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Zhang P, Xia L, Sun Y, Gao S. Soil nutrients and enzyme activities based on millet continuous cropping obstacles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17329. [PMID: 39068278 PMCID: PMC11283559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of continuous cropping of millet on soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities, the present study was based on four treatments of 2 years of continuous cropping (T1), 3 years of continuous cropping (T2), 4 years of continuous cropping (T3) and rotational cropping (CK), based on 4 years of no fertilizer positioning experiments, and the soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities and millets yields were determined, respectively. The results showed that with the increase of continuous cropping years, the millet yield decreased and was significantly lower than that of rotating with legume crops, and compared with CK, the yields of T1, T2 and T3 treatments were reduced by 8.92%, 13.73% and 37.60%, respectively; the soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents were reduced, the quick-acting potassium content did not change obviously, and the soil pH was increased; Soil urease, alkaline phosphatase, sucrase and catalase activities generally showed a decreasing trend and the decrease was more significant with the increase in the number of years of continuous cropping. Therefore, in order to maintain the soil fertility and increase the millet yield, it is necessary to practice crop rotation and stubble reversal between millets and leguminous crops such as kidney beans, and to apply certain fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710075, China.
| | - Liheng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710075, China
| | - Yutong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi'an, 710075, China
| | - Shu Gao
- Yulin Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Center, Yulin, 719000, China
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Liu Z, Ying J, Liu C. Changes in Rhizosphere Soil Microorganisms and Metabolites during the Cultivation of Fritillaria cirrhosa. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:334. [PMID: 38785816 PMCID: PMC11117757 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Fritillaria cirrhosa is an important cash crop, and its industrial development is being hampered by continuous cropping obstacles, but the composition and changes of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and metabolites in the cultivation process of Fritillaria cirrhosa have not been revealed. We used metagenomics sequencing to analyze the changes of the microbiome in rhizosphere soil during a three-year cultivation process, and combined it with LC-MS/MS to detect the changes of metabolites. Results indicate that during the cultivation of Fritillaria cirrhosa, the composition and structure of the rhizosphere soil microbial community changed significantly, especially regarding the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria. The abundance of Bradyrhizobium decreased from 7.04% in the first year to about 5% in the second and third years; the relative abundance of Pseudomonas also decreased from 6.20% in the first year to 2.22% in the third year; and the relative abundance of Lysobacter decreased significantly from more than 4% in the first two years of cultivation to 1.01% in the third year of cultivation. However, the relative abundance of some harmful fungi has significantly increased, such as Botrytis, which increased significantly from less than 3% in the first two years to 7.93% in the third year, and Talaromyces fungi, which were almost non-existent in the first two years of cultivation, significantly increased to 3.43% in the third year of cultivation. The composition and structure of Fritillaria cirrhosa rhizosphere metabolites also changed significantly, the most important of which were carbohydrates represented by sucrose (48.00-9.36-10.07%) and some amino acid compounds related to continuous cropping obstacles. Co-occurrence analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between differential microorganisms and differential metabolites, but Procrustes analysis showed that the relationship between bacteria and metabolites was closer than that between fungi and metabolites. In general, in the process of Fritillaria cirrhosa cultivation, the beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere decreased, the harmful bacteria increased, and the relative abundance of carbohydrate and amino acid compounds related to continuous cropping obstacles changed significantly. There is a significant correlation between microorganisms and metabolites, and the shaping of the Fritillaria cirrhosa rhizosphere's microecology by bacteria is more relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Liu
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jizhe Ying
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China;
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Fu Y, Liu T, Wang X, Wang Y, Gong Q, Li G, Lin Q, Zhu S. Untargeted metabolomics reveal rhizosphere metabolites mechanisms on continuous ramie cropping. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1217956. [PMID: 37674737 PMCID: PMC10477603 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1217956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Ramie is an important fiber feed dual-purpose crop in China and plays an important role in the national economy. However, ramie yield and quality can be reduced after many years of continuous cultivation. Currently, relatively little research has been conducted on rhizosphere metabolites and their pathways in continuous ramie cropping. Therefore, a healthy group (CK) and obstacle groups (XZQG, JZ, DJY, and GXD) with 8 years of continuous cultivation were selected for the study. LC-MS and GC-MS untargeted metabolomics were used to explore and analyze ramie rhizosphere metabolites and pathways. The results revealed that significant differences in the agronomic traits of ramie occurred after 8 years of continuous cultivation, with dwarfed plants and decreased yields in the obstacle groups. Metabolomic analysis identified 49 and 19 rhizosphere metabolites, including lipids, organic acids, phenols, and amino acids. In addition, four differential metabolic pathways (phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism) were elucidated. It was also clarified that sinapic acid, jasmonic acid, glutamine, and inositol might be the main metabolites affecting ramie continuous-cropping obstacle groups, and they were significantly correlated with ramie agronomic traits and physiological indicators. This provided important insights into the mechanisms affecting continuous ramie cropping. Accordingly, it is expected that the increase or decrease of sinapic acid, jasmonic acid, glutamine, and inositol in the soil will alleviate obstacles to continuous ramie cropping and promote the healthy development of the ramie industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafen Fu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Tongying Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qiulin Gong
- Selenium Resources Development and Utilization Center, Yichun Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guang Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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Effects of a Microbial Restoration Substrate on Plant Growth and Rhizosphere Microbial Community in a Continuous Cropping Poplar. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020486. [PMID: 36838451 PMCID: PMC9958890 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In poplar cultivation, continuous cropping obstacles affect wood yield and soil-borne diseases, primarily due to structural changes in microbes and fungus infection. The bacterium Bacillus cereus BJS-1-3 has strong antagonistic properties against pathogens that were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of poplars. Poplar rhizospheres were investigated for the effects of Bacillus cereus BJS-1-3 on microbial communities. Three successive generations of soil were used to replant poplar seedlings. BJS-1-3 inoculated poplars were larger, had higher plant height and breast height diameter, and had a greater number of total and culturable bacteria than non-inoculated controls. B. cereus BJS-1-3 inoculated poplar rhizospheres were sequenced, utilizing the Illumina MiSeq platform to analyze changes in diversity and structure. The fungi abundance and diversity in the BJS-1-3 rhizosphere were significantly lower than in the control rhizosphere. In comparison to the control group, Bacillus sp. constituted 2.87% and 2.38% of the total bacterial community, while Rhizoctonia sp. constituted 2.06% and 6.00% of the total fungal community. Among the potential benefits of B. cereus BJS-1-3 in poplar cultivation is that it enhances rhizosphere microbial community structure and facilitates the growth of trees.
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Kovač V, Kodrin I, Radošević K, Molčanov K, Adhikari B, Kraatz HB, Barišić L. Oxalamide-Bridged Ferrocenes: Conformational and Gelation Properties and In Vitro Antitumor Activity. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kovač
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Kodrin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102A, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Radošević
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Molčanov
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bimalendu Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Sundargarh 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Lidija Barišić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Yan W, Cao S, Wu Y, Ye Z, Zhang C, Yao G, Yu J, Yang D, Zhang J. Integrated Analysis of Physiological, mRNA Sequencing, and miRNA Sequencing Data Reveals a Specific Mechanism for the Response to Continuous Cropping Obstacles in Pogostemon cablin Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853110. [PMID: 35432413 PMCID: PMC9010791 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pogostemon cablin (patchouli) is a commercially important medicinal and industrial crop grown worldwide for its medicinal and aromatic properties. Patchoulol and pogostone, derived from the essential oil of patchouli, are considered valuable components in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Due to its high application value in the clinic and industry, the demand for patchouli is constantly growing. Unfortunately, patchouli cultivation has suffered due to severe continuous cropping obstacles, resulting in a significant decline in yield and quality. Moreover, the physiological and transcriptional changes in patchouli in response to continuous cropping obstacles remain unclear. This has greatly restricted the development of the patchouli industry. To explore the mechanism underlying the rapid response of patchouli roots to continuous cropping stress, integrated analysis of the transcriptome and miRNA profiles of patchouli roots under continuous and noncontinuous cropping conditions in different growth periods was conducted using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and miRNA-seq and complemented with physiological data. The physiological and biochemical results showed that continuous cropping significantly inhibited root growth, decreased root activity, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) and the levels of osmoregulators (malondialdehyde, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and proline). Subsequently, we found 4,238, 3,494, and 7,290 upregulated and 4,176, 3,202, and 8,599 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the three growth periods of continuously cropped patchouli, many of which were associated with primary carbon and nitrogen metabolism, defense responses, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and transcription factors. Based on miRNA-seq, 927 known miRNAs and 130 novel miRNAs were identified, among which 67 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMIs) belonging to 24 miRNA families were induced or repressed by continuous cropping. By combining transcriptome and miRNA profiling, we obtained 47 miRNA-target gene pairs, consisting of 18 DEMIs and 43 DEGs, that likely play important roles in the continuous cropping response of patchouli. The information provided in this study will contribute to clarifying the intricate mechanism underlying the patchouli response to continuous cropping obstacles. In addition, the candidate miRNAs and genes can provide a new strategy for breeding continuous cropping-tolerant patchouli.
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Sun C, Cui L, Zhou B, Wang X, Guo L, Liu W. Visualizing the spatial distribution and alteration of metabolites in continuously cropped Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge using MALDI-MSI. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:719-724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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