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Liu J, Yang DA, Qu H, Liu D, Huang K. Bacillus subtilis Feed Supplementation Combined with Oral E. coli Immunization in Sows as a Tool to Reduce Neonatal Diarrhea in Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1978. [PMID: 38998090 PMCID: PMC11240787 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of B. subtilis on the specific immune response of lactating sows to E. coli and the diarrhea rate in suckling piglets, thirty large white sows with similar farrowing dates were randomly divided into two groups: a feedback feeding (i.e., feeding a homogenate of intestinal contents and tissues from E. coli-infected piglets to sows; FB) group and a feedback feeding with B. subtilis (FB + BS) group. Serum, colostrum, and intestinal tissues from sows and piglets were collected to assess the immune response and intestinal barrier function at weaning. T and B cells from Peyer's patches (PPs) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) in lactating mice (with treatments consistent with the sows') were isolated to explore the underlying mechanism. The results showed that, compared with the FB group, the reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of their offspring were effectively improved in the FB + BS group. Moreover, the levels of IgG/IgA and those of IgG/IgA against E. coli in the serum and colostrum of sows in the FB+BS group were increased (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+CXCR5+PD1+, and B220+IgA+ cells in MLNs and PPs, and the IgA levels in the mammary glands of mice, were also increased in the FB + BS group (p < 0.05). Notably, in suckling piglets in the FB + BS group, the diarrhea rate was decreased (p < 0.05), and the intestinal barrier function and intestinal flora composition at weaning were significantly improved. Overall, these results indicated that B. subtilis feed supplementation combined with feedback feeding in pregnant and lactating sows can reduce diarrhea in suckling piglets by enhancing the maternal immune response against E. coli and intestinal barrier function in their offspring, improving survival rates and pre-weaning growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Danchen Aaron Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haobo Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang M, Yu A, Wu H, Xiong X, Li J, Chen L. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis significantly change the growth performance, serum immunity and cecal microbiota of Cherry Valley ducks during the fattening period. Anim Sci J 2024; 95:e13946. [PMID: 38651265 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of a Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus mixture containing the co-fermented products of the two probiotics on growth performance, serum immunity and cecal microbiota of Cherry Valley ducks. This study included 480 one-day-old Cherry Valley ducks divided into four feeding groups: basal diet (control group) and basal diet supplemented with 300, 500, or 700 mg/kg of the probiotic powder; the ducks were raised for 42 days. Compared with the control group, body weight on day 42 and the average daily gain on days 15-42 significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the feed conversion rate significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the experimental groups. Furthermore, the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM, and interleukin (IL)-4 levels increased significantly (p < 0.05), and IL-1β, IL-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the experimental groups. Finally, Sellimonas, Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Butyricoccus played an important role in the cecal microbiota of the experimental group. Thus, the probiotic powder has impacts on the growth performance, serum immunity and cecal microbiota of Cherry Valley Ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Anan Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongzhi Wu
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Insititute, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaolan Xiong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
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Qiu H, Gao S, Hou L, Li A, Zhu LQ, Dong J, Chen F. Selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis Improves Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Status, and Gut Health of Broiler Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5756-5763. [PMID: 36862247 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of selenium (Se)-enriched Bacillus subtilis (Se-BS) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and gut health in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to four groups and fed with basal diet (control group), 0.30 mg/kg Se (SS group), 3 × 109 CFU/g B. subtilis (BS group), and 0.30 mg/kg Se + 3 × 109 CFU/g B. subtilis (Se-BS group) for 42 days. The results showed that Se-BS supplementation increased body weight (BW), average daily gain, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and the contents of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and immunoglobulin (Ig) G in plasma, the index and wall thickness of the duodenum, the villus height and crypt depth of the jejunum, and GPx-1 and thioredoxin reductase 1 mRNA levels in liver and intestine and decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared with the control group on day 42 (P < 0.05). Compared with groups SS and BS, Se-BS supplementation increased BW, the activities of GPx, CAT, and POD, and the contents of IL-2, IL-4, and IgG in plasma, the index and wall thickness of the duodenum, the crypt depth and secretory IgA content of the jejunum, and GPx-1 mRNA levels in liver and intestine and decreased FCR and plasma MDA content on day 42 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Se-BS supplementation effectively improved the growth performance antioxidant capacity, immune status, and gut health of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Qiu
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200, Shandong Province, China
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shansong Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lele Hou
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Anping Li
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China
- DSM (China) Co. LTD, Beijing, 100027, China
| | - Lian-Qin Zhu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jihong Dong
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fu Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong Province, China.
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Xiao D, Li T, Huang X, Zhu K, Li Z, Dong Y, Wang L, Huang J. Advances in the Study of Selenium-Enriched Probiotics: From the Inorganic Se into Se Nanoparticles. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300432. [PMID: 37786318 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a momentous metallic element that plays an irreplaceable role in biochemical activities. Se deficiency remains a nutritional challenge across the world. Organic Se supplementation is the most effective treatment means for Se deficiency. Organic Se transformed from Se-enriched probiotics show outstanding excellent properties in antibacteria, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and immunoregulation. Studying the influencing factors for Se enrichment capacity and enrichment mechanisms of Se-enriched probiotics is conducive to the exploit of more potent Se-enriched probiotics. Se-enriched probiotics transform inorganic Se into Se nanoparticles (SeNPs), which have been widely used in animal husbandry and biomedical field. In this paper, the novel development of Se-enriched probiotics is reviewed, and the bioactivities of SeNPs are assessed, so as to display their potential application prospects. The excellent role of SeNPs in anti-oxidation is summarized, and the mechanism by which SeNPs improve Se deficiency and boost animal health is explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kongdi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zimeng Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Yulan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lianshun Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Dong J, Qiu H, Gao S, Hou L, Liu H, Zhu L, Chen F. A combination of selenium and Bacillus subtilis improves the quality and flavor of meat and slaughter performance of broilers. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1259760. [PMID: 38026674 PMCID: PMC10663308 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1259760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of the combination of selenium and Bacillus subtilis (Se-BS) on the quality and flavor of meat and slaughter performance of broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to four treatments of a basal diet supplemented with no selenium (control), sodium selenite (SS), BS, or Se-BS and raised for 42 days. Compared with the control group, Se-BS significantly increased the carcass weight, the half-eviscerated weight, the completely eviscerated weight, the carcass rate, and redness in broiler muscles; improved the antioxidant state by increasing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase activities, the total antioxidant capacity, and GPx-1 and thioredoxin reductase 1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels; promoted biological activity by increasing the contents of glutamate, phenylalanine, lysine, and tyrosine; and increased Se and five types of nitrogenous volatile substances in muscles. On the other hand, Se-BS treatment decreased the shear force, drip loss, and the malondialdehyde, glutathione, and lead contents in muscles. Se-BS exerted a better effect on slaughter performance, the physicochemical quality of meat, the redox status, the amino acid contents, the trace element contents, and volatile substances compared with SS and BS. In conclusion, Se-BS had a positive effect on the quality and flavor of meat and slaughter performance of broilers, suggesting that Se-BS may be a beneficial feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Dong
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Huiling Qiu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, Shandong, China
| | - Shansong Gao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lele Hou
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Huawei Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lianqin Zhu
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fu Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolic and Poisoning Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Yanez-Lemus F, Moraga R, Smith CT, Aguayo P, Sánchez-Alonzo K, García-Cancino A, Valenzuela A, Campos VL. Selenium Nanoparticle-Enriched and Potential Probiotic, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S14 Strain, a Diet Supplement Beneficial for Rainbow Trout. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101523. [PMID: 36290428 PMCID: PMC9598509 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Potential probiotic bacteria for aquacultured species should be naturally occurring and non-pathogenic in the native habitat of the host, easy to culture, and able to grow in the intestine of the host. Se nanoparticles (Se0Nps) can be effectively used as a growth promoter, antioxidant, and immunostimulant agent in aquacultured species. Dietary supplementation with probiotics and Se0Nps contributes to the balance of the intestinal microbiota and probiotics have been proposed as an alternative to chemotherapeutants and antibiotics to prevent disease outbreaks, to mitigate the negative effects of stress and to strengthen the antioxidant capacity and the immune system of fish. Our results reported the isolation of a probiotic strain obtained from healthy rainbow trout. The strain was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum species. This strain showed characteristics typically present in probiotics and, concurrently, the capacity to biosynthesize Se0Nps. The supplementation of the rainbow trout fish diet with LABS14-Se0Nps showed a positive effect on innate immune response parameters, oxidative status, well-being, and a better growth performance than the supplementation of the diet with the bacterium LABS14 alone. Therefore, we propose LABS14-Se0Nps as a promising alternative for the nutritional supplementation for rainbow trout or even other salmonids. Abstract Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), obtained from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine, were cultured in MRS medium and probiotic candidates. Concurrently, producers of elemental selenium nanoparticles (Se0Nps) were selected. Probiotic candidates were subjected to morphological characterization and the following tests: antibacterial activity, antibiotic susceptibility, hemolytic activity, catalase, hydrophobicity, viability at low pH, and tolerance to bile salts. Two LAB strains (S4 and S14) satisfied the characteristics of potential probiotics, but only strain S14 reduced selenite to biosynthesize Se0Nps. S14 strain was identified, by 16S rDNA analysis, as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Electron microscopy showed Se0Nps on the surface of S14 cells. Rainbow trout diet was supplemented (108 CFU g−1 feed) with Se0Nps-enriched L. plantarum S14 (LABS14-Se0Nps) or L. plantarum S14 alone (LABS14) for 30 days. At days 0, 15, and 30, samples (blood, liver, and dorsal muscle) were obtained from both groups, plus controls lacking diet supplementation. Fish receiving LABS14-Se0Nps for 30 days improved respiratory burst and plasmatic lysozyme, (innate immune response) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (oxidative status) activities and productive parameters when compared to controls. The same parameters also improved when compared to fish receiving LABS14, but significant only for plasmatic and muscle GPX. Therefore, Se0Nps-enriched L. plantarum S14 may be a promising alternative for rainbow trout nutritional supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Yanez-Lemus
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales y Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8370003, Chile
| | - Rubén Moraga
- Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, Arturo Prat University, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Carlos T. Smith
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
| | - Paulina Aguayo
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
- Institute of Natural Resources, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Agronomy, Universidad de Las Américas, Sede Concepcion, Chacabuco 539, Concepcion 3349001, Chile
| | - Kimberly Sánchez-Alonzo
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebastian, Concepcion 4080871, Chile
| | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenicity, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
| | - Ariel Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Pisciculture and Aquatic Pathology, Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
| | - Víctor L. Campos
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-41-2204144
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Mineral-Enriched Postbiotics: A New Perspective for Microbial Therapy to Prevent and Treat Gut Dysbiosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102392. [PMID: 36289654 PMCID: PMC9599024 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are non-viable probiotic preparations that confer a health benefit on the host. In the last years, scientific literature has proved that postbiotics have health-promoting features and technological advantages compared to probiotics, augmenting their full potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The current work comprehensively summarizes the benefits and potential applications of postbiotics and essential mineral-enriched biomass and proposes a new strategy for microbial therapy—mineral-enriched postbiotics. We hypothesize and critically review the relationship between micronutrients (calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium) and postbiotics with gut microbiota, which has been barely explored yet, and how the new approach could be involved in the gut microbiome modulation to prevent and treat gut dysbiosis. Additionally, the bioactive molecules and minerals from postbiotics could influence the host mineral status, directly or through gut microbiota, which increases the mineral bioavailability. The review increases our understanding of the health improvements of mineral-enriched postbiotics, including antioxidant functions, highlighting their perspective on microbial therapy to prevent and threaten gut-related diseases.
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Advances in the Study of the Mechanism by Which Selenium and Selenoproteins Boost Immunity to Prevent Food Allergies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153133. [PMID: 35956310 PMCID: PMC9370097 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that functions in the body mainly in the form of selenoproteins. The selenoprotein contains 25 members in humans that exhibit a number of functions. Selenoproteins have immunomodulatory functions and can enhance the ability of immune system to regulate in a variety of ways, which can have a preventive effect on immune-related diseases. Food allergy is a specific immune response that has been increasing in number in recent years, significantly reducing the quality of life and posing a major threat to human health. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of Se and selenoproteins in regulating the immune system and how dysregulation of these processes may lead to food allergies. Thus, we can explain the mechanism by which Se and selenoproteins boost immunity to prevent food allergies.
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Positive Interventional Effect of Engineered Butyrate-Producing Bacteria on Metabolic Disorders and Intestinal Flora Disruption in Obese Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0114721. [PMID: 35293806 PMCID: PMC9045090 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01147-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The substantially increased prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases has generated considerable concern. Currently, synthetic biological strategies have played an essential role in preventing and treating chronic diseases such as obesity. A growing number of symbiotic bacteria used as vectors for genetic engineering have been applied to create living therapeutics. In this study, using Bacillus subtilis as a cellular chassis, we constructed the engineered butyrate-producing strain BsS-RS06551 with a butyrate yield of 1.5 g/liter. A mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) was established to study the long-term intervention effects of this butyrate-producing bacteria on obesity. Combined with phenotypic assay results, we found that BsS-RS06551 could effectively retard body weight gain induced by a high-fat diet and visceral fat accumulation of mice, whereas it could improve glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, reducing liver damage. We explored the BsS-RS06551 mechanism of action on host function and changes in intestinal flora by integrating multiple omics profiling, including untargeted metabolomics and metagenomics. The results showed that 24 major differential metabolites were involved in the metabolic regulation of BsS-RS06551 to prevent obesity in mice, including bile acid metabolism, branch chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and other metabolic pathways. Continuous ingestion of BsS-RS06551 could regulate gut microbiota composition and structure and enhance intestinal flora metabolic function abundance, which was closely related to host interactions. Our results demonstrated that engineered butyrate-producing bacteria had potential as an effective strategy to prevent obesity. IMPORTANCE Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease with an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, and obesity-related metabolic diseases have become increasingly common. There is an urgent need to develop effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity. This study showed that long-term consumption of BsS-RS06551 had a significant inhibitory effect on obesity induced by a high-fat diet and was more potent in inhibiting obesity than prebiotic inulin. In addition, this study showed a beneficial effect on host glucose, lipid metabolism, and gut microbe composition. Considering its colonization potential, this engineered bacteria provided a new strategy for the effective and convenient treatment of obesity in the long term.
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