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Werren EA, Peirent ER, Jantti H, Guxholli A, Srivastava KR, Orenstein N, Narayanan V, Wiszniewski W, Dawidziuk M, Gawlinski P, Umair M, Khan A, Khan SN, Geneviève D, Lehalle D, van Gassen KLI, Giltay JC, Oegema R, van Jaarsveld RH, Rafiullah R, Rappold GA, Rabin R, Pappas JG, Wheeler MM, Bamshad MJ, Tsan YC, Johnson MB, Keegan CE, Srivastava A, Bielas SL. Biallelic variants in CSMD1 are implicated in a neurodevelopmental disorder with intellectual disability and variable cortical malformations. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:379. [PMID: 38816421 PMCID: PMC11140003 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06768-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
CSMD1 (Cub and Sushi Multiple Domains 1) is a well-recognized regulator of the complement cascade, an important component of the innate immune response. CSMD1 is highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) where emergent functions of the complement pathway modulate neural development and synaptic activity. While a genetic risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders, the role of CSMD1 in neurodevelopmental disorders is unclear. Through international variant sharing, we identified inherited biallelic CSMD1 variants in eight individuals from six families of diverse ancestry who present with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, and polymicrogyria. We modeled CSMD1 loss-of-function (LOF) pathogenesis in early-stage forebrain organoids differentiated from CSMD1 knockout human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We show that CSMD1 is necessary for neuroepithelial cytoarchitecture and synchronous differentiation. In summary, we identified a critical role for CSMD1 in brain development and biallelic CSMD1 variants as the molecular basis of a previously undefined neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Werren
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Advanced Precision Medicine Laboratory, The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CTt, 06032, USA
| | - Emily R Peirent
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Henna Jantti
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Alba Guxholli
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kinshuk Raj Srivastava
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Naama Orenstein
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, 4920235, Israel
| | - Vinodh Narayanan
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Wojciech Wiszniewski
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Mateusz Dawidziuk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, 01-211, Poland
| | - Pawel Gawlinski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, 01-211, Poland
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Zoology, University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 28420, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Niaz Khan
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - David Geneviève
- Montpellier University, Inserm Unit U1183, Reference Center for Rare Diseases and Developmental Anomalies, CHU, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- Sorbonne University, Department of Medical Genetics, Hospital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France
| | - K L I van Gassen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques C Giltay
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Oegema
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Richard H van Jaarsveld
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 EA, The Netherlands
| | - Rafiullah Rafiullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, BUITEMS, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan
| | - Gudrun A Rappold
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Rachel Rabin
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - John G Pappas
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marsha M Wheeler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Yao-Chang Tsan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Matthew B Johnson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Catherine E Keegan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anshika Srivastava
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.
| | - Stephanie L Bielas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Jaudon F, Cingolani LA. Unlocking mechanosensitivity: integrins in neural adaptation. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00046-1. [PMID: 38514304 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Mechanosensitivity extends beyond sensory cells to encompass most neurons in the brain. Here, we explore recent research on the role of integrins, a diverse family of adhesion molecules, as crucial biomechanical sensors translating mechanical forces into biochemical and electrical signals in the brain. The varied biomechanical properties of neuronal integrins, including their force-dependent conformational states and ligand interactions, dictate their specific functions. We discuss new findings on how integrins regulate filopodia and dendritic spines, shedding light on their contributions to synaptic plasticity, and explore recent discoveries on how they engage with metabotropic receptors and ion channels, highlighting their direct participation in electromechanical transduction. Finally, to facilitate a deeper understanding of these developments, we present molecular and biophysical models of mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Jaudon
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A Cingolani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN), Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Jaudon F, Thalhammer A, Zentilin L, Cingolani LA. CRISPR-mediated activation of autism gene Itgb3 restores cortical network excitability via mGluR5 signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:462-480. [PMID: 36035754 PMCID: PMC9382421 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many mutations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affect a single allele, indicating a key role for gene dosage in ASD susceptibility. Recently, haplo-insufficiency of ITGB3, the gene encoding the extracellular matrix receptor β3 integrin, was associated with ASD. Accordingly, Itgb3 knockout (KO) mice exhibit autism-like phenotypes. The pathophysiological mechanisms of Itgb3 remain, however, unknown, and the potential of targeting this gene for developing ASD therapies uninvestigated. By combining molecular, biochemical, imaging, and pharmacological analyses, we establish that Itgb3 haplo-insufficiency impairs cortical network excitability by promoting extra-synaptic over synaptic signaling of the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5, which is similarly dysregulated in fragile X syndrome, the most frequent monogenic form of ASD. To assess the therapeutic potential of regulating Itgb3 gene dosage, we implemented CRISPR activation and compared its efficacy with that of a pharmacological rescue strategy for fragile X syndrome. Correction of neuronal Itgb3 haplo-insufficiency by CRISPR activation rebalanced network excitability as effectively as blockade of mGluR5 with the selective antagonist MPEP. Our findings reveal an unexpected functional interaction between two ASD genes, thereby validating the pathogenicity of ITGB3 haplo-insufficiency. Further, they pave the way for exploiting CRISPR activation as gene therapy for normalizing gene dosage and network excitability in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Jaudon
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN), Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Agnes Thalhammer
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- AAV Vector Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A. Cingolani
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology (NSYN), Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Corresponding author Lorenzo A. Cingolani, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Woodbury-Smith M, Lamoureux S, Begum G, Nassir N, Akter H, O’Rielly DD, Rahman P, Wintle RF, Scherer SW, Uddin M. Mutational Landscape of Autism Spectrum Disorder Brain Tissue. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020207. [PMID: 35205252 PMCID: PMC8871846 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare post-zygotic mutations in the brain are now known to contribute to several neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, due to the limited availability of brain tissue, most studies rely on estimates of mosaicism from peripheral samples. In this study, we undertook whole exome sequencing on brain tissue from 26 ASD brain donors from the Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center (HBTRC) and ascertained the presence of post-zygotic and germline mutations categorized as pathological, including those impacting known ASD-implicated genes. Although quantification did not reveal enrichment for post-zygotic mutations compared with the controls (n = 15), a small number of pathogenic, potentially ASD-implicated mutations were identified, notably in TRAK1 and CLSTN3. Furthermore, germline mutations were identified in the same tissue samples in several key ASD genes, including PTEN, SC1A, CDH13, and CACNA1C. The establishment of tissue resources that are available to the scientific community will facilitate the discovery of new mutations for ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Woodbury-Smith
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Sylvia Lamoureux
- The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.L.); (R.F.W.); (S.W.S.)
| | - Ghausia Begum
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates; (G.B.); (N.N.)
| | - Nasna Nassir
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates; (G.B.); (N.N.)
| | - Hosneara Akter
- Genetics and Genomics Medicine Centre, NeuroGen Healthcare, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh;
| | - Darren D. O’Rielly
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (D.D.O.); (P.R.)
| | - Proton Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (D.D.O.); (P.R.)
| | - Richard F. Wintle
- The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.L.); (R.F.W.); (S.W.S.)
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; (S.L.); (R.F.W.); (S.W.S.)
- Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Mohammed Uddin
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates; (G.B.); (N.N.)
- Cellular Intelligence (Ci) Lab, GenomeArc Inc., Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Cardoso AR, Lopes-Marques M, Oliveira M, Amorim A, Prata MJ, Azevedo L. Genetic Variability of the Functional Domains of Chromodomains Helicase DNA-Binding (CHD) Proteins. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111827. [PMID: 34828433 PMCID: PMC8623811 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, there has been an increasing neuroscientific interest in understanding the function of mammalian chromodomains helicase DNA-binding (CHD) proteins due to their association with severe developmental syndromes. Mammalian CHDs include nine members (CHD1 to CHD9), grouped into subfamilies according to the presence of specific functional domains, generally highly conserved in evolutionary terms. Mutations affecting these domains hold great potential to disrupt protein function, leading to meaningful pathogenic scenarios, such as embryonic defects incompatible with life. Here, we analysed the evolution of CHD proteins by performing a comparative study of the functional domains of CHD proteins between orthologous and paralogous protein sequences. Our findings show that the highest degree of inter-species conservation was observed at Group II (CHD3, CHD4, and CHD5) and that most of the pathological variations documented in humans involve amino acid residues that are conserved not only between species but also between paralogs. The parallel analysis of both orthologous and paralogous proteins, in cases where gene duplications have occurred, provided extra information showing patterns of flexibility as well as interchangeability between amino acid positions. This added complexity needs to be considered when the impact of novel mutations is assessed in terms of evolutionary conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R. Cardoso
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (M.L.-M.); (M.O.); (A.A.); (M.J.P.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Lopes-Marques
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (M.L.-M.); (M.O.); (A.A.); (M.J.P.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Oliveira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (M.L.-M.); (M.O.); (A.A.); (M.J.P.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - António Amorim
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (M.L.-M.); (M.O.); (A.A.); (M.J.P.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Prata
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (M.L.-M.); (M.O.); (A.A.); (M.J.P.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Azevedo
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (M.L.-M.); (M.O.); (A.A.); (M.J.P.)
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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