpolarized [1- 13C]Pyruvate MRI. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 353:107518. [PMID: 37402333 PMCID: PMC10498937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2023.107518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
13C-bicarbonate is a crucial measure of pyruvate oxidation and TCA cycle flux, but is challenging to measure due to its relatively low concentration and thus will greatly benefit from improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To address this, we developed and investigated the feasibility of a 3D stack-of-spirals metabolite-specific balanced steady-state free precession (MS-bSSFP) sequence for improving the SNR and spatial resolution of dynamic 13C-bicarbonate imaging in hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate studies. The bicarbonate MS-bSSFP sequence was evaluated by simulations, phantoms studies, preclinical studies on five rats, brain studies on two healthy volunteers and renal study on one renal cell carcinoma patient. The simulations and phantom results showed that the bicarbonate-specific pulse had minimal perturbation of other metabolites (<1%). In the animal studies, the MS-bSSFP sequence provided an approximately 2.6-3 × improvement in 13C-bicarbonate SNR compared to a metabolite-specific gradient echo (MS-GRE) sequence without altering the bicarbonate or pyruvate kinetics, and the shorter spiral readout in the MS-bSSFP approach reduced blurring. Using the SNR ratio between MS-bSSFP and MS-GRE, the T2 values of bicarbonate and lactate in the rat kidneys were estimated as 0.5 s and 1.1 s, respectively. The in-vivo feasibility of bicarbonate MS-bSSFP sequence was demonstrated in two human brain studies and one renal study. These studies demonstrate the potential of the sequence for in-vivo applications, laying the foundation for future studies to observe this relatively low concentration metabolite with high-quality images and improve measurements of pyruvate oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Liu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Di Cui
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy W Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhen J Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley and San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Wang CH, Lu WL, Chiang SL, Tsai TH, Liu SC, Hsieh CH, Su PH, Huang CY, Tsai FJ, Lin YJ, Huang YN. T Cells Mediate Kidney Tubular Injury via Impaired PDHA1 and Autophagy in Type 1 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2556-2570. [PMID: 35731579 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nephropathy is a severe complication of type 1 diabetes (T1DM). However, the interaction between the PDHA1-regulated mechanism and CD4+ T cells in the early stage of kidney tubular injury remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of PDHA1 in the regulation of tubular cells and CD4+ T cells and further to study its interaction in tubular cell injury in T1DM. METHODS Plasma and total RNA were collected from T cells of T1DM patients (n = 35) and healthy donors (n = 33) and evaluated for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1, PDHA1, and biomarkers of CD4+ T cells including T helper 1 cells (Th1) and regulatory T cells (Treg) markers. HK-2 cells cocultured with CD4+ T cells from T1DM patients or healthy donors (HDs) to evaluate the interaction with CD4+ T cells. RESULTS Increased PDHA1 gene expression levels in CD4+ T cells were positively associated with the plasma level of NGAL in T1DM patients and HDs. Our data demonstrated that the Th1/Treg subsets skewed Th1 in T1DM. Knockdown of PDHA1 in kidney tubular cells decreased ATP/ROS production, NAD/NADH ratio, mitochondrial respiration, and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, PDHA1 depletion induced impaired autophagic flux. Coculture of tubular cells and T1DM T cells showed impaired CPT1A, upregulated FASN, and induced kidney injury. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that Th1 cells induced tubular cell injury through dysregulated metabolic reprogramming and autophagy, thereby indicating a new therapeutic approach for kidney tubular injury in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsing Wang
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Li Lu
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lun Chiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsun Tsai
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 42743, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ching Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Hua Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40242, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University; Taichung 40242, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Nan Huang
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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4
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Lerink LJS, de Kok MJC, Mulvey JF, Le Dévédec SE, Markovski AA, Wüst RCI, Alwayn IPJ, Ploeg RJ, Schaapherder AFM, Bakker JA, Lindeman JHN. Preclinical models versus clinical renal ischemia reperfusion injury: A systematic review based on metabolic signatures. Am J Transplant 2022; 22:344-370. [PMID: 34657378 PMCID: PMC9298342 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite decennia of research and numerous successful interventions in the preclinical setting, renal ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury remains a major problem in clinical practice, pointing toward a translational gap. Recently, two clinical studies on renal IR injury (manifested either as acute kidney injury or as delayed graft function) identified metabolic derailment as a key driver of renal IR injury. It was reasoned that these unambiguous metabolic findings enable direct alignment of clinical with preclinical data, thereby providing the opportunity to elaborate potential translational hurdles between preclinical research and the clinical context. A systematic review of studies that reported metabolic data in the context of renal IR was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The search (December 2020) identified 35 heterogeneous preclinical studies. The applied methodologies were compared, and metabolic outcomes were semi-quantified and aligned with the clinical data. This review identifies profound methodological challenges, such as the definition of IR injury, the follow-up time, and sampling techniques, as well as shortcomings in the reported metabolic information. In light of these findings, recommendations are provided in order to improve the translatability of preclinical models of renal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lente J. S. Lerink
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Michèle J. C. de Kok
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - John F. Mulvey
- Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sylvia E. Le Dévédec
- Department of Division of ToxicologyLeiden Academic Center for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Rob C. I. Wüst
- Laboratory for MyologyFaculty of Behavioral and Movement SciencesAmsterdam Movement SciencesVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ian P. J. Alwayn
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Rutger J. Ploeg
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Nuffield Department of Surgical SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Alexander F. M. Schaapherder
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap A. Bakker
- Department of Clinical ChemistryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Present address:
Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jan H. N. Lindeman
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands,Transplant CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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A Review of Current and Emerging Trends in Donor Graft-Quality Assessment Techniques. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030487. [PMID: 35159939 PMCID: PMC8836899 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of patients placed on kidney transplant waiting lists is rapidly increasing, resulting in a growing gap between organ demand and the availability of kidneys for transplantation. This organ shortage has forced medical professionals to utilize marginal kidneys from expanded criteria donors (ECD) to broaden the donor pool and shorten wait times for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, recipients of ECD kidney grafts tend to have worse outcomes compared to those receiving organs from standard criteria donors (SCD), specifically increased risks of delayed graft function (DGF) and primary nonfunction incidence. Thus, representative methods for graft-quality assessment are strongly needed, especially for ECDs. Currently, graft-quality evaluation is limited to interpreting the donor’s recent laboratory tests, clinical risk scores, the visual evaluation of the organ, and, in some cases, a biopsy and perfusion parameters. The last few years have seen the emergence of many new technologies designed to examine organ function, including new imaging techniques, transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and new solutions in organ perfusion, which has enabled a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), inflammatory process, and graft rejection. This review summarizes and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of current conventional diagnostic methods and a wide range of new potential strategies (from the last five years) with respect to donor graft-quality assessment, the identification of IRI, perfusion control, and the prediction of DGF.
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6
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Chen X, Zhang C, Tian L, Wu L, Jie Y, Wang N, Liu R, Wang L. In situ metabolic profile and spatial distribution of ocular tissues: New insights into dry eye disease. Ocul Surf 2022; 24:51-63. [PMID: 34990847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dry eye disease (DED) is a chronic multifactorial disorder affecting millions of people, yet the pathogenesis mechanisms still remain unclear. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a novel in situ visualization approach combined high-throughput mass spectrometry and molecular imaging. We aimed to explore the in situ ocular metabolic changes via MALDI-MSI to accelerate the recognition of DED pathogenesis. METHODS Experimental dry eye was established in Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of scopolamine. The induction of DED was assessed by tear film breakup time, sodium fluorescein, histopathological staining and cell apoptosis. MALDI-MSI was applied to explore in situ ocular metabolomic in DED rats, and histopathological staining from same sections were used for side-by-side comparison with MALDI to annotate different tissue structures in the eye. RESULTS Considering the complexity of ocular tissue, we visualized the metabolites in specific ocular regions (central cornea, peripheral cornea, fornix conjunctiva, eyelid conjunctiva and aqueous humor), and identified metabolites related to DED, with information of relative abundance and spatial signatures. In addition, integrative pathway analysis illustrated that, several metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid phenylalanine, and metabolism of glycine, serine and threonine were significantly altered in certain regions in the dry eye tissue. Moreover, we discussed how the metabolic pathways with spatiotemporal signatures might be involved in the DED process. CONCLUSIONS Our data exploit the advantages of in situ analysis of MALDI-MSI to accurately analyze the region-specific metabolic behaviors in DED, and provide new clues to uncover DED pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoniao Chen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Senior Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Chuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Senior Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Unsal V, Kolukcu E, Firat F, Gevrek F. The protective effects of sinapic acid on acute renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2021-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this research was to investigate whether sinapic acid (SA) can alleviate oxidative damage, apoptosis, and inflammation in I/R induced renal injury.
Methods
A total of 24 male rats were randomly separated into four groups as six rats in each group. Group 1 (Sham), Group 2 (I/R), Group 3 (I/R + SA, 10 mg/kg), Group 4 (I/R + SA, 20 mg/kg). In order to evaluate kidney function serum BUN, Cr, and AST were measured in an autoanalyzer. SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, PC and NO oxidative stress parameters were measured with spectrophotometric methods and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, KIM-1 and NGAL parameters were measured with the ELISA method. In addition, H&E method and immunohistochemical examinations were performed for histological evaluations of kidney tissue.
Results
SA significantly decreases the increase in kidney damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death and restore the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (p<0.05). Pre-treatment of the rats with SA reduces kidney dysfunction and morphological changes.
Conclusions
The development of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation seems to be the leading factors that accelerate inflammation and cell death during renal IRI. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic features of SA displayed a renoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velid Unsal
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Central Research Laboratory, Mardin Artuklu University , Mardin , Turkey
| | - Engin Kolukcu
- Department of Urology , Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Fatih Firat
- Department of Urology , Tokat State Hospital , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology , Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
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Caroli A, Remuzzi A, Lerman LO. Basic principles and new advances in kidney imaging. Kidney Int 2021; 100:1001-1011. [PMID: 33984338 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, clinical renal imaging has seen great advances, allowing assessments of kidney structure and morphology, perfusion, function and metabolism, and oxygenation, as well as microstructure and the interstitium. Medical imaging is becoming increasingly important in the evaluation of kidney physiology and pathophysiology, showing promise in management of patients with renal disease, in particular with regard to diagnosis, classification, and prediction of disease development and progression, monitoring response to therapy, detection of drug toxicity, and patient selection for clinical trials. A variety of imaging modalities, ranging from routine to advanced tools, are currently available to probe the kidney both spatially and temporally, particularly ultrasonography, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, renal scintigraphy, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Given that the range is broad and varied, kidney imaging techniques should be chosen based on the clinical question and the specific underlying pathologic mechanism, taking into account contraindications and possible adverse effects. Integration of various modalities providing complementary information will likely provide the greatest insight into renal pathophysiology. This review aims to highlight major recent advances in key tools that are currently available or potentially relevant for clinical kidney imaging, with a focus on non-oncological applications. The review also outlines the context of use, limitations, and advantages of various techniques, and highlights gaps to be filled with future development and clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Caroli
- Bioengineering Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Remuzzi
- Department of Management, Information and Production Engineering, University of Bergamo, Dalmine (Bergamo), Italy
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Nguyen NT, Bae EH, Do LN, Nguyen TA, Park I, Shin SS. In Vivo Assessment of Metabolic Abnormality in Alport Syndrome Using Hyperpolarized [1- 13C] Pyruvate MR Spectroscopic Imaging. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040222. [PMID: 33917329 PMCID: PMC8067337 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alport Syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder characterized by impaired kidney function. The development of a noninvasive tool for early diagnosis and monitoring of renal function during disease progression is of clinical importance. Hyperpolarized 13C MRI is an emerging technique that enables non-invasive, real-time measurement of in vivo metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using this technique for assessing changes in renal metabolism in the mouse model of AS. Mice with AS demonstrated a significant reduction in the level of lactate from 4- to 7-week-old, while the levels of lactate were unchanged in the control mice over time. This reduction in lactate production in the AS group accompanied a significant increase of PEPCK expression levels, indicating that the disease progression in AS triggered the gluconeogenic pathway and might have resulted in a decreased lactate pool size and a subsequent reduction in pyruvate-to-lactate conversion. Additional metabolic imaging parameters, including the level of lactate and pyruvate, were found to be different between the AS and control groups. These preliminary results suggest that hyperpolarized 13C MRI might provide a potential noninvasive tool for the characterization of disease progression in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen-Trong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Eun-Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea;
| | - Luu-Ngoc Do
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
| | - Tien-Anh Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
| | - Ilwoo Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (S.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-62-220-5744 (I.P.); +82-62-220-5882 (S.-S.S.)
| | - Sang-Soo Shin
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju 61469, Korea; (L.-N.D.); (T.-A.N.)
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (S.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-62-220-5744 (I.P.); +82-62-220-5882 (S.-S.S.)
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