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Ramos DJ, Disselli T, Gomes DR, Aires LPN, Tinto ST, Salazar DVV, Pereira MMF, de Miranda BSP, de Oliveira APL, Lima BB, Uscategui RAR, Feliciano MAR. Two-Dimensional Shear-Wave Elastography of the Thyroid in Clinically Healthy Dogs in Different Age Groups. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1528. [PMID: 38891575 PMCID: PMC11171302 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The thyroid of dogs has not been extensively studied in 2D shear-wave elastography, making it challenging to apply this technique in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases in a non-invasive manner. The aim of this study is to evaluate the thyroid glands of healthy dogs using 2D shear-wave elastography in order to establish qualitative and quantitative parameters of tissue stiffness in dogs in different age groups. A total of 31 dogs of various breeds, sexes, and sizes were evaluated. Animals with clinical signs or ultrasound findings indicative of endocrine disease or thyroid lesions were excluded from the study. The shear-wave velocity data in meters per second (m/s) and color elastograms were evaluated and calculated using QelaXto™ 2D software. A healthy thyroid exhibits a blue-color elastogram, indicative of low stiffness. The reference range for the shear-wave velocity of thyroid tissue assessed by 2D shear-wave elastography can be between 1.6 and 2.0 m/s, with a variation of ±0.889 in adult and senior dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Jaques Ramos
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.P.N.A.); (B.S.P.d.M.); (A.P.L.d.O.); (B.B.L.)
| | - Tamiris Disselli
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga 13634-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.D.); (D.R.G.); (S.T.T.); (D.V.V.S.); (M.M.F.P.)
| | - Diego Rodrigues Gomes
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga 13634-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.D.); (D.R.G.); (S.T.T.); (D.V.V.S.); (M.M.F.P.)
| | - Luiz Paulo Nogueira Aires
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.P.N.A.); (B.S.P.d.M.); (A.P.L.d.O.); (B.B.L.)
| | - Stéfany Tagliatela Tinto
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga 13634-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.D.); (D.R.G.); (S.T.T.); (D.V.V.S.); (M.M.F.P.)
| | - Diana Villa Verde Salazar
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga 13634-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.D.); (D.R.G.); (S.T.T.); (D.V.V.S.); (M.M.F.P.)
| | - Mariane Magno Ferreira Pereira
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga 13634-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.D.); (D.R.G.); (S.T.T.); (D.V.V.S.); (M.M.F.P.)
| | - Brenda Santos Pompeu de Miranda
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.P.N.A.); (B.S.P.d.M.); (A.P.L.d.O.); (B.B.L.)
| | - Ana Paula Luiz de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.P.N.A.); (B.S.P.d.M.); (A.P.L.d.O.); (B.B.L.)
| | - Bruna Bressianini Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (L.P.N.A.); (B.S.P.d.M.); (A.P.L.d.O.); (B.B.L.)
| | | | - Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga 13634-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (T.D.); (D.R.G.); (S.T.T.); (D.V.V.S.); (M.M.F.P.)
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Yi AJ, Yang WW, Cui XW, Dietrich CF, Wang B. The value of quantitative and a new qualitative color pattern shear wave elastography for the differentiation of ACR TI-RADS 4 or 5 category thyroid nodules measuring ≤10 mm. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1275256. [PMID: 38260152 PMCID: PMC10800972 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1275256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of quantitative shear wave elastography (SWE) and a new qualitative color pattern SWE for the differentiation of benign and malignant American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting, and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) 4 or 5 category thyroid nodules measuring ≤10 mm. Materials and methods From May 2020 to July 2022, a total of 237 patients with 270 thyroid nodules were enrolled, and conventional ultrasound and SWE examinations were performed for each patient. Each ACR TI-RADS 4 or 5 category thyroid nodule measuring ≤10 mm was evaluated by quantitative SWE and a new qualitative color pattern SWE. The diagnostic performance of quantitative SWE parameters, the new qualitative color pattern SWE, and the combination of SWE with ACR TI-RADS, respectively, for the differentiation of benign and malignant ACR TI-RADS 4 or 5 category thyroid nodules measuring ≤10 mm was evaluated and compared. Results Among 270 thyroid nodules in 237 patients, 72 (26.67%) thyroid nodules were benign and 198 (73.33%) thyroid nodules were malignant. The qualitative color pattern SWE showed better diagnostic performance than the quantitative SWE parameters. When combining the qualitative color pattern SWE with ACR TI-RADS scores, with the optimal cutoff value of the total points ≥8, the thyroid nodules were considered malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC were 89.90%, 56.94%, 81.11%, and 0.820 (95% CI: 0.768-0.864), respectively. Compared with using qualitative color pattern SWE alone, the combination of qualitative color pattern SWE and ACR TI-RADS had better diagnostic performance, which was significantly different (p < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of qualitative SWE color patterns and ACR TI-RADS had high sensitivity and accuracy, which might be a convenient and useful method to differentiate benign and malignant ACR TI-RADS 4 or 5 category thyroid nodules measuring ≤10 mm. It would be helpful for the management of thyroid nodules and improving prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-jiao Yi
- Department of medical ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Wei-Wei Yang
- Department of medical ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Xin-Wu Cui
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Christoph F. Dietrich
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of medical ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
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Javed N, Ghazanfar H, Jyala A, Patel H. Associations of Real-Time Ultrasound and Strain and Shear Wave Elastography with Gastrointestinal Organs: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3302. [PMID: 37958199 PMCID: PMC10649379 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13213302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound elastography is gaining attention for its diagnostic potential across various medical fields, and its physical properties make it valuable in modern clinical medicine. However, its specific attributes, especially in the context of recent medical advancements, remain relatively unexplored. This study aimed to identify instrument-specific characteristics and applications of real-time ultrasound elastography, shear wave elastography, and strain elastography, particularly within gastroenterology. Following PRISMA guidelines, the study examined elastography articles on databases like PubMed, resulting in 78 included articles. Data on patient demographics, organ involvement, specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were extracted. Statistical analysis involved SPSS version 21, with significance set at p < 0.05. The majority of patients were male (50.50%), with a mean age of 42.73 ± 4.41 years. Shear wave elastography was the most prevalent technique (48.7%), and liver investigations were predominant in gastroenterology (34.6%). Gastrointestinal applications showed higher sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values (p < 0.05) but lower specificity (p < 0.05). Real-time ultrasound elastography exhibited increased specificity, accuracy, and predictive values (p < 0.05). Ultrasound elastography appears more accurate and effective in gastroenterological settings. Nonetheless, its performance depends on instrument-specific and operator-dependent factors. While promising, further studies are necessary to ascertain optimal utilization in both gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nismat Javed
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, USA;
| | - Haider Ghazanfar
- Department of Gastroenterology, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, USA; (H.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Abhilasha Jyala
- Department of Gastroenterology, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, USA; (H.G.); (A.J.)
| | - Harish Patel
- Department of Gastroenterology, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, NY 10457, USA; (H.G.); (A.J.)
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Li H, Xue J, Zhang Y, Miao J, Jing L, Kang C. Diagnostic efficacy of a combination of the Chinese thyroid imaging reporting and data system and shear wave elastography in detecting category 4a and 4b thyroid nodules. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1161424. [PMID: 37378021 PMCID: PMC10291617 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1161424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) category 4a and 4b nodules can be difficult using conventional ultrasonography (US). The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of a combination of the Chinese-TIRADS (C-TIRADS) and shear wave elastography (SWE) in detecting malignant nodules among category 4a and 4b thyroid nodules. Methods Among 409 thyroid nodules in 332 patients that we included in this study, 106 thyroid nodules were diagnosed as category 4a and 4b using C-TIRADS. We used SWE to measure the maximum Young's modulus (Emax) values of category 4a and 4b thyroid nodules. We calculated the diagnostic efficacy of only the C-TIRADS, only SWE, and a combination of C-TIRADS with SWE, and compared these, while taking the pathology results as the gold standard. Results The area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and accuracy values of the combination of C-TIRADS and SWE (0.870, 83.3%, and 84.0%, respectively) were all higher when compared with the values of only the C-TIRADS (0.785, 68.5%, and 78.3%, respectively) or only SWE (0.775, 68.5%, and 77.4%, respectively) in the diagnosis of category 4a and 4b thyroid nodules. Conclusion In this study, we found that the combination of C-TIRADS and SWE significantly improved the diagnostic efficacy in detecting malignant nodules among category 4a and 4b thyroid nodules, and this could provide a reference for further use of this combination by clinicians for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhan Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiping Xue
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Junwang Miao
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liwei Jing
- Department of Health Statistics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunsong Kang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Antonia TD, Maria LI, Ancuta-Augustina GG. Preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules - Diagnosis and management strategies. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154516. [PMID: 37196471 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with increasing incidence over the past few decades. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is the gold standard for preoperative diagnosis of thyroid malignancies. Nevertheless, this method renders indeterminate results in up to 30% of the cases. Therefore, these patients are often referred to unnecessary surgery to establish the diagnosis. To improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis, several other ways, such as ultrasonography, elastography, immunohistochemical analysis, genetic testing, and core needle biopsy, have been developed and can be used either in association with or as an alternative to FNA. This review aims to evaluate all these diagnostic tools to determine the most appropriate way of managing thyroid nodules and subsequently improve the selection of cases referred to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapoi Dana Antonia
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; University Emergency Hospital, Department of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lambrescu Ioana Maria
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Bucharest, Romania; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Gheorghisan-Galateanu Ancuta-Augustina
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Bucharest, Romania; CI Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania
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Wang B, Ou X, Yang J, Zhang H, Cui XW, Dietrich CF, Yi AJ. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound and shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of ACR TI-RADS 4 and 5 category thyroid nodules coexisting with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1022305. [PMID: 36713579 PMCID: PMC9874292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1022305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), shear wave elastography (SWE), and their combined use in the differentiation of American College of Radiology (ACR) thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) 4 and 5 category thyroid nodules coexisting with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Materials and methods A total of 133 pathologically confirmed ACR TI-RADS 4 and 5 category nodules coexisting with HT in 113 patients were included; CEUS and SWE were performed for all nodules. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the SWE, CEUS, and the combined use of both for the differentiation of benign and malignant nodules were compared, respectively. Results Using CEUS alone, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 89.2%, 66.0%, 81.3%, 78.6%, and 80.5%, respectively. Using SWE alone, Emax was superior to Emin, Emean, and Eratio for the differentiation of benign and malignant nodules with the best cutoff Emax >46.8 kPa, which had sensitivity of 65.1%, specificity of 90.0%, PPV of 91.5%, NPV of 60.8%, and accuracy of 74.4%, respectively. Compared with the diagnostic performance of qualitative CEUS or/and quantitative SWE, the combination of CEUS and SWE had the best sensitivity, accuracy, and AUC; the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and AUC were 94.0%, 66.0%, 82.1%, 86.8%, 83.5%, and 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.713, 0.886), respectively. Conclusion In conclusion, CEUS and SWE were useful for the differentiation of benign and malignant ACR TI-RADS 4 and 5 category thyroid nodules coexisting with HT. The combination of CEUS and SWE could improve the sensitivity and accuracy compared with using CEUS or SWE alone. It could be a non-invasive, reliable, and useful method to differentiate benign from malignant ACR TI-RADS 4 and 5 category thyroid nodules coexisting with HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ou
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China
| | - Xin-Wu Cui
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Xin-Wu Cui, ; Ai-Jiao Yi,
| | - Christoph F. Dietrich
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Kliniken Hirslanden Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ai-Jiao Yi
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China,*Correspondence: Xin-Wu Cui, ; Ai-Jiao Yi,
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Combined Shear Wave Elastography and EU TIRADS in Differentiating Malignant and Benign Thyroid Nodules. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225521. [PMID: 36428614 PMCID: PMC9688054 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although multimodal ultrasound approaches have been suggested to potentially improve the diagnosis of thyroid cancer; the diagnostic utility of the combination of SWE and malignancy-risk stratification systems remains vague due to the lack of standardized criteria. The purpose of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of the combination of grey scale ultrasound assessment using EU TIRADS and shear wave elastography. 121 patients (126 nodules−81 benign; 45 malignant) underwent grey scale ultrasound and SWE imaging of nodules between 0.5 cm and 5 cm prior to biopsy and/or surgery. Nodules were analyzed based on size stratifications: <1 cm (n = 43); 1−2 cm (n = 52) and >2 cm (n = 31) and equivocal cytology status (n = 52), and diagnostic performance assessments were conducted. The combination of EU TIRADS with SWE using the SD parameter; maintained a high sensitivity and significantly improved the specificity of sole EU TIRADS for nodules 1−2 cm (SEN: 72.2% vs. 88.9%, p > 0.05; SPEC: 76.5% vs. 55.9%, p < 0.01) and >2 cm (SEN: 71.4% vs. 85.7%, p > 0.05; SPEC: 95.8% vs. 62.5%, p < 0.01). For cytologically-equivocal nodules; the combination with the SWE minimum parameter resulted in a significant reduction in sensitivity with increased specificity (SEN: 60% vs. 80%; SPEC: 83.4% vs. 37.8%; all p < 0.05). SWE in combination with EU TIRADS is diagnostically efficient in discriminating nodules > 1 cm but is not ideal for discriminating cytologically-equivocal nodules.
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