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Rodríguez-Albarracín HS, Demattê JAM, Rosin NA, Amorim MTA, Contreras AED, Andreote FD, Rosas JTF. Soil organic carbon sequestration potential explained by mineralogical and microbiological activity using spectral transfer functions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174652. [PMID: 38992377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The ability of soil to sequester carbon and reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations is limited and depends on the soil minerals and their interaction with the microbiota. Microbial activities are closely associated with the types and amounts of soil organic matter (SOM) and clay minerals that have functional groups that interact with energy in Vis NIR-SWIR and Mid-IR wavelengths. The main objective of this research was to determine, based on these spectral ranges, the relation between mineralogical and organic compounds, as their sequestration and specialization in soils from Brazil. It was possible to map microbiological activity by spectral transfer functions and digital soil mapping reaching R2 from 0.77 to 0.85. Multiple regression equations were constructed to quantify enzymatic activity, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), particulate organic matter (POM), and resistant forms of carbon, and SOM associated with the mineral fraction (MAOM). All these properties were detected by specific bands obtained with the recursive feature elimination (RFE) algorithm, reaching correlations from 0.64 to 0.98 in specific ranges. The prediction model of the carbon sequestration potential was adjusted with microbiological and mineralogical variables from Vis-NIR-SWIR and the Mid-IR spectral range. A SARAR double autoregressive model was adjusted with r 0.61 and to a spatial error model (SEM) with r 0.7. The explanatory variables were associated with kaolinite, hematite, goethite, gibbsite, and the abundance of fungi, actinomycetes, vesico-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, enzymatic activity of beta-glucosidase, urease and phosphatase, and POM. Among the microbiological variables, the general abundance of fungi was the most important, in contrast to enzymatic activity that was the least important. The interaction between the different maps constructed and historical land use allowed the identification of areas that contribute to sequestering new carbon and could be the key to climate change mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Soledad Rodríguez-Albarracín
- Departament of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - José A M Demattê
- Departament of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - Nícolas Augusto Rosin
- Departament of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - Merilyn Taynara Accorsi Amorim
- Departament of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - Aquiles Enrique Darghan Contreras
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agronomy, National University of Colombia, Carrera 30 núm. 45-03, Building 500, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
| | - Fernando Dini Andreote
- Departament of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Tadeu Fim Rosas
- Departament of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil.
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He H, Peng M, Hou Z, Li J. Unlike chemical fertilizer reduction, organic fertilizer substitution increases soil organic carbon stock and soil fertility in wheat fields. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2798-2808. [PMID: 38029351 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improvements in farmland soil organic carbon (SOC) stock enhance crop yield and soil fertility while mitigating climate change. Rational fertilization in agricultural production is crucial for safeguarding SOC stock. In this study, field experiments were conducted with different ratios of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer substitution for three consecutive years (2018-2020) to explore their effects and interlinkages on SOC fractions, soil properties and SOC stock. RESULTS The results showed that organic fertilizer substitution increased SOC and its fractions content, SOC stock (by 3.98-12.98% and 7.15-18.13%) and soil fertility index (by 11.76-49.26% and 33.33-91.47%) compared to conventional fertilization in 2019 and 2020, while chemical fertilizer reduction had the opposite effect. Moreover, soil properties (except total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratio, N/P) and SOC fractions significantly affected SOC stock, with SOC fractions contributing more than soil properties. The high sensitivity of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) can indicate changes in soil carbon pool. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that organic fertilizer substitution increased SOC content and stock by increasing SOC fractions [recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) and labile organic carbon (LOC) fractions] content and soil fertility. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed the corresponding mechanisms of the two fertilization modes affecting SOC stock changes. The use of organic fertilizer substitution is recommended to increase SOC stocks and soil fertility in wheat fields. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Mengwen Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhenan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, P. R. China
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Shamshitov A, Kadžienė G, Supronienė S. The Role of Soil Microbial Consortia in Sustainable Cereal Crop Residue Management. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:766. [PMID: 38592825 PMCID: PMC10974107 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The global escalation in cereal production, essential to meet growing population demands, simultaneously augments the generation of cereal crop residues, estimated annually at approximately 3107 × 106 Mg/year. Among different crop residue management approaches, returning them to the soil can be essential for various ecological benefits, including nutrient recycling and soil carbon sequestration. However, the recalcitrant characteristics of cereal crop residues pose significant challenges in their management, particularly in the decomposition rate. Therefore, in this review, we aim to summarize the influence of different agricultural practices on enhancing soil microbial decomposer communities, thereby effectively managing cereal crop residues. Moreover, this manuscript provides indirect estimates of cereal crop residue production in Northern Europe and Lithuania, and highlights the diverse roles of lignocellulolytic microorganisms in the decomposition process, with a particular focus on enzymatic activities. This review bridges the knowledge gap and indicates future research directions concerning the influence of agricultural practices on cereal crop residue-associated microbial consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Shamshitov
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania;
| | - Gražina Kadžienė
- Department of Soil and Crop Management, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania
| | - Skaidrė Supronienė
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania;
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Sharma S, Kumawat KC, Kaur P, Kaur S, Gupta N. Crop residue heterogeneity: Decomposition by potential indigenous ligno-cellulolytic microbes and enzymatic profiling. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 6:100227. [PMID: 38444877 PMCID: PMC10912851 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuous depletion of fossil resources, energy-crisis and environmental pollution has gained popularity for careful selection of suitable microbial consortium to efficiently decompose crop residue and facilitate nutrient cycling. While crop residue is commonly incorporated into soil, the impact of the heterogeneity of residue on decomposition and biological mechanisms involved in extracellular carbon (C) cycle related enzyme activities remain not fully understood. To address this problem, an incubation study was conducted on chemical heterogeneity of straw and root residue with indigenous ligno-cellulolytic microbial consortium on extracellular enzymes as their activity is crucial for making in-situ residue management decisions under field condition. The activity of extracellular enzymes in different substrates showed differential variation with the type of enzyme and ranged from 16.9 to 77.6 µg mL-1, 135.7 to 410.8 µg mL-1, 66.9 to 177.1 µg mL-1 and 42.1 to 160.9 µg mL-1 for cellulase, xylanase, laccase and lignin peroxidase, respectively. Extracellular enzyme activities were sensitive to heterogeneity of biochemical constituent's present in straw and root residues and enhanced the decomposition processes with indigenous ligno-cellulolytic microbial consortium (Bacillus altitudinis, Streptomyces flavomacrosporus and Aspergillus terreus). Correlation matrix elucidated A. terreus and B. altitudinis as potential indigenous ligno-cellulolytic microbial inoculant influencing soil enzymatic activity (p < 0.001). This research work demonstrates a substantial impact of chemically diverse crop residues on the decomposition of both straw and root. It also highlights the pivotal role played by key indigenous decomposers and interactions between different microorganisms in governing the decomposition of straw and root primarily through release of extracellular enzyme. Consequently, it is novel bio-emerging strategy suggested that incorporation of the crop residues under field conditions should be carried out in conjunction with the potential indigenous ligno-cellulolytic microbial consortium for efficient decomposition in the short period of time under sustainable agriculture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - Kailash Chand Kumawat
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
- Department of Industrial Microbiology, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211007, India
| | - Paawan Kaur
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - Sukhjinder Kaur
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
| | - Nihar Gupta
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
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de Carvalho AM, Ramos MLG, Dos Santos DCR, de Oliveira AD, de Carvalho Mendes I, Silva SB, de Sousa TR, Dantas RDA, Silva AMM, Marchão RL. Understanding the Relations between Soil Biochemical Properties and N 2O Emissions in a Long-Term Integrated Crop-Livestock System. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:365. [PMID: 38337898 PMCID: PMC10857650 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Edaphoclimatic conditions influence nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural systems where soil biochemical properties play a key role. This study addressed cumulative N2O emissions and their relations with soil biochemical properties in a long-term experiment (26 years) with integrated crop-livestock farming systems fertilized with two P and K rates. The farming systems consisted of continuous crops fertilized with half of the recommended P and K rates (CCF1), continuous crops at the recommended P and K rates (CCF2), an integrated crop-livestock system with half of the recommended P and K rates (ICLF1), and an integrated crop-livestock at the recommended P and K rates (ICLF2). The ICLF2 may have promoted the greatest entry of carbon into the soil and positively influenced the soil's biochemical properties. Total carbon (TC) was highest in ICLF2 in both growing seasons. The particulate and mineral-associated fractions in 2016 and 2017, respectively, and the microbial biomass fraction in the two growing seasons were also very high. Acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase in ICLF1 and ICLF2 were highest in 2016. The soil properties correlated with cumulative N2O emissions were TC, total nitrogen (TN), particulate nitrogen (PN), available nitrogen (AN), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). The results indicated that ICLF2 induces an accumulation of more stable organic matter (OM) fractions that are unavailable to the microbiota in the short term and result in lower N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Lucrécia Gerosa Ramos
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-970, Brazil; (D.C.R.D.S.); (S.B.S.); (T.R.d.S.)
| | - Divina Cléia Resende Dos Santos
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-970, Brazil; (D.C.R.D.S.); (S.B.S.); (T.R.d.S.)
| | | | - Ieda de Carvalho Mendes
- Embrapa Cerrados, BR-020, Km 18, Planaltina 73310-970, Brazil; (A.D.d.O.); (I.d.C.M.); (R.d.A.D.); (R.L.M.)
| | - Stefany Braz Silva
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-970, Brazil; (D.C.R.D.S.); (S.B.S.); (T.R.d.S.)
| | - Thais Rodrigues de Sousa
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-970, Brazil; (D.C.R.D.S.); (S.B.S.); (T.R.d.S.)
| | - Raíssa de Araujo Dantas
- Embrapa Cerrados, BR-020, Km 18, Planaltina 73310-970, Brazil; (A.D.d.O.); (I.d.C.M.); (R.d.A.D.); (R.L.M.)
| | | | - Robélio Leandro Marchão
- Embrapa Cerrados, BR-020, Km 18, Planaltina 73310-970, Brazil; (A.D.d.O.); (I.d.C.M.); (R.d.A.D.); (R.L.M.)
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Li B, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Dang P, Farooq TH, Wu X, Wang J, Yan W. Effects of Vegetation Restoration on Soil Nitrogen Fractions and Enzyme Activities in Arable Land on Purple Soil Slopes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4188. [PMID: 38140514 PMCID: PMC10747705 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Purple soils are greatly representative of ecologically fragile soils in southern China, yet the impact of vegetation restoration processes on the nitrogen (N) availability in purple soil ecosystems is still unclear. In this study, the soil nutrient content, available N fractions (including microbial biomass N (MBN), ammonium N (NH4+-N), nitrate N (NO3--N), and total dissolved N (TDN)), and enzyme activities (including urease (URE), nitrate reductase (NR), and nitrite reductase (NIR)) involved in N mineralization and immobilization were investigated across the three vegetation-restoration measures: Camellia oleifera monoculture, Camellia oleifera ryegrass intercropping, and Camellia oleifera intercropping with weeds. The results showed that the Camellia oleifera monoculture mode considerably enhanced the accumulation and availability of soil N and modified the proportion of available N fractions in arable land situated on purple soil slopes, compared to the intercropping mode, the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of soil demonstrated more pronounced effects due to the Camellia oleifera monoculture vegetation-restoration measures. However, soil nutrient loss is faster on set-aside land and in crop monocultures, and intercropping restoration measures are more beneficial for soil and water conservation under timely fertilization conditions. The soil URE, NR, and NIR activities and MBN content in the Camellia oleifera monoculture model were significantly higher than in the control check sample. Soil N transformation occurs through the combined influence of chemical and biological processes. The relationships between the activities of the three soil enzymes studied and the contents of various components of soil nutrients and effective N displayed significant differences. Notably, URE had a highly significant positive correlation with TOC. There is a strong positive correlation between NR and TN, NIR and TDN, NO3--N, and NH4+-N. Our findings suggest that vegetation restoration improved the soil N availability and its enzyme activities in purple soils, making an essential contribution to the restoration and sustainability of purple soil ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Peng Dang
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Taimoor Hassan Farooq
- Bangor College China, A Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
- Lutou National Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Forest Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
| | - Wende Yan
- Technology in Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (B.L.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Y.); (P.D.); (X.W.)
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Mir YH, Ganie MA, Shah TI, Bangroo SA, Mir SA, Shah AM, Wani FJ, Qin A, Rahman SU. Soil microbial and enzyme activities in different land use systems of the Northwestern Himalayas. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15993. [PMID: 37780386 PMCID: PMC10540776 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial activity (SMA) is vital concerning carbon cycling, and its functioning is recognized as the primary factor in modifying soil carbon storage potential. The composition of the microbial community (MC) is significant in sustaining environmental services because the structure and activity of MC also influence nutrient turnover, distribution, and the breakdown rate of soil organic matter. SMA is an essential predictor of soil quality alterations, and microbiome responsiveness is imperative in addressing the escalating sustainability concerns in the Himalayan ecosystem. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of soil microbial and enzyme activities to land conversions in the Northwestern Himalayas (NWH), India. Soil samples were collected from five land use systems (LUSs), including forest, pasture, apple, saffron, and paddy-oilseed, up to a depth of 90 cm. The results revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in terms of dehydrogenase (9.97-11.83 TPF µg g-1 day-1), acid phosphatase (22.40-48.43 µg P-NP g-1 h-1), alkaline phosphatase (43.50-61.35 µg P-NP g-1 h-1), arylsulphatase (36.33-48.12 µg P-NP g-1 h-1), fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (12.18-21.59 µg g-1 h-1), bacterial count (67.67-123.33 CFU × 106 g-1), fungal count (19.33-67.00 CFU × 105 g-1), and actinomycetes count (12.00-42.33 CFU × 104 g-1), with the highest and lowest levels in forest soils and paddy-oilseed soils, respectively. Soil enzyme activities and microbial counts followed a pattern: forest > pasture > apple > saffron > paddy-oilseed at all three depths. Paddy-oilseed soils exhibited up to 35% lower enzyme activities than forest soils, implying that land conversion facilitates the depletion of microbiome diversity from surface soils. Additionally, reductions of 49.80% and 62.91% were observed in enzyme activity and microbial counts, respectively, with soil depth (from 0-30 to 60-90 cm). Moreover, the relationship analysis (principal component analysis and correlation) revealed a high and significant (p = 0.05) association between soil microbial and enzyme activities and physicochemical attributes. These results suggest that land conversions need to be restricted to prevent microbiome depletion, reduce the deterioration of natural resources, and ensure the sustainability of soil health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Hanif Mir
- Division of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Wadura, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mumtaz Ahmad Ganie
- Division of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Wadura, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tajamul Islam Shah
- Division of Soil Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shabir Ahmed Bangroo
- Division of Soil Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shakeel Ahmad Mir
- Division of Soil Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aanisa Manzoor Shah
- Division of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Wadura, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Fehim Jeelani Wani
- Division of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Wadura, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Anzhen Qin
- Institute of Farmland Irrigation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shafeeq Ur Rahman
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China
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Lu Z, Zhou Y, Li Y, Li C, Lu M, Sun X, Luo Z, Zhao J, Fan M. Effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure on the activity of enzyme and soil bacterial communities in the mountain red soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1234904. [PMID: 37736094 PMCID: PMC10509364 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1234904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure takes on a critical significance to enhancing soil quality and boosting sustainable agricultural development. However, rare research has studied the effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure on soil bacterial community diversity and enzyme activity in maize field in the mountain red soil region of Yunnan. Methods In this study, four treatments were set up in which chemical fertilizer (the application rates of N, P2O5 and K2O were 240, 75 and 75 kg·ha-1, respectively) was substituted by 10% (M10), 20% (M20), 30% (M30) and 40% (M40) of organic manure with equal nitrogen, as well as two control treatments of single application of chemical fertilizer (M0) and no fertilization (CK). The maize (Zea mays L.) crop was sown as a test crop in May 2018. The effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure on soil physicochemical properties, soil bacterial community diversity and enzyme activity were studied. Results The activities of Cellulase (CBH), Invertase (INV) and β-glucosidase (BG) increased with the increase of organic manure substitution ratio. The activities of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), Urease (URE), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) also had the same trend, but the highest activities were 159.92 mg·g-1·h-1, 66.82 mg·g-1·h-1 and 143.90 mg·g-1·h-1 at 30% substitution ratio. Compared with CK and M0 treatments, Shannon index increased notably by 82.91%-116.74% and 92.42%-128.01%, respectively, at the organic manure substitution ratio ranging from 10% to 40%. Chao1 and ACE index increased significantly at the organic manure substitution ratio ranging from 10% to 30%. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in all treatments, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased as the organic manure substitution ratio increased. Redundancy analysis showed that microbial biomass C was the main factor affecting the bacterial community composition under partial replacement of chemical fertilizer treatment, while Actinobacteria was the main factor affecting the enzyme activity. In addition, the maize yield of M30 and M40 treatments was significantly higher than that of CK and M0-M20 treatments, and the yield of M30 treatment was the highest, reaching 7652.89 kg·ha-1. Conclusion Therefore, the partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic manure can improve soil biological characteristics, while increasing bacterial community diversity and soil enzyme activity. Therefore, a thirty percent organic manure substitution was determined as the optimal substitution ratio for maize farmland in the mountain red soil area of Yunnan, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerang Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chunpei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhizhang Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jixia Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Maopan Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Reyes-Martín MP, Fernández-Ondoño E, Ortiz-Bernad I, Abreu MM. Influence of Intensive and Super-Intensive Olive Grove Management on Soil Quality-Nutrients Content and Enzyme Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2779. [PMID: 37570933 PMCID: PMC10421087 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soil quality is an issue that has been widely debated in the literature in recent decades. Three olive grove areas (one in Lisbon and the others in Santarém, Portugal) with different management techniques (intensive and super-intensive) were selected. Nutrient concentrations and enzyme activities of soils were determined, as well as the C and N of litter and pruning waste (mulch) to estimate the influence of management techniques on the quality of olive grove soils and to assess the extent to which they are affected by organic covers and different cultivation intensities. Organic C and total N concentrations in soils of the intensive olive grove in Lisbon were the highest when compared with those in the intensive and super-intensive olive groves soils of Santarém. The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, and K were the main differences between the Lisbon olive groves and the other two from Santarém. Phosphatase, cellulase, and urease activities were related to the Na, extractable K, extractable P, Zn, Mn, organic C, and total N soil concentrations. Soil management and agricultural practices are determining factors for these enzymatic activities of Santarém olive groves, although climate conditions and soil properties play an important role in the soil enzymatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Pedro Reyes-Martín
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.F.-O.); (I.O.-B.)
| | - Emilia Fernández-Ondoño
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.F.-O.); (I.O.-B.)
| | - Irene Ortiz-Bernad
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Av. de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (E.F.-O.); (I.O.-B.)
| | - Maria Manuela Abreu
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;
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Wang L, Hamel C, Lu P, Wang J, Sun D, Wang Y, Lee SJ, Gan GY. Using enzyme activities as an indicator of soil fertility in grassland - an academic dilemma. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1175946. [PMID: 37484467 PMCID: PMC10360189 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1175946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Grasslands play an important role in conserving natural biodiversity and providing ecosystem functions and services for societies. Soil fertility is an important property in grassland, and the monitoring of soil fertility can provide crucial information to optimize ecosystem productivity and sustainability. Testing various soil physiochemical properties related to fertility usually relies on traditional measures, such as destructive sampling, pre-test treatments, labor-intensive procedures, and costly laboratory measurements, which are often difficult to perform. However, soil enzyme activity reflecting the intensity of soil biochemical reactions is a reliable indicator of soil properties and thus enzyme assays could be an efficient alternative to evaluate soil fertility. Here, we review the latest research on the features and functions of enzymes catalyzing the biochemical processes that convert organic materials to available plant nutrients, increase soil carbon and nutrient cycling, and enhance microbial activities to improve soil fertility. We focus on the complex relationships among soil enzyme activities and functions, microbial biomass, physiochemical properties, and soil/crop management practices. We highlight the biochemistry of enzymes and the rationale for using enzyme activities to indicate soil fertility. Finally, we discuss the limits and disadvantages of the potential new molecular tool and provide suggestions to improve the reliability and feasibility of the proposed alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chantal Hamel
- Soil Microbiology Scientist, Commerciale, Rivière-à-Pierre, QC, Canada
| | - Peina Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junying Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandi Sun
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijia Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Soon-Jae Lee
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gary Y. Gan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ecological Treatment Technology of Urban Water Pollution, Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Tideland Reclamation and Ecological Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Agroecosystems, the uBC-Soil Group, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Mutio JM, Kebeney S, Njoroge R, Churu H, Ng'etich W, Mugaa D, Alkamoi B, Wamalwa F. Effect of land rehabilitation measures on soil organic carbon fractions in semi-arid environment. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1095865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil erosion threatens the sustainable intensification of food systems among smallholder farmers in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs). Intensifying adoption of soil mitigation and rehabilitation measures is thus needed urgently in these ASALs, but scaling up these measures depends on scientific evidence of their contributions to key components of sustainable intensification such as soil organic carbon. However, there is no information on how existing mitigation and rehabilitation measures influence soil carbon fractions and carbon management indices in ASALs. This study evaluated the influence of soil erosion mitigation and rehabilitation measures on soil carbon fractions and management indices in Arenic Lixisols of semi-arid environments in West Pokot County, Kenya. We evaluated different vegetation types (maize-beans intercrop and pastures) with and without two locally developed terrace designs for soil conservation (Fanya Juu and Fanya Chini). Combining terracing with annual cropping significantly increased total organic carbon (TOC). The highest TOC (13 g C kg−1) was recorded in pasturelands with terraces while degraded land with no intervention was found to have the lowest TOC (6.0 g C kg−1). Terraced farms with longer residence time (>4 years old) had significantly higher organic carbon than (<4 years old). Other soil properties remained stable with terrace age (1–5 years). Labile SOC and non-labile SOC differed significantly within and across vegetation types with or without terraces (p < 0.05). Pasture and crop systems with terraces had high labile SOC content of 5.9 g C kg−1 and 7.2 g C kg−1, respectively. Labile SOC followed the TOC trend with terrace age, i.e., increasing from 1 year to 5 years old. Combined pasture and terraces had a significantly higher carbon management index (CMI) of 161.7, or 14 times the CMI found in degraded systems with no interventions and 1.5 times the combined crop system with terraces. CMI was also directly correlated with residence time terraces had stayed in the crop system, increasing from 1 year to 5 years old. Contrary to CMI and other indices, the weighted enrichment ratio was found to inversely correlate with age of terrace. Improvement of carbon content and CMI resulted from restorative measures and likely improved soil quality and ecosystem functions. Although terraces play a significant role in the restoration of degraded soils as indicated by the above-mentioned changes, they are most beneficial when used in combination with croplands because of the high level of disturbance and flows of both inputs and outputs of carbon for these croplands.
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Effects of continuous straw returning on bacterial community structure and enzyme activities in rape-rice soil aggregates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2357. [PMID: 36759519 PMCID: PMC9911641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Straw returning is an effective management measure to improve or maintain soil fertility in agricultural ecosystems. This study investigated the effects of straw returning combined with compound fertilizer on the bacterial community, enzyme activities, and soil nutrients' contents in a rape-rice rotation soil aggregates. To do so, a 5-year field trial (November 2016 to October 2021) was carried out in a paddy soil with three treatments: no straw + no fertilization (CK), compound fertilizer (F), and straw returning + compound fertilizer (SF). Soil aggregates were classified into mega-aggregates (> 2 mm), macro-aggregates (0.25-2 mm), micro-aggregates (0.053-0.25 mm), and silt-clay (< 0.053 mm) using the wet sieve method. High-throughput sequencing was employed to characterize the bacterial community, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to identify the relationships among bacterial community, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and enzyme activities in soil aggregates. Compared with F, the results showed that straw returning increased the content of > 2 mm aggregates by 3.17% and significantly decreased the content of 0.053-0.25 mm aggregates by 20.27%. The contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in > 0.053 mm straw amended aggregates increased by 15.29 and 18.25%, respectively. Straw returning significantly increased the urease activity of > 0.053 mm aggregates with an average of 43.08%, while it decreased the phosphatase and invertase activities of soil aggregates by 7.71-40.66%. The Shannon indices of the bacterial community in each particle sizes soil aggregates decreased by an average of 1.16% and the Chao indices of the bacterial community in < 2 mm aggregates increased by an average of 3.90% in straw amended soils. Nevertheless, the relative abundances of Chloroflexi and Nitrospirotain in all soil aggregates increased by 6.17-71.77% in straw amended soils. Altogether, our findings suggest that straw returning is an efficient approach to enhance soil structure, carbon and nitrogen contents, and the richness of soil bacterial diversity.
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Qiu H, Liu J, Boorboori MR, Li D, Chen S, Ma X, Cheng P, Zhang H. Effect of biochar application rate on changes in soil labile organic carbon fractions and the association between bacterial community assembly and carbon metabolism with time. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158876. [PMID: 36152866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar aging affects the stability of soil carbon. Analyzing the effect of biochar on soil organic carbon (SOC) forms and their relations with microbial community assembly and carbon metabolism with time is helpful for soil carbon sequestration (by adapting the farm management approach). Four treatments with no, low, medium, and high biochar application rates (0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 4 % of the total dry weight of topsoil before winter wheat planting, abbreviated as control, LB, MB, and HB, respectively) were conducted in the field. The SOC and particulate organic carbon positively correlated with the biochar application rate. Biochar decreased readily oxidizable carbon (P < 0.05) after 8 months of application compared to the control; however, the difference disappeared with time. Biochar increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) but had no effect on water- soluble organic carbon (WSOC); DOC and WSOC decreased with time. Furthermore, LB and HB stabilized the bacterial alpha diversities with time. Based on high-throughput sequencing, HB reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota but increased that of Acidobacteria (P < 0.05) after 12 months of biochar application. Time-wise, the bacterial community assembly was determined by deterministic processes that were significantly affected by the available nitrogen, DOC, or WSOC. Compared with the control, biochar decreased bacterial links and improved bacterial metabolism of phenolic acids and polymers with time, as evidenced by Biolog EcoPlates. Structural equation modeling revealed that the contribution of bacterial assembly processes to carbon metabolism changed with time. Microbial carbon metabolism was most positively influenced by differences in the composition of bacterial specialists. These findings reinforced that changes in soil labile organic carbon were time-dependent but not necessarilty affected by the biochar application rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husen Qiu
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Jieyun Liu
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China.
| | - Mohammad Reza Boorboori
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - De Li
- Suzhou Meteorological Bureau of Anhui, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Xun Ma
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China; Research Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation of Tuohe River Basin, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China
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Soil microbes and associated extracellular enzymes largely impact nutrient bioavailability in acidic and nutrient poor grassland ecosystem soils. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12601. [PMID: 35871260 PMCID: PMC9308775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16949-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of soil microbes and their associated extracellular enzymes in long-term grassland experiments presents an opportunity for testing relevant ecological questions on grassland nutrient dynamics and functioning. Veld fertilizer trials initiated in 1951 in South Africa were used to assess soil functional microbial diversity and their metabolic activities in the nutrient-poor grassland soils. Phosphorus and liming trials used for this specific study comprised of superphosphate (336 kg ha−1) and dolomitic lime (2250 kg ha−1) (P + L), superphosphate (336 kg ha−1) (+ P) and control trials. These soils were analyzed for their nutrient concentrations, pH, total cations and exchange acidity, microflora and extracellular enzyme activities. The analysed soil characteristics showed significant differences except nitrogen (N) and organic carbon (C) concentrations showing no significant differences. P-solubilizing, N-cycling and N-fixing microbial diversity varied among the different soil treatments. β-glucosaminidase enzyme activity was high in control soils compared to P-fertilized and limed soils. Alkaline phosphatase showed increased activity in P-fertilized soils, whereas acid phosphatase showed increased activity in control soils. Therefore, the application of superphosphate and liming influences the relative abundance of bacterial communities with nutrient cycling and fixing functions which account for nutrient bioavailability in acidic and nutrient stressed grassland ecosystem soils.
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He H, Peng M, Ru S, Hou Z, Li J. A suitable organic fertilizer substitution ratio could improve maize yield and soil fertility with low pollution risk. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:988663. [PMID: 36172558 PMCID: PMC9511403 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.988663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic fertilizer substitution (OFS) is an effective strategy for reducing the chemical fertilizer usage; however, the effects of different OFS ratios (OFSRs) on maize yield, soil fertility, and heavy metal pollution risk are still unclear. Therefore, determining a suitable OFSR is important. Through the pot experiment, no fertilizer (CK) and organic fertilizer substituting 0% (CF, chemical fertilizer alone), 8% (OF8), 16% (OF16), and 24% (OF24) of the chemical N fertilizer were set to investigate the effects of different OFSRs on maize growth and yield, soil properties (available nutrients, carbon fractions, and carbon pool indices), and nutrients and heavy metals in grain and soil. The results showed that OF8, OF16, and OF24 improved soil fertility by increasing soil organic carbon (SOC, by 10.05-16.26%) and its fractions, most middle- and micro-nutrients content, and carbon pool management index (CPMI, by 17.45-30.31%) compared with CF, while improving grain nutritional quality. However, they increased heavy metals content in grain and soil and their Nemerow comprehensive pollution index (NCPI, by 4.06-16.56% in grain and 2.55-5.57% in soil) but did not cause pollution. Among them, throughout the growth period, only OF8 treatment increased soil available nitrogen (AN), phosphorus (AP), and potassium (AK) content by 3.04-11.15%, 7.11-8.05%, and 0.12-6.05%, respectively, compared with CF, which thus significantly promoted maize growth and increased yield (by 35.65%); the NCPI of grain and soil was however lower than that OF16 and OF24. In conclusion, substitution ratio of 8% was considered ideal for promoting maize growth, improving yield and soil fertility, with a low pollution risk. The results of this study would aid in guiding the scientific application of OFS technology to agricultural production, thereby contributing to resource utilization of organic waste and sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Mengwen Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Sibo Ru
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhenan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Junhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Norgbey E, Murava RT, Rajasekar A, Huang Q, Zhou J, Robinson S. Effects of anthropogenic nitrogen additions and elevated CO 2 on microbial community, carbon and nitrogen content in a replicated wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:575. [PMID: 35821345 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic deposition of nitrogen (N) and elevated CO2 (eaCO2) are expected to increase continuously and rapidly in the near future and influence global carbon cycling. These parameters affect the ecosystem by regulating the microbial community and contribute to soil organic matter decomposition. The study was performed to understand the effects of N additions (4 and 6mgl-1) and eaCO2 (700 ppm) on carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) content in the soil, microbial community, and plant biomass (Alternanthera philoxeroides species). The results showed that when the atmospheric CO2 concentration was raised, the total organic carbon (TOC) in the soil statistically increased (P < 0.05) by 4% and 3% under low and high N additions respectively, while the inorganic carbon content also increased by 1% and 3% (P > 0.05) under the same conditions. The increase in the soil TOC content was a result of the movement of carbon from water to the soil due to the presence of vascular tissues of plants in the water. The redundancy analysis (RDA) results revealed that the presence of plant species was responsible for the carbon content increment in the soil. The plant biomass content increased by 30.96% (P = 0.081) and 31.36%, (P = 0.002) under low and high N addition respectively due to the increment in atmospheric CO2. The nitrogen content in the plant species decreased (p > 0.05) by 8.62% and 6.25% at low and high N addition respectively when atmospheric CO2 was raised. This suggests that soil microbes competed with the plants for inorganic nitrogen in the soil and the microbes used up the inorganic nitrogen before it got to the plants. The gram-positive bacteria and fungi population decreased under high N addition and eaCO2 while gram-negative bacteria increased, suggesting that N additions and eaCO2 affected the microbial function and correlated with the nitrogen reduction in the soil. The results from this study serve as a guide to researchers and stakeholders in making policies with regard to the constant increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyram Norgbey
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
- NUIST Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
- Soil Research Centre, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK.
| | - Raphinos Tackmore Murava
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- NUIST Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Adharsh Rajasekar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
- NUIST Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- NUIST Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information, Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Steve Robinson
- Soil Research Centre, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
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Chagas JKM, Figueiredo CCD, Ramos MLG. Biochar increases soil carbon pools: Evidence from a global meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 305:114403. [PMID: 34991026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a carbon-rich material that increases soil C sequestration and mitigates climate change. However, due to the variability of experimental conditions, types of biochar and soil, the influence of biochar on the accumulation of different soil carbon fractions remains unclear. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed that included 586 paired comparisons obtained from 169 studies conducted in various countries around the globe. The data set average showed significant relative increases of 64.3, 84.3, 20.1, 22.9 and 42.1% for total C, organic C, microbial biomass C, labile C and fulvic acid, respectively. The dissolved organic C, humic acid and humin fractions showed no significant variations. The relative increase in TC was favored by increasing biochar rates applied to fine-textured soils with low C content in temperate climate regions seen through short-term experiments conducted under controlled conditions. This behavior was different for each soil C fraction. Therefore, variations between experimental conditions, types of biochar and soil show that it is necessary to consider multiple factors when choosing the conditions of biochar use to maximize C sequestration in the soil and/or the increase of labile C fractions in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Kenedy Moura Chagas
- Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, 70910-970, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Liu YX, Pan YQ, Yang L, Ahmad S, Zhou XB. Stover return and nitrogen application affect soil organic carbon and nitrogen in a double-season maize field. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:387-395. [PMID: 34866298 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cultivation techniques have an important influence on grain yield of maize. This experiment investigated the effect of stover return (SR) and different nitrogen (N) application rate on soil organic carbon (SOC) composition, soil nutrient and maize yield. Different nitrogen application rate 100 (N100), 150 (N150), 200 (N200), 250 (N250) or 300 (N300) kg ha-1 applied to the maize field with stover return and without stover return traditional planting (TP) method. Nitrogen application rate and stover return affected the SOC, labile organic carbon (LOC), microbial biomass (MBC), NO3 - -N, NH4 + -N and maize yield. Soil N, soil carbon content and maize yield of SR were all higher than TP. The SOC content of SR and TP were 9.67 and 9.19 g kg-1 , respectively. Nitrogen application was significantly and positively correlated with soil MBC, LOC, SOC, NO3 - -N, NH4 + -N and yield. The maximum values of SOC composition, soil nutrients and maize yield were reached at SR with 250 kg ha-1 . Stover return with application of N 250 kg ha-1 significantly increased the growth attribute and maize yield in subtropical region compared with traditional planting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Liu
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Y Q Pan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - L Yang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - S Ahmad
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - X B Zhou
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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Lv C, Saba T, Wang J, Hui W, Liu W, Fan J, Wu J, Liu X, Gong W. Conversion effects of farmland to Zanthoxylum bungeanum plantations on soil organic carbon mineralization in the arid valley of the upper reaches of Yangtze River, China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262961. [PMID: 35120155 PMCID: PMC8815984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Farmland conversion to forest is considered to be one of the effective measures to mitigate climate change. However, the impact of farmland conversion to forest land or grassland on soil CO2 emission in arid areas is unclear due to the lack of comparative information on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization of different conversion types. The SOC mineralization in 0-100 cm soil layer in farmland (FL), abandoned land (AL) and different ages (including 8, 15, 20 and 28 years) of Zanthoxylum bungeanum plantations were measured by laboratory incubation. The size and decomposition rate of fast pool (Cf) and slow pool (Cs) in different land-use types and soil layers were estimated by double exponential model. The results showed that: 1) Farmland conversion increased the cumulative CO2-C release (Cmin) and SOC mineralization efficiency, and those indexes in AL were higher than that in Z. bungeanum plantations. The Cmin and SOC mineralization efficiency of 0-100 cm soil increased with the ages of Z. bungeanum plantation. Both Cmin and SOC mineralization efficiency decreased with the increase of soil depth; 2) Both soil Cf and Cs increased after farmland converted to Z. bungeanum plantations and AL. The Cs in the same soil layer increased with the ages of Z. bungeanum plantation, and the Cf showed a "V" type with the increased ages of Z. bungeanum plantation. The Cf and Cs decreased with the increase of soil depth in all land-use types; 3) Farmland conversion increased the decomposition rate of Cf (k1) in all soil layer by 0.008-0.143 d-1 and 0.082-0.148 d-1 in Z. bungeanum plantations and AL, respectively. The k1 was obviously higher in the 0-20 cm soil layer than that in other soil layers, while the decomposition rate of Cs (k2) was not affected by FL conversion and soil depth; and 4) The initial soil chemical properties and enzyme activity affected SOC mineralization, especially the concentrations of total organic nitrogen (TON), SOC, easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). It indicated that the conversion of farmland to Z. bungeanum plantations and AL increases SOC mineralization, especially in deeper soils, and it increased with the ages. The conversion of farmland to Z. bungeanum plantation is the optimal measure when the potential C sequestration of plant-soil system were taken in consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lv
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tahseen Saba
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenkai Hui
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiangtao Fan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Xu C, Wang J, Wu D, Li C, Wang L, Ji C, Zhang Y, Ai Y. Optimizing organic amendment applications to enhance carbon sequestration and economic benefits in an infertile sandy soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 303:114129. [PMID: 34838380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of the agricultural, ecological, and economic benefits of organic amendment (OA) application in infertile soils is crucial for facilitating agricultural sustainability. We conducted a three-year field study to evaluate the effects of OA application on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, crop yields, and the net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB) in a typical infertile sandy soil (with an initial SOC content of 2.56 g kg-1) of the ancient Yellow River alluvial plain. In addition to the control (CK; non-OA application), two types of OAs, namely, manure-based organic fertilizer (M) and spent mushroom residue (MR), were each applied at 12, 24, and 36 Mg ha-1 yr-1. Two scenarios of OA application practices, namely, conventional manual OA application (AMA) and mechanical OA application (AME), were considered in the economic evaluation. An increase of 1 g kg-1 SOC content could improve the crop yield by 2.25 Mg ha-1 yr-1. Compared with the CK, the application of OAs enhanced the SOC content and SOC stock by 14.6%-39.8% and 8.5%-28.2%, respectively. However, the SOC sequestration efficiency of the OAs tended to decrease under high rates of OA application. MR was observed to have greater potential than M in sequestering SOC and promoting soil aggregates. OA-induced SOC sequestration could neutralize 36.6%-97.8% of greenhouse gas emissions, which resulted in a reduction in the global warming potential and its cost by 0.62-2.68 Mg CO2-eq ha-1 yr-1 and 15.46-65.78 CNY ha-1 yr-1, respectively. Nevertheless, in terms of the NEEB, the benefits of OA application on crop yield and SOC sequestration were largely offset by the increased material and labor costs. Compared with AMA, AME could save 10%-27% of agricultural costs. The AME of MR at a rate of 24 Mg ha-1 yr-1 achieved the highest NEEB. The results of this study suggest that a strategy involving the appropriate OA, optimal application rate, and cheapest incorporation cost for a specific individual soil should be adopted to achieve a sustainable solution for promoting crop productivity, enhancing SOC sequestration, and ensuring farmer income in infertile farming regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chuanzhe Li
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu, Huaian, 223001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yuchun Ai
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation of Jiangsu Province, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
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Land-Use Change Depletes Quantity and Quality of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Ethiopian Highlands. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The depletion of soil organic matter (SOM) reserve after deforestation and subsequent management practices are well documented, but the impacts of land-use change on the persistence and vulnerability of storage C and N remain uncertain. We investigated soil organic C (SOC) and N stocks in a landscape of chrono-sequence natural forest, grazing/crop lands and plantation forest in the highlands of North-West Ethiopia. We hypothesized that in addition to depleting total C and N pools, multiple conversions of natural forest significantly change the relative proportion of labile and recalcitrant C and N fractions in soils, and thus affect SOM quality. To examine this hypothesis, we estimated depletion of SOC and N stocks and labile (1 & 2) and recalcitrant (fraction 3) C and N pools in soil organic matter following the acid hydrolysis technique. Our studies showed the highest loss of C stock was in grazing land (58%) followed by cropland (50%) and eucalyptus plantation (47%), while on average ca. 57% N stock was depleted. Eucalyptus plantation exhibited potential for soil C recovery, although not for N, after 30 years. The fractionation of SOM revealed that depletions of labile 1 C stocks were similar in grazing and crop lands (36%), and loss of recalcitrant C was highest in grazing soil (56%). However, increases in relative concentrations of labile fraction 1 in grazing land and recalcitrant C and N in cropland suggest the quality of these pools might be influenced by management activities. Also, the C:N ratio of C fractions and recalcitrant indices (RIC and RIN) clearly demonstrated that land conversion from natural forest to managed systems changes the inherent quality of the fractions, which was obscured in whole soil analysis. These findings underscore the importance of considering the quality of SOM when evaluating disturbance impacts on SOC and N stocks.
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Labile organic carbon fractions drive soil microbial communities after long-term fertilization. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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