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Brťková H, Růžičková J, Slamová K, Raclavská H, Kucbel M, Šafář M, Gikas P, Juchelková D, Švédová B, Flodrová Š. Plastic particles in urban compost and their grain size distribution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124025. [PMID: 38670428 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Gathering information on plastic particles in composts and the processes they undergo is important in terms of potentially limiting their further entry into the environment, for example, in improving the fertilising properties of soils. Microplastics (MPs) were determined in composts produced from urban greenery. They are present in decreasing order: polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene. The determination of polymers and additives used to improve their properties was performed by pyrolysis and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (Py-GC/MS). Additives and microplastics are most concentrated in composts in the 0.315-0.63 and 0.63-1.25 mm grain size class, together with the carbon contained in the compost dry matter. Additives form 0.11-0.13% of MPs in dry matter of compost. The average concentration of microplastics in the particle size class from 0.63 to 1.25 mm is 2434 ± 224 mg/kg; in the total sample of composts, it is 1368 ± 286 mg/kg of P-MPs. For composts with particle size <2.5 mm, a relationship between the C/N ratio and the plastic particle concentration was statistically significant. It documents a similar behaviour of lignocellulose and plastic particles during the degradation processes. A relationship between the concentration of polymer markers and additives in the compost dry matter and their concentrations in the leachate has been demonstrated. The leachability from compost is higher for additives than for chemical compounds originating from the decomposition of the main components of MPs. The suitability of the use of the compost for agricultural purposes was monitored by the germination index (GI) for watercress. The lowest value of the GI was determined in the particle size class from 0.63 to 1.25 mm. The leachability of polymer markers and additives alone cannot explain the low GI value in this grain size class. The GI value is also influenced by the leachability of chemical compounds characterised by the value of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water-leachable nitrogen (Nw). A statistically significant dependence between DOC/Nw and the germination index value was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Brťková
- Centre CEET/ENET, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Růžičková
- Centre CEET/ENET, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Slamová
- Institute of Foreign Languages, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Raclavská
- Centre CEET/ENET, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kucbel
- Centre CEET/ENET, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Šafář
- Centre CEET/ENET, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petros Gikas
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Kounoupidiana, Akrotiri, 731 00 Chania, Greece
| | - Dagmar Juchelková
- Department of Electronics, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Švédová
- Centre CEET/ENET, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Flodrová
- Department of Power Engineering, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Moravian-Silesian Region, 708 00, Czech Republic
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Fu Y, Jia F, Su J, Xu X, Zhang Y, Li X, Jiang X, Schäffer A, Virta M, Tiedje JM, Wang F. Co-occurrence patterns of gut microbiome, antibiotic resistome and the perturbation of dietary uptake in captive giant pandas. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134252. [PMID: 38657507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome is a key source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), significantly influenced by diet, which highlights the interconnectedness between diet, gut microbiome, and ARGs. Currently, our understanding is limited on the co-occurrence among gut microbiome, antibiotic resistome in the captive giant panda and the perturbation of dietary uptake, especially for the composition and forms in dietary nutrition. Here, a qPCR array with 384 primer sets and 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to characterize the antibiotic resistome and microbiomes in panda feces, dietary bamboo, and soil around the habitat. Diet nutrients containing organic and mineral substances in soluble and insoluble forms were also quantified. Organic and mineral components in water-unextractable fractions were 7.5 to 139 and 637 to 8695 times higher than those in water-extractable portions in bamboo and feces, respectively, while the latter contributed more to the variation (67.5 %) of gut microbiota. Streptococcus, Prevotellaceae, and Bacteroides were the dominant genera in giant pandas. The ARG patterns in panda guts showed higher diversity in old individuals but higher abundance in young ones, driven directly by the bacterial community change and mobile genetic element mediation and indirectly by dietary intervention. Our results suggest that dietary nutrition mainly accounts for the shift of gut microbiota, while bacterial community and mobile genetic elements influenced the variation of gut antibiotic resistome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feiran Jia
- University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jingfang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xinyao Xu
- University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Xiangzhen Li
- Engineering Research Center of Soil Remediation of Fujian Province University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Marko Virta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - James M Tiedje
- Center for Microbial Ecology, Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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Liu J, Ai X, Lu C, Tian H. Comparison of bioaerosol release characteristics between windrow and trough sludge composting plants: Concentration distribution, community evolution, bioaerosolization behaviour, and exposure risk. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:164925. [PMID: 37392882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Windrow and trough composting are two mainstream composting methods, but the effect of composting methods on bioaerosol release from sludge composting plants is unclear. The study compared the bioaerosol release characteristics and exposure risks between the two composting methods. The results showed that the bacterial aerosol concentrations in the windrow composting plant ranged from 14,196 to 24,549 CFU/m3, while the fungal aerosol concentrations in the trough composting plant reached 5874 to 9284 CFU/m3; there were differences in the microbial community structures between the two sludge composting plants, and the composting method had a greater effect on bacterial community evolution than on fungal community evolution. The biochemical phase was the primary source of the bioaerosolization behaviour of the microbial bioaerosols. In the windrow and trough composting plants, the bacterial bioaerosolization index ranged from 1.00 to 999.28 and from 1.44 to 24.57, and the fungal bioaerosolization index ranged from 1.38 to 1.59 and from 0.34 to 7.72, respectively. Bacteria preferentially aerosolized mainly in the mesophilic stage, while the peak of the fungal bioaerosolization index appeared in the thermophilic stage. The total non-carcinogenic risks for bacterial aerosols were 3.4 and 2.4, while those for fungi were 1.0 and 3.2 in the trough and windrow sludge composting plants, respectively. Respiration is the main exposure pathway for bioaerosols. It is necessary to develop different bioaerosol protection measures for different sludge composting methods. The results of this study provided basic data and theoretical guidance for reducing the potential risk of bioaerosols in sludge composting plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Xinyu Ai
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hongyu Tian
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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Patil P, Sharara M, Shah S, Kulesza S, Classen J. Impacts of utilizing swine lagoon sludge as a composting ingredient. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 327:116840. [PMID: 36442448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lagoon sludge, a byproduct of swine operations in the Southeast United States, poses a management challenge due to its high mineral and metal content. Composting is a low-cost, scalable technology for manure management. However, limited information is available on composting swine lagoon sludge in terms of recipes, greenhouse gas emissions and end-product quality. Moreover, due to its high Zn and Cu content, high inclusion of sludge in composting recipes can potentially inhibit the process. To address these knowledge gaps, in-vessel aerated composting (0.4 m3each) was carried out to evaluate impacts of sludge inclusion, at 10% (Low Sludge, LS-Recipe) and 20% (High sludge, HS-Recipe) wet mass-basis, on composting process and end-product quality. Comparable maximum temperatures (74 ± 2.7 °C, 74.9 ± 2.9 °C), and organic matter loss were observed in both recipes. Similarly, sludge inclusion ratio had no significant impact on cumulative GHG emissions. The global warming potential (20-year GWP) for swine lagoon sludge composting using LS and HS recipes was observed to be 241.9 (±13.3) and 229.9 (±8.7) kg CO2-e/tDM respectively. Both recipes lost 24-28% of initial carbon (C) and 4-15% of nitrogen (N) respectively. Composting and curing did not change water-extractable (WE) phosphorus (P) concentrations while WE Zn and Cu concentrations decreased by 67-74% and 55-59% respectively in both recipes. End compost was stable (respiration rates <2 mgCO2-C/g OM/day) with germination index >93 for both recipes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Patil
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA.
| | - Mahmoud Sharara
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA.
| | - Sanjay Shah
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Stephanie Kulesza
- Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA.
| | - John Classen
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA.
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Bellitürk K, Fang L, Görres JH. Effect of post-production vermicompost and thermophilic compost blending on nutrient availability. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 155:146-152. [PMID: 36371848 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a common waste management strategy for recycling nutrients from organic household or agricultural wastes. However, thermophilic (e.g. windrow) composting and vermicomposting (using earthworms) produce different nutrient and enzyme profiles. Vermicompost is purported to have greater fertility benefits, but is also more expensive than thermophilic compost. The objective of this study was to examine a novel approach to designing organic fertility amendments by blending mature vermicompost and thermophilic compost. To examine the effect of blending, vermicompost was admixed to thermophilic compost at 20, 50 and 70 % by mass, with and without the addition of coir (cocopeat). Electric conductivity, water-extractable, immediately available N, P and K were measured. Vermicompost and coir synergistically affected the availability of these nutrients. Synergistic effects were between 15 and 40 % for total inorganic N in blends with coir. Without coir, synergism occurred only at vermicompost additions ≥50 %. Synergism for available P and K was present in all blends and ranged from 10% to 35%. Electrical conductivity measurements suggest that blending affected compost within three days of starting the incubation. The activity of five of seven measured enzymes were linearly and positively related to the fraction of vermicompost in the blend. Blending mature composts with differing properties may be another tool, in addition to adjusting feedstock and process parameters, to affect positively the fertility properties of composts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korkmaz Bellitürk
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Lynn Fang
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, 258, Jeffords Building, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Josef H Görres
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, 258, Jeffords Building, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
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Adamczewska-Sowińska K, Sowiński J, Jamroz E, Bekier J. Compost from willow biomass (Salix viminalis L.) as a horticultural substrate alternative to peat in the production of vegetable transplants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17617. [PMID: 36271107 PMCID: PMC9587216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Willow (Salix viminalis L.) is a species well adapted to the environment conditions of central Europe. It is mainly cultivated for energy purposes as solid fuel. In this study, an evaluation of its suitability for other purposes was made using a 4-year old short rotation coppice (SRC) willow regrowth to produce chipped biomass which was composted. Four composting methods were used: without additives (WC), with the addition of nitrogen to narrow the C:N ratio (WN), with the addition of mycelium (WPG) and with the addition of mycelium and nitrogen (WPGN). A mixture of WC and WPGN composts was also prepared at 75:25% and 50:50% by volume. Composts, different proportion (25, 50 and 75%) of peat (SM) were evaluated for suitability as a substrate for tomato and cucumber transplant production. Tomato transplants produced in the medium were prepared from mixtures of willow composts (WPGN + WC(1) and WPGN + WC(2) and these mixtures with peat (WPGN + WC(1):SM and WPGN + WC(2):SM) were characterised as having the best parameters: plant height, lateral leaf span and number of leaves. Similarly, for cucumber transplants, better growth conditions than in peat substrate were obtained in the variant WPGN + WC(1) and WPGN + WC(1):SM. The addition of nitrogen to the composted biomass positively influenced the composting process. N concentration in the substrate was too high and toxic for the growth of tomato and cucumber transplants. At the end of the tomato and cucumber experiment, the nitrate content was 1510 and 2260 mg dm-3, respectively, in the WN substrate. Similarly, the high N-NO3- content in the composted willow substrate with the addition of nitrogen and mycelium did not promote the growth of tomato and cucumber. Based on this research at least 25% of the mass of the peat can be replaced by different willow composts without having an adverse impact on seedling growth and with some of the willow compost mixtures this could be as high as 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Adamczewska-Sowińska
- grid.411200.60000 0001 0694 6014Department of Horticulture, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józef Sowiński
- grid.411200.60000 0001 0694 6014Institute of Agroecology and Crop Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jamroz
- grid.411200.60000 0001 0694 6014Institute of Soil Sciences, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Bekier
- grid.411200.60000 0001 0694 6014Institute of Soil Sciences, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Sowiński J, Jama-Rodzeńska A, Perera PCD, Jamroz E, Bekier J. The changes of willow biomass characteristics during the composting process and their phytotoxicity effect on Sinapis alba L. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275268. [PMID: 36191025 PMCID: PMC9529140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated in 2019–2021 the use of willow chips for compost production and its effect on Sinapis alba L. germination index and seedling growth. Peatlands and peat are of very important economic but above all environmental significance. The conservation of peatland resources is one of the most crucial future challenges. Composts and other forms of lignin-cellulosic biomass are potentially the best renewable alternative to peat in its economic use. Composted lignin-cellulosic biomass can replace peat and be used as a substrate for vegetable transplant production. The impact of modifying the willow lignin-cellulosic biomass composting process has not been well analysed. A compost experiment with willow biomass was conducted to study its effect on selected compost indexes (particle size structure in %, bulk density (kg m-3), and total nitrogen content). The quality assessment of the willow composts was determined after six months of composting process based on the N content and morphological characteristics of tested plant in vegetative chamber. Sinapis alba L. was germinated on a water extract made from willow compost using the following additives to willow biomasses: W0—without additives, WN—with the addition of nitrogen, WF—with the addition of mycelium, WNF—with the addition of nitrogen and mycelium. During the composting process, samples were taken after each mixing of the biomass pile to assess their maturity through the use of a bioassay. Willow biomass did not have a negative effect on biological evaluation parameters, and in some indicators, such as the length of embryonic roots in the VI period of the measurements, it was stimulating (61–84% longer in W0 and WF than in the control). The addition of nitrogen during the composting process, especially in the initial composting period, had a strong inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Józef Sowiński
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Jama-Rodzeńska
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Peliyagodage Chathura Dineth Perera
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biology, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Elżbieta Jamroz
- Institute of Soil Sciences Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Bekier
- Institute of Soil Sciences Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Wang SP, Wang L, Sun ZY, Wang ST, Yuan HW, An MZ, Tang YQ, Shen CH, Kida K. Effect of distillery sewage sludge addition on performance and bacterial community dynamics during distilled grain waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126486. [PMID: 34871724 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the dynamics of physicochemical characteristics and bacterial communities during the co-composting of distilled grain waste (DGW) and distillery sewage sludge (SS), with DGW mono-composting as a control. Results showed that co-composting with SS significantly improved DGW degradation efficiency (61.38% vs. 54.13%) and end-product quality (seed germination index: 129.82% vs. 113.61%; N + P2O5 + K2O: 9.08% vs. 5.28%), compared to DGW mono-composting. Microbial community analysis revealed that co-composting accelerated the bacterial community succession rate and enhanced the abundance of the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Deinococcota by 45.86%, 4.38%, 37.49%, and 15.29%, respectively. Network analysis showed that DGW-SS co-composting altered the interactions among the bacterial genera and improved bacterial community stability. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the correlation between bacterial genera and environmental factors was more significant in DGW-SS co-composting. Therefore, co-composting of DGW and SS is a suitable strategy for the treatment of solid byproducts from spirit distilleries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Peng Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhao-Yong Sun
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | | | - Hua-Wei Yuan
- Solid-state Fermentation Resource Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Ming-Zhe An
- Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-flavor Liquor Solid-state Fermentation, China National Light Industry, Yibin 644007, China
| | - Yue-Qin Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | | | - Kenji Kida
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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9
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López R, Antelo J, Silva AC, Bento F, Fiol S. Factors that affect physicochemical and acid-base properties of compost and vermicompost and its potential use as a soil amendment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113702. [PMID: 34517230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Composting and vermicomposting have attracted attention in relation to both waste management and the potential to produce organic amendments that could improve soil quality. The main differences between compost depend on the feedstock, the production process, and the degree of maturity. In the present study, samples of compost of different origin (food and green waste, livestock waste, algae waste, urban waste or sewage sludge) or subjected to different composting methods (traditional or using earthworms) were collected for analysis. Additionally, samples collected at various stages of the composting process were compared (raw material, 15 and 30 days of composting, and final compost). Different analysis and techniques were used to establish the chemical composition, physicochemical and acid-base properties of compost samples and the organic matter extracts. The correlations obtained (between the abundance of acid groups in different extracts of the compost or between the cation exchange capacity and the C/N atomic ratio) would allow for predicting the compost behaviour based on certain characteristics, and a reduction in the number of parameters determined experimentally, thus facilitating comparisons between different compost. In addition, the potential value of the compost as amendment was tested with a Haplic Cambisol from a mining area. The application of compost increased the pH, the organic matter and nutrient content, and promoted seed germination and root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- R López
- CRETUS, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - J Antelo
- CRETUS, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A C Silva
- CRETUS, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Chemistry, Center of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - F Bento
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - S Fiol
- CRETUS, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Zhang L, Zhang L, Wu D, Wang L, Yang Z, Yan W, Jin Y, Chen F, Song Y, Cheng X. Biochemical wastewater from landfill leachate pretreated by microalgae achieving algae's self-reliant cultivation in full wastewater-recycling chain with desirable lipid productivity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125640. [PMID: 34325398 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heightened awareness of additional pretreatment for wastewater, has driven studies towards building a full wastewater-recycling chain wherein the wastewater pretreatment is performed by microalgae themselves. We applied biochemical wastewater from landfill leachate with added K2HPO4 (BWLL + P) directly to microalgal cultivation. The results showed that the pretreatment provided by the 1st cultivation reduced suspended solids by nearly half, greatly boosting microalgal growth, which thus yielded 1.06 g/L of dry mass and 87.06 mg/L·d of biomass productivity. From the 2nd to the 4th cultivation, lipid accumulation in BWLL + P was 1.12-1.27 times and 1.95-2.36 times higher than in BG11 and BWLL, respectively, mainly attributed to the comfortable environment engendered by the microalgal pretreatment and the organic carbon in the wastewater. Strikingly, the biodiesel production fed with BWLL + P could save 99% of the cost compared with in BG11. In combination, our pioneering full wastewater-recycling chain achieved microalgae's self-reliant cultivation, with wastewater nourishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Wenbao Yan
- Environmental Monitoring Station of Lanshan Branch of Rizhao Ecological and Environment Bureau, 539 Jiaodingshan Road, Rizhao, 276800, China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Feiyong Chen
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Yang Song
- Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China.
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