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Devrari V, Singh M. Quantum double slit experiment with reversible detection of photons. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20438. [PMID: 39227623 PMCID: PMC11372071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Principle of quantum superposition permits a photon to interfere with itself. As per the principle of causality, a photon must pass through the double-slit prior to its detection on the screen to exhibit interference. In this paper, a double-slit quantum interference experiment with reversible detection of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen quantum entangled photons is presented. Where a photon is first detected on a screen without passing through a double-slit, while the second photon is propagating towards the double-slit. A detection event on the screen cannot affect the second photon with any signal propagating at the speed of light, even after its passage through the double-slit. After the detection of the first photon on the screen, the second photon is either passed through the double-slit or diverted towards a stationary photon detector. Therefore, the question of whether the first photon carries the which-path information of the second photon in the double-slit is eliminated. No single photon interference is exhibited by the second photon, even if another screen is placed after the double-slit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Devrari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali, 140306, India
| | - Mandip Singh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali, 140306, India.
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Ayatollah Rafsanjani A, Kazemi M, Hosseinzadeh V, Golshani M. Non-local temporal interference. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3615. [PMID: 38351272 PMCID: PMC10864281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Although position and time have different mathematical roles in quantum mechanics, with one being an operator and the other being a parameter, there is a space-time duality in quantum phenomena-a lot of quantum phenomena that were first observed in the spatial domain were later observed in the temporal domain as well. In this context, we propose a modified version of the double-double-slit experiment using entangled atom pairs to observe a non-local interference in the arrival time distribution, which is analogous to the non-local interference observed in the arrival position distribution. However, computing the arrival time distribution in quantum mechanics is a challenging open problem, and so to overcome this problem we employ a Bohmian treatment. Based on this approach, we numerically demonstrate that there is a complementary relationship between the one-particle and two-particle interference visibilities in the arrival time distribution, which is analogous to the complementary relationship observed in the position distribution. These results can be used to test the Bohmian arrival time distribution in a strict manner, i.e., where the semiclassical approximation breaks down. Moreover, our approach to investigating this experiment can be applied to a wide range of phenomena, and it seems that the predicted non-local temporal interference and associated complementary relationship are universal behaviors of entangled quantum systems that may manifest in various phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ayatollah Rafsanjani
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Vahid Hosseinzadeh
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Golshani
- School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
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Gadanec LK, Swiderski J, Apostolopoulos V, Kelaidonis K, Vidali VP, Canko A, Moore GJ, Matsoukas JM, Zulli A. Existence of Quantum Pharmacology in Sartans: Evidence in Isolated Rabbit Iliac Arteries. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17559. [PMID: 38139391 PMCID: PMC10744031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum pharmacology introduces theoretical models to describe the possibility of ultra-high dilutions to produce biological effects, which may help to explain the placebo effect observed in hypertensive clinical trials. To determine this within physiology and to evaluate novel ARBs, we tested the ability of known angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (candesartan and telmisartan) used to treat hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, as well as novel ARBs (benzimidazole-N-biphenyl tetrazole (ACC519T), benzimidazole-bis-N,N'-biphenyl tetrazole (ACC519T(2)) and 4-butyl-N,N0-bis[[20-2Htetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl)imidazolium bromide (BV6(K+)2), and nirmatrelvir (the active ingredient in Paxlovid) to modulate vascular contraction in iliac rings from healthy male New Zealand White rabbits in responses to various vasopressors (angiotensin A, angiotensin II and phenylephrine). Additionally, the hemodynamic effect of ACC519T and telmisartan on mean arterial pressure in conscious rabbits was determined, while the ex vivo ability of BV6(K+)2 to activate angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) was also investigated. We show that commercially available and novel ARBs can modulate contraction responses at ultra-high dilutions to different vasopressors. ACC519T produced a dose-dependent reduction in rabbit mean arterial pressure while BV6(K+)2 significantly increased ACE2 metabolism. The ability of ARBs to inhibit contraction responses even at ultra-low concentrations provides evidence of the existence of quantum pharmacology. Furthermore, the ability of ACC519T and BV6(K+)2 to modulate blood pressure and ACE2 activity, respectively, indicates their therapeutic potential against hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (J.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Jordan Swiderski
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (J.S.); (V.A.)
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (J.S.); (V.A.)
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | | | - Veroniki P. Vidali
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi, 153 41 Athens, Greece; (V.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Aleksander Canko
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi, 153 41 Athens, Greece; (V.P.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Graham J. Moore
- Pepmetics Inc., 772 Murphy Place, Victoria, BC V6Y 3H4, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - John M. Matsoukas
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (J.S.); (V.A.)
- NewDrug PC, Patras Science Park, 26 504 Patras, Greece;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (L.K.G.); (J.S.); (V.A.)
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Liu P, Song XB, Aili M, Chen XX, Zhang AN. Double-slit interference experimental platform based on a Sagnac interferometer. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:4524-4529. [PMID: 37707146 DOI: 10.1364/ao.492342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we build a Young's double-slit experimental platform with adjustable multiparameters by inserting a single slit in a Sagnac interferometer. Our experiment proves that this platform can easily control the parameters related to double slits. In addition, a new, to the best of our knowledge, type of double-slit experiment is performed on the platform. Our approach provides a detailed conceptual and experimental analysis for wave-particle duality and will be useful for research on quantum optics.
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Cheng P, Kampmann R, Wang D, Sinzinger S, Schaaf P. Tailoring Patterned Visible-Light Scattering by Silicon Photonic Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:60319-60326. [PMID: 34890189 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Searching for the relationship between the nanostructure and optical properties has always been exciting the researchers in the field of optics (linear optics as well as non-linear optics), energy harvesting (anti-reflective Si solar cells, perovskite solar cells, ..., etc.), and industry (anti-reflection coating on car windows, sunglasses, etc.). In this work, we present an approach for nanostructuring the silicon substrate to silicon photonic crystals. By precisely controlling the etching time and etching path after using nanoimprint lithography, ordered arrays of inverted Si nanopyramids and Si nanopillars with good homogeneity, uniform surface roughness, high reproducibility of pattern transfer, and a controllable aspect ratio are prepared. Experimental investigation of the optical properties indicates that the reflections of these Si nanostructures are mainly determined by the aspect ratio as well as the period of nanostructures. Furthermore, we have experimentally observed visible-light scattering (V-LS) patterns on inverted Si nanopyramids and Si nanopillars, and their corresponding patterns can be precisely controlled by the patterned nanostructures. The V-LS pattern, background, and "ghost peaks" on the angle-resolved scattering results are caused by constructive interference, destructive interference, and the interference situation between both. This controllable nanopatterning on crystalline Si substrates with precisely tunable optical properties shows great potential for applications in many fields, for example, optics, electronics, and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Cheng
- Chair Materials for Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, TU Ilmenau, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 5, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | | | - Dong Wang
- Chair Materials for Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, TU Ilmenau, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 5, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Stefan Sinzinger
- Fachgebiet Technische Optik, Institute for Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, TU Ilmenau, Helmholtzring 1, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Peter Schaaf
- Chair Materials for Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano, TU Ilmenau, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 5, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
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Kaur M, Singh M. Quantum imaging of a polarisation sensitive phase pattern with hyper-entangled photons. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23636. [PMID: 34880274 PMCID: PMC8655080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A transparent polarisation sensitive phase pattern makes a polarisation dependent transformation of quantum state of photons without absorbing them. Such an invisible pattern can be imaged with quantum entangled photons by making joint quantum measurements on photons. This paper shows a long path experiment to quantum image a transparent polarisation sensitive phase pattern with hyper-entangled photon pairs involving momentum and polarisation degrees of freedom. In the imaging configuration, a single photon interacts with the pattern while the other photon, which has never interacted with the pattern, is measured jointly in a chosen polarisation basis and in a quantum superposition basis of its position which is equivalent to measure its momentum. Individual photons of each hyper-entangled pair cannot provide a complete image information. The image is constructed by measuring the polarisation state and position of the interacting photon corresponding to a measurement outcome of the non-interacting photon. This paper presents a detailed concept, theory and free space long path experiments on quantum imaging of polarisation sensitive phase patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali, 140306, India
| | - Mandip Singh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Mohali, 140306, India.
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