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Li X, An Z, Yao A, Li R, Zhang S, Yu S, Ma L, Liu Y. Targeted metabolomics profiling in pregnancy associated with vitamin D deficiency. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:295. [PMID: 38643102 PMCID: PMC11031926 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnancy, however, its effects has not been fully elucidated. Here, we conducted targeted metabolomics profiling to study the relationship. METHODS This study enrolled 111 pregnant women, including sufficient group (n = 9), inadequate group (n = 49) and deficient group (n = 53). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS)-based targeted metabonomics were used to characterize metabolite profiles associated with vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy. RESULTS Many metabolites decreased in the inadequate and deficient group, including lipids, amino acids and others. The lipid species included fatty acyls (FA 14:3, FA 26:0; O), glycerolipids (MG 18:2), glycerophospholipids (LPG 20:5, PE-Cer 40:1; O2, PG 29:0), sterol lipids (CE 20:5, ST 28:0; O4, ST 28:1; O4). Decreased amino acids included aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine) and branched-chain amino acids (valine, isoleucine, leucine), proline, methionine, arginine, lysine, alanine, L-kynurenine,5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, allysine. CONCLUSIONS This targeted metabolomics profiling indicated that vitamin D supplementation can significantly affect lipids and amino acids metabolism in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan Road, Beijing, 100730, China
- Biobank Facility, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoling An
- Pharmacy Department of Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Yao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan Road, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Suhan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Academic Medical Science and Peking, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Academic Medical Science and Peking, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangkun Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Academic Medical Science and Peking, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan Road, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Al Refaie A, Baldassini L, Mondillo C, De Vita M, Giglio E, Tarquini R, Gonnelli S, Caffarelli C. Vitamin D and Dyslipidemia: Is There Really a Link? A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1144. [PMID: 38674837 PMCID: PMC11053479 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the interest in the extraskeletal effects of vitamin D is growing. In the literature, its several possible actions have been confirmed. Vitamin D seems to have a regulatory role in many different fields-inflammation, immunity, and the endocrine system-and many studies would demonstrate a possible correlation between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease. In this paper, we deepened the relationship between vitamin D and dyslipidemia by reviewing the available literature. The results are not entirely clear-cut: on the one hand, numerous observational studies suggest a link between higher serum vitamin D levels and a beneficial lipid profile, while on the other hand, interventional studies do not demonstrate a significant effect. Understanding the possible relationship between vitamin D and dyslipidemia may represent a turning point: another link between vitamin D and the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Al Refaie
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
- Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Tuscany, Italy
| | - Leonardo Baldassini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Caterina Mondillo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Michela De Vita
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Elisa Giglio
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Roberto Tarquini
- Division of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053 Tuscany, Italy
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
| | - Carla Caffarelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy (S.G.)
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Alissa EM. Vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases: A narrative review. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1191-1199. [PMID: 38827691 PMCID: PMC11141959 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1481_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and vitamin D deficiency are becoming highly prevalent among general populations. Despite plausible biological mechanisms for the role of vitamin D in cardio-protection, a cause-and-effect relationship has not yet been established. The interest in vitamin D as a potential therapeutic target to attenuate cardiovascular risk has been raised. The question about the benefit of vitamin D supplementation for cardiovascular outcomes cannot be answered certainly for the moment. The association between hypovitaminosis D and CVD has been proven by some studies while other studies deny any such link. The present narrative review gives a comprehensive overview of studies on the potential impact of hypovitaminosis D on CVD. The potential role of vitamin D supplementation in the management of CVD is also evaluated. Particular emphasis is paid to those studies that achieve a high level of scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Mokbel Alissa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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de Oliveira LB, de Figueiredo Martins Siqueira MA, de Macedo Gadêlha RB, Garcia J, Bandeira F. Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure Living in the Tropics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE 2024; 6:84-90. [PMID: 38694929 PMCID: PMC11058433 DOI: 10.36628/ijhf.2023.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Vitamin D, as a steroid hormone, has multiple effects on human body and its deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF) and unfavorable outcomes. The present study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and its relationship with cardiometabolic parameters in patients hospitalized for HF living in the city of Recife (latitude 8° South). Methods Analytical cross-sectional study, with men and women aged 40-64 years. The HF group was recruited during hospitalization due to decompensation. A matched control group was recruited from the general endocrine clinics. Vitamin D status was assessed by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), considering deficiency when 25OHD <20 ng/mL (<50 nmol/L). Results A total of 243 patients were evaluated (HF group: 161, control group: 82). Lower serum 25OHD levels were observed in the HF group (25.2±9.4 vs. 30.0±7.7ng/mL; p<0.001), as well as a higher prevalence of VDD (27.3% vs. 9.8%; prevalence ratio, 2.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.38-5.67; p=0.002). In patients with HF, VDD was associated with diabetes mellitus (65.9% vs. 41.0%; p=0.005) and female sex (65.9% vs. 44.4%; p=0.015). In the subgroup with VDD, higher values of hemoglobin A1c (7.9% [6.0-8.9] vs. 6.2% [5.7-7.9]; p=0.006) and dyslipidemia were also observed. Conclusions We found higher rates of VDD in patients hospitalized for HF and this was associated with deleterious laboratory metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucian Batista de Oliveira
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Agamenon Magalhães Hospital, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Buarque de Macedo Gadêlha
- Division of Cardiology, Agamenon Magalhães Hospital, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Jessica Garcia
- Division of Cardiology, Agamenon Magalhães Hospital, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Francisco Bandeira
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Agamenon Magalhães Hospital, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Han H, Li R, Fu D, Zhou H, Zhan Z, Wu Y, Meng B. Correlation between bone density, bone metabolism markers with lipid metabolism markers and body mass index. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:162. [PMID: 38378530 PMCID: PMC10877819 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07284-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to explore the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism markers, and blood lipid-related indicators, body mass index (BMI) in elderly individuals. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 710 patients. Patients' gender, age, height, weight, bone density values, T-scores, bone metabolism markers (including serum N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (s-PINP), serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (s-CTX) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and lipid-related indicators (including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and Castelli index 1 (TC/HDL-C index) and Castelli index 2 (LDL-C/HDL-C index) were recorded. Correlations between variables were analyzed, and patients were grouped according to gender and T-score for intergroup comparisons. RESULTS HDL-C negatively correlates with BMD and s-CTX. TG, Castelli index, and BMI positively correlate with BMD. BMI negatively correlates with s-PINP. 1,25(OH)2D3 negatively correlates with TC, LDL-C, and Castelli index. LDL-C positively correlates with BMD in males, and TC negatively correlates with s-PINP. In females, HDL-C negatively correlates with BMD, and s-CTX positively correlates with Castelli index. 1,25(OH)2D3 negatively correlates with TC, LDL-C, and Castelli index. TG and Castelli index were higher in normal bone mass group, while HDL-C is higher in the osteoporosis group. TG and BMI positively predicted bone mass density, while HDL-C negatively predicted bone mass density. CONCLUSIONS HDL-C may have a predictive role in osteoporosis, particularly in women. The likelihood of osteoporosis is lower in individuals with high BMI or hyperlipidemia. Some lipid metabolism markers can be used to predict osteoporosis, and further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dongming Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongyou Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi'ang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Yin T, Zhu X, He Z, Bai H, Shen C, Li R, Wang B. The causal relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum lipids levels: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0287125. [PMID: 38354201 PMCID: PMC10866529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Serum vitamin D levels were linked to lipid metabolism in observational studies, but the exact mechanism was unclear. Several studies have attempted to decipher the relationship between 25(OH)D and lipid levels. Conventional observational studies are vulnerable to confounding. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis can better control for confounding factors and reverse causality, allowing for the inference of causal association. We, therefore, sought to use MR to investigate the possible causal relationship between 25(OH)D and blood lipid levels (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol). A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed on data primarily from European ancestors. In addition, the potential causal effect of lipids on 25(OH)D was assessed by regressor-based multivariate magnetic resonance (MVMR). The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to 25(OH)D were selected from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) database named IEU GWAS, and the SNPs associated with the four blood lipids were chosen from UK Biobank (UKB) lipid GWAS. When blood lipids were the outcome, the results of bidirectional two-sample MR demonstrated that 25(OH)D exhibited a negative causal association with TG, TC, and LDL-C: β = - 0.23, 95% CI = -0.28 to -0.19, P<0.001; β = - 0.16, 95% CI: - 0.30 to-0.03, P < 0.05; β = - 0.11, 95% CI: - 0.23 to 0, P < 0.05. There was no causal relationship between 25(OH)D and HDL-C (β = 0.05, 95% CI: - 0.11 to 0.20, P = 0.56). When setting blood lipids as exposure, TG and 25(OH)D, β = -0.13, 95% CI: - 0.15 to -0.10, P < 0.05; TC and 25(OH)D, β = -0.11, 95% CI: - 0.15 to -0.07, P < 0.05; HDL-C and 25(OH)D, β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0 to 0.03, P = 0.07; LDL-C and 25(OH)D, β = -0.08, 95% CI: - 0.11 to -0.05, P < 0.05). Our MVMR study also showed a significant relationship between genetically determined lipid traits and 25(OH)D levels (TG and 25(OH)D, P < 0.05; TC and 25(OH)D, P < 0.05). In all MR analyses, there was no horizontal pleiotropy (all P > 0.05), or statistical heterogeneity. The "Leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of our results. MR Studies have shown a bidirectional causal relationship between genetically-determined 25(OH)D levels and serum TG and TC levels. The findings have potential implications for etiological understanding and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiu Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiliang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hexiang Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenye Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Wang CK, Chang CY, Chu TW, Liang YJ. Using Machine Learning to Identify the Relationships between Demographic, Biochemical, and Lifestyle Parameters and Plasma Vitamin D Concentration in Healthy Premenopausal Chinese Women. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2257. [PMID: 38137858 PMCID: PMC10744461 DOI: 10.3390/life13122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis and enhancing the absorption of calcium, an essential component for strengthening bones and preventing osteoporosis. There are many factors known to relate to plasma vitamin D concentration (PVDC). However, most of these studies were performed with traditional statistical methods. Nowadays, machine learning methods (Mach-L) have become new tools in medical research. In the present study, we used four Mach-L methods to explore the relationships between PVDC and demographic, biochemical, and lifestyle factors in a group of healthy premenopausal Chinese women. Our goals were as follows: (1) to evaluate and compare the predictive accuracy of Mach-L and MLR, and (2) to establish a hierarchy of the significance of the aforementioned factors related to PVDC. METHODS Five hundred ninety-three healthy Chinese women were enrolled. In total, there were 35 variables recorded, including demographic, biochemical, and lifestyle information. The dependent variable was 25-OH vitamin D (PVDC), and all other variables were the independent variables. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was regarded as the benchmark for comparison. Four Mach-L methods were applied (random forest (RF), stochastic gradient boosting (SGB), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and elastic net). Each method would produce several estimation errors. The smaller these errors were, the better the model was. RESULTS Pearson's correlation, age, glycated hemoglobin, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and hemoglobin were positively correlated to PVDC, whereas eGFR was negatively correlated to PVDC. The Mach-L methods yielded smaller estimation errors for all five parameters, which indicated that they were better methods than the MLR model. After averaging the importance percentage from the four Mach-L methods, a rank of importance could be obtained. Age was the most important factor, followed by plasma insulin level, TSH, spouse status, LDH, and ALP. CONCLUSIONS In a healthy Chinese premenopausal cohort using four different Mach-L methods, age was found to be the most important factor related to PVDC, followed by plasma insulin level, TSH, spouse status, LDH, and ALP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Ta-Wei Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Chief Executive Officer’s Office, MJ Health Research Foundation, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
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López-Moreno M, Garcés-Rimón M, Miguel-Castro M, Fernández-Martínez E, Iglesias López MT. Effect of Nutrition Education on Health Science University Students to Improve Cardiometabolic Profile and Inflammatory Status. Nutrients 2023; 15:4685. [PMID: 37960339 PMCID: PMC10648054 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The inadequate lifestyle associated with university life may have a negative impact on various cardiometabolic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a one-year nutrition education course on cardiometabolic parameters in undergraduate health science students. During the 2021-22 academic year, 1.30 h nutrition sessions were conducted twice a week. Capillary blood samples were collected and centrifuged to measure cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in serum. The sample studied consisted of 49 students: 20.4% male and 79.6% female. The nutritional intervention resulted in changes in dietary patterns, with increased consumption of vegetables, nuts and legumes. After the course, females showed an increase in HDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.007) and no change in LDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.189). On the other hand, males showed significant changes in HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.043) levels. The atherogenic index was also significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in both males (p = 0.009) and females (p = 0.002). Differences were also observed in the increase in vitamin D levels in both males and females, although the magnitude of the increase was greater in the men (Δ = 7.94, p = 0.016 in men vs. Δ = 4.96, p = 0.001 in women). The monocyte-to-HDL ratio (MHR) showed a significant reduction, although these differences were only significant in males. Students with low vitamin D levels had higher LDL-cholesterol values (p = 0.01) and atherogenic index (p = 0.029). Adjusted linear regression analysis showed a significant association between post-course vitamin D MHR (β = -0.42, IC: -0.29, -0.06, p < 0.01). These findings suggest the importance of including nutrition education programs during the university stage for the prevention of long-term health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (M.M.-C.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Garcés-Rimón
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (M.M.-C.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología Alimentaria, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Miguel-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de Alimentación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (M.M.-C.)
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9
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Ioannidou S, Kazeli K, Ventouris H, Amanatidou D, Gkinoudis A, Lymperaki E. Correlation of Vitamin 25(OH)D, Liver Enzymes, Potassium, and Oxidative Stress Markers with Lipid Profile and Atheromatic Index: A Pilot Study. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:193-204. [PMID: 37092503 PMCID: PMC10123670 DOI: 10.3390/jox13020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent literature, there is a limited amount of data about the correlation of vitamin 25(OH)D, potassium (K), oxidative stress parameters, and other biomarkers with dyslipidemia, which is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study aims to investigate the correlation of lipid profile and atheromatic index TC/HDL with several biomarkers and oxidative stress parameters. A total of 102 volunteers, 67 with atheromatic index TC/HDL > 3.5 (Group A) and 35 with TC/HDL < 3.5 (Group B), aged from 26 to 78 years, participated in this study. Serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL), vitamin 25(OH)D [25(OH)D], potassium (K), sodium (Na), lactose dehydrogenase (LDH), liver enzymes including serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases (SGOT and SGPT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were analyzed using standard photometric methods. Oxidative stress parameters such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected with fluorometric methods, whereas total oxidative (TOS) and antioxidative status (TAS) were measured with spectrophotometric methods. According to the results, negative correlations of HDL (r = −0.593) and 25(OH)D (r = −0.340) and K (r = −0.220) were found, and positive expected correlations of LDL (r = 0.731), TC (r = 0.663), and TG (r = 0.584) with atheromatic index in the total studied sample were found. In conclusion, patients with a dyslipidemic profile should frequently check not only their lipid profile but also other biomarkers such as 25(OH)D, potassium, and oxidative stress markers to predict dyslipidemia and avoid subsequent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Ioannidou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kazeli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, School of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hristos Ventouris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dionysia Amanatidou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Argyrios Gkinoudis
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evgenia Lymperaki
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Oveisgharan S, Kim N, Agrawal S, Yu L, Leurgans S, Kapasi A, Arfanakis K, Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Buchman AS. Brain and spinal cord arteriolosclerosis and its associations with cerebrovascular disease risk factors in community-dwelling older adults. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 145:219-233. [PMID: 36469116 PMCID: PMC10183107 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Arteriolosclerosis is common in older brains and related to cognitive and motor impairment. We compared the severity of arteriolosclerosis and its associations with cerebrovascular disease risk factors (CVD-RFs) in multiple locations in the brain and spinal cord. Participants (n = 390) were recruited in the context of a longitudinal community-based clinical-pathological study, the Rush Memory and Aging Project. CVD-RFs were assessed annually for an average of 8.7 (SD = 4.3) years before death. The annual assessments included systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, diabetes mellitus (DM), low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, body mass index, and smoking. Postmortem pathological assessments included assessment of arteriolosclerosis severity using the same rating scale in three brain locations (basal ganglia, frontal, and parietal white matter regions) and four spinal cord levels (cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral levels). A single measure was used to summarize the severity of spinal arteriolosclerosis assessments at the four levels due to their high correlations. Average age at death was 91.5 (SD = 6.2) years, and 73% were women. Half showed arteriolosclerosis in frontal white matter and spinal cord followed by parietal white matter (38%) and basal ganglia (27%). The severity of arteriolosclerosis in all three brain locations showed mild-to-moderate correlations. By contrast, spinal arteriolosclerosis was associated with brain arteriolosclerosis only in frontal white matter. Higher DBP was associated with more severe arteriolosclerosis in all three brain locations. DM was associated with more severe arteriolosclerosis only in frontal white matter. Controlling for DBP, higher SBP was inversely associated with arteriolosclerosis in parietal white matter. Blood cholesterol and triglyceride, high body mass index, or smoking were not related to the severity of arteriolosclerosis in any brain region. None of the CVD-RFs were associated with the severity of spinal arteriolosclerosis. These data indicate that severity of arteriolosclerosis and its associations with CVD-RFs may vary in different CNS locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Oveisgharan
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Namhee Kim
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sonal Agrawal
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sue Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alifiya Kapasi
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aron S Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W Harrison, Suite 1000, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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11
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Sabico S, Wani K, Grant WB, Al-Daghri NM. Improved HDL Cholesterol through Vitamin D Status Correction Substantially Lowers 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score in Vitamin D-Deficient Arab Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030551. [PMID: 36771260 PMCID: PMC9921125 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This interventional study aimed to determine whether correcting vitamin D status in deficient Arab adults [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] improves their 10-year risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk scores. Saudi adults (58 males 62 females) with baseline vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) were given 50,000 IU cholecalciferol weekly for 2 months, then twice a month, followed by daily 1000 IU until month 6. Fasting blood samples were collected pre- and post-intervention and assessed for glucose, lipids, and 25(OH)D levels. The predicted 10-year ASCVD risk scores were calculated at baseline and after intervention. At baseline, significantly higher 10-year ASCDV risk scores were observed in males than females (9% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). After 6 months, only 21% (25 out of 120) achieved 25(OH)D levels above optimal level (≥75 nmol/L). While modest improvements were seen in glucose and lipid profiles, only HDL cholesterol showed favorable significant changes in all participants, which translated to significantly improved 10-year ASCVD risk scores independent of whether they achieved optimum vitamin D status. Still, those who achieved optimal vitamin D levels had a modestly larger decrease in ASCVD risk scores than those with less optimal 25(OH)D levels (-23% versus -18%) and this improvement was slightly more pronounced in males (-26% versus -10%, or 16% improvement) than females (-47% versus -32%, or 15% improvement). In conclusion, vitamin D status correction significantly enhances HDL cholesterol which prospectively reduces 10-year ASCVD risk as vitamin D levels approach optimum status among adult Arabs with baseline vitamin D deficiency. This improvement appears to be slightly more apparent in males than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Sabico
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-14675939
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12
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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with spinal cord injury at admission: a single-centred study in the UK. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e24. [PMID: 36843972 PMCID: PMC9947757 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and has been implicated as an aetiologic factor of osteoporosis and various skeletal and extra-skeletal issues in SCI patients. Few data were available regarding vitamin D status in patients with acute SCI or immediately assessed at hospital admission. This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated vitamin D status in SCI patients at admission to a UK SCI centre in January-December 2017. A total of 196 eligible patients with serum 25(OH)D concentration records at admission were recruited. The results found that 24 % were vitamin D deficient (serum 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/l), 57 % of the patients had serum 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l. The male patients, patients admitted in the winter-spring time (December-May), and patients with serum sodium < 135 mmol/l or with non-traumatic causes had a significant higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency than their counterparts (28 % males v. 11⋅8 % females, P = 0⋅02; 30⋅2 % in winter-spring v. 12⋅9 % in summer-autumn, P = 0⋅007; 32⋅1 % non-traumatic v. 17⋅6 % traumatic SCI, P = 0⋅03; 38⋅9 % low serum sodium v. 18⋅8 % normal serum sodium, P = 0⋅010). There was a significant inverse association of serum 25(OH)D concentration with body mass index (BMI) (r = -0⋅311, P = 0⋅002), serum total cholesterol (r = -0⋅168, P = 0⋅04) and creatinine concentrations (r = -0⋅162, P = 0⋅02) that were also significant predictors of serum 25(OH)D concentration. Strategies for systematic screening and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in SCI patients need to be implemented and further investigated to prevent the vitamin D deficiency-related chronic complications.
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Yazdani AN, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Rotator Cuff Health, Pathology, and Repair in the Perspective of Hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDICS AND SPORTS MEDICINE 2022; 4:263-275. [PMID: 36381991 PMCID: PMC9648405 DOI: 10.26502/josm.511500063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rotator Cuff Injuries (RCI) are prevalent cause of shoulder pain affecting over 20% of the population in the USA. Surgical repair of the torn rotator cuff helps in relieving the pressure on the rotator cuff tendon and from symptoms, however tendon-to-bone healing after rotator cuff surgery still has a high failure rate. Hyperlipidemia has been strongly associated with RCI although the cellular and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The focus of this critical review is to further explore the role of hyperlipidemia in RCI and rotator cuff tissue repair to determine its implication as a risk factor for tears, repair, and retears. A literature review was conducted to elucidate the role of hyperlipidemia as an inflammatory mediator and catalyst for structural instability within the shoulder. The results from various studies were critically reviewed to summarize the relationship between hyperlipidemia and rotator cuff pathology. Hyperlipidemia induces LDL-particle entrapment within the dense regular collagen of rotator cuff tendons resulting in foam cell aggregation and macrophage recruitment. Subsequent inflammatory pathways including the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway led to persistent inflammation and Extracellular Matrix (ECM) degradation within the rotator cuff. While arthroscopic repair remains the most common treatment modality, nonsurgical treatment including statins, vitamin D, and targeting miRNA are also of therapeutic benefit. Hyperlipidemia interferes with arthroscopic repairs by inducing inflammation and stiffness within tendons and increases the risk of retears. Most notably, targeting underlying mechanisms influencing inflammation has large therapeutic value as a novel treatment strategy for the management of rotator cuff pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armand N Yazdani
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, 91766, USA
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14
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Alhawari H, Jarrar Y, Abulebdah D, Abaalkhail SJ, Alkhalili M, Alkhalili S, Alhawari H, Momani M, Obeidat MN, Fram RK, Salahat MA, Lee SJ. Effects of Vitamin D Receptor Genotype on Lipid Profiles and Retinopathy Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Pilot Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091488. [PMID: 36143273 PMCID: PMC9505147 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms affect lipid profiles and are associated with disease complications. Genetic variants in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we investigated the effects of VDR genotypes on the lipid profile and disease complications of T2DM patients in a Jordanian population. Ninety T2DM patients were genotyped for four major functional VDR genetic variants, rs2228570 C > T (FokI), rs7975232 A > C (ApaI), rs731236 T > C (TaqI), and rs1544410 C > T (BsmI), using the polymerase chain reaction−restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Lipid profiles and diabetes complications were analyzed and correlated with VDR genotypes. We found that the VDR rs7975232 and rs1544410 alleles were significantly (p = 0.008−0.04) associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and retinopathy among patients. Carriers of the rs7975232 A/A genotype exhibited higher levels (49.68 ± 15.86 mg/dL) of HDL than patients with the A/C (44.73 ± 13.38 mg/dL) and C/C (37.93 ± 9.22 mg/dL) genotypes. Moreover, carriers of the rs1544410 T/T genotype had higher levels of HDL (54.31 ± 16.45 mg/dL) than patients with the C/T (43.57 ± 13.24 mg/dL) and C/C (43.98 ± 13.17 mg/dL) genotypes. T2DM patients who carry the rs7975232 C/C genotype were at higher risk (odds ratio [OR] = 7.88) of developing retinopathy compared with carriers of the rs7975232 C/A and A/A genotypes. In addition, T2DM patients with the rs1544410 C/C genotype had a higher risk (OR = 4.21) of developing retinopathy than patients with the rs1544410 C/T and T/T genotypes. Therefore, we concluded that the VDR rs7975232 and rs1544410 alleles were associated with HDL levels and retinopathy and can be considered as potential genetic biomarkers for the lipid profile and retinopathy complication among T2DM patients in a Jordanian population of Arabic origin. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Alhawari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Yazun Jarrar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (S.-J.L.); Tel.: +962-795930283 (Y.J.)
| | - Dina Abulebdah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Sara J. Abaalkhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Marah Alkhalili
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Sura Alkhalili
- Department of General Surgery, The University of Jordan Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hussein Alhawari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Munther Momani
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammed N. Obeidat
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rand K. Fram
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A. Salahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Su-Jun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 50834, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (S.-J.L.); Tel.: +962-795930283 (Y.J.)
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15
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Rendina D, D′Elia L, Abate V, Rebellato A, Buondonno I, Succoio M, Martinelli F, Muscariello R, De Filippo G, D′Amelio P, Fallo F, Strazzullo P, Faraonio R. Vitamin D Status, Cardiovascular Risk Profile, and miRNA-21 Levels in Hypertensive Patients: Results of the HYPODD Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132683. [PMID: 35807864 PMCID: PMC9268320 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D and microRNA (miR) systems may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders, including hypertension. The HYPODD study was a double-blind placebo-controlled trial aiming to assess the effects of cholecalciferol treatment in patients with well-controlled hypertension and hypovitaminosis D (25OHD levels < 50 nmol/L). In addition to this clinical trial, we also evaluated the effects of cholecalciferol and calcitriol treatment on miR-21 expression in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Changes in the cardiovascular risk profiles were evaluated in HYPODD patients treated with cholecalciferol (C-cohort) or with placebo (P-cohort). The miR-21circulating levels were measured in four C-cohort patients and five P-cohort patients. In vitro, the miR-21 levels were measured in HEK-293 cells treated with calcitriol or with ethanol vehicle control. Cholecalciferol treatment increased 25OHD levels and reduced parathormone, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in C-cohort patients, whereas no significant changes in these parameters were observed in P-cohort patients. The miR-21 circulating levels did not change in the C- or the P-cohort patients upon treatment. Calcitriol treatment did not affect miR-21 levels in HEK-293 cells. In conclusion, hypovitaminosis D correction ameliorated the cardiovascular risk profiles in hypertensive patients treated with cholecalciferol but did not influence the miR-21 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Rendina
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (L.D.); (V.A.); (R.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Lanfranco D′Elia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (L.D.); (V.A.); (R.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Veronica Abate
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (L.D.); (V.A.); (R.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Andrea Rebellato
- Department of Medicine, Clinica Medica 3, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.R.); (F.F.)
| | - Ilaria Buondonno
- Department of Medical Science, Geriatric and Bone Diseases Unit, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy; (I.B.); (P.D.)
| | - Mariangela Succoio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Fabio Martinelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.M.)
| | - Riccardo Muscariello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (L.D.); (V.A.); (R.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Gianpaolo De Filippo
- Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Service d’Endocrinologie et Diabétologie Pédiatrique, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Patrizia D′Amelio
- Department of Medical Science, Geriatric and Bone Diseases Unit, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy; (I.B.); (P.D.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Service of Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Rehabilitation, University of Lausanne Hospital Centre, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Fallo
- Department of Medicine, Clinica Medica 3, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.R.); (F.F.)
| | - Pasquale Strazzullo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (D.R.); (L.D.); (V.A.); (R.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Raffaella Faraonio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (F.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Guarnotta V, Di Gaudio F, Giordano C. Vitamin D Deficiency in Cushing's Disease: Before and After Its Supplementation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050973. [PMID: 35267948 PMCID: PMC8912655 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The primary objective of the study was to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] values in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD), compared to controls. The secondary objective was to assess the response to a load of 150,000 U of cholecalciferol. Methods: In 50 patients with active CD and 48 controls, we evaluated the anthropometric and biochemical parameters, including insulin sensitivity estimation by the homeostatic model of insulin resistance, Matsuda Index and oral disposition index at baseline and in patients with CD also after 6 weeks of cholecalciferol supplementation. Results: At baseline, patients with CD showed a higher frequency of hypovitaminosis deficiency (p = 0.001) and lower serum 25(OH)D (p < 0.001) than the controls. Six weeks after cholecalciferol treatment, patients with CD had increased serum calcium (p = 0.017), 25(OH)D (p < 0.001), ISI-Matsuda (p = 0.035), oral disposition index (p = 0.045) and decreased serum PTH (p = 0.004) and total cholesterol (p = 0.017) values than at baseline. Multivariate analysis showed that mean urinary free cortisol (mUFC) was independently negatively correlated with serum 25(OH)D in CD. Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D levels are lower in patients with CD compared to the controls. Vitamin D deficiency is correlated with mUFC and values of mUFC > 240 nmol/24 h are associated with hypovitaminosis D. Cholecalciferol supplementation had a positive impact on insulin sensitivity and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Guarnotta
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infantile Care, Excellence Internal and Specialist Medicine “G. D’Alessandro” [PROMISE], Section of Endocrine Disease and Nutrition, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesca Di Gaudio
- Biochemistry Head CQRC Division (Quality Control and Biochemical Risk), Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infantile Care, Excellence Internal and Specialist Medicine “G. D’Alessandro” [PROMISE], University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carla Giordano
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infantile Care, Excellence Internal and Specialist Medicine “G. D’Alessandro” [PROMISE], Section of Endocrine Disease and Nutrition, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0916552110; Fax: +39-0916552123
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Grant WB, Al Anouti F, Boucher BJ, Dursun E, Gezen-Ak D, Jude EB, Karonova T, Pludowski P. A Narrative Review of the Evidence for Variations in Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Thresholds for Optimal Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030639. [PMID: 35276999 PMCID: PMC8838864 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 has many important health benefits. Unfortunately, these benefits are not widely known among health care personnel and the general public. As a result, most of the world’s population has serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations far below optimal values. This narrative review examines the evidence for the major causes of death including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and COVID-19 with regard to sub-optimal 25(OH)D concentrations. Evidence for the beneficial effects comes from a variety of approaches including ecological and observational studies, studies of mechanisms, and Mendelian randomization studies. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are generally considered the strongest form of evidence for pharmaceutical drugs, the study designs and the conduct of RCTs performed for vitamin D have mostly been flawed for the following reasons: they have been based on vitamin D dose rather than on baseline and achieved 25(OH)D concentrations; they have involved participants with 25(OH)D concentrations above the population mean; they have given low vitamin D doses; and they have permitted other sources of vitamin D. Thus, the strongest evidence generally comes from the other types of studies. The general finding is that optimal 25(OH)D concentrations to support health and wellbeing are above 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality rate, whereas the thresholds for several other outcomes appear to range up to 40 or 50 ng/mL. The most efficient way to achieve these concentrations is through vitamin D supplementation. Although additional studies are warranted, raising serum 25(OH)D concentrations to optimal concentrations will result in a significant reduction in preventable illness and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-415-409-1980
| | - Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Barbara J. Boucher
- The Blizard Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E12AT, UK;
| | - Erdinç Dursun
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey; (E.D.); (D.G.-A.)
| | - Duygu Gezen-Ak
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34098, Turkey; (E.D.); (D.G.-A.)
| | - Edward B. Jude
- Tameside and Glossop Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Fountain Street, Ashton-under-Lyne OL6 9RW, UK;
- The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Metropolitan University, All Saints Building, Manchester M15 6BH, UK
| | - Tatiana Karonova
- Clinical Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 194021 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Pawel Pludowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04730 Warsaw, Poland;
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18
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Zhao X, Deng C, Li Z, Jia Y, Chen S. Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Predicts Vitamin D Deficiency in Male Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2455-2466. [PMID: 35982762 PMCID: PMC9380827 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s376127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, and the clinical value of MHR as a predictor of vitamin D deficiency in this population. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 260 patients with T2DM from May 2021 to October 2021. Based on internationally used criteria for defining vitamin D levels, the patients were divided according to sex and levels of vitamin D into the following four groups: Group A1 (male patients with vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL), group A2 (male patients with vitamin D levels ≥20 ng/mL), group B1 (female patients with vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL), and group B2 (female patients with vitamin D levels≥20 ng/mL). The MHR was calculated as a monocyte/high-density cholesterol lipoprotein ratio. RESULTS The vitamin D level was independently and negatively correlated with the MHR in male patients with T2DM, but not in female patients. The MHR was an independent risk factor and predictor for the development of vitamin D deficiency in male patients, but not in female patients, with T2DM. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) was an independent protective factor for vitamin D deficiency in female patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION This study suggested that the MHR was a new marker for predicting vitamin D deficiency in male patients with T2DM. Alleviating inflammation, improving lipid metabolism, and increasing HDL levels in patients with T2DM might help improve vitamin D levels, which might be important for preventing and managing T2DM. The MHR might help as a new marker to predict vitamin D deficiency in China, where primary hospitals lack the capacity for vitamin D testing on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetong Zhao
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenqian Deng
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zelin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuchun Chen, Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 31185988406, Email
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